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Serotonin and the 5-Hydroxyindole Pathway of Tryptophan Metabolism

Serotonin and the 5-Hydroxyindole Pathway of Tryptophan Metabolism Abstract The presence of a vasopressor factor in clotted defibrinated blood has been known for 90 years. This factor, serotonin, was isolated from blood platelets and identified as 5-hydroxytryptamine in 1948, by Rapport. In 1937, enteramine, a smooth muscle constrictor which was later found to be identical with serotonin, was isolated from intestinal mucosa by Erspamer. He suggested that enteramine was a hormonal substance secreted by the argentaffin cells of the intestine. Intense interest in this entire subject was stimulated by recognition of the disease entity, malignant carcinoidosis. The syndrome is caused by malignant carcinoid tumors (argentaffinomas), which contain large quantities of serotonin. Patients with carcinoidosis have increased amounts of serotonin in the blood and large quantities of 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid, the major metabolite of serotonin, in the urine. The clinical features of the carcinoid syndrome include episodic flushing of the skin, patchy cyanosis, telangiectasia, pellagra-like skin lesions, bronchoconstriction, edema, atypical valvular References 1. Page, I. H.: Serotonin (5-Hydroxytryptamine): The Last 4 Years , Physiol. Rev. 38:277, 1958. 2. Thorson, A. H.: Studies on Carcinoid Disease , Acta med. scandinav. ( (Supp. 334) ) 161:1, 1958. 3. Udenfriend, S.; Titus, E.; Weissbach, H., and Peterson, R. E.: Biogenesis and Metabolism of 5-Hydroxyindole Compounds , J. Biol. Chem. 219:335, 1956. 4. Udenfriend, S.; Weissbach, H., and Bogdanski, D. F.: Increase in Tissue Serotonin Following Administration of Its Precursor 5-Hydroxytryptophan , J. Biol. Chem. 224:803, 1957. 5. Clark, C. T.; Weissbach, H., and Udenfriend, S.: 5-Hydroxytryptophan Decarboxylase: Preparation and Properties , J. Biol. Chem. 210:139, 1954. 6. Sjoerdsma, A.; Smith, T. E.; Stevenson, T. D., and Udenfriend, S.: Metabolism of 5-Hydroxytryptamine (Serotonin) by Monoamine Oxidase , Proc. Soc. Exper. Biol. & Med. 89:36, 1955. 7. Weissbach, H.; Redfield, B. G., and Udenfriend, S.: Soluble Monoamine Oxidase: Its Properties and Actions on Serotonin , J. Biol. Chem. 229: 953, 1957. 8. Davidson, J.; Sjoerdsma, A.; Loomis, L. N., and Udenfriend, S.: Studies with the Serotonin Precursor, 5-Hydroxytryptophan, in Experimental Animals and Man , J. Clin. Invest. 36:1594, 1957. 9. Sjoerdsma, A., and Udenfriend, S.: Studies on Indole Metabolism in Patients with Malignant Carcinoid (Argentaffinoma) , J. Clin. Invest. 34:914, 1955. 10. Udenfriend, S.; Titus, E., and Weissbach, H.: The Identification of 5-Hydroxy-3-Indoleacetic Acid in Normal Urine and a Method for Its Assay , J. Biol. Chem. 216:499, 1955. 11. Mitoma, C.; Weissbach, H., and Udenfriend, S.: 5-Hydroxytryptophan Formation and Tryptophan Metabolism in Chromobacterium Violaceum , Arch. Biochem. & Biophysics 63:122, 1956. 12. Dalgliesh, C. E., and Dutton, R. W.: On the Site of Formation of 5-Hydroxytryptophan , Biochem. J. 65:21P, 1957. 13. Sjoerdsma, A.; Weissbach, H.; Terry, L. L., and Udenfriend, S.: Further Observations on Patients with Malignant Carcinoidosis , Am. J. Med. 23:5, 1957. 14. Freter, K.; Weissbach, H.; Udenfriend, S., and Witkop, B.: Biochemical and Pharmacological Studies with D- and L-5-Hydroxytryptophan , Proc. Soc. Exper. Biol. & Chem. 94:725, 1957. 15. Donaldson, R. M., and Gray, S. J.: The Urinary Excretion of 5-Hydroxyindole-Acetic Acid After the Administration of Serotonin Precursor in Patients with Hepatic Cirrhosis , Gastroenterology 36:7, 1959. 