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E. Hilton, E. Hilton, T. Haslett, T. Haslett, Michael Borenstein, Michael Borenstein, V. Tucci, V. Tucci, H. Isenberg, H. Isenberg, C. Singer, C. Singer (1988)
Central catheter infections: single- versus triple-lumen catheters. Influence of guide wires on infection rates when used for replacement of catheters.The American journal of medicine, 84 4
D. Maki, M. Ringer (1991)
Risk factors for infusion-related phlebitis with small peripheral venous catheters. A randomized controlled trial.Annals of internal medicine, 114 10
R. Sanders, G. Sheldon (1976)
Septic complications of total parenteral nutrition. A five year experience.American journal of surgery, 132 2
K. Dietrich, J. Lobas (1988)
Use of a single silastic IV catheter for cystic fibrosis pulmonary exacerbationsPediatric Pulmonology, 4
Shepherd R. Ong TH (1980)
Evaluation of percutaneous inserted peripheral silicone catheters for parenteral nutrition in infants and childrenAust Paediatr, 16
S. Markel, K. Reynen (1990)
Impact on patient care. 2652 PIC catheter days in the alternative setting.Journal of intravenous nursing : the official publication of the Intravenous Nurses Society, 13 6
D. Maki, C. Weise, H. Sarafin (1977)
A semiquantitative culture method for identifying intravenous-catheter-related infection.The New England journal of medicine, 296 23
D. Maki, M. Ringer (1987)
Evaluation of dressing regimens for prevention of infection with peripheral intravenous catheters. Gauze, a transparent polyurethane dressing, and an iodophor-transparent dressing.JAMA, 258 17
Brown Jm (1989)
Peripherally inserted central catheters--use in home care.Journal of intravenous nursing, 12
I. Sanderson, M. Deitel (1973)
Intravenous hyperalimentation without sepsis.Surgery, gynecology & obstetrics, 136 4
Diane Benezra, T. Kiehn, J. Gold, A. Brown, A. Turnbull, D. Armstrong (1988)
Prospective study of infections in indwelling central venous catheters using quantitative blood cultures.The American journal of medicine, 85 4
D. Maki, D. Goldman, F. Rhame (1973)
Infection control in intravenous therapy.Annals of internal medicine, 79 6
H. Richet, B. Hubert, G. Nitemberg, A. Andremont, A. Buu-Hoi, P. Ourbak, C. Galicier, M. Verón, A. Boisivon, A. Bouvier (1990)
Prospective multicenter study of vascular-catheter-related complications and risk factors for positive central-catheter cultures in intensive care unit patientsJournal of Clinical Microbiology, 28
J. Ryan, R. Abel, W. Abbott, C. Hopkins, T. Chesney, R. Colley, K. Phillips, J. Fischer (1974)
Catheter complications in total parenteral nutrition. A prospective study of 200 consecutive patients.The New England journal of medicine, 290 14
Holly Bagnall, Edward Gomperts, James Atkinson (1989)
Continuous infusion of low-dose urokinase in the treatment of central venous catheter thrombosis in infants and children.Pediatrics, 83 6
C. Rutherford (1988)
A study of single lumen peripherally inserted central line catheter dwelling time and complications.Journal of intravenous nursing : the official publication of the Intravenous Nurses Society, 11 3
R. Simon (1986)
Confidence intervals for reporting results of clinical trials.Annals of internal medicine, 105 3
J. Bottino, K. McCredie, D. Groschel, M. Lawson (1979)
Long‐term intravenous therapy with peripherally inserted silicone elastomer central venous catheters in patients with malignant diseasesCancer, 43
D. Giuffrida, C. Bryan-Brown, P. Lumb, K. Kwun, H. Rhoades (1986)
Central vs peripheral venous catheters in critically ill patients.Chest, 90 6
A. Sitges-Serra, P. Puig, E. Jaurrieta, J. Garau, A. Alastrué, A. Sitges-Creus (1980)
Catheter sepsis due to Staphylococcus epidermidis during parenteral nutrition.Surgery, gynecology & obstetrics, 151 4
L. Pemberton, B. Lyman, V. Lander, J. Covinsky (1986)
Sepsis from triple- vs single-lumen catheters during total parenteral nutrition in surgical or critically ill patients.Archives of surgery, 121 5
Robert Zann, J. Shutack, P. Schuler, D. Christie, D. Holsclaw (1985)
Peripherally inserted central venous catheters for treatment of cystic fibrosisPediatric Pulmonology, 1
C. Armstrong, C. Mayhall, Kathy Miller, H. Newsome, H. Sugerman, H. Dalton, G. Hall, Chris Gennings (1986)
Prospective study of catheter replacement and other risk factors for infection of hyperalimentation catheters.The Journal of infectious diseases, 154 5
Goodwin Ml (1989)
The Seldinger method for PICC insertion.Journal of intravenous nursing, 12
R. Shepherd, T. Ong (1980)
Evaluation of percutaneously inserted peripheral silicone catheters for parenteral nutrition in infants and childrenJournal of Paediatrics and Child Health, 16
Ringer M Maki DG (1987)
Evaluation of dressing regimens for prevention of infection with peripheral intravenous cathetersJAMA., 258
