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Myopathic Changes in Chronically Denervated Muscle

Myopathic Changes in Chronically Denervated Muscle Abstract NEUROMUSCULAR diseases are generally divided into two categories: the neuropathies and the myopathies. Neuropathic disorders are those in which motor nerve cells or their processes are first affected, resulting secondarily in atrophy of muscle. In the primary myopathies the disease process is assumed to involve the muscle directly, without damaging its nerve supply. Clinical, laboratory, and electromyographic findings are often useful in distinguishing between these two classes of disorders, but the muscle biopsy may be the deciding factor. In general, interpretation of the muscle biopsy has been based on two principles: (1) Following denervation, muscle fibers belonging to the same motor unit undergo atrophy together and are located in groups. By contrast, myopathies attack individual muscle fibers at random, giving rise to scattered changes throughout the muscle. (2) In myopathic disorders architectural changes are found in medium-sized and larger muscle fibers. On the other hand, denervation leads to References 1. Adams, R.D.: The Histopathology of Human Muscle Disease , Res Publ Assoc Nerv Ment Dis 38:318, 1960. 2. Banker, B.Q.: The Experimental Myopathies , Res Publ Assoc Nerv Ment Dis 38:197, 1960. 3. Greenfield, J.G., et al: An Atlas of Muscle Pathology in Neuromuscular Diseases , Edinburgh: E. & S. Livingstone, Ltd., 1957. 4. Adams, R.D.; Denny-Brown, D.; and Pearson, C.M.: Diseases of Muscle: A Study in Pathology , ed 2, New York: Harper & Row, Publishers, Inc., 1962. 5. Pearson, C.M.: " The Histopathology of Some Human Myopathies ," in Paul, W.M., et al (eds.): Muscle , Oxford: Pergamon Press, 1965, pp 423-452. 6. Adams, R.D.: " Pathological Reactions of the Skeletal Muscle Fibre in Man ," in Walton, J.W. (ed.): Disorders of Voluntary Muscle , Boston: Little, Brown & Company, 1964, pp 114-162. 7. Bowden, R.E.M., and Gutmann, E.: Observations in a Case of Muscular Dystrophy With Reference to a Diagnostic Significance , Arch Neurol Psychiat 56:1, 1946.Crossref 8. Haase, G.R., and Shy, G.M.: Pathological Changes in Muscle Biopsies From Patients With Peroneal Muscular Atrophy , Brain 83:631, 1960.Crossref 9. Tyrer, J.H., and Sutherland, J.M.: The Primary Spino-Cerebellar Atrophies and Their Associated Defects, With a Study of the Foot Deformity , Brain 84:289, 1961.Crossref 10. Lucas, G.J., and Forster, F.M.: Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease With Associated Myopathy: A Report of a Family , Neurology 12:629, 1962.Crossref 11. Mumenthaler, M.: Valeur de las biopsie pour le diagnostic des maladies neuro-musculaires: Etude de 335 cas personnels , Rev Neurol 108:462, 1963. 12. Thiebaut, F., et al: Clinical, Electrical and Histological Correlation in Muscle Pathology , Rev Neurol 108:575, 1963. 13. Myrianthopoulos, N.C., et al: Nerve Conduction and Other Studies in Families With Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease , Brain 87:589, 1964.Crossref 14. Tsukagoshi, H., et al: Hereditary Proximal Neurogenic Muscular Atrophy in Adult , Arch Neurol 12:597, 1965.Crossref 15. Gross, M.: Proximal Spinal Muscular Atrophy , J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiat 29:29, 1966.Crossref 16. Greenfield, J.G.: Neuropathology , London: Edward Arnold (Publishers), Ltd., 1958, p 187. 17. Durante, G.: " Anatomie pathologique des muscles ," in Cornil, V., and Ranvier, L. (eds.): Manuel d'histologie pathologique , ed 3, Paris: Alcon, vol 2, 1902, pp 1-477. 18. Brodal, A.; Boyesen, V.; and Frovig, A.G.: Progressive Neuropathic (Peroneal) Muscular Atrophy (Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease) , Arch Neurol Psychiat 70:1, 1953.Crossref 19. Hoffman, H.: Local Re-Innervation in Partially Denervated Muscle: A Histo-Physiological Study . Aust J Exp Biol Med Sci 28:383, 1950.Crossref 20. Wohlfart, G.: Collateral Regeneration in Partially Denervated Muscles , Neurology 8:175, 1958.Crossref 21. Tower, S.: Atrophy and Degeneration in Skeletal Muscle , Amer J Anat 56:1, 1935.Crossref 22. Denny-Brown, D.: " Experimental Pathology ," in Adams, R.D.; Denny-Brown, D.; and Pearson, C. (eds.): Diseases of Muscle: A Study in Pathology , ed 2, New York: Harper & Row, Publishers, Inc., 1962. 23. Denny-Brown, D.: Experimental Studies Pertaining to Hypertrophy, Regeneration and Degeneration , Res Publ Assoc Nerv Ment Dis 38:197, 1960. 24. Woolf, A.L.: " Changes in the Terminal Motor Innervation in Cases of Neuromuscular Disease ," in Adams, R.D., et al (eds.): Research in Muscular Dystrophy, the Proceedings of the Second Symposium on Current Research in Muscular Dystrophy, London, January 1963 , Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott Company, 1963, pp 99-108. 25. Coers, C.: " Histology of the Myoneural Junction in Myopathies ," in Paul, W.M., et al (eds.): Muscle , Oxford: Pergamon Press, 1965, pp 453-478. 26. MacDermot, V.: The Histology of the Neuromuscular Junction in Dystrophia Myotonica , Brain 84:75, 1961.Crossref 27. Dawson, D.: Leakage of Enzymes From Denervated and Dystrophic Chicken Muscle , Arch Neurol 14:321, 1966.Crossref 28. Pearson, C.M., and Fowler, W.G.: Hereditary Non-Progressive Muscular Dystrophy Inducing Arthrogryposis Syndrome , Brain 86:75, 1963.Crossref 29. Gowers, W.R.: A Lecture on Myopathy and a Distal Form , Brit Med J 2:89, 1902.Crossref 30. Welander, L.: Myopathia Distalis Tarda Hereditaria , Acta Med Scand (suppl 265) , 1951. 31. Milhorat, A.T., and Wolff, H.: Studies in Diseases of Muscle: XIII. Progressive Muscular Dystrophy of Atrophic Distal Type: Report on a Family: Report of Autopsy , Arch Neurol Psychiat 49:655, 1943.Crossref 32. Victor, M.; Hayes, R.; and Adams, R.D.: Oculopharyngeal Muscular Dystrophy , New Eng J Med 267:1267, 1962.Crossref http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Archives of Neurology American Medical Association

