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Treatment of Tachyarrhythmias by Pacing

Treatment of Tachyarrhythmias by Pacing Abstract The present status of the use of electrical pacing to treat tachyarrythmias is reviewed. The pathogenesis of arrythmia formation, methods of pacing, response of specific tachyarrhythmias to pacing and the clinical application of pacing to terminate and suppress tachyarrhythmias are delineated. References 1. Gaskell WH: On the innervation of the heart with special reference to the heart of tortoise. J Physiol 4:43-127, 1884. 2. Pick A, et al: Depression of cardiac pacemakers by premature impulses. Am Heart J 65:49-57, 1951.Crossref 3. Mines GR: On dynamic equilibrium in the heart. J Physiol 46:349-383, 1913. 4. Moe GK, et al: Experimentally induced paroxysmal A-V nodal tachycardia in the dog. Am Heart J 65:87-92, 1963.Crossref 5. Zoll PM, et al: Ventricular fibrillation: Treatment and prevention by external electric currents. N Engl J Med 262:105-112, 1960.Crossref 6. Sowton E, et al: The suppression of arrhythmias by artificial pacemaking. Lancet 2:1098-1100, 1964.Crossref 7. Cohen HE, et al: Treatment of supraventricular tachycardias with catheter and permanent pacemakers. Am J Cardiol 20:735-738, 1967.Crossref 8. Massumi RA, et al: Termination of reciprocating tachycardia by atrial stimulation. Circulation 36:637-643, 1967.Crossref 9. Durrer D, et al: The role of premature beats in the initiation and the termination of supraventricular tachycardia in the Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome. Circulation 36:644-662, 1967.Crossref 10. Haft JI, et al: Termination of atrial flutter by rapid electrical pacing of the atrium. Am J Cardiol 20:239-244, 1967.Crossref 11. Haft JI: Treatment of arrhythmias by intracardiac electrical stimulation. Progr Cardiovasc Dis 16:539-568, 1974.Crossref 12. Sasyniuk BI, Mendez C: A mechanism for re-entry in canine ventricular tissue. Circ Res 28:3-15, 1971.Crossref 13. Moe GK, Mendez C: The physiologic basis of reciprocal rhythm. Progr Cardiovasc Dis 8:461-482, 1966.Crossref 14. Wellens HJ, et al: Electrical stimulation of the heart in patients with ventricular tachycardia. Circulation 46:216-226, 1972.Crossref 15. Hunt NC, et al: Conversion of supraventricular tachycardias with atrial stimulation. Circulation 38:1060-1065, 1968.Crossref 16. Zipes DP: The contribution of artificial pacemaking to understanding the pathogenesis of arrhythmias. Am J Cardiol 28:211-222, 1971.Crossref 17. Short DS: The syndrome of alternating bradycardia and tachycardia. Br Heart J 16:208-214, 1954.Crossref 18. Cheng TO: Transvenous ventricular packing in the treatment of supraventricular tachyarrhythmias alternating with sinus bradycardia and standstill. Am J Cardiol 22:874-879, 1968.Crossref 19. Zipes DP, et al: Artificial atrial and ventricular pacing in the treatment of arrhythmias. Ann Intern Med 70:885-896, 1969.Crossref 20. Han J, et al: Temporal dispersion of recovery of excitability in atrium and ventricle as a function of heart rate. Am Heart J 71:481-487, 1966.Crossref 21. Epstein SE, et al: The early phase of acute myocardial infarction: Pharmacologic aspects of therapy. Ann Intern Med 78:918-936, 1973.Crossref 22. Zipes DP, Knoebel SB: Rapid ratedependent ventricular ectopy: Adverse responses to atropine induced rate increase. Chest 62:255-258, 1972.Crossref 23. Wagner GS, McIntosh HD: The use of drugs in achieving successful DC cardioversion. Progr Cardiovasc Dis 11:431-442, 1969.Crossref 24. Lown B: Electrical reversion of cardiac arrhythmias. Br Heart J 29:469-489, 1967.Crossref 25. Ferrier GR, et al: A cellular mechanism for the generation of ventricular arrhythmias by acetylstrophanthidin. Circ Res 32:600-609, 1963.Crossref 26. Weiner L, Dwyer EM: Electrical induction of atrial fibrillation: An approach to intractable atrial tachycardia. Am J Cardiol 21:731-734, 1968.Crossref 27. Cohen HE, et al: Treatment of refractory supraventricular arrhythmias with induced permanent atrial fibrillation. Am J Cardiol 28:472-474, 1971.Crossref 28. Kastor JA, Leinbach RC: Pacemakers and their arrhythmias. Progr Cardiovasc Dis 13:240-268, 1970.Crossref 29. Zucker IR, et al: A method of permanent transvenous implantation of an atrial electrode. Am Heart J 85:195-198, 1973.Crossref 30. Moss AJ, et al: Permanent pervenous atrial synchronized ventricular pacing. Circulation 48:37-40, 1973.Crossref 31. Kishan Y, Smith RE: Studies in human atrial flutter with the use of proximity electrodes. Circulation 40:513-525,1969.Crossref 32. Furman S: Therapeutic uses of atrial pacing. Am Heart J 86:835-840, 1973.Crossref 33. Cheng TO: Right atrial pacing in treatment of atrial flutter and atrial tachycardia, abstracted. Clin Res 19:307, 1971. 