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Our Role in the Generation, Modification, and Termination of Life

Our Role in the Generation, Modification, and Termination of Life Abstract Problems concerning the total size and quality of the population are mounting rapidly, and the introduction of many drugs, life-sustaining apparatus, and organ replacements provoke various moral, philosophic, psychological, social, economic, medical, and legal questions. These factors are considered with particular reference to genetic bioengineering, antifertility measures, contributions of amniocentesis, liberalization of abortion policies, organ transplantations, gerontology, suicide, euthanasia, and measures for rapid and efficient utilization of cadaver organs and tissues. Included in this communication also are results from a questionnaire, dealing with several of these problems, submitted to all members of the Association of Professors of Medicine and the Association of American Physicians. In dealing with these major issues, the physician is presented with questions concerning the amount and type of life that should be generated, the extent to which life should be modified, and the extent of efforts in prolonging of terminating life. Control of the Quantity and References 1. Ehrlich, P.R.: The Population Bomb , New York: Ballantine Books, Inc., 1968. 2. Ravenholt, R.T.: AID's Family Planning Strategy , Science 163:124 ( (Jan 10) ) 1969.Crossref 3. Population Program Assistance , Washington, D.C.: Agency for International Development, Sept 1968, pp 1-175. 4. Hardin, G.: The Tragedy of the Commons , Science 162:1243-1248 ( (Dec 13) ) 1968.Crossref 5. Mishell, D.R., et al: Contraception With an Injectable Progestin , Amer J Obstet Gynec 101:1046-1053 ( (Aug 15) ) 1968. 6. Mueller, M.: Oral Contraceptives: Government Supported Programs Are Questioned , Science 163:553-555 ( (Feb 7) ) 1969.Crossref 7. Resolutions (Including Abortion) Adopted by the Governing Council of the American Public Health Association , Amer J Public Health 59:151-157 ( (Jan) ) 1969. 8. Lederberg, J.: Dangers of Reprogramming Cells , Science 158:313 ( (Oct 20) ) 1967.Crossref 9. Nirenberg, M.W.: Will Society Be Prepared? Science 157:633 ( (Aug 11) ) 1967.Crossref 10. Rogers, S., and Pfuderer, P.: Use of Viruses as Carriers of Added Genetic Information , Nature 219:749-751 ( (Aug 17) ) 1968.Crossref 11. Pace, N.R., and Spiegelman, S.: In Vitro Synthesis of an Infectious Mutant RNA With a Normal RNA Replicase , Science 153:64-67 ( (July 1) ) 1966.Crossref 12. Goulian, M., and Kornberg, A.: Enzymatic Synthesis of Circular Replicative Form of Phage X 174 DNA , Proc Nat Acad Sci USA 58:1723-1730 ( (Oct 15) ) 1967.Crossref 13. Lederberg, J.: DNA Breakthrough Points Way to Therapy by Virus , The Washington Post , (Jan 13) , 1968. 14. Lederberg, J.: " Genetics ," in Yearbook of Science in the Future , Chicago: Encyclopaedia Britannica, Inc., 1969, pp 318-321. 15. Neel, J.V.: Thoughts on the Future of Human Genetics , Mad Clin N Amer , to be published. 16. Motulsky, A.G.: Human Genetics, Society and Medicine , J Hered 59:329-336 ( (Nov-Dec) ) 1968. 17. Weiss, M.D.; Ephrussi, B.; and Scaletta, L.J.: Loss of T-Antigen From Somatic Hybrids Between Mouse Cells and SV-40-Transformed Human Cells , Proc Nat Acad Sci USA 59:1132-1135 ( (April 15) ) 1968.Crossref 18. Cohen, A., et al: DNA Isolated From Escherichia coli Minicells Mated With F+ Cells , Proc Nat Acad Sci USA 61:61-68 ( (Sept) ) 1968.Crossref 19. Muller, H.J.: The Guidance of Human Evolution , Perspect Biol Med 3:1-43 ( (Feb) ) 1967. 