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Gastric Lesions Following Hypothalamic Stimulation: An Experimental Study in Cats

Gastric Lesions Following Hypothalamic Stimulation: An Experimental Study in Cats Abstract Since the first observations made during the last century,28 considerable clinical and experimental evidence has accumulated to support the existence of a relationship between certain intracranial lesions and acute gastrointestional ulcerations and hemorrhages. This evidence was reviewed by Cushing in 1931 in his Balfour Lecture.5 He presented a series of patients with intracranial tumors who postoperatively had either gastrointestinal bleeding or perforation. This report stimulated a number of other clinical studies on patients with various pathological conditions of the brain and concomitant gastrointestinal lesions.11,24,32,37 The neural mechanisms involved in acute gastrointestinal changes have been the subject of investigations since Schiff29 showed in experimental animals that cerebral lesions were associated with gastric ulceration and perforation. This observation was later confirmed by other investigators.14,17,36 However, many of these lesions were not produced by the stereotaxic method, but by direct surgical procedures which caused damage to other References 1. Beattie, J.: The Relation of the Tuber Cinereum to Gastric and Cardiac Functions , Canad. Med. Ass. J. 26:278, 1932. 2. Beattie, J., and Sheehan, D.: The Effects of Hypothalamic Stimulation on Gastric Motility , J. Physiol. (Lond.) 81:218-227, 1934. 3. Beattie, J.; Brow, G. R., and Long, C. N. H.: Physiological and Anatomical Evidence for Existence of Nerve Tracts Connecting Hypothalamus with Spinal Sympathetic Centres , Proc. Roy. Soc. [Biol.] 106:253-275, 1930.Crossref 4. Breckenridge, I. M.; Walton, E. W., and Walker, W. F.: Stress Ulcers in the Stomach , Brit. Med. J. 2:1362-1364, 1959.Crossref 5. Cushing, H.: Peptic Ulcers and the Inter-brain , Surg. Gynec. Obstet. 55:1-34, 1926. 6. Dalgaard, J. B.: Brain Injuries as a Cause of Esophago-Gastro-Duodenal Ulceration: II. Ulcer and Brain; A Postmortem Study , J. Forens. Med. 4:110-127, 1957. 7. Davis, R. A.; Wetzel, N., and Davis, L.: Acute Upper Alimentary Tract Ulceration and Hemorrhage Following Neurosurgical Operations , Surg. Gynec. Obstet. 100:51-58, 1955. 8. Doig, A., and Shafar, J.: Gastric Haemorrhage in Acute Intracranial Vascular Accidents , Quart. J. Med. 25:1-19, 1956. 9. Eliasson, S.; Folkow, B.; Lindgren, P., and Uvnas, B.: Activation of Sympathetic Vasodilator Nerves to the Skeletal Muscles in the Cat by Hypothalamic Stimulation , Acta Physiol. Scand. 23:333-351, 1951.Crossref 10. Folkow, B.: Nervous Control of the Blood Vessels , Physiol. Rev. 35:629-663, 1955. 11. French, J. D.; Porter, R. W.; von Amerongen, F. K., and Raney, R. B.: Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage and Ulceration Associated with Intracranial Lesions , Surgery 32:395-407, 1952. 12. French, J. D.; Porter, R. W.; Cavanaugh, E. B., and Longmire, R. L.: Experimental Observations on "Psychosomatic" Mechanisms: I. Gastrointestinal Disturbances , A.M.A. Arch. Neurol. 72:267-281, 1954. 13. Heslop, T. S.: The Nervous Control of Gastric Secretion: An Experimental Study , Brit. J. Surg. 25:884-899, 1938.Crossref 14. Hoff, E. C., and Sheehan, D.: Experimental Gastric Erosions Following Hypothalamic Lesions in Monkeys , Amer. J. Path. 11:789-802, 1935. 15. Jasper, H. H., and Ajmone-Marsan, C.: A Stereotaxic Atlas of the Diencephalon of the Cat, National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa. 16. Kabat, H.; Magoun, H. W., and Ranson, S. W.: Electrical Stimulation of Points in the Forebrain and Midbrain: The Resultant Alterations in Blood Pressure , A.M.A. Arch. Neurol. 