Abstract Background: Peripherally inserted central catheterization is a relatively new approach for intravenous therapy in acute-care hospitals. Few studies are available on peripherally inserted central catheters (PICCs) used in adult patients in an acute-care setting. We examine the natural history and outcome of PICC use in our hospital. Methods: A retrospective review was undertaken of all hospitalized patients who had PICCs inserted in an acutecare, metropolitan teaching hospital for any reason from July 1991 through July 1992. Patients who had PICCs inserted, used, and then removed in the same hospitalization were evaluated. Results: A total of 135 PICCs were inserted in 114 patients. Six PICCs (4.4%) were inserted in intensive care unit settings and 129 (95.6%) in general medical or surgical service. The mean duration catheters were in place before removal was 14.1 days. Sixty-three catheters (46.7%) were removed following completion of therapy. The rate of PICC-related infection was 2.2% (three catheters). The occlusion rate was higher for 20-gauge catheters (18.4%) than for 18-gauge catheters (8.2%) (P=.08). When the rate of complications was compared as a function of catheter use (total parenteral nutrition vs any other use), there was no statistically significant difference (P=.12). Overall complications related to catheter insertion and removal were uncommon. Conclusions: Based on our study, we conclude that the PICC provides a reasonable and safe alternative to other centrally placed venous devices. In addition, the convenience of maintaining a PICC compared with peripheral intravenous access makes this an attractive method for in-hospital use.(Arch Intern Med. 1994;154:1833-1837) References 1. Bottino J, Mcredie KB, Groschel DHM, Lawson M. Long term intravenous therapy with peripherally inserted silicone elastomer central venous catheters in patients with malignant diseases . Cancer. 1979;43:1937-1943.Crossref 2. Shepherd R. Ong TH. Evaluation of percutaneous inserted peripheral silicone catheters for parenteral nutrition in infants and children . Aust Paediatr . 1980: 16:181-184. 3. Merkel S, Reynen K. Impact on patient care: 2652 PIC catheter days in the alternative setting . J Intravenous Nurs. 1990;13:347-351. 4. Rutherford C. A study of single lumen peripherally inserted central line catheter dwelling time and complications . J Intravenous Nurs. 1988;11:169-173. 5. Goodwin ML. The Seldinger method for PICC insertion . J Intravenous Nurs. 1989;12:238-243. 6. Simon R. Confidence intervals for reporting results of clinical trials . Ann Intern Med. 1986;105:429-435.Crossref 7. Bagnall HA, Gomperts E, Atkinson JB. Continuous infusion of low dose urokinase in the treatment of central venous catheter thrombosis in infants and children . Pediatrics. 1989:83:963-966. 8. Detrich KA, Lobas JG. Use of a single Silastic IV catheter for cystic fibrosis pulmonary exacerbations . Pediatr Pulmonol. 1988;4:181-184.Crossref 9. Zanni RL, Shutack JG, Schuler PM, Vhristie D, Holsclaw DS Jr. Peripherally inserted central venous catheters for treatment of cystic fibrosis . Pediatr Pulmonol . 1985;1:328-332.Crossref 10. Ryan JA, Abel RM, Abbott WM, et al. Catheter complications in total parenteral nutrition: a prospective study of 200 consecutive patients . N Engl J Med. 1974;290:757-761.Crossref 11. Armstrong CW, Mayhall CG, Miller KB, et al. Prospective study of catheter replacement and other risk factors for infection of hyperalimentation catheters . J Infect Dis. 1986;154:808-816.Crossref 12. Sanderson I, Deitel M. Intravenous hyperalimentation without sepsis . Surg Gynecol Obstet . 1973;136:577-585. 13. Pimberton LB, Lyman B, Lander V, Covinsky J. Sepsis from triple- vs single-lumen catheters during total parenteral nutrition in surgical or critically ill patients . Arch Surg. 1986;121:591-594.Crossref 14. Sanders RA, Sheldon GF. Septic complications of total parenteral nutrition: a five year experience . Am J Surg. 1976;132:214-220.Crossref 15. Richet H, Hubert B, Nitemberg G, et al. Prospective multicenter study of vascular catheter-related complications and risk factors for positive central catheter cultures in intensive care unit patients . J Clin Microbiol. 1990;28:2520-2525. 16. Giuffrida DJ, Bryan-Brown CW, Lump PD, Kwun KB, Rhoades HM. Central vs peripheral venous catheters in critically ill patients . Chest. 1986;90:806-809.Crossref 17. Maki DG, Ringer M. Evaluation of dressing regimens for prevention of infection with peripheral intravenous catheters . JAMA. 1987;258:2396-2403.Crossref 18. Benezra D, Kiehn TE, Gold JW, Brown AF, Turnbull AD, Armstrong D. Prospective studies of infections in indwelling central venous catheters using quantitative blood cultures . Am J Med. 1988;85:495-498.Crossref 19. Hilton E, Haslett TM, Borenstein MT, Tucci V, Isenberg HD, Singer C. Central catheter infections: single- versus triple-lumen catheters: influence of guide wires on infection rates when used for replacement of catheters . Am J Med. 1988;84:667-672.Crossref 20. Sitges-Serra A, Puig P, Jaurrieta E, Garau J, Alastrue A, Sitges-Creus A. Catheter sepsis due to Staphylococcus epidermidis during parenteral nutrition . Surg Gynecol Obstet. 1980;151:481-483. 21. Maki DG, Weise CE, Sarafin HW. A semiquantitative culture method for identifying intravenous: catheter-related infection . N Engl J Med. 1977;296:1305-1309.Crossref 22. Maki DG, Goldmann DA, Rhame FS. Infection control in intravenous therapy . Ann Intern Med. 1973;79:867-887.Crossref 23. Brown JM. Peripherally inserted central catheters: use in home care . J Intravenous Nurs . 1989;12:144-147. 24. Maki DG, Ringer M. Risk factors for infusion-related phlebitis with small peripheral venous catheters: a randomized controlled trial . Ann Intern Med. 1991; 114:845-854.Crossref
Archives of Internal Medicine – American Medical Association
Published: Aug 22, 1994
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