34. Lister JW, et al: Treatment of supraventricular tachycardias by rapid atrial stimulation. Circulation 38:1044-1059, 1968.Crossref 35. Zeft HJ, et al: Right atrial stimulation in the treatment of atrial flutter. Ann Intern Med 70:447-456, 1969.Crossref 36. Gulotta SJ, Aronson AL: Cardioversion of atrial tachycardia and flutter by atrial stimulation. Am J Cardiol 26:262-269, 1970.Crossref 37. Vergara GS, et al: Conversion of supraventricular tachycardias with rapid atrial stimulation. Circulation 46:788-793, 1972.Crossref 38. Rosen KM, et al: Failure of rapid atrial pacing in the conversion of atrial flutter. Am J Cardiol 29:524-531, 1972.Crossref 39. Zipes DP, DeJoseph RL: Dissimilar atrial rhythms in man and dog. Am J Cardiol 32:618-628, 1973.Crossref 40. Moe GK, Abildskov JA: Atrial fibrillation as a self-sustained arrhythmia independent of focal discharge. Am Heart J 58:59-70, 1959.Crossref 41. Goldreyer BN, Bigger JT Jr: Site of re-entry in paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia in man. Circulation 43:15-26, 1971.Crossref 42. Cheng TO: Atrial pacing: Its diagnostic and therapeutic applications. Progr Cardiovasc Dis 14:230-247, 1971.Crossref 43. Cranefield PF: Paired pulse stimulation and postextrasystolic potentiation in the heart. Progr Cardiovasc Dis 8:446-460, 1966.Crossref 44. Ryan GF, et al: Paradoxical use of a demand pacemaker in treatment of supraventricular tachycardia due to the Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome. Circulation 38:1037-1043, 1968.Crossref 45. Preston TA, Kirsh MM: Permanent pacing of the left atrium for treatment of WPW tachycardia. Circulation 42:1073-1077, 1970.Crossref 46. Narula OS: Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome. Circulation 47:872-887, 1973.Crossref 47. Lown B, et al: Ventricular tachyarrhythmias. Circulation 47:1364-1381, 1973.Crossref 48. Johnson RA, et al: Chronic overdrive pacing in the control of refractory ventricular arrhythmias. Ann Intern Med 80:380-383, 1974.Crossref 49. Zipes DP, et al: Treatment of ventricular arrhythmia by permanent atrial pacemaker and cardiac sympathectomy. Ann Intern Med 68:591-597, 1968.Crossref 50. Heiman OF, Helwig J Jr: Suppression of ventricular arrhythmias by transvenous intracardiac pacing. JAMA 195:1150-1153, 1966.Crossref 51. DeFrancis NA, Giordano RP: Permanent epicardial atrial pacing in the treatment of refractory ventricular tachycardia. Am J Cardiol 22:742-745, 1968.Crossref 52. Cohen LS, et al: Recurrent ventricular tachycardia and fibrillation treated with a combination of beta-adrenergic blockade and electrical pacing. Ann Intern Med 66:945-949, 1967.Crossref 53. Friedberg CK, et al: Suppression of refractory recurrent ventricular tachycardia by transvenous rapid cardiac pacing and antiarrhythmic drugs. Am Heart J 79:44-50, 1970.Crossref 54. Hornbaker JH, et al: Permanent pacing in the absence of heart block. Circulation 39:189-195, 1969.Crossref 55. Wellens HJ, et al: Electrical stimulation of the heart in patients with ventricular tachycardia. Circulation 46:216-226, 1972.Crossref 56. Wellens HJ, et al: Further observations on ventricular tachycardia as studied by electrical stimulation of the heart. Circulation 49:647-653, 1974.Crossref 57. Rubenstein JJ, et al: Clinical spectrum of the sick sinus syndrome. Circulation 46:5-13, 1972.Crossref 58. Narula OS: Atrioventricular conduction defects in patients with sinus bradycardia: Analysis by His bundle recordings. Circulation 44:1096-1110, 1971.Crossref 59. Rosen KM, Loeb HS, et al: Cardiac conduction in patients with symptomatic sinus node disease. Circulation 43:836-844, 1971.Crossref http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Archives of Internal Medicine American Medical Association

