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Coccidioidomycosis—Arizona, 1990-1995

Coccidioidomycosis—Arizona, 1990-1995 Abstract Coccidioidomycosis is a systemic infection caused by the inhalation of airborne arthroconidia from Coccidioides immitis, a soil-dwelling fungus found in the southwestern United States, parts of Mexico, and Central and South America.1 Clinical manifestations occur in approximately 40% of infected persons and may include mild influenza-like illness; severe pneumonia; and rarely, disseminated disease and death.2 During 1990-1995, the number of reported cases of coccidioidomycosis in Arizona increased by 144%. To characterize trends in and the impact of coccidioidomycosis in Arizona, the Arizona Department of Health Services (ADHS) analyzed surveillance, death-certificate, and hospital discharge data. This report summarizes the findings, which indicate that, during 1990-1995, coccidioidomycosis in Arizona disproportionately affected persons aged greater than or equal to 65 years and persons with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Surveillance. Surveillance data were compiled from the ADHS' General Communicable Disease Reporting System. In 1994, ADHS adopted the surveillance case definition for References 1. The laboratory criteria for diagnosis are cultural, histopathologic, or molecular evidence of the presence of C. immitis; a positive serologic test for coccidioidal antibodies in serum or cerebrospinal fluid by 1) detection of coccidioidal immunoglobulin M by immunodiffusion, enzyme immunoassay (EIA) latex agglutination, or tube precipitin or 2) detection of rising titer of coccidioidal immunoglobulin G by immunodiffusion, EIA, or complement fixation; or a coccidioidal skin test conversion from negative to positive after the onset ofN clinical signs and symptoms. 2. Pappagianis D. Epidemiology of coccidioidomycosis . In: McGinnis M, ed. Current topics in medical mycology . Vol 2. New York, New York: Springer Verlag, 1988:199-238. 3. Drutz DJ, Catanzaro A. Coccidioidomycosis . Am Rev Respir Dis 1978;117:559-85,727-71. 4. Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists. Case definitions for public health surveillance . Presented at the Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists National Surveillance Conference, Atlanta, Georgia, November 30-December 2, 1994 . 5. Hajjeh R, Schneider E, Spiegel R, et al. An outbreak of coccidioidomycosis in Ventura County, California, following the Northridge Earthquake [Abstract no. J185]. Presented at the 34th Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy. Orlando, Florida, October 1994 . 6. Ampel NM, Dols CL, Galgiani JN. Coccidioidomycosis during human immunodeficiency virus infection: results of a prospective study in a coccidioidal endemic area . Am J Med 1993;94:235-40.Crossref 7. Singh VR, Smith DK, Lawrence J, et al. Coccidioidomycosis in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus: review of 91 cases at a single institution . Clin Infect Dis 1996;23: 563-8.Crossref 8. Jones JL, Fleming PL, Ciesielski CA, Hu DJ, Kaplan JE, Ward JW. Coccidioidomycosis among persons with AIDS in the United States . J Infect Dis 1995;171:961-6.Crossref 9. CDC. Update: coccidioidomycosis—California, 1991-1993 . MMWR 1994;43:421-3. http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Archives of Dermatology American Medical Association

Coccidioidomycosis—Arizona, 1990-1995

Archives of Dermatology , Volume 133 (3) – Mar 1, 1997
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References (10)

Publisher
American Medical Association
Copyright
Copyright © 1997 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved.
ISSN
0003-987X
eISSN
1538-3652
DOI
10.1001/archderm.1997.03890390147034
Publisher site
See Article on Publisher Site

Abstract

Abstract Coccidioidomycosis is a systemic infection caused by the inhalation of airborne arthroconidia from Coccidioides immitis, a soil-dwelling fungus found in the southwestern United States, parts of Mexico, and Central and South America.1 Clinical manifestations occur in approximately 40% of infected persons and may include mild influenza-like illness; severe pneumonia; and rarely, disseminated disease and death.2 During 1990-1995, the number of reported cases of coccidioidomycosis in Arizona increased by 144%. To characterize trends in and the impact of coccidioidomycosis in Arizona, the Arizona Department of Health Services (ADHS) analyzed surveillance, death-certificate, and hospital discharge data. This report summarizes the findings, which indicate that, during 1990-1995, coccidioidomycosis in Arizona disproportionately affected persons aged greater than or equal to 65 years and persons with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Surveillance. Surveillance data were compiled from the ADHS' General Communicable Disease Reporting System. In 1994, ADHS adopted the surveillance case definition for References 1. The laboratory criteria for diagnosis are cultural, histopathologic, or molecular evidence of the presence of C. immitis; a positive serologic test for coccidioidal antibodies in serum or cerebrospinal fluid by 1) detection of coccidioidal immunoglobulin M by immunodiffusion, enzyme immunoassay (EIA) latex agglutination, or tube precipitin or 2) detection of rising titer of coccidioidal immunoglobulin G by immunodiffusion, EIA, or complement fixation; or a coccidioidal skin test conversion from negative to positive after the onset ofN clinical signs and symptoms. 2. Pappagianis D. Epidemiology of coccidioidomycosis . In: McGinnis M, ed. Current topics in medical mycology . Vol 2. New York, New York: Springer Verlag, 1988:199-238. 3. Drutz DJ, Catanzaro A. Coccidioidomycosis . Am Rev Respir Dis 1978;117:559-85,727-71. 4. Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists. Case definitions for public health surveillance . Presented at the Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists National Surveillance Conference, Atlanta, Georgia, November 30-December 2, 1994 . 5. Hajjeh R, Schneider E, Spiegel R, et al. An outbreak of coccidioidomycosis in Ventura County, California, following the Northridge Earthquake [Abstract no. J185]. Presented at the 34th Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy. Orlando, Florida, October 1994 . 6. Ampel NM, Dols CL, Galgiani JN. Coccidioidomycosis during human immunodeficiency virus infection: results of a prospective study in a coccidioidal endemic area . Am J Med 1993;94:235-40.Crossref 7. Singh VR, Smith DK, Lawrence J, et al. Coccidioidomycosis in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus: review of 91 cases at a single institution . Clin Infect Dis 1996;23: 563-8.Crossref 8. Jones JL, Fleming PL, Ciesielski CA, Hu DJ, Kaplan JE, Ward JW. Coccidioidomycosis among persons with AIDS in the United States . J Infect Dis 1995;171:961-6.Crossref 9. CDC. Update: coccidioidomycosis—California, 1991-1993 . MMWR 1994;43:421-3.

Journal

Archives of Dermatology – American Medical Association

Published: Mar 1, 1997

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