16. Sandler, M., and Snow, P. J.: An Atypical Carcinoid Tumour Secreting 5-Hydroxytryptophan , Lancet 1:137, 1958. 17. Weissbach, H.; Bogdanski, D. F.; Redfield, B. G., and Udenfriend, S.: Studies on the Effect of Vitamin B6 on 5-Hydroxytryptamine (Serotonin) Formation , J. Biol. Chem. 227:617, 1957. 18. Buzard, J. A., and Nytch, P. D.: The Relation of Dietary Pyridoxine to the 5-Hydroxytryptophan Decarboxylase Activity of Rat Kidney , J. Biol. Chem. 229:409, 1957. 19. Davison, A. N., and Sandler, M.: Inhibition of 5-Hydroxytryptophan Decarboxylase by Phenylalanine Metabolites , Nature, London 181:186, 1958. 20. Pare, C. M. B.; Sandler, M., and Stacey, R. S.: 5-Hydroxytryptamine Deficiency in Phenylketonuria , Lancet 2:1099, 1958. 21. Lagunoff, D.; Lam, K. B.; Roeper, E., and Benditt, E. P.: 5-Hydroxytryptamine Formation from 5-Hydroxytryptophan by Mast Cells , Fed. Proc. 16:363, 1957. 22. Sjoerdsma, A.; Waalkes, T. P., and Weissbach, H.: Serotonin and Histamine in Mast Cells , Science 125:1202, 1957.Crossref 23. Erspamer, V.: Observations on the Metabolism of Endogenous 5-Hydroxytryptamine (Enteramine) in the Rat , Experientia 10:471, 1954.Crossref 24. Bogdanski, D. F.; Pletscher, A.; Brodie, B. B., and Udenfriend, S.: Identification and Assay of Serotonin in Brain , J. Pharmacol. & Exper. Therap. 117:82, 1956. 25. Udenfriend, S., and Weissbach, H.: Studies on Serotonin (5-Hydroxytryptamine) in Platelets , Fed. Proc. 13:412, 1954. 26. Parratt, J. R., and West, G. B.: 5-Hydroxytryptamine and Tissue Mast Cells , J. Physiol. 137: 169, 1957. 27. Erspamer, V.: Pharmacology of Indolalkylamines , Pharmacol. Rev. 6:425, 1954. 28. Born, G. V. R.; Ingram, G. I. C., and Stacey, R. S.: The Proportionality Between the Amounts of 5-Hydroxytryptamine and Adenosine Triphosphate in Blood Platelets , J. Physiol. 135:630, 1957. 29. Waalkes, T. P.; Weissbach, H.; Bozicevich, J., and Udenfriend, S.: Serotonin and Histamine Release During Anaphylaxis in the Rabbit , J. Clin. Invest. 36:1115, 1957. 30. Shore, P. A.; Silver, S. L., and Brodie, B. B.: Interaction of Reserpine, Serotonin, and Lysergic Acid Diethylamide in Brain , Science 122: 284, 1955. 31. Bülbring, E., and Lin, R. C. Y.: The Effect of Intraluminal Application of 5-Hydroxytryptamine and 5-Hydroxytryptophan on Peristalsis: The Local Production of 5-HT and Its Release in Relation to Intraluminal Pressure and Propulsive Activity , J. Physiol. 140:381, 1958. 32. Hendrix, T. R.; Atkinson, M.; Clifton, J. A., and Ingelfinger, F. J.: The Effect of 5-Hydroxytryptamine on Intestinal Motor Function in Man , Am. J. Med. 23:886, 1957. 33. Haverback, B. J., and Davidson, J. D.: Serotonin and the Gastrointestinal Tract , Gastroenterology 35:570, 1958. 34. Olson, T., and Gray, S. J.: Serotonin and Gastroenterology , Am. J. Gastroenterol. 29:280, 1958. 35. Twarog, B. M., and Page, I. H.: Serotonin Content of Some Mammalian Tissues and Urine and Method for Its Determination , Am. J. Physiol. 175:157, 1953. 36. Brodie, B. B.: Storage and Release of 5-Hydroxytryptamine—Possible Significance in Chemical Mediation in Brain, in 5-Hydroxytryptamine , edited by G. Lewis, New York, Pergamon Press, Inc., 1958, p. 64. 37. Banerjee, S., and Agarwal, P. S.: Tryptophan-Nicotinic Acid Metabolism in Schizophrenia , Proc. Soc. Exper. Biol. & Med. 97:657, 1958. 38. Feldstein, A.; Hoagland, H., and Freeman, H.: On the Relationship of Serotonin to Schizophrenia , Science 128:358, 1958. 