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Cryptosporidiosis: Traveler's Diarrhea in Two Families

Cryptosporidiosis: Traveler's Diarrhea in Two Families Abstract • Intestinal cryptosporidiosis was diagnosed in three infants (aged 6 to 21 months), one child (aged 3 years), and two adult members of two families after their return from travel to the African continent. Examination of stools from all patients revealed acid-fast cryptosporidial oocysts on direct fecal smears stained by the modified cold Kinyoun technique. Five of the six were symptomatic with watery diarrhea, anorexia, and abdominal pain. Elevated anticryptosporidial titers were detected in five patients, two of whom were asymptomatic. Cryptosporidiosis should be included in the differential diagnosis of traveler's diarrhea. (Arch Intern Med 1985;145:70-72) References 1. Tzipori S: Cryptosporidiosis in animals and humans. Microbiol Rev 1983;47:84-96. 2. Navin TR, Juranek DD: Cryptosporidiosis: Clinical, epidemiologic and parasitologic review. Rev Infect Dis 1984;6:313-327.Crossref 3. Current WL, Reese NC, Ernst JV, et al: Human cryptosporidiosis in immunocompetent and immunodeficient persons: Studies of an outbreak and experimental transmission. N Engl J Med 1982;308:1252-1257.Crossref 4. Ma P, Soave R: Three-step stool examination for cryptosporidiosis in ten homosexual men with protracted watery diarrhea. J Infect Dis 1983;147:824-828.Crossref 5. Update: Treatment of cryptosporidiosis in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). MMWR 1984;33:117-119. 6. Soave R, Danner RL, Honig CL, et al: Cryptosporidiosis in homosexual men. Ann Intern Med 1984;100:504-511.Crossref 7. Pitlik SD, Fainstein V, Garza D, et al: Human cryptosporidiosis: Spectrum of disease: Report of six cases and review of the literature. Arch Intern Med 1983;143:2269-2275.Crossref 8. Forgacs P, Tarshis A, Ma P, et al: Intestinal and bronchial cryptosporidiosis in an immunodeficient homosexual man. Ann Intern Med 1983;99:793-794.Crossref 9. Koch KL, Shankey TV, Weinstein GS, et al: Cryptosporidiosis in a patient with hemophilia, common variable hypogammaglobulinemia and the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Ann Intern Med 1983;99:337-340.Crossref 10. Weisburger WR, Hutcheon DF, Yardley JH, et al: Cryptosporidiosis in an immunosuppressed renal transplant recipient with IgA deficiency. Am J Clin Pathol 1979;72:472-478. 11. Lasser KH, Lewin HJ, Ryning FW: Cryptosporidial enteritis in a patient with congenital hypogammaglobulinemia. Hum Pathol 1979;10: 234-240.Crossref 12. Sloper KS, Dourmashkin RR, Bird RB, et al: Chronic malabsorption due to cryptosporidiosis in a child with immunoglobulin deficiency. Gut 1982;23:80-82.Crossref 13. Kocoshis SA, Cibull ML, Davis TE, et al: Intestinal and pulmonary cryptosporidiosis in an infant with severe combined immune deficiency. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 1984;3:149-157.Crossref 14. Stemmerman GN, Hayashi T, Glober GA, et al: Cryptosporidiosis: Report of a fatal case complicated by disseminated toxoplasmosis. Am J Med 1980;69:637-642.Crossref 15. Weinstein L, Edelstein SM, Madana JL, et al: Intestinal cryptosporidiosis complicated by disseminated cytomegalovirus infection. Gastroenterology 1981;81:584-591. 16. Meisel JL, Perera DR, Meligro C, et al: Overwhelming watery diarrhea associated with a Cryptosporidium in an immunosuppressed patient. Gastroenterology 1976;20:1156-1160. 17. Miller RA, Holmberg RE, Clausen CR: Life-threatening diarrhea caused by Cryptosporidium in a child undergoing therapy for acute lymphocytic leukemia. J Pediatr 1983;103:256-259.Crossref 18. Nime FA, Burek JD, Page DL, et al: Acute enterocolitis in a human being infected with the protozoan Cryptosporidium. Gastroenterology 1976;70:592-598. 19. Babb RR, Differding JT, Trollope ML: Cryptosporidia enteritis in a healthy professional athlete. Am J Gastroenterol 1982;77:833-834. 20. Jokipii L, Pohjola S, Jokipii AM: Cryptosporidium: A frequent finding in patients with gastrointestinal symptoms. Lancet 1983;2:358-361.Crossref 21. Henriksen SA, Pohlenz JF: Staining of cryptosporidia by a modified Ziehl-Neelsen technique. Acta Vet Scand 1981;22:594-596. 22. Tzipori S, Smith M, Birch C, et al: Cryptosporidiosis in hospital patients with gastroenteritis. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1983;32:931-934. 23. Mata L, Bolaños H, Pizarro D, et al: Cryptosporidiosis in children from some highland Costa Rican rural and urban areas. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1984;33:24-29. 24. Hojlyng N, Molbak K, Jepsen S, et al: Cryptosporidiosis in Liberian children. Lancet 1984;1:734.Crossref 25. Weikel CS, Guerrant RL: Detection of cryptosporidiosis in northeast Brazil. Clin Res 1984;32:A517. 26. Washington J: Laboratory Procedures in Clinical Microbiology . New York, Springer-Verlag Inc, 1981. 27. Paik G, Suggs MT: Reagents, stains and miscellaneous test procedures , in Lennette EH, Spaulding EH, Truant JP (ed): Manual of Clinical Microbiology : ed 2. Washington, DC, American Society for Microbiology, 1974, pp 930-950. 28. Tzipori S: Prevalence of Cryptosporidium antibodies in ten species of animals. J Clin Microbiol 1981;14:455-456. 29. Angus KW: Cryptosporidiosis in man, domestic animals and birds: A review. J R Soc Med 1983;76:62-70. 30. Tzipori S, Angus KW, Campbell I, et al: Cryptosporidium: Evidence for a single-species genus. Infect Immun 1980;30:884-886. 31. Iseki M: Cryptosporidiumfelis sp n (Protozoa: Eimeriorina) from the domestic cat. Jpn J Parasitol 1979;28:285-307. 32. Campbell I, Tzipori S, Hutchison G, et al: Effect of disinfectants on survival of Cryptosporidium oocysts. Vet Rec 1982;111:414-415.Crossref http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Archives of Internal Medicine American Medical Association