Myopathic Changes in Chronically Denervated Muscle

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Publisher
American Medical Association
Copyright
Copyright © 1967 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved.
ISSN
0003-9942
eISSN
1538-3687
DOI
10.1001/archneur.1967.00470190018002
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Abstract

Abstract NEUROMUSCULAR diseases are generally divided into two categories: the neuropathies and the myopathies. Neuropathic disorders are those in which motor nerve cells or their processes are first affected, resulting secondarily in atrophy of muscle. In the primary myopathies the disease process is assumed to involve the muscle directly, without damaging its nerve supply. Clinical, laboratory, and electromyographic findings are often useful in distinguishing between these two classes of disorders, but the muscle biopsy may be the deciding factor. In general, interpretation of the muscle biopsy has been based on two principles: (1) Following denervation, muscle fibers belonging to the same motor unit undergo atrophy together and are located in groups. By contrast, myopathies attack individual muscle fibers at random, giving rise to scattered changes throughout the muscle. (2) In myopathic disorders architectural changes are found in medium-sized and larger muscle fibers. On the other hand, denervation leads to References 1. Adams, R.D.: The Histopathology of Human Muscle Disease , Res Publ Assoc Nerv Ment Dis 38:318, 1960. 2. Banker, B.Q.: The Experimental Myopathies , Res Publ Assoc Nerv Ment Dis 38:197, 1960. 3. Greenfield, J.G., et al: An Atlas of Muscle Pathology in Neuromuscular Diseases , Edinburgh: E. & S. Livingstone, Ltd., 1957. 4. Adams, R.D.; Denny-Brown, D.; and Pearson, C.M.: Diseases of Muscle: A Study in Pathology , ed 2, New York: Harper & Row, Publishers, Inc., 1962. 5. Pearson, C.M.: " The Histopathology of Some Human Myopathies ," in Paul, W.M., et al (eds.): Muscle , Oxford: Pergamon Press, 1965, pp 423-452. 6. Adams, R.D.: " Pathological Reactions of the Skeletal Muscle Fibre in Man ," in Walton, J.W. (ed.): Disorders of Voluntary Muscle , Boston: Little, Brown & Company, 1964, pp 114-162. 7. Bowden, R.E.M., and Gutmann, E.: Observations in a Case of Muscular Dystrophy With Reference to a Diagnostic Significance , Arch Neurol Psychiat 56:1, 1946.Crossref 8. Haase, G.R., and Shy, G.M.: Pathological Changes in Muscle Biopsies From Patients With Peroneal Muscular Atrophy , Brain 83:631, 1960.Crossref 9. Tyrer, J.H., and Sutherland, J.M.: The Primary Spino-Cerebellar Atrophies and Their Associated Defects, With a Study of the Foot Deformity , Brain 84:289, 1961.Crossref 10. Lucas, G.J., and Forster, F.M.: Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease With Associated Myopathy: A Report of a Family , Neurology 12:629, 1962.Crossref 11. Mumenthaler, M.: Valeur de las biopsie pour le diagnostic des maladies neuro-musculaires: Etude de 335 cas personnels , Rev Neurol 108:462, 1963. 12. Thiebaut, F., et al: Clinical, Electrical and Histological Correlation in Muscle Pathology , Rev Neurol 108:575, 1963. 