Treatment of Tachyarrhythmias by Pacing

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References (64)

Publisher
American Medical Association
Copyright
Copyright © 1975 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved.
ISSN
0003-9926
eISSN
1538-3679
DOI
10.1001/archinte.1975.00330080117019
Publisher site
See Article on Publisher Site

Abstract

Abstract The present status of the use of electrical pacing to treat tachyarrythmias is reviewed. The pathogenesis of arrythmia formation, methods of pacing, response of specific tachyarrhythmias to pacing and the clinical application of pacing to terminate and suppress tachyarrhythmias are delineated. References 1. Gaskell WH: On the innervation of the heart with special reference to the heart of tortoise. J Physiol 4:43-127, 1884. 2. Pick A, et al: Depression of cardiac pacemakers by premature impulses. Am Heart J 65:49-57, 1951.Crossref 3. Mines GR: On dynamic equilibrium in the heart. J Physiol 46:349-383, 1913. 4. Moe GK, et al: Experimentally induced paroxysmal A-V nodal tachycardia in the dog. Am Heart J 65:87-92, 1963.Crossref 5. Zoll PM, et al: Ventricular fibrillation: Treatment and prevention by external electric currents. N Engl J Med 262:105-112, 1960.Crossref 6. Sowton E, et al: The suppression of arrhythmias by artificial pacemaking. Lancet 2:1098-1100, 1964.Crossref 7. Cohen HE, et al: Treatment of supraventricular tachycardias with catheter and permanent pacemakers. Am J Cardiol 20:735-738, 1967.Crossref 8. Massumi RA, et al: Termination of reciprocating tachycardia by atrial stimulation. Circulation 36:637-643, 1967.Crossref 9. Durrer D, et al: The role of premature beats in the initiation and the termination of supraventricular tachycardia in the Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome. Circulation 36:644-662, 1967.Crossref 10. Haft JI, et al: Termination of atrial flutter by rapid electrical pacing of the atrium. Am J Cardiol 20:239-244, 1967.Crossref 11. Haft JI: Treatment of arrhythmias by intracardiac electrical stimulation. Progr Cardiovasc Dis 16:539-568, 1974.Crossref 12. Sasyniuk BI, Mendez C: A mechanism for re-entry in canine ventricular tissue. Circ Res 28:3-15, 1971.Crossref 13. Moe GK, Mendez C: The physiologic basis of reciprocal rhythm. Progr Cardiovasc Dis 8:461-482, 1966.Crossref 14. Wellens HJ, et al: Electrical stimulation of the heart in patients with ventricular tachycardia. Circulation 46:216-226, 1972.Crossref 15. Hunt NC, et al: Conversion of supraventricular tachycardias with atrial stimulation. Circulation 38:1060-1065, 1968.Crossref 16. Zipes DP: The contribution of artificial pacemaking to understanding the pathogenesis of arrhythmias. Am J Cardiol 28:211-222, 1971.Crossref 17. Short DS: The syndrome of alternating bradycardia and tachycardia. Br Heart J 16:208-214, 1954.Crossref 18. Cheng TO: Transvenous ventricular packing in the treatment of supraventricular