Get 20M+ Full-Text Papers For Less Than $1.50/day. Start a 14-Day Trial for You or Your Team.

Learn More →

EPINEPHRINE IN OIL: A NEW, SLOWLY ABSORBED EPINEPHRINE PREPARATION

EPINEPHRINE IN OIL: A NEW, SLOWLY ABSORBED EPINEPHRINE PREPARATION Abstract Interest in compounds that produce a rise in blood pressure was aroused by Oliver and Schäfer1 in 1894, when they found that extracts of the adrenal gland when injected intravenously into animals produced a rise in blood pressure. Intensive study of the gland was begun by Abel,2 von Fürth3 and Takamine.4 It remained for Aldrich5 to demonstrate the true formula for epinephrine, although the value of Abel's contributions is well recognized by the scientific world and it is he who is generally accorded the credit for the first isolation of the principle. This principle he named "epinephrin," while von Fürth and Takamine, respectively, suggested the names "suprarenine" and "adrenalin." Since the isolation of epinephrine, investigators have attempted to produce more active compounds with more prolonged effectiveness by modifying the structure of the molecule. Although a few changes have resulted in more active preparations, these, in References 1. Oliver, G., and Schäfer, E. A.: On the Physiologic Action of Extract of the Suprarenal Glands , J. Physiol. 16:1P, 1894. 2. Abel, J. J., and Crawford, A. G.: On the Blood-Pressure-Raising Constituent of the Suprarenal Capsule , Bull. Johns Hopkins Hosp. 8:151, 1897. 3. Abel, J. J.: Further Observations on the Chemical Nature of the Active Principle of the Suprarenal Capsule , Bull. Johns Hopkins Hosp. 9:215, 1898. 4. von Fürth, O.: Neuere Untersuchungen über die chemische Zusammensetzung der gefässverengernden Substanz in den Nebennieren , Biochem. Centralbl. 2:1, 1903. 5. Takamine, J.: The Blood-Pressure Raising Principle of the Suprarenal Gland , J. A. M. A. 38:153 ( (Jan. 18) ) 1902.Crossref 6. Aldrich, T. B.: A Preliminary Report on the Active Principle of the Suprarenal Gland , Am. J. Physiol. 5:457, 1901. 7. Sollmann, T.: A Manual of Pharmacology , ed. 5, Philadelphia, W. B. Saunders Company, 1936. 8. Keeney, E. L.: A Slowly Absorbed Epinephrine Preparation: Preliminary Report , Bull. Johns Hopkins Hosp. 62:227, 1938. 9. Strauch, C. B.: Repository Injections: How To Obtain Lasting Effects with Injected Water-Soluble Medicaments Such as Insulin and Epinephrine , J. A. M. A. 92:1177 ( (April 6) ) 1929.Crossref 10. Binet, L.: Absorption of Oil Injected Subcutaneously , Bull. et mém. Soc. méd. d. hôp. de Paris 49:1458, 1925. 11. Schick, B.; Fries, M.; Kohn, J., and Cohen, P.: Observations of the Nutritional Effect of Subcutaneous Oil Injections , Proc. Soc. Exper. Biol. & Med. 21:445, 1924. 12. Recently we found that epinephrine in oil can be sterilized by being placed in an autoclave for fifteen minutes at 15 pounds (6.8 Kg.) of pressure. Although the heat changes the color of the epinephrine powder from white or buff to light tan, there is no appreciable change in the physiologic activity and clinical effectiveness of the preparation. 13. Folin, O.: Micro-Sugar Determination , New England J. Med. 206:727, 1932. 14. Hamman, L., and Hirschman, I. I.: Studies on Blood Sugar , Arch. Int. Med. 20:761 ( (Nov.) ) 1917. 15. Gjertz, A.: The Capillary-Venous Blood Sugar Difference in Adrenaline Tests , Acta med. Scandinav. 88:464, 1936. 16. Clough, P. W.: A Study of the Cardiovascular Reaction to Epinephrine , Bull. Johns Hopkins Hosp. 31:266, 1920. 17. Lyon, D. M.: The Reaction to Adrenalin in Man , Quart. J. Med. 17:19, 1923. http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Archives of Internal Medicine American Medical Association

EPINEPHRINE IN OIL: A NEW, SLOWLY ABSORBED EPINEPHRINE PREPARATION

Loading next page...
 