20. Eastman, N.J.: Induced Abortion and Contraception: A Consideration of Ethical Philosophy in Obstetrics , Obstet Gynec Survey 22:3-11 ( (Feb) ) 1967.Crossref 21. Lederberg, J.: A Geneticist Looks at Contraception and Abortion , Ann Intern Med 67:25-27 ( (Sept) ) 1967.Crossref 22. Hall, R.E.: Therapeutic Abortion, Sterilization and Contraception , Amer J Obstet Gynec 91:518-532 ( (Feb 15) ) 1965. 23. McLane, C.M.: Abortion in the United States , M. S. Calderone (ed.), New York: Paul B. Hoeber, Inc., 1958. 24. British Policy on Therapeutic Abortion: Report of the Royal Medico-Psychological Association, June 1966 , JAMA 199:199-200 ( (Jan 16) ) 1967.Crossref 25. Goldenberg, S.: Citizens Abortion Discussion Group , State of Washington, 1968. 26. Abortion: The Doctor's Dilemma , Mod Med 35:12-32 ( (April 24) ) 1967. 27. Nadler, H.L.: Antenatal Detection of Hereditary Disorders , Pediatrics 42: 912-918 ( (Dec) ) 1968. 28. Nadler, H.L.: Prenatal Detection of Genetic Defects , J Pediat 74:132-143 ( (Jan) ) 1969.Crossref 29. Jacobson, C.B., and Barter, R.H.: Intrauterine Diagnosis and Management of Genetic Defects , Amer J Obstet Gynec 99:796-805 ( (Nov 15) ) 1967. 30. Valenti, C., and Kehaty, T.: Culture of Cells Obtained by Amniocentesis , J Lab Clin Med 73:355-358 ( (Feb) ) 1969. 31. Burnett, R.G., and Anderson, W.R.: The Hazards of Amniocentesis , J Iowa Med Soc 58:130-137 ( (Feb) ) 1968. 32. Danes, B.S., and Bearn, A.G.: A Genetic Cell Marker in Cystic Fibrosis of the Pancreas , Lancet 1:1061-1063 ( (May 18) ) 1968.Crossref 33. Stürup, G.K.: Treatment of Sexual Offenders in Herstedvester, Denmark: The Rapists , Acta Psychiat Scand 44 ( (suppl 204) ):1-62, 1968.Crossref 34. Brill, N.Q., et al: Schizophrenia , Ann Intern Med 70:107-125 ( (Jan) ) 1969.Crossref 35. Nyhan, W.L.: Clinical Features of the Lesch-Nyhan Syndrome: Introduction —Clinical and Genetic Features , Fed Proc 27:1027-1033 ( (July-Aug) ) 1968. 36. Seegmiller, J.E.; Rosenbloom, F.M.; and Kelley, W.N.: Enzyme Defect Associated With a Sex-Linked Human Neurological Disorder and Excessive Purine Synthesis , Science 155:1682-1684 ( (March) ) 1967.Crossref 37. Plotz, C.M., et al: Natural History of Cushing's Syndrome , Amer J Med 13: 597-614 ( (Nov) ) 1952.Crossref 38. Petersen, P.: Psychiatric Disorders in Primary Hyperparathyroidism , J Clin Endocr 28:1491-1495 ( (Oct) ) 1968.Crossref 39. Carson, N.A.J., et al: Homocystinuria: Clinical and Pathological Review of Ten Cases , J Pediat 66:565-583 ( (March) ) 1965.Crossref 40. La Du, B.N.: " Histidinemia ," in Stanbury, J.B.; Wyngaarden, J.B.; and Frederickson, D.S.: The Metabolic Basis of Inherited Disease , New York: McGraw-Hill Book Co., Inc., 1966, pp 366-375. 41. Jervis, G.A.: Phenylpyruvic Oligophrenia (Phenyl Ketonuria) , Res Publ Assoc Res Nerv Ment Dis 33:259-282 ( (Dec 11-12) ) 1953. 42. Mabry, C.C., et al: Maternal Phenylketonuria: A Cause of Mental Retardation in Children Without the Metabolic Defect , New Eng J Med 269:1404-1408 ( (Dec) ) 1963.Crossref 43. Moore, F.D., et al: Cardiac and Other Organ Transplantation: In the Setting of Transplant Science as a National Effort , JAMA 206:2489-2500 ( (Dec 9) ) 1968.Crossref 44. Hill, R.B., et al: Death After Transplantation: An Analysis of 60 Cases , Amer J Med 42:327-334 ( (March) ) 1967.Crossref 45. White, R.J.: " Experimental Transplantation of the Brain in Human Transplantation ," in Rapaport, F., and Dausset, J.: Human Transplantation , New York: Grune & Stratton, Inc., 1968, pp 692-709. 