Cryptosporidiosis: Traveler's Diarrhea in Two Families

Archives of Internal Medicine , Volume 145 (1) – Jan 1, 1985

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References (33)

Publisher
American Medical Association
Copyright
Copyright © 1985 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved.
ISSN
0003-9926
eISSN
1538-3679
DOI
10.1001/archinte.1985.00360010090014
Publisher site
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Abstract

Abstract • Intestinal cryptosporidiosis was diagnosed in three infants (aged 6 to 21 months), one child (aged 3 years), and two adult members of two families after their return from travel to the African continent. Examination of stools from all patients revealed acid-fast cryptosporidial oocysts on direct fecal smears stained by the modified cold Kinyoun technique. Five of the six were symptomatic with watery diarrhea, anorexia, and abdominal pain. Elevated anticryptosporidial titers were detected in five patients, two of whom were asymptomatic. Cryptosporidiosis should be included in the differential diagnosis of traveler's diarrhea. (Arch Intern Med 1985;145:70-72) References 1. Tzipori S: Cryptosporidiosis in animals and humans. Microbiol Rev 1983;47:84-96. 2. Navin TR, Juranek DD: Cryptosporidiosis: Clinical, epidemiologic and parasitologic review. Rev Infect Dis 1984;6:313-327.Crossref 3. Current WL, Reese NC, Ernst JV, et al: Human cryptosporidiosis in immunocompetent and immunodeficient persons: Studies of an outbreak and experimental transmission. N Engl J Med 1982;308:1252-1257.Crossref 4. Ma P, Soave R: Three-step stool examination for cryptosporidiosis in ten homosexual men with protracted watery diarrhea. J Infect Dis 1983;147:824-828.Crossref 5. Update: Treatment of cryptosporidiosis in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). MMWR 1984;33:117-119. 6. Soave R, Danner RL, Honig CL, et al: Cryptosporidiosis in homosexual men. Ann Intern Med 1984;100:504-511.Crossref 7. Pitlik SD, Fainstein V, Garza D, et al: Human cryptosporidiosis: Spectrum of disease: Report of six cases and review of the literature. Arch Intern Med 1983;143:2269-2275.Crossref 8. Forgacs P, Tarshis A, Ma P, et al: Intestinal and bronchial cryptosporidiosis in an immunodeficient homosexual man. Ann Intern Med 1983;99:793-794.Crossref 9. Koch KL, Shankey TV, Weinstein GS, et al: Cryptosporidiosis in a patient with hemophilia, common variable hypogammaglobulinemia and the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Ann Intern Med 1983;99:337-340.Crossref 10. Weisburger WR, Hutcheon DF, Yardley JH, et al: Cryptosporidiosis in an immunosuppressed renal transplant recipient with IgA deficiency. Am J Clin Pathol 1979;72:472-478. 11. Lasser KH, Lewin HJ, Ryning FW: Cryptosporidial enteritis in a patient with congenital hypogammaglobulinemia. Hum Pathol 1979;10: 234-240.Crossref 12. Sloper KS, Dourmashkin RR, Bird RB, et al: Chronic malabsorption due to cryptosporidiosis in a child with immunoglobulin deficiency. Gut 1982;23:80-82.Crossref 13. Kocoshis SA, Cibull ML, Davis TE, et al: Intestinal and pulmonary cryptosporidiosis in an infant with severe combined immune deficiency. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 1984;3:149-157.Crossref 14. Stemmerman GN, Hayashi T, Glober GA, et al: Cryptosporidiosis: Report of a fatal case complicated by disseminated toxoplasmosis. Am J Med 1980;69:637-642.Crossref 15. Weinstein L, Edelstein SM, Madana JL, et al: Intestinal cryptosporidiosis complicated by disseminated cytomegalovirus infection. Gastroenterology 1981;81:584-591. 16. Meisel JL, Perera DR, Meligro C, et al: Overwhelming watery diarrhea associated with a Cryptosporidium in an immunosuppressed patient. Gastroenterology 1976;20:1156-1160. 17. Miller RA, Holmberg RE, Clausen CR: Life-threatening diarrhea caused by Cryptosporidium in a child undergoing therapy for acute lymphocytic leukemia. J Pediatr 1983;103:256-259.Crossref 18. Nime FA, Burek JD, Page DL, et al: Acute enterocolitis in a human being infected with the protozoan Cryptosporidium. Gastroenterology 1976;70:592-598. 19. Babb RR, Differding JT, Trollope ML: Cryptosporidia enteritis in a healthy professional athlete. Am J Gastroenterol 1982;77:833-834. 20. Jokipii L, Pohjola S, Jokipii AM: Cryptosporidium: A frequent finding in patients with gastrointestinal symptoms. Lancet 1983;2:358-361.Crossref 21. Henriksen SA, Pohlenz JF: Staining of cryptosporidia by a modified Ziehl-Neelsen technique. Acta Vet Scand 1981;22:594-596. 22. Tzipori S, Smith M, Birch C, et al: Cryptosporidiosis in hospital patients with gastroenteritis. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1983;32:931-934. 23. Mata L, Bolaños H, Pizarro D, et al: Cryptosporidiosis in children from some highland Costa Rican rural and urban areas. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1984;33:24-29. 24. Hojlyng N, Molbak K, Jepsen S, et al: Cryptosporidiosis in Liberian children. Lancet 1984;1:734.Crossref 25. Weikel CS, Guerrant RL: Detection of cryptosporidiosis in northeast Brazil. Clin Res 1984;32:A517. 26. Washington J: Laboratory Procedures in Clinical Microbiology . New York, Springer-Verlag Inc, 1981. 27. Paik G, Suggs MT: Reagents, stains and miscellaneous test procedures , in Lennette EH, Spaulding EH, Truant JP (ed): Manual of Clinical Microbiology : ed 2. Washington, DC, American Society for Microbiology, 1974, pp 930-950. 28. Tzipori S: Prevalence of Cryptosporidium antibodies in ten species of animals. J Clin Microbiol 1981;14:455-456. 29. Angus KW: Cryptosporidiosis in man, domestic animals and birds: A review. J R Soc Med 1983;76:62-70. 30. Tzipori S, Angus KW, Campbell I, et al: Cryptosporidium: Evidence for a single-species genus. Infect Immun 1980;30:884-886. 31. Iseki M: Cryptosporidiumfelis sp n (Protozoa: Eimeriorina) from the domestic cat. Jpn J Parasitol 1979;28:285-307. 32. Campbell I, Tzipori S, Hutchison G, et al: Effect of disinfectants on survival of Cryptosporidium oocysts. Vet Rec 1982;111:414-415.Crossref

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Archives of Internal MedicineAmerican Medical Association

Published: Jan 1, 1985

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