39. Weissbach, H.; Waalkes, T. P., and Udenfriend, S.: Presence of Serotonin in Lung and Its Implications in the Anaphylactic Reaction , Science 125:235, 1957. 40. Fiore-Donati, L., and Erspamer, V.: Studies on the Nephrotoxicity of 5-Hydroxytryptamine (Enteramine) in the Rat , Am. J. Path. 33:895, 1957. 41. Michelson, A. L.; Hollander, W., and Lowell, F. C.: The Effect of 5-Hydroxytryptamine (Serotonin) on the Respiration of Nonasthmatic and Asthmatic Subjects , J. Lab. & Clin. Med. 51:57, 1958. 42. MacDonald, R. A.; Robbins, S. L., and Mallory, G. K.: Dermal Fibrosis Following Subcutaneous Injections of Serotonin Creatinine Sulphate , Proc. Soc. Exper. Biol. & Med. 97:334, 1958. 43. Davison, A. N.: Physiological Role of Monoamine Oxidase , Physiol. Rev. 38:729, 1958. 44. McKusick, V. A.: Carcinoid Cardiovascular Disease , Bull. Johns Hopkins Hosp. 98:13, 1956. 45. Sjoerdsma, A.; Gillespie, L., Jr., and Udenfriend, S. A Simple Method for the Measurement of Monoamine-Oxidase Inhibition in Man , Lancet 2:159, 1958. 46. Sjoerdsma, A.; Weissbach, H., and Udenfriend, S.: Simple Test for Diagnosis of Metastatic Carcinoid (Argentaffinoma) , J. A. M. A. 159:397, 1955. 47. Kowlessarn, O. D.; Williams, R. C.; Law, D. H., and Sleisenger, M. H.: Urinary Excretion of 5-Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid in Diarrheal States, with Special Reference to Nontropical Sprue , New England J. Med. 259:340, 1958. 48. Waalkes, T. P.; Sjoerdsma, A.; Creveling, C. R.; Weissbach, H., and Udenfriend, S.: Serotonin, Norepinephrine, and Related Compounds in Bananas , Science 127:648, 1958. 49. Anderson, J. A.; Ziegler, M. R., and Doeden, D.: Banana Feeding and Urinary Excretion of 5-Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid , Science 127:236, 1958. 50. Todrick, A.; Dick, M., and Tait, A. C.: Effect of Reserpine in Therapeutic Dosage on Excretion of 5-Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid , Brit. M. J. 1:496, 1958. 51. Borges, F., and Bessman, S. P.: Urinary Excretion of 5-Hydroxyindole Acetic Acid, A Serotonin Metabolite, in Hypertensive Renal-Vascular Disease , Proc. Soc. Exper. Biol. & Med. 93: 513, 1956. 52. Bessman, S. P.; Merlis, J. K., and Borges, F.: Effect of 5-Hydroxytryptophan upon Electroencephalogram in Hepatic Coma , Proc. Soc. Exper. Biol. & Med. 95:502, 1957. 53. Ross, G.; Weinstein, I. B., and Kabakow, B.: The Influence of Phenothiazine and Some of Its Derivatives on the Determination of 5-Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid in Urine , Clin. Chem. 4:66, 1958. 54. Chadwick, B. T., and Wilkinson, J. H.: The Formation of 5-Hydroxytryptamine-o-Sulphate by Rat-Liver Homogenates , Biochem. J. 68:1P, 1958. 55. Weissbach, H.; Redfield, B. G., and Udenfriend, S.: Serotonin-o-Glucuronide: An Alternate Route of Serotonin Metabolism , Fed. Proc. 17:418, 1958. 56. Donaldson, R. M.; Arabehety, J., and Gray, S. J.: In Vivo Studies of 5-Hydroxyindole Metabolism in Hepatic Cirrhosis and in Rats, to be published. 57. McIsaac, W., and Page, I. H.: New Metabolites of Serotonin in Carcinoid Urine , Science 128: 537, 1957. 58. Porter, C. C.; Titus, D. C.; Sanders, B. E., and Smith, E. V. C.: Oxidation of Serotonin in the Presence of Ceruloplasm , Science 126:1014, 1957. http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png A.M.A. Archives of Internal Medicine American Medical Association

Serotonin and the 5-Hydroxyindole Pathway of Tryptophan Metabolism

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References (59)

Publisher
American Medical Association
Copyright
Copyright © 1959 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved.