46. Louisell, D.W.: " Transplantation: Existing Legal Constraints ," in Wolstenholme, G.E.W., and O'Connor, M. (eds.): Ciba Foundation Symposium on Ethics in Medical Progress: With Special Reference to Transplantation , Boston: Little, Brown & Co., 1966, pp 78-103. 47. Ethical Guidelines for Organ Transplantation, Judicial Council , JAMA 205: 341-342 ( (Aug 5) ) 1968.Crossref 48. Kimura, J.; Gerber, H.W.; and Mc-Cormick, W.F.: The Isoelectric Encephalogram: Significance in Establishing Death in Patients Maintained on Mechanical Respirators , Arch Intern Med 121:511-517 ( (June) ) 1968.Crossref 49. Alexandre, G.P.J.: " Discussion ," in Wolstenholme, G.E.W., and O'Connor, M. (eds.): Ciba Foundation Symposium on Ethics in Medical Progress: With Special Reference to Transplantation , Boston: Little, Brown & Co., 1966, pp 68-71. 50. A Definition of Irreversible Coma: Report of the Ad Hoc Committee of the Harvard Medical School to Examine the Definition of Brain Death , JAMA 205: 337-340 ( (Aug 5) ) 1968.Crossref 51. Beecher, H.K.: Ethical Problems Created by the Hopelessly Unconscious Patient , New Eng J Med 278:1425-1430 ( (June 27) ) 1968.Crossref 52. Burger, R.E.: Who Cares for the Aged? Saturday Review , (Jan 25) , 1969, pp 14-17. 53. Shock, N.W.: The Physiology of Aging , Sci Amer 206:100-109 ( (Jan) ) 1962.Crossref 54. Solomon, P.: The Burden of Responsibility in Suicide and Homicide , JAMA 199:321-324 ( (Jan 30) ) 1967.Crossref 55. Suicide in the United States, 1950-1964 , publication 1,000, National Center for Health Statistics, series 20, No. 5, Public Health Service, 1967. 56. Blachly, P.H.; Disher, W.; and Roduner, G.: " Suicide by Physicians ," in Bulletin of Suicidology , National Institute of Mental Health, Dec, 1968. 57. Murphy, G.E., and Robins, E.: Social Factors in Suicide , JAMA 199: 303-308 ( (Jan 30) ) 1967.Crossref 58. Fletcher, J.: " Euthanasia: Our Right to Die ," in Morals and Medicine , Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1954, pp 172-210. 59. Bourne, H.R., et al: Noradrenaline, 5-Hydroxytryptamine, and 5-Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid in Hindbrains of Suicidal Patients , Lancet 2:805-808 ( (Oct 12) ) 1968.Crossref 60. Sullivan, J.V.: The Morality of Mercy Killing , Westminster, Md: Newman Press, 1950. 61. Pius XII: The Prolongation of Life , Pope Speaks 4:393-398 ( (No. 4) ) 1958. 62. Williams, G.: The Sanctity of Life and the Criminal Law , London: Faber & Faber, Ltd., 1958. 63. Sadler, A.M., Jr.; Sadler, B.L.; and Stason, E.B.: The Uniform Anatomical Gift Act: A Model for Reform , JAMA 206:2501-2506 ( (Dec 9) ) 1968.Crossref 64. Haller, M.H.: Eugenics , New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 1963. 65. Sadler, A.M., et al: Transplantation: A Case for Consent , New Eng J Med 280:862-867 ( (April 17) ) 1969.Crossref 66. Curran, W.J.: Law-Medicine Notes: the Uniform Anatomical Gift Act , New Eng J Med 280:36-37 ( (Jan 2) ) 1969.Crossref 67. Sadler, A.M., and Sadler, B.L.: Transplantation and the Law: The Need for Organized Sensitivity , Georgetown Law J 57:5-54 ( (Oct) ) 1968. 68. Dukeminier, J., Jr., and Sanders, D.: Organ Transplantation: A Proposal for Routing Salvaging of Cadaver Organs , New Eng J Med 279:419-421 ( (Aug) ) 1968.Crossref http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Archives of Internal Medicine American Medical Association

Our Role in the Generation, Modification, and Termination of Life

Williams, Robert H.