/lp/american-medical-association/epinephrine-in-oil-a-new-slowly-absorbed-epinephrine-preparation-KDjHkMaA48

References (18)

Publisher
American Medical Association
Copyright
Copyright © 1939 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved.
ISSN
0730-188X
DOI
10.1001/archinte.1939.00180180129009
Publisher site
See Article on Publisher Site

Abstract

Abstract Interest in compounds that produce a rise in blood pressure was aroused by Oliver and Schäfer1 in 1894, when they found that extracts of the adrenal gland when injected intravenously into animals produced a rise in blood pressure. Intensive study of the gland was begun by Abel,2 von Fürth3 and Takamine.4 It remained for Aldrich5 to demonstrate the true formula for epinephrine, although the value of Abel's contributions is well recognized by the scientific world and it is he who is generally accorded the credit for the first isolation of the principle. This principle he named "epinephrin," while von Fürth and Takamine, respectively, suggested the names "suprarenine" and "adrenalin." Since the isolation of epinephrine, investigators have attempted to produce more active compounds with more prolonged effectiveness by modifying the structure of the molecule. Although a few changes have resulted in more active preparations, these, in References 1. Oliver, G., and Schäfer, E. A.: On the Physiologic Action of Extract of the Suprarenal Glands , J. Physiol. 16:1P, 1894. 2. Abel, J. J., and Crawford, A. G.: On the Blood-Pressure-Raising Constituent of the Suprarenal Capsule , Bull. Johns Hopkins Hosp. 8:151, 1897. 3. Abel, J. J.: Further Observations on the Chemical Nature of the Active Principle of the Suprarenal Capsule , Bull. Johns Hopkins Hosp. 9:215, 1898. 4. von Fürth, O.: Neuere Untersuchungen über die chemische Zusammensetzung der gefässverengernden Substanz in den Nebennieren , Biochem. Centralbl. 2:1, 1903. 5. Takamine, J.: The Blood-Pressure Raising Principle of the Suprarenal Gland , J. A. M. A. 38:153 ( (Jan. 18) ) 1902.Crossref 6. Aldrich, T. B.: A Preliminary Report on the Active Principle of the Suprarenal Gland , Am. J. Physiol. 5:457, 1901. 7. Sollmann, T.: A Manual of Pharmacology , ed. 5, Philadelphia, W. B. Saunders Company, 1936. 8. Keeney, E. L.: A Slowly Absorbed Epinephrine Preparation: Preliminary Report , Bull. Johns Hopkins Hosp. 62:227, 1938. 9. Strauch, C. B.: Repository Injections: How To Obtain Lasting Effects with Injected Water-Soluble Medicaments Such as Insulin and Epinephrine , J. A. M. A. 92:1177 ( (April 6) ) 1929.Crossref 10. Binet, L.: Absorption of Oil Injected Subcutaneously , Bull. et mém. Soc. méd. d. hôp. de Paris 49:1458, 1925. 11. Schick, B.; Fries, M.; Kohn, J., and Cohen, P.: Observations of the Nutritional Effect of Subcutaneous Oil Injections , Proc. Soc. Exper. Biol. & Med. 21:445, 1924. 12. Recently we found that epinephrine in oil can be sterilized by being placed in an autoclave for fifteen minutes at 15 pounds (6.8 Kg.) of pressure. Although the heat changes the color of the epinephrine powder from white or buff to light tan, there is no appreciable change in the physiologic activity and clinical effectiveness of the preparation. 13. Folin, O.: Micro-Sugar Determination , New England J. Med. 206:727, 1932. 14. Hamman, L., and Hirschman, I. I.: Studies on Blood Sugar , Arch. Int. Med. 20:761 ( (Nov.) ) 1917. 15. Gjertz, A.: The Capillary-Venous Blood Sugar Difference in Adrenaline Tests , Acta med. Scandinav. 88:464, 1936. 16. Clough, P. W.: A Study of the Cardiovascular Reaction to Epinephrine , Bull. Johns Hopkins Hosp. 31:266, 1920. 17. Lyon, D. M.: The Reaction to Adrenalin in Man , Quart. J. Med. 17:19, 1923.

Journal

Archives of Internal MedicineAmerican Medical Association

Published: Jan 1, 1939

There are no references for this article.