ISSN
0888-2479
DOI
10.1001/archinte.1959.00270080156022
Publisher site
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Abstract

Abstract The presence of a vasopressor factor in clotted defibrinated blood has been known for 90 years. This factor, serotonin, was isolated from blood platelets and identified as 5-hydroxytryptamine in 1948, by Rapport. In 1937, enteramine, a smooth muscle constrictor which was later found to be identical with serotonin, was isolated from intestinal mucosa by Erspamer. He suggested that enteramine was a hormonal substance secreted by the argentaffin cells of the intestine. Intense interest in this entire subject was stimulated by recognition of the disease entity, malignant carcinoidosis. The syndrome is caused by malignant carcinoid tumors (argentaffinomas), which contain large quantities of serotonin. Patients with carcinoidosis have increased amounts of serotonin in the blood and large quantities of 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid, the major metabolite of serotonin, in the urine. The clinical features of the carcinoid syndrome include episodic flushing of the skin, patchy cyanosis, telangiectasia, pellagra-like skin lesions, bronchoconstriction, edema, atypical valvular References 1. Page, I. H.: Serotonin (5-Hydroxytryptamine): The Last 4 Years , Physiol. Rev. 38:277, 1958. 2. Thorson, A. H.: Studies on Carcinoid Disease , Acta med. scandinav. ( (Supp. 334) ) 161:1, 1958. 3. Udenfriend, S.; Titus, E.; Weissbach, H., and Peterson, R. E.: Biogenesis and Metabolism of 5-Hydroxyindole Compounds , J. Biol. Chem. 219:335, 1956. 4. Udenfriend, S.; Weissbach, H., and Bogdanski, D. F.: Increase in Tissue Serotonin Following Administration of Its Precursor 5-Hydroxytryptophan , J. Biol. Chem. 224:803, 1957. 5. Clark, C. T.; Weissbach, H., and Udenfriend, S.: 5-Hydroxytryptophan Decarboxylase: Preparation and Properties , J. Biol. Chem. 210:139, 1954. 6. Sjoerdsma, A.; Smith, T. E.; Stevenson, T. D., and Udenfriend, S.: Metabolism of 5-Hydroxytryptamine (Serotonin) by Monoamine Oxidase , Proc. Soc. Exper. Biol. & Med. 89:36, 1955. 7. Weissbach, H.; Redfield, B. G., and Udenfriend, S.: Soluble Monoamine Oxidase: Its Properties and Actions on Serotonin , J. Biol. Chem. 229: 953, 1957. 8. Davidson, J.; Sjoerdsma, A.; Loomis, L. N., and Udenfriend, S.: Studies with the Serotonin Precursor, 5-Hydroxytryptophan, in Experimental Animals and Man , J. Clin. Invest. 36:1594, 1957. 9. Sjoerdsma, A., and Udenfriend, S.: Studies on Indole Metabolism in Patients with Malignant Carcinoid (Argentaffinoma) , J. Clin. Invest. 34:914, 1955. 10. Udenfriend, S.; Titus, E., and Weissbach, H.: The Identification of 5-Hydroxy-3-Indoleacetic Acid in Normal Urine and a Method for Its Assay , J. Biol. Chem. 216:499, 1955. 11. Mitoma, C.; Weissbach, H., and Udenfriend, S.: 5-Hydroxytryptophan Formation and Tryptophan Metabolism in Chromobacterium Violaceum , Arch. Biochem. & Biophysics 63:122, 1956. 12. Dalgliesh, C. E., and Dutton, R. W.: On the Site of Formation of 5-Hydroxytryptophan , Biochem. J. 65:21P, 1957. 13. Sjoerdsma, A.; Weissbach, H.; Terry, L. L., and Udenfriend, S.: Further Observations on Patients with Malignant Carcinoidosis , Am. J. Med. 23:5, 1957. 14. Freter, K.; Weissbach, H.; Udenfriend, S., and Witkop, B.: Biochemical and Pharmacological Studies with D- and L-5-Hydroxytryptophan , Proc. Soc. Exper. Biol. & Chem. 94:725, 1957. 