34:931-955, 1935.Crossref 17. Keller, A. D.: Ulceration in the Digestive Tract of the Dog Following Intracranial Procedures , A.M.A. Arch. Path. 21:127-164, 1936. 18. Keller, A. D.: Protection by Peripheral Nerve Section of the Gastrointestinal Tract From Ulceration Following Hypothalamic Lesions , A.M.A. Arch. Path. 21:165-184, 1936. 19. King, A. B., and Reganis, J. C.: Neurogenic Erosions of the Stomach and Esophagus , Ann. Surg. 137:236-244, 1953.Crossref 20. Kurotsu, T.; Takeda, M., and Ban, T.: Studies on the Gastro-Intestinal Motility and Hemorrhage Induced by the Hypothalamic Stimulation of Rabbits , M.J. Osaka University 2:443-466, 1951. 21. Magoun, H. W.; Ranson, S. W., and Hetherington, A.: Descending Connections from the Hypothalamus , A.M.A. Arch. Neurol. 39:1127-1149, 1938.Crossref 22. Maire, F. W., and Patton, H. D.: Neural Structures Involved in the Genesis of "Preoptic Pulmonary Edema," Gastric Erosions and Behavior Changes , Amer. J. Physiol. 184:345-350, 1956. 23. Martin, J., and Schnedorf, J. G.: The Absence of Changes in Gastric Activity and of Gastrointestinal Ulceration Following Hypothalamic Lesions in the Monkey and Also in the Cat , Amer. J. Physiol. 122:81-85, 1938. 24. Masten, M. G., and Bunts, R. C.: Neurogenic Erosions and Perforations of the Stomach and Esophagus in Cerebral Lesions: Report of 6 Cases , A.M.A. Arch. Intern. Med. 54:916-930, 1934.Crossref 25. Nauta, W. J. H.: Hippocampal Projections and Related Neural Pathways to the Mid-Brain in the Cat , Brain 81:319-340, 1958.Crossref 26. Porter, R. W.; Movius, H. J., and French, J. D.: Hypothalamic Influences on Hydrochloric Acid Secretion of the Stomach , Surgery 33:875-880, 1953. 27. Ranson, S. W.; Kabat, H., and Magoun, H. W.: Autonomic Responses to Electrical Stimulation of Hypothalamus, Preoptic Region and Septum , A.M.A. Arch. Neurol. 33:467-477, 1935.Crossref 28. Rokitansky, C.: Handbuch der pathologischen Anatomie , Wien , 3:197, 1842. 29. Schiff, M.: Leçons sur la physiologie de la digestion , Florence, H. Loescher, 1867. 30. Schlumberger, H. G.: Coexistent Gastroduodenal and Cerebral Lesions in Infancy and Childhood , A.M.A. Arch. Path. 52:43-60, 1951. 31. Sheehan, D.: The Hypothalamus and Gastro-Intestinal Regulation , A. Research Nerv. & Ment. Dis. Proc. 20:589-616, 1940. 32. Strassman, G. S.: Relation of Acute Mucosal Hemorrhages and Ulcers of Gastro-Intestinal Tract to Intracranial Lesions , A.M.A. Arch. Neurol. 57:145-160, 1947. 33. Wang, S. C.; Clark, G.; Dey, F. L., and Ranson, S. W.: Further Study of the Gastro-intestinal Motility Following Stimulation of the Hypothalamus , Amer. J. Physiol. 130:81-88, 1940. 34. Wang, S. C., and Ranson, S. W.: Descending Pathways from the Hypothalamus to the Medulla and Spinal Cord: Observations on Blood Pressure and Bladder Responses , J. Comp. Neurol. 71:457-472, 1939. 35. Watson, J. M., and Netsky, M. G.: Ulceration and Malacia of the Upper Alimentary Tract in Neurologic Disorders , A.M.A. Arch. Neurol. 72:426-439, 1954. 36. Watts, J., and Fulton, J.: The Effects of Lesions of the Hypothalamus Upon the Gastro-intestinal Tract and Heart in Monkeys , Ann. Surg. 101:363-372, 1935. 37. Wyatt, J. D., and Khoo, P. N.: Ulcers of the Upper Part of the Gastro-Intestinal Tract Associated With Acute Damage of the Brain , A.M.A. Arch. Path. 47:110-118, 1949. http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Archives of Neurology American Medical Association

Gastric Lesions Following Hypothalamic Stimulation: An Experimental Study in Cats