Archives of Internal Medicine , Volume 124 (2) – Aug 1, 1969
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References (76)

Publisher
American Medical Association
Copyright
Copyright © 1969 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved.
ISSN
0003-9926
eISSN
1538-3679
DOI
10.1001/archinte.1969.00300180087017
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Abstract

Abstract Problems concerning the total size and quality of the population are mounting rapidly, and the introduction of many drugs, life-sustaining apparatus, and organ replacements provoke various moral, philosophic, psychological, social, economic, medical, and legal questions. These factors are considered with particular reference to genetic bioengineering, antifertility measures, contributions of amniocentesis, liberalization of abortion policies, organ transplantations, gerontology, suicide, euthanasia, and measures for rapid and efficient utilization of cadaver organs and tissues. Included in this communication also are results from a questionnaire, dealing with several of these problems, submitted to all members of the Association of Professors of Medicine and the Association of American Physicians. In dealing with these major issues, the physician is presented with questions concerning the amount and type of life that should be generated, the extent to which life should be modified, and the extent of efforts in prolonging of terminating life. Control of the Quantity and References 1. Ehrlich, P.R.: The Population Bomb , New York: Ballantine Books, Inc., 1968. 2. Ravenholt, R.T.: AID's Family Planning Strategy , Science 163:124 ( (Jan 10) ) 1969.Crossref 3. Population Program Assistance , Washington, D.C.: Agency for International Development, Sept 1968, pp 1-175. 4. Hardin, G.: The Tragedy of the Commons , Science 162:1243-1248 ( (Dec 13) ) 1968.Crossref 5. Mishell, D.R., et al: Contraception With an Injectable Progestin , Amer J Obstet Gynec 101:1046-1053 ( (Aug 15) ) 1968. 6. Mueller, M.: Oral Contraceptives: Government Supported Programs Are Questioned , Science 163:553-555 ( (Feb 7) ) 1969.Crossref 7. Resolutions (Including Abortion) Adopted by the Governing Council of the American Public Health Association , Amer J Public Health 59:151-157 ( (Jan) ) 1969. 8. Lederberg, J.: Dangers of Reprogramming Cells , Science 158:313 ( (Oct 20) ) 1967.Crossref 9. Nirenberg, M.W.: Will Society Be Prepared? Science 157:633 ( (Aug 11) ) 1967.Crossref 10. Rogers, S., and Pfuderer, P.: Use of Viruses as Carriers of Added Genetic Information , Nature 219:749-751 ( (Aug 17) ) 1968.Crossref 11. Pace, N.R., and Spiegelman, S.: In Vitro Synthesis of an Infectious Mutant RNA With a Normal RNA Replicase , Science 153:64-67 ( (July 1) ) 1966.Crossref 12. Goulian, M., and Kornberg, A.: Enzymatic Synthesis of Circular Replicative Form of Phage X 174 DNA , Proc Nat Acad Sci USA 58:1723-1730 ( (Oct 15) ) 1967.Crossref 13. Lederberg, J.: DNA Breakthrough Points Way to Therapy by Virus , The Washington Post , (Jan 13) , 1968. 14. Lederberg, J.: " Genetics ," in Yearbook of Science in the Future , Chicago: Encyclopaedia Britannica, Inc., 1969, pp 318-321. 15. Neel, J.V.: Thoughts on the Future of Human Genetics , Mad Clin N Amer , to be published. 16. Motulsky, A.G.: Human Genetics, Society and Medicine , J Hered 59:329-336 ( (Nov-Dec) ) 1968. 