13. Myrianthopoulos, N.C., et al: Nerve Conduction and Other Studies in Families With Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease , Brain 87:589, 1964.Crossref 14. Tsukagoshi, H., et al: Hereditary Proximal Neurogenic Muscular Atrophy in Adult , Arch Neurol 12:597, 1965.Crossref 15. Gross, M.: Proximal Spinal Muscular Atrophy , J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiat 29:29, 1966.Crossref 16. Greenfield, J.G.: Neuropathology , London: Edward Arnold (Publishers), Ltd., 1958, p 187. 17. Durante, G.: " Anatomie pathologique des muscles ," in Cornil, V., and Ranvier, L. (eds.): Manuel d'histologie pathologique , ed 3, Paris: Alcon, vol 2, 1902, pp 1-477. 18. Brodal, A.; Boyesen, V.; and Frovig, A.G.: Progressive Neuropathic (Peroneal) Muscular Atrophy (Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease) , Arch Neurol Psychiat 70:1, 1953.Crossref 19. Hoffman, H.: Local Re-Innervation in Partially Denervated Muscle: A Histo-Physiological Study . Aust J Exp Biol Med Sci 28:383, 1950.Crossref 20. Wohlfart, G.: Collateral Regeneration in Partially Denervated Muscles , Neurology 8:175, 1958.Crossref 21. Tower, S.: Atrophy and Degeneration in Skeletal Muscle , Amer J Anat 56:1, 1935.Crossref 22. Denny-Brown, D.: " Experimental Pathology ," in Adams, R.D.; Denny-Brown, D.; and Pearson, C. (eds.): Diseases of Muscle: A Study in Pathology , ed 2, New York: Harper & Row, Publishers, Inc., 1962. 23. Denny-Brown, D.: Experimental Studies Pertaining to Hypertrophy, Regeneration and Degeneration , Res Publ Assoc Nerv Ment Dis 38:197, 1960. 24. Woolf, A.L.: " Changes in the Terminal Motor Innervation in Cases of Neuromuscular Disease ," in Adams, R.D., et al (eds.): Research in Muscular Dystrophy, the Proceedings of the Second Symposium on Current Research in Muscular Dystrophy, London, January 1963 , Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott Company, 1963, pp 99-108. 25. Coers, C.: " Histology of the Myoneural Junction in Myopathies ," in Paul, W.M., et al (eds.): Muscle , Oxford: Pergamon Press, 1965, pp 453-478. 26. MacDermot, V.: The Histology of the Neuromuscular Junction in Dystrophia Myotonica , Brain 84:75, 1961.Crossref 27. Dawson, D.: Leakage of Enzymes From Denervated and Dystrophic Chicken Muscle , Arch Neurol 14:321, 1966.Crossref 28. Pearson, C.M., and Fowler, W.G.: Hereditary Non-Progressive Muscular Dystrophy Inducing Arthrogryposis Syndrome , Brain 86:75, 1963.Crossref 29. Gowers, W.R.: A Lecture on Myopathy and a Distal Form , Brit Med J 2:89, 1902.Crossref 30. Welander, L.: Myopathia Distalis Tarda Hereditaria , Acta Med Scand (suppl 265) , 1951. 31. Milhorat, A.T., and Wolff, H.: Studies in Diseases of Muscle: XIII. Progressive Muscular Dystrophy of Atrophic Distal Type: Report on a Family: Report of Autopsy , Arch Neurol Psychiat 49:655, 1943.Crossref 32. Victor, M.; Hayes, R.; and Adams, R.D.: Oculopharyngeal Muscular Dystrophy , New Eng J Med 267:1267, 1962.Crossref

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Archives of Neurology – American Medical Association

Published: Jan 1, 1967

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