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Herpes Simplex and Acute Inclusion-Body Encephalitis

Herpes Simplex and Acute Inclusion-Body Encephalitis Abstract Introduction During the past 5 years we have observed 6 patients with encephalitis in the wards of the Massachusetts General Hospital. Each patient presented a distinctive clinical picture with which our medical staff had not been familiar. Therefore, as might be expected, the disease occasioned considerable difficulty in diagnosis for the reason that in each instance the illness had been acute and without evident cause and had occurred at a time when there was no epidemic of encephalitis. Psychological disturbances were outstanding features during the acute phase of the illness or as major sequelae, a quality which tends to distinguish it clinically from several other types of encephalitis. In some of the patients, serologic tests were adequate to establish the presence of an infection caused by herpes simplex virus; in others, the existence of an "inclusion-body" encephalitis was demonstrated pathologically.Our data provide no clue as to the manner in References 1. Webster, H. D. F.: Eastern Equine Encephalitis in Massachusetts , New Engl. J. Med. 255:267, 1956.Crossref 2. Feemster, R. F.: Eastern Equine Encephalitis in Massachusetts , New Engl. J. Med 257:701, 1957.Crossref 3. Sweet, W. H., and Brownell, G. L.: Localization of Intracranial Lesions by Scanning with Positron-Emitting Arsenic , J.A.M.A. 157:1183, 1955.Crossref 4. Sweet, W. H.; Mealey, J.; Brownell, G. L., and Aronow, S.: Coincidence Scanning with Positron-Emitting Arsenic or Copper in the Diagnosis of Focal Intracranial Disease, to be published. 5. Peyton, W. T.; Moore, G. E.; French, L. A., and Chou, S. N.: Localization of Intracranial Lesions by Radioactive Isotopes , J. Neurosurg. 9:432, 1952.Crossref 6. Dascomb, H. E.; Adair, C. V., and Rogers, N.: Serologic Investigations of Herpes Simplex Virus Infections , J. Lab. Clin. Med. 46:1, 1955. 7. Haymaker, W.: Herpes Simplex Encephalitis in Man—With a Report of Three Cases , J. Neuropath. Exp. Neurol. 8:132, 1949.Crossref 8. Haymaker, W.; Smith, M. G.; Van Bogaert, L., and de Chenar, C.: Pathology of Viral Disease in Man Characterized by Nuclear Inclusions: Viral Encephalitis , Springfield, Ill., Charles C Thomas, Publisher, 1958. 9. Cowdry, E. V.: The Problem of Intranuclear Inclusions in Virus Disease , Arch. Path. 18:527, 1934. 10. Dodge, P. R., and Cure, C. W.: Acute Encephalitis with Intranuclear Cellular Inclusions , New Engl. J. Med. 255:849, 1956.Crossref 11. Zarafonetis, C. J. D.; Smadel, J. E.; Adams, J. W., and Haymaker, W.: Fatal Herpes Simplex Encephalitis , Amer. J. Path. 20:429, 1944. 12. Whitman, L.; Wall, M. J., and Warren, J.: Herpes Simplex Encephalitis: A Report of Two Fatal Cases , J.A.M.A. 131:1408, 1946.Crossref 13. Smith, M. G.; Lennette, E. M., and Reames, H. R.: Isolation of the Virus of Herpes Simplex and the Demonstration of Intranuclear Inclusions in a Case of Acute Encephalitis , Amer. J. Path. 17:55, 1941. 14. Kurtzke, J. F.: Inclusion Body Encephalitis , Neurology 6:371, 1956.Crossref 15. Wildi, E.: Encephalite herpetique du nouveau-né , Rev. Neurol. 84:201, 1951. 16. Afzelius-Alm, L.: Aseptic (Non-Bacterial) Encephalomeningitides in Gothenburg 1932-1950: Clinical and Experimental Investigation with Special Reference to the Viruses of Herpes, Influenza, Mumps and Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis , Acta Med. Scand. 