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Publisher
American Medical Association
Copyright
Copyright © 1961 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved.
ISSN
0003-9942
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1538-3687
DOI
10.1001/archneur.1961.00450090074011
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Abstract

Abstract Since the first observations made during the last century,28 considerable clinical and experimental evidence has accumulated to support the existence of a relationship between certain intracranial lesions and acute gastrointestional ulcerations and hemorrhages. This evidence was reviewed by Cushing in 1931 in his Balfour Lecture.5 He presented a series of patients with intracranial tumors who postoperatively had either gastrointestinal bleeding or perforation. This report stimulated a number of other clinical studies on patients with various pathological conditions of the brain and concomitant gastrointestinal lesions.11,24,32,37 The neural mechanisms involved in acute gastrointestinal changes have been the subject of investigations since Schiff29 showed in experimental animals that cerebral lesions were associated with gastric ulceration and perforation. This observation was later confirmed by other investigators.14,17,36 However, many of these lesions were not produced by the stereotaxic method, but by direct surgical procedures which caused damage to other References 1. Beattie, J.: The Relation of the Tuber Cinereum to Gastric and Cardiac Functions , Canad. Med. Ass. J. 26:278, 1932. 2. Beattie, J., and Sheehan, D.: The Effects of Hypothalamic Stimulation on Gastric Motility , J. Physiol. (Lond.) 81:218-227, 1934. 3. Beattie, J.; Brow, G. R., and Long, C. N. H.: Physiological and Anatomical Evidence for Existence of Nerve Tracts Connecting Hypothalamus with Spinal Sympathetic Centres , Proc. Roy. Soc. [Biol.] 106:253-275, 1930.Crossref 4. Breckenridge, I. M.; Walton, E. W., and Walker, W. F.: Stress Ulcers in the Stomach , Brit. Med. J. 2:1362-1364, 1959.Crossref 5. Cushing, H.: Peptic Ulcers and the Inter-brain , Surg. Gynec. Obstet. 55:1-34, 1926. 6. Dalgaard, J. B.: Brain Injuries as a Cause of Esophago-Gastro-Duodenal Ulceration: II. Ulcer and Brain; A Postmortem Study , J. Forens. Med. 4:110-127, 1957. 7. Davis, R. A.; Wetzel, N., and Davis, L.: Acute Upper Alimentary Tract Ulceration and Hemorrhage Following Neurosurgical Operations , Surg. Gynec. Obstet. 100:51-58, 1955. 8. Doig, A., and Shafar, J.: Gastric Haemorrhage in Acute Intracranial Vascular Accidents , Quart. J. Med. 25:1-19, 1956. 9. Eliasson, S.; Folkow, B.; Lindgren, P., and Uvnas, B.: Activation of Sympathetic Vasodilator Nerves to the Skeletal Muscles in the Cat by Hypothalamic Stimulation , Acta Physiol. Scand. 23:333-351, 1951.Crossref 10. Folkow, B.: Nervous Control of the Blood Vessels , Physiol. Rev. 35:629-663, 1955. 11. French, J. D.; Porter, R. W.; von Amerongen, F. K., and Raney, R. B.: Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage and Ulceration Associated with Intracranial Lesions , Surgery 32:395-407, 1952. 12. French, J. D.; Porter, R. W.; Cavanaugh, E. B., and Longmire, R. L.: Experimental Observations on "Psychosomatic" Mechanisms: I. Gastrointestinal Disturbances , A.M.A. Arch. Neurol. 72:267-281, 1954. 13. Heslop, T. S.: The Nervous Control of Gastric Secretion: An Experimental Study , Brit. J. Surg. 25:884-899, 1938.Crossref 14. Hoff, E. C., and Sheehan, D.: Experimental Gastric Erosions Following Hypothalamic Lesions in Monkeys , Amer. J. Path. 11:789-802, 1935. 