15. Donaldson, R. M., and Gray, S. J.: The Urinary Excretion of 5-Hydroxyindole-Acetic Acid After the Administration of Serotonin Precursor in Patients with Hepatic Cirrhosis , Gastroenterology 36:7, 1959. 16. Sandler, M., and Snow, P. J.: An Atypical Carcinoid Tumour Secreting 5-Hydroxytryptophan , Lancet 1:137, 1958. 17. Weissbach, H.; Bogdanski, D. F.; Redfield, B. G., and Udenfriend, S.: Studies on the Effect of Vitamin B6 on 5-Hydroxytryptamine (Serotonin) Formation , J. Biol. Chem. 227:617, 1957. 18. Buzard, J. A., and Nytch, P. D.: The Relation of Dietary Pyridoxine to the 5-Hydroxytryptophan Decarboxylase Activity of Rat Kidney , J. Biol. Chem. 229:409, 1957. 19. Davison, A. N., and Sandler, M.: Inhibition of 5-Hydroxytryptophan Decarboxylase by Phenylalanine Metabolites , Nature, London 181:186, 1958. 20. Pare, C. M. B.; Sandler, M., and Stacey, R. S.: 5-Hydroxytryptamine Deficiency in Phenylketonuria , Lancet 2:1099, 1958. 21. Lagunoff, D.; Lam, K. B.; Roeper, E., and Benditt, E. P.: 5-Hydroxytryptamine Formation from 5-Hydroxytryptophan by Mast Cells , Fed. Proc. 16:363, 1957. 22. Sjoerdsma, A.; Waalkes, T. P., and Weissbach, H.: Serotonin and Histamine in Mast Cells , Science 125:1202, 1957.Crossref 23. Erspamer, V.: Observations on the Metabolism of Endogenous 5-Hydroxytryptamine (Enteramine) in the Rat , Experientia 10:471, 1954.Crossref 24. Bogdanski, D. F.; Pletscher, A.; Brodie, B. B., and Udenfriend, S.: Identification and Assay of Serotonin in Brain , J. Pharmacol. & Exper. Therap. 117:82, 1956. 25. Udenfriend, S., and Weissbach, H.: Studies on Serotonin (5-Hydroxytryptamine) in Platelets , Fed. Proc. 13:412, 1954. 26. Parratt, J. R., and West, G. B.: 5-Hydroxytryptamine and Tissue Mast Cells , J. Physiol. 137: 169, 1957. 27. Erspamer, V.: Pharmacology of Indolalkylamines , Pharmacol. Rev. 6:425, 1954. 28. Born, G. V. R.; Ingram, G. I. C., and Stacey, R. S.: The Proportionality Between the Amounts of 5-Hydroxytryptamine and Adenosine Triphosphate in Blood Platelets , J. Physiol. 135:630, 1957. 29. Waalkes, T. P.; Weissbach, H.; Bozicevich, J., and Udenfriend, S.: Serotonin and Histamine Release During Anaphylaxis in the Rabbit , J. Clin. Invest. 36:1115, 1957. 30. Shore, P. A.; Silver, S. L., and Brodie, B. B.: Interaction of Reserpine, Serotonin, and Lysergic Acid Diethylamide in Brain , Science 122: 284, 1955. 31. Bülbring, E., and Lin, R. C. Y.: The Effect of Intraluminal Application of 5-Hydroxytryptamine and 5-Hydroxytryptophan on Peristalsis: The Local Production of 5-HT and Its Release in Relation to Intraluminal Pressure and Propulsive Activity , J. Physiol. 140:381, 1958. 32. Hendrix, T. R.; Atkinson, M.; Clifton, J. A., and Ingelfinger, F. J.: The Effect of 5-Hydroxytryptamine on Intestinal Motor Function in Man , Am. J. Med. 23:886, 1957. 33. Haverback, B. J., and Davidson, J. D.: Serotonin and the Gastrointestinal Tract , Gastroenterology 35:570, 1958. 34. Olson, T., and Gray, S. J.: Serotonin and Gastroenterology , Am. J. Gastroenterol. 29:280, 1958. 35. Twarog, B. M., and Page, I. H.: Serotonin Content of Some Mammalian Tissues and Urine and Method for Its Determination , Am. J. Physiol. 175:157, 1953. 36. Brodie, B. B.: Storage and Release of 5-Hydroxytryptamine—Possible Significance in Chemical Mediation in Brain, in 5-Hydroxytryptamine , edited by G. Lewis, New York, Pergamon Press, Inc., 1958, p. 64. 37. Banerjee, S., and Agarwal, P. S.: Tryptophan-Nicotinic Acid Metabolism in Schizophrenia , Proc. Soc. Exper. Biol. & Med. 97:657, 1958. 