140 ( (Suppl. 263) ), 1951. 17. Armstrong, C.: Herpes Simplex Virus Recovered from the Spinal Fluid of a Suspected Case of Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis , Public Health Rep. 58:16, 1943.Crossref 18. Fisher, J. W., and Patrick, J. W.: The Isolation of Herpes Simplex Virus from a Case of Polioencephalitis , Canad. Med. Ass. J. 57:260, 1947. 19. Ginder, D. R., and Whorton, C. M.: Herpes Simplex Encephalitis , J. Pediat. 39:298, 1951.Crossref 20. Draheim, J. H., and Rodaniche, E.: Herpes Simplex Encephalitis: Report of a Case , Amer. J. Clin. Path. 22:1077, 1952. 21. Hunt, B. P., and Comer, E.: Herpetic Meningo-Encephalitis Accompanying Cutaneous Herpes Simplex , Amer. J. Med. 19:814, 1955.Crossref 22. Weisse, K., and Krucke, W.: Inclusion Body Encephalitides , Deutsch. Med. Wschr. 84:777, 1959Crossref 23. translated in German Medical Monthly , 4:147, 1959 24. Brihaye, J.: Étude des encéphalites herpetiques et des encéphalites necrosantes aigues , Acta Med. Belg. 59:1, 1958. 25. Rose, F. C., and Symonds, C. P.: Persistent Memory Defect Following Encephalitis , Brain 83:195, 1960.Crossref 26. Scoville, W. B.: The Limbic Lobe in Man , J. Neurosurg. 11:64, 1954.Crossref 27. Scoville, W. B., and Milner, B.: Loss of Recent Memory after Bilateral Hippocampal Lesions , J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiat. 20:11, 1957.Crossref 28. Finley, K. H.: Western Equine Encephalitis: Clinical Sequelae , Neurology 8:881, 1958.Crossref 29. Smith, J. E.: St. Louis Encephalitis: Clinical Sequelae , Neurology 8:884, 1958.Crossref 30. Weaver, O. M.; Pieper, S., and Kurland, L.: Japanese Encephalitis: Clinical Sequellae , Neurology 8:888, 1958.Crossref 31. Adams, R. D.; Cammermeyer, J., and Denny-Brown, D.: Acute Necrotizing Hemorrhagic Encephalopathy , J. Neuropath. Exp. Neurol. 8:1, 1949.Crossref 32. Levaditi, C.; Harvier, P., and Nicolau, S.: Étude expérimentale de l'encephalite dite "lethargique," Ann. Inst. Pasteur (Par.) 36:63, 1922. 33. Zinsser, H., and Tang, F.: Further Experiments on the Agent of Herpes , J. Immunol. 17:343, 1929. 34. Andrewes, C. H., and Carmichael, E. A.: A Note on the Presence of Antibodies to Herpes Virus in Post-Encephalitic and Other Sera , Lancet 218:857, 1930.Crossref 35. Burnet, F. M., and Williams, S. W.: Herpes Simplex: A New Point of View , Med. J. Aust. 17:637, 1939. 36. Greenfield, J. G.; Meyer, A.; Norman, R. M.; McMenemey, W. H., and Blackwood, W.: Neuropathology , London, Edward Arnold & Co., 1958, p. 176. 37. Dawson, J. R.: Cellular Inclusions in the Cerebral Lesions of Lethargic Encephalitis , Amer. J. Path. 9:7, 1933. 38. Dawson, J. R.: Cellular Inclusions in the Cerebral Lesions of Epidemic Encephalitis , Arch. Neurol. Psychiat. 31:685, 1934.Crossref 39. Brain, W. R.; Greenfield, J. G., and Russell, D. S.: Subacute Inclusion Encephalitis (Dawson Type) , Brain 71:365, 1948.Crossref 40. Foley, J., and Williams, D.: Inclusion Encephalitis and Its Relation to Subacute Sclerosing Leukoencephalitis: Report of Five Cases , Quart. J. Med. 22:157, 1953. 41. Greenfield, J. G.: Encephalitis and Encephalomyelitis in England and Wales During the Last Decade , Brain 73:141, 1950.Crossref http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Archives of Neurology American Medical Association