tachyarrhythmias alternating with sinus bradycardia and standstill. Am J Cardiol 22:874-879, 1968.Crossref 19. Zipes DP, et al: Artificial atrial and ventricular pacing in the treatment of arrhythmias. Ann Intern Med 70:885-896, 1969.Crossref 20. Han J, et al: Temporal dispersion of recovery of excitability in atrium and ventricle as a function of heart rate. Am Heart J 71:481-487, 1966.Crossref 21. Epstein SE, et al: The early phase of acute myocardial infarction: Pharmacologic aspects of therapy. Ann Intern Med 78:918-936, 1973.Crossref 22. Zipes DP, Knoebel SB: Rapid ratedependent ventricular ectopy: Adverse responses to atropine induced rate increase. Chest 62:255-258, 1972.Crossref 23. Wagner GS, McIntosh HD: The use of drugs in achieving successful DC cardioversion. Progr Cardiovasc Dis 11:431-442, 1969.Crossref 24. Lown B: Electrical reversion of cardiac arrhythmias. Br Heart J 29:469-489, 1967.Crossref 25. Ferrier GR, et al: A cellular mechanism for the generation of ventricular arrhythmias by acetylstrophanthidin. Circ Res 32:600-609, 1963.Crossref 26. Weiner L, Dwyer EM: Electrical induction of atrial fibrillation: An approach to intractable atrial tachycardia. Am J Cardiol 21:731-734, 1968.Crossref 27. Cohen HE, et al: Treatment of refractory supraventricular arrhythmias with induced permanent atrial fibrillation. Am J Cardiol 28:472-474, 1971.Crossref 28. Kastor JA, Leinbach RC: Pacemakers and their arrhythmias. Progr Cardiovasc Dis 13:240-268, 1970.Crossref 29. Zucker IR, et al: A method of permanent transvenous implantation of an atrial electrode. Am Heart J 85:195-198, 1973.Crossref 30. Moss AJ, et al: Permanent pervenous atrial synchronized ventricular pacing. Circulation 48:37-40, 1973.Crossref 31. Kishan Y, Smith RE: Studies in human atrial flutter with the use of proximity electrodes. Circulation 40:513-525,1969.Crossref 32. Furman S: Therapeutic uses of atrial pacing. Am Heart J 86:835-840, 1973.Crossref 33. Cheng TO: Right atrial pacing in treatment of atrial flutter and atrial tachycardia, abstracted. Clin Res 19:307, 1971. 34. Lister JW, et al: Treatment of supraventricular tachycardias by rapid atrial stimulation. Circulation 38:1044-1059, 1968.Crossref 35. Zeft HJ, et al: Right atrial stimulation in the treatment of atrial flutter. Ann Intern Med 70:447-456, 1969.Crossref 36. Gulotta SJ, Aronson AL: Cardioversion of atrial tachycardia and flutter by atrial stimulation. Am J Cardiol 26:262-269, 1970.Crossref 37. Vergara GS, et al: Conversion of supraventricular tachycardias with rapid atrial stimulation. Circulation 46:788-793, 1972.Crossref 38. Rosen KM, et al: Failure of rapid atrial pacing in the conversion of atrial flutter. Am J Cardiol 29:524-531, 1972.Crossref 39. Zipes DP, DeJoseph RL: Dissimilar atrial rhythms in man and dog. Am J Cardiol 32:618-628, 1973.Crossref 40. Moe GK, Abildskov JA: Atrial fibrillation as a self-sustained arrhythmia independent of focal