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ORIGINAL ARTICLE Midlife vs Late-Life Depressive Symptoms and Risk of Dementia Differential Effects for Alzheimer Disease and Vascular Dementia Deborah E. Barnes, PhD, MPH; Kristine Yaffe, MD; Amy L. Byers, PhD, MPH; Mark McCormick, MD; Catherine Schaefer, MD; Rachel A. Whitmer, PhD Context: Depression and dementia are common in older Results: Subjects had a mean (SD) age of 81.1 (4.5) years adults and often co-occur, but it is unclear whether de- in 2003, 57.9% were women, and 24.2% were non- pression is an etiologic risk factor for dementia. white. Depressive symptoms were present in 14.1% of subjects in midlife only, 9.2% in late life only, and 4.2% Objective: To clarify the timing and nature of the as- in both. During 6 years of follow-up, 22.5% were diag- sociation between depression and dementia. nosed with dementia (5.5% with AD and 2.3% with VaD). The adjusted hazard of dementia was increased by ap- Design: We examined depressive symptoms assessed in proximately 20% for midlife depressive symptoms only midlife (1964-1973) and late life (1994-2000) and the risks (hazard ratio, 1.19 [95% CI, 1.07-1.32]), 70% for late- of dementia, Alzheimer disease (AD), and vascular demen- life symptoms only (1.72 [1.54-1.92]), and 80% for
JAMA Psychiatry – American Medical Association
Published: May 1, 2012
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