Herpes Simplex and Acute Inclusion-Body Encephalitis

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Publisher
American Medical Association
Copyright
Copyright © 1962 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved.
ISSN
0003-9942
eISSN
1538-3687
DOI
10.1001/archneur.1962.04210010051005
Publisher site
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Abstract

Abstract Introduction During the past 5 years we have observed 6 patients with encephalitis in the wards of the Massachusetts General Hospital. Each patient presented a distinctive clinical picture with which our medical staff had not been familiar. Therefore, as might be expected, the disease occasioned considerable difficulty in diagnosis for the reason that in each instance the illness had been acute and without evident cause and had occurred at a time when there was no epidemic of encephalitis. Psychological disturbances were outstanding features during the acute phase of the illness or as major sequelae, a quality which tends to distinguish it clinically from several other types of encephalitis. In some of the patients, serologic tests were adequate to establish the presence of an infection caused by herpes simplex virus; in others, the existence of an "inclusion-body" encephalitis was demonstrated pathologically.Our data provide no clue as to the manner in References 1. Webster, H. D. F.: Eastern Equine Encephalitis in Massachusetts , New Engl. J. Med. 255:267, 1956.Crossref 2. Feemster, R. F.: Eastern Equine Encephalitis in Massachusetts , New Engl. J. Med 257:701, 1957.Crossref 3. Sweet, W. H., and Brownell, G. L.: Localization of Intracranial Lesions by Scanning with Positron-Emitting Arsenic , J.A.M.A. 157:1183, 1955.Crossref 4. Sweet, W. H.; Mealey, J.; Brownell, G. L., and Aronow, S.: Coincidence Scanning with Positron-Emitting Arsenic or Copper in the Diagnosis of Focal Intracranial Disease, to be published. 5. Peyton, W. T.; Moore, G. E.; French, L. A., and Chou, S. N.: Localization of Intracranial Lesions by Radioactive Isotopes , J. Neurosurg. 9:432, 1952.Crossref 6. Dascomb, H. E.; Adair, C. V., and Rogers, N.: Serologic Investigations of Herpes Simplex Virus Infections , J. Lab. Clin. Med. 46:1, 1955. 7. Haymaker, W.: Herpes Simplex Encephalitis in Man—With a Report of Three Cases , J. Neuropath. Exp. Neurol. 8:132, 1949.Crossref 8. Haymaker, W.; Smith, M. G.; Van Bogaert, L., and de Chenar, C.: Pathology of Viral Disease in Man Characterized by Nuclear Inclusions: Viral Encephalitis , Springfield, Ill., Charles C Thomas, Publisher, 1958. 9. Cowdry, E. V.: The Problem of Intranuclear Inclusions in Virus Disease , Arch. Path. 18:527, 1934. 10. Dodge, P. R., and Cure, C. W.: Acute Encephalitis with Intranuclear Cellular Inclusions , New Engl. J. Med. 255:849, 1956.Crossref 11. Zarafonetis, C. J. D.; Smadel, J. E.; Adams, J. W., and Haymaker, W.: Fatal Herpes Simplex Encephalitis , Amer. J. Path. 20:429, 1944. 12. Whitman, L.; Wall, M. J., and Warren, J.: Herpes Simplex Encephalitis: A Report of Two Fatal Cases , J.A.M.A. 131:1408, 1946.Crossref 13. Smith, M. G.; Lennette, E. M., and Reames, H. R.: Isolation of the Virus of Herpes Simplex and the Demonstration of Intranuclear Inclusions in a Case of Acute Encephalitis , Amer. J. Path. 17:55, 1941. 14. Kurtzke, J. F.: Inclusion Body Encephalitis , Neurology 6:371, 1956.Crossref 15. Wildi, E.: Encephalite herpetique du nouveau-né , Rev. Neurol. 84:201, 1951. 