17. Weiss, M.D.; Ephrussi, B.; and Scaletta, L.J.: Loss of T-Antigen From Somatic Hybrids Between Mouse Cells and SV-40-Transformed Human Cells , Proc Nat Acad Sci USA 59:1132-1135 ( (April 15) ) 1968.Crossref 18. Cohen, A., et al: DNA Isolated From Escherichia coli Minicells Mated With F+ Cells , Proc Nat Acad Sci USA 61:61-68 ( (Sept) ) 1968.Crossref 19. Muller, H.J.: The Guidance of Human Evolution , Perspect Biol Med 3:1-43 ( (Feb) ) 1967. 20. Eastman, N.J.: Induced Abortion and Contraception: A Consideration of Ethical Philosophy in Obstetrics , Obstet Gynec Survey 22:3-11 ( (Feb) ) 1967.Crossref 21. Lederberg, J.: A Geneticist Looks at Contraception and Abortion , Ann Intern Med 67:25-27 ( (Sept) ) 1967.Crossref 22. Hall, R.E.: Therapeutic Abortion, Sterilization and Contraception , Amer J Obstet Gynec 91:518-532 ( (Feb 15) ) 1965. 23. McLane, C.M.: Abortion in the United States , M. S. Calderone (ed.), New York: Paul B. Hoeber, Inc., 1958. 24. British Policy on Therapeutic Abortion: Report of the Royal Medico-Psychological Association, June 1966 , JAMA 199:199-200 ( (Jan 16) ) 1967.Crossref 25. Goldenberg, S.: Citizens Abortion Discussion Group , State of Washington, 1968. 26. Abortion: The Doctor's Dilemma , Mod Med 35:12-32 ( (April 24) ) 1967. 27. Nadler, H.L.: Antenatal Detection of Hereditary Disorders , Pediatrics 42: 912-918 ( (Dec) ) 1968. 28. Nadler, H.L.: Prenatal Detection of Genetic Defects , J Pediat 74:132-143 ( (Jan) ) 1969.Crossref 29. Jacobson, C.B., and Barter, R.H.: Intrauterine Diagnosis and Management of Genetic Defects , Amer J Obstet Gynec 99:796-805 ( (Nov 15) ) 1967. 30. Valenti, C., and Kehaty, T.: Culture of Cells Obtained by Amniocentesis , J Lab Clin Med 73:355-358 ( (Feb) ) 1969. 31. Burnett, R.G., and Anderson, W.R.: The Hazards of Amniocentesis , J Iowa Med Soc 58:130-137 ( (Feb) ) 1968. 32. Danes, B.S., and Bearn, A.G.: A Genetic Cell Marker in Cystic Fibrosis of the Pancreas , Lancet 1:1061-1063 ( (May 18) ) 1968.Crossref 33. Stürup, G.K.: Treatment of Sexual Offenders in Herstedvester, Denmark: The Rapists , Acta Psychiat Scand 44 ( (suppl 204) ):1-62, 1968.Crossref 34. Brill, N.Q., et al: Schizophrenia , Ann Intern Med 70:107-125 ( (Jan) ) 1969.Crossref 35. Nyhan, W.L.: Clinical Features of the Lesch-Nyhan Syndrome: Introduction —Clinical and Genetic Features , Fed Proc 27:1027-1033 ( (July-Aug) ) 1968. 36. Seegmiller, J.E.; Rosenbloom, F.M.; and Kelley, W.N.: Enzyme Defect Associated With a Sex-Linked Human Neurological Disorder and Excessive Purine Synthesis , Science 155:1682-1684 ( (March) ) 1967.Crossref 37. Plotz, C.M., et al: Natural History of Cushing's Syndrome , Amer J Med 13: 597-614 ( (Nov) ) 1952.Crossref 38. Petersen, P.: Psychiatric Disorders in Primary Hyperparathyroidism , J Clin Endocr 28:1491-1495 ( (Oct) ) 1968.Crossref 39. Carson, N.A.J., et al: Homocystinuria: Clinical and Pathological Review of Ten Cases , J Pediat 66:565-583 ( (March) ) 1965.Crossref 40. La Du, B.N.: " Histidinemia ," in Stanbury, J.B.; Wyngaarden, J.B.; and Frederickson, D.S.: The Metabolic Basis of Inherited Disease , New York: McGraw-Hill Book Co., Inc., 1966, pp 366-375. 41. Jervis, G.A.: Phenylpyruvic Oligophrenia (Phenyl Ketonuria) , Res Publ Assoc Res Nerv Ment Dis 33:259-282 ( (Dec 11-12) ) 1953. 42. Mabry, C.C., et al: Maternal Phenylketonuria: A Cause of Mental Retardation in Children Without the Metabolic Defect , New Eng J Med 269:1404-1408 ( (Dec) ) 1963.Crossref 43. Moore, F.D., et al: Cardiac and Other Organ Transplantation: In the Setting of Transplant Science as a National Effort , JAMA 206:2489-2500 ( (Dec 9) ) 1968.Crossref 44. Hill, R.B., et al: Death After Transplantation: An Analysis of 60 Cases , Amer J Med 42:327-334 ( (March) ) 1967.Crossref 45. White, R.J.: " Experimental Transplantation of the Brain in Human Transplantation ," in Rapaport, F., and Dausset, J.: Human Transplantation , New York: Grune & Stratton, Inc., 1968, pp 692-709. 