15. Jasper, H. H., and Ajmone-Marsan, C.: A Stereotaxic Atlas of the Diencephalon of the Cat, National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa. 16. Kabat, H.; Magoun, H. W., and Ranson, S. W.: Electrical Stimulation of Points in the Forebrain and Midbrain: The Resultant Alterations in Blood Pressure , A.M.A. Arch. Neurol. 34:931-955, 1935.Crossref 17. Keller, A. D.: Ulceration in the Digestive Tract of the Dog Following Intracranial Procedures , A.M.A. Arch. Path. 21:127-164, 1936. 18. Keller, A. D.: Protection by Peripheral Nerve Section of the Gastrointestinal Tract From Ulceration Following Hypothalamic Lesions , A.M.A. Arch. Path. 21:165-184, 1936. 19. King, A. B., and Reganis, J. C.: Neurogenic Erosions of the Stomach and Esophagus , Ann. Surg. 137:236-244, 1953.Crossref 20. Kurotsu, T.; Takeda, M., and Ban, T.: Studies on the Gastro-Intestinal Motility and Hemorrhage Induced by the Hypothalamic Stimulation of Rabbits , M.J. Osaka University 2:443-466, 1951. 21. Magoun, H. W.; Ranson, S. W., and Hetherington, A.: Descending Connections from the Hypothalamus , A.M.A. Arch. Neurol. 39:1127-1149, 1938.Crossref 22. Maire, F. W., and Patton, H. D.: Neural Structures Involved in the Genesis of "Preoptic Pulmonary Edema," Gastric Erosions and Behavior Changes , Amer. J. Physiol. 184:345-350, 1956. 23. Martin, J., and Schnedorf, J. G.: The Absence of Changes in Gastric Activity and of Gastrointestinal Ulceration Following Hypothalamic Lesions in the Monkey and Also in the Cat , Amer. J. Physiol. 122:81-85, 1938. 24. Masten, M. G., and Bunts, R. C.: Neurogenic Erosions and Perforations of the Stomach and Esophagus in Cerebral Lesions: Report of 6 Cases , A.M.A. Arch. Intern. Med. 54:916-930, 1934.Crossref 25. Nauta, W. J. H.: Hippocampal Projections and Related Neural Pathways to the Mid-Brain in the Cat , Brain 81:319-340, 1958.Crossref 26. Porter, R. W.; Movius, H. J., and French, J. D.: Hypothalamic Influences on Hydrochloric Acid Secretion of the Stomach , Surgery 33:875-880, 1953. 27. Ranson, S. W.; Kabat, H., and Magoun, H. W.: Autonomic Responses to Electrical Stimulation of Hypothalamus, Preoptic Region and Septum , A.M.A. Arch. Neurol. 33:467-477, 1935.Crossref 28. Rokitansky, C.: Handbuch der pathologischen Anatomie , Wien , 3:197, 1842. 29. Schiff, M.: Leçons sur la physiologie de la digestion , Florence, H. Loescher, 1867. 30. Schlumberger, H. G.: Coexistent Gastroduodenal and Cerebral Lesions in Infancy and Childhood , A.M.A. Arch. Path. 52:43-60, 1951. 31. Sheehan, D.: The Hypothalamus and Gastro-Intestinal Regulation , A. Research Nerv. & Ment. Dis. Proc. 20:589-616, 1940. 32. Strassman, G. S.: Relation of Acute Mucosal Hemorrhages and Ulcers of Gastro-Intestinal Tract to Intracranial Lesions , A.M.A. Arch. Neurol. 57:145-160, 1947. 33. Wang, S. C.; Clark, G.; Dey, F. L., and Ranson, S. W.: Further Study of the Gastro-intestinal Motility Following Stimulation of the Hypothalamus , Amer. J. Physiol. 130:81-88, 1940. 34. Wang, S. C., and Ranson, S. W.: Descending Pathways from the Hypothalamus to the Medulla and Spinal Cord: Observations on Blood Pressure and Bladder Responses , J. Comp. Neurol. 71:457-472, 1939. 35. Watson, J. M., and Netsky, M. G.: Ulceration and Malacia of the Upper Alimentary Tract in Neurologic Disorders , A.M.A. Arch. Neurol. 72:426-439, 1954. 36. Watts, J., and Fulton, J.: The Effects of Lesions of the Hypothalamus Upon the Gastro-intestinal Tract and Heart in Monkeys , Ann. Surg. 101:363-372, 1935. 37. Wyatt, J. D., and Khoo, P. N.: Ulcers of the Upper Part of the Gastro-Intestinal Tract Associated With Acute Damage of the Brain , A.M.A. Arch. Path. 47:110-118, 1949.

Journal

Archives of Neurology – American Medical Association

Published: Mar 1, 1961

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