16. Afzelius-Alm, L.: Aseptic (Non-Bacterial) Encephalomeningitides in Gothenburg 1932-1950: Clinical and Experimental Investigation with Special Reference to the Viruses of Herpes, Influenza, Mumps and Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis , Acta Med. Scand. 140 ( (Suppl. 263) ), 1951. 17. Armstrong, C.: Herpes Simplex Virus Recovered from the Spinal Fluid of a Suspected Case of Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis , Public Health Rep. 58:16, 1943.Crossref 18. Fisher, J. W., and Patrick, J. W.: The Isolation of Herpes Simplex Virus from a Case of Polioencephalitis , Canad. Med. Ass. J. 57:260, 1947. 19. Ginder, D. R., and Whorton, C. M.: Herpes Simplex Encephalitis , J. Pediat. 39:298, 1951.Crossref 20. Draheim, J. H., and Rodaniche, E.: Herpes Simplex Encephalitis: Report of a Case , Amer. J. Clin. Path. 22:1077, 1952. 21. Hunt, B. P., and Comer, E.: Herpetic Meningo-Encephalitis Accompanying Cutaneous Herpes Simplex , Amer. J. Med. 19:814, 1955.Crossref 22. Weisse, K., and Krucke, W.: Inclusion Body Encephalitides , Deutsch. Med. Wschr. 84:777, 1959Crossref 23. translated in German Medical Monthly , 4:147, 1959 24. Brihaye, J.: Étude des encéphalites herpetiques et des encéphalites necrosantes aigues , Acta Med. Belg. 59:1, 1958. 25. Rose, F. C., and Symonds, C. P.: Persistent Memory Defect Following Encephalitis , Brain 83:195, 1960.Crossref 26. Scoville, W. B.: The Limbic Lobe in Man , J. Neurosurg. 11:64, 1954.Crossref 27. Scoville, W. B., and Milner, B.: Loss of Recent Memory after Bilateral Hippocampal Lesions , J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiat. 20:11, 1957.Crossref 28. Finley, K. H.: Western Equine Encephalitis: Clinical Sequelae , Neurology 8:881, 1958.Crossref 29. Smith, J. E.: St. Louis Encephalitis: Clinical Sequelae , Neurology 8:884, 1958.Crossref 30. Weaver, O. M.; Pieper, S., and Kurland, L.: Japanese Encephalitis: Clinical Sequellae , Neurology 8:888, 1958.Crossref 31. Adams, R. D.; Cammermeyer, J., and Denny-Brown, D.: Acute Necrotizing Hemorrhagic Encephalopathy , J. Neuropath. Exp. Neurol. 8:1, 1949.Crossref 32. Levaditi, C.; Harvier, P., and Nicolau, S.: Étude expérimentale de l'encephalite dite "lethargique," Ann. Inst. Pasteur (Par.) 36:63, 1922. 33. Zinsser, H., and Tang, F.: Further Experiments on the Agent of Herpes , J. Immunol. 17:343, 1929. 34. Andrewes, C. H., and Carmichael, E. A.: A Note on the Presence of Antibodies to Herpes Virus in Post-Encephalitic and Other Sera , Lancet 218:857, 1930.Crossref 35. Burnet, F. M., and Williams, S. W.: Herpes Simplex: A New Point of View , Med. J. Aust. 17:637, 1939. 36. Greenfield, J. G.; Meyer, A.; Norman, R. M.; McMenemey, W. H., and Blackwood, W.: Neuropathology , London, Edward Arnold & Co., 1958, p. 176. 37. Dawson, J. R.: Cellular Inclusions in the Cerebral Lesions of Lethargic Encephalitis , Amer. J. Path. 9:7, 1933. 38. Dawson, J. R.: Cellular Inclusions in the Cerebral Lesions of Epidemic Encephalitis , Arch. Neurol. Psychiat. 31:685, 1934.Crossref 39. Brain, W. R.; Greenfield, J. G., and Russell, D. S.: Subacute Inclusion Encephalitis (Dawson Type) , Brain 71:365, 1948.Crossref 40. Foley, J., and Williams, D.: Inclusion Encephalitis and Its Relation to Subacute Sclerosing Leukoencephalitis: Report of Five Cases , Quart. J. Med. 22:157, 1953. 41. Greenfield, J. G.: Encephalitis and Encephalomyelitis in England and Wales During the Last Decade , Brain 73:141, 1950.Crossref

Journal

Archives of NeurologyAmerican Medical Association

Published: Jul 1, 1962

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