46. Louisell, D.W.: " Transplantation: Existing Legal Constraints ," in Wolstenholme, G.E.W., and O'Connor, M. (eds.): Ciba Foundation Symposium on Ethics in Medical Progress: With Special Reference to Transplantation , Boston: Little, Brown & Co., 1966, pp 78-103. 47. Ethical Guidelines for Organ Transplantation, Judicial Council , JAMA 205: 341-342 ( (Aug 5) ) 1968.Crossref 48. Kimura, J.; Gerber, H.W.; and Mc-Cormick, W.F.: The Isoelectric Encephalogram: Significance in Establishing Death in Patients Maintained on Mechanical Respirators , Arch Intern Med 121:511-517 ( (June) ) 1968.Crossref 49. Alexandre, G.P.J.: " Discussion ," in Wolstenholme, G.E.W., and O'Connor, M. (eds.): Ciba Foundation Symposium on Ethics in Medical Progress: With Special Reference to Transplantation , Boston: Little, Brown & Co., 1966, pp 68-71. 50. A Definition of Irreversible Coma: Report of the Ad Hoc Committee of the Harvard Medical School to Examine the Definition of Brain Death , JAMA 205: 337-340 ( (Aug 5) ) 1968.Crossref 51. Beecher, H.K.: Ethical Problems Created by the Hopelessly Unconscious Patient , New Eng J Med 278:1425-1430 ( (June 27) ) 1968.Crossref 52. Burger, R.E.: Who Cares for the Aged? Saturday Review , (Jan 25) , 1969, pp 14-17. 53. Shock, N.W.: The Physiology of Aging , Sci Amer 206:100-109 ( (Jan) ) 1962.Crossref 54. Solomon, P.: The Burden of Responsibility in Suicide and Homicide , JAMA 199:321-324 ( (Jan 30) ) 1967.Crossref 55. Suicide in the United States, 1950-1964 , publication 1,000, National Center for Health Statistics, series 20, No. 5, Public Health Service, 1967. 56. Blachly, P.H.; Disher, W.; and Roduner, G.: " Suicide by Physicians ," in Bulletin of Suicidology , National Institute of Mental Health, Dec, 1968. 57. Murphy, G.E., and Robins, E.: Social Factors in Suicide , JAMA 199: 303-308 ( (Jan 30) ) 1967.Crossref 58. Fletcher, J.: " Euthanasia: Our Right to Die ," in Morals and Medicine , Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1954, pp 172-210. 59. Bourne, H.R., et al: Noradrenaline, 5-Hydroxytryptamine, and 5-Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid in Hindbrains of Suicidal Patients , Lancet 2:805-808 ( (Oct 12) ) 1968.Crossref 60. Sullivan, J.V.: The Morality of Mercy Killing , Westminster, Md: Newman Press, 1950. 61. Pius XII: The Prolongation of Life , Pope Speaks 4:393-398 ( (No. 4) ) 1958. 62. Williams, G.: The Sanctity of Life and the Criminal Law , London: Faber & Faber, Ltd., 1958. 63. Sadler, A.M., Jr.; Sadler, B.L.; and Stason, E.B.: The Uniform Anatomical Gift Act: A Model for Reform , JAMA 206:2501-2506 ( (Dec 9) ) 1968.Crossref 64. Haller, M.H.: Eugenics , New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 1963. 65. Sadler, A.M., et al: Transplantation: A Case for Consent , New Eng J Med 280:862-867 ( (April 17) ) 1969.Crossref 66. Curran, W.J.: Law-Medicine Notes: the Uniform Anatomical Gift Act , New Eng J Med 280:36-37 ( (Jan 2) ) 1969.Crossref 67. Sadler, A.M., and Sadler, B.L.: Transplantation and the Law: The Need for Organized Sensitivity , Georgetown Law J 57:5-54 ( (Oct) ) 1968. 68. Dukeminier, J., Jr., and Sanders, D.: Organ Transplantation: A Proposal for Routing Salvaging of Cadaver Organs , New Eng J Med 279:419-421 ( (Aug) ) 1968.Crossref

Journal

Archives of Internal Medicine – American Medical Association

Published: Aug 1, 1969

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