discharge. Am Heart J 58:59-70, 1959.Crossref 41. Goldreyer BN, Bigger JT Jr: Site of re-entry in paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia in man. Circulation 43:15-26, 1971.Crossref 42. Cheng TO: Atrial pacing: Its diagnostic and therapeutic applications. Progr Cardiovasc Dis 14:230-247, 1971.Crossref 43. Cranefield PF: Paired pulse stimulation and postextrasystolic potentiation in the heart. Progr Cardiovasc Dis 8:446-460, 1966.Crossref 44. Ryan GF, et al: Paradoxical use of a demand pacemaker in treatment of supraventricular tachycardia due to the Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome. Circulation 38:1037-1043, 1968.Crossref 45. Preston TA, Kirsh MM: Permanent pacing of the left atrium for treatment of WPW tachycardia. Circulation 42:1073-1077, 1970.Crossref 46. Narula OS: Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome. Circulation 47:872-887, 1973.Crossref 47. Lown B, et al: Ventricular tachyarrhythmias. Circulation 47:1364-1381, 1973.Crossref 48. Johnson RA, et al: Chronic overdrive pacing in the control of refractory ventricular arrhythmias. Ann Intern Med 80:380-383, 1974.Crossref 49. Zipes DP, et al: Treatment of ventricular arrhythmia by permanent atrial pacemaker and cardiac sympathectomy. Ann Intern Med 68:591-597, 1968.Crossref 50. Heiman OF, Helwig J Jr: Suppression of ventricular arrhythmias by transvenous intracardiac pacing. JAMA 195:1150-1153, 1966.Crossref 51. DeFrancis NA, Giordano RP: Permanent epicardial atrial pacing in the treatment of refractory ventricular tachycardia. Am J Cardiol 22:742-745, 1968.Crossref 52. Cohen LS, et al: Recurrent ventricular tachycardia and fibrillation treated with a combination of beta-adrenergic blockade and electrical pacing. Ann Intern Med 66:945-949, 1967.Crossref 53. Friedberg CK, et al: Suppression of refractory recurrent ventricular tachycardia by transvenous rapid cardiac pacing and antiarrhythmic drugs. Am Heart J 79:44-50, 1970.Crossref 54. Hornbaker JH, et al: Permanent pacing in the absence of heart block. Circulation 39:189-195, 1969.Crossref 55. Wellens HJ, et al: Electrical stimulation of the heart in patients with ventricular tachycardia. Circulation 46:216-226, 1972.Crossref 56. Wellens HJ, et al: Further observations on ventricular tachycardia as studied by electrical stimulation of the heart. Circulation 49:647-653, 1974.Crossref 57. Rubenstein JJ, et al: Clinical spectrum of the sick sinus syndrome. Circulation 46:5-13, 1972.Crossref 58. Narula OS: Atrioventricular conduction defects in patients with sinus bradycardia: Analysis by His bundle recordings. Circulation 44:1096-1110, 1971.Crossref 59. Rosen KM, Loeb HS, et al: Cardiac conduction in patients with symptomatic sinus node disease. Circulation 43:836-844, 1971.Crossref

Journal

Archives of Internal MedicineAmerican Medical Association

Published: Aug 1, 1975

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