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ORIGINAL INVESTIGATION Long-term Effects of a Very Low-Carbohydrate Diet and a Low-Fat Diet on Mood and Cognitive Function Grant D. Brinkworth, PhD; Jonathan D. Buckley, PhD; Manny Noakes, PhD; Peter M. Clifton, PhD; Carlene J. Wilson, PhD Background: Very low-carbohydrate (LC) diets are of- were significant time diet interactions for Spielberger ten used to promote weight loss, but the long-term ef- State Anxiety Inventory, Beck Depression Inventory, and fects on psychological function remain unknown. Profile of Mood States scores for total mood distur- bance, anger-hostility, confusion-bewilderment, and de- Methods: A total of 106 overweight and obese partici- pression-dejection (P .05) as a result of greater im- pants (mean [SE] age, 50.0 [0.8] years; mean [SE] body provements in these psychological mood states for the mass index [calculated as weight in kilograms divided by LF diet compared with the LC diet. Working memory height in meters squared], 33.7 [0.4]) were randomly as- improved by 1 year (P .001 for time), but speed of pro- signed either to an energy-restricted (approximately 1433- cessing remained largely unchanged, with no effect of diet 1672 kcal [to convert to kilojoules, multiply by 4.186]), composition on either cognitive domain. planned isocaloric, very low-carbohydrate, high-fat
JAMA Internal Medicine – American Medical Association
Published: Nov 9, 2009
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