38. Feldstein, A.; Hoagland, H., and Freeman, H.: On the Relationship of Serotonin to Schizophrenia , Science 128:358, 1958. 39. Weissbach, H.; Waalkes, T. P., and Udenfriend, S.: Presence of Serotonin in Lung and Its Implications in the Anaphylactic Reaction , Science 125:235, 1957. 40. Fiore-Donati, L., and Erspamer, V.: Studies on the Nephrotoxicity of 5-Hydroxytryptamine (Enteramine) in the Rat , Am. J. Path. 33:895, 1957. 41. Michelson, A. L.; Hollander, W., and Lowell, F. C.: The Effect of 5-Hydroxytryptamine (Serotonin) on the Respiration of Nonasthmatic and Asthmatic Subjects , J. Lab. & Clin. Med. 51:57, 1958. 42. MacDonald, R. A.; Robbins, S. L., and Mallory, G. K.: Dermal Fibrosis Following Subcutaneous Injections of Serotonin Creatinine Sulphate , Proc. Soc. Exper. Biol. & Med. 97:334, 1958. 43. Davison, A. N.: Physiological Role of Monoamine Oxidase , Physiol. Rev. 38:729, 1958. 44. McKusick, V. A.: Carcinoid Cardiovascular Disease , Bull. Johns Hopkins Hosp. 98:13, 1956. 45. Sjoerdsma, A.; Gillespie, L., Jr., and Udenfriend, S. A Simple Method for the Measurement of Monoamine-Oxidase Inhibition in Man , Lancet 2:159, 1958. 46. Sjoerdsma, A.; Weissbach, H., and Udenfriend, S.: Simple Test for Diagnosis of Metastatic Carcinoid (Argentaffinoma) , J. A. M. A. 159:397, 1955. 47. Kowlessarn, O. D.; Williams, R. C.; Law, D. H., and Sleisenger, M. H.: Urinary Excretion of 5-Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid in Diarrheal States, with Special Reference to Nontropical Sprue , New England J. Med. 259:340, 1958. 48. Waalkes, T. P.; Sjoerdsma, A.; Creveling, C. R.; Weissbach, H., and Udenfriend, S.: Serotonin, Norepinephrine, and Related Compounds in Bananas , Science 127:648, 1958. 49. Anderson, J. A.; Ziegler, M. R., and Doeden, D.: Banana Feeding and Urinary Excretion of 5-Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid , Science 127:236, 1958. 50. Todrick, A.; Dick, M., and Tait, A. C.: Effect of Reserpine in Therapeutic Dosage on Excretion of 5-Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid , Brit. M. J. 1:496, 1958. 51. Borges, F., and Bessman, S. P.: Urinary Excretion of 5-Hydroxyindole Acetic Acid, A Serotonin Metabolite, in Hypertensive Renal-Vascular Disease , Proc. Soc. Exper. Biol. & Med. 93: 513, 1956. 52. Bessman, S. P.; Merlis, J. K., and Borges, F.: Effect of 5-Hydroxytryptophan upon Electroencephalogram in Hepatic Coma , Proc. Soc. Exper. Biol. & Med. 95:502, 1957. 53. Ross, G.; Weinstein, I. B., and Kabakow, B.: The Influence of Phenothiazine and Some of Its Derivatives on the Determination of 5-Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid in Urine , Clin. Chem. 4:66, 1958. 54. Chadwick, B. T., and Wilkinson, J. H.: The Formation of 5-Hydroxytryptamine-o-Sulphate by Rat-Liver Homogenates , Biochem. J. 68:1P, 1958. 55. Weissbach, H.; Redfield, B. G., and Udenfriend, S.: Serotonin-o-Glucuronide: An Alternate Route of Serotonin Metabolism , Fed. Proc. 17:418, 1958. 56. Donaldson, R. M.; Arabehety, J., and Gray, S. J.: In Vivo Studies of 5-Hydroxyindole Metabolism in Hepatic Cirrhosis and in Rats, to be published. 57. McIsaac, W., and Page, I. H.: New Metabolites of Serotonin in Carcinoid Urine , Science 128: 537, 1957. 58. Porter, C. C.; Titus, D. C.; Sanders, B. E., and Smith, E. V. C.: Oxidation of Serotonin in the Presence of Ceruloplasm , Science 126:1014, 1957.

Journal

A.M.A. Archives of Internal MedicineAmerican Medical Association

Published: Aug 1, 1959

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