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Immunologic Responses in Patients With Lepromatous Leprosy

Immunologic Responses in Patients With Lepromatous Leprosy Abstract • Immunologic responses were measured in 46 patients with lepromatous leprosy. These patients were not distinguishable from controls on the basis of responses to soluble intradermal antigens, sensitization to contactants, peripheral blood T- and B-cell percentages, in vitro lymphocyte responses to a mitogen, or the prevalence of autoantibodies. Generalized immunologic abnormalities in patients with lepromatous leprosy are neither predisposing causes nor necessary accompaniments of lepromatous leprosy, but are probably remote sequellae of the illness. By implication, the generalized immunologic abnormalities reported in other diseases are likely to be remote sequellae of the particular illness. (Arch Dermatol 112:791-800, 1976) References 1. Wager 0: Immunological aspects of leprosy with special reference to autoimmune disease . Bull WHO 41:793-804, 1969. 2. Turk JL, Bryceson ADM: Immunological phenomena in leprosy and related diseases . Adv Immunol 13:209-266, 1971. 3. Abe M, Allison AC, Bechelli LM, et al: Immunological problems in leprosy research . Bull WHO 48:345-354 and 483-494, 1973. 4. Fernandez JMM: Leprosy and tuberculosis . Arch Dermatol 75:101-106, 1957.Crossref 5. Guinto RS, Mabalay MC: A note on the tuberculin reaction in leprosy . Int J Lepr 30:278-283, 1962. 6. Buck AA, Hasenclever HF: The influence of leprosy on delayed-type skin reactions and serum agglutination titers to candida albicans . Am J Hyg 77:305-316, 1963. 7. Waldorf DS, Sheagren JN, Trautman JR, et al: Impaired delayed hypersensitivity in patients with lepromatous leprosy . Lancet 2:773-776, 1966.Crossref 8. Bullock WE: Studies of immune mechanisms in leprosy: I. Depression of delayed allergic responses to skin test antigens . N Engl J Med 278:298-304, 1968.Crossref 9. Guinto RS: Biology of the mycobacterioses: Skin tests in leprosy . Ann NY Acad Sci 154:149-156, 1968.Crossref 10. Convit J, Pinardi ME, Rojas FA: Some considerations regarding the immunology of leprosy . Int J Lepr 39:556-564, 1971. 11. Katz SI, De Betz BH, Zaias N: Production of macrophage inhibitory factor by patients with leprosy . Arch Dermatol 103:358-361, 1971.Crossref 12. Saha K, Mittal MM: A study of cell mediated immunity in leprosy: Changing trends in the immunological spectrum of the disease . Clin Exp Immunol 8:901-909, 1971. 13. Salazar-Mallen M, Zamora AC, Montes JM, et al: Estudios sobre la inmunidad de la lepra . Alergia 18:185-191, 1971. 14. Turk JL, Waters MFR: Immunological significance of changes in lymph nodes across the leprosy spectrum . Clin Exp Immunol 8:363-376, 1971. 15. Talwar GP, Krishnan AD, Mehra VL: Evaluation of cell-mediated immune responses in untreated cases of leprosy . Clin Exp Immunol 12:195-203, 1972. 16. Myrvang B, Godal T, Ridley DS, et al: Immune responsiveness to Mycobacterium leprae and other mycobacterial antigens throughout the clinical and histopathological spectrum of leprosy . Clin Exp Immunol 14:541-553, 1973. 17. Mendes E, Raphael A, Mota NGS: Cell-mediated immunity in leprosy and transfer of delayed hypersensitivity reactions . J Allerg Clin Immunol 53:223-229, 1974.Crossref 18. Turk JL, Waters MFR: Cell-mediated immunity in patients with leprosy . Lancet 2:243-246, 1969.Crossref 19. Han SH, Weiser RS, Kau ST: Prolonged survival of skin allografts in leprosy patients . Int J Lepr 39:1-6, 1971. 20. Sheagren JN, Block JB, Trautman JR, et al: Immunologic reactivity in patients with leprosy . Ann Intern Med 70:295-302, 1969.Crossref 21. Bullock WE, Fasal P: Studies of immune mechanisms in leprosy: III. The role of cellular and humoral factors in impairment of the in vitro immune response . J Immunol 106:888-899, 1971. 22. Godal T, Myklestad B, Samuel DR, et al: Characterization of the cellular immune defect in lepromatous leprosy: A specific lack of circulating Mycobacterium leprae-reacting lymphocytes . Clin Exp Immunol 9:821-831, 1971. 23. Han SH, Weiser RS, Lin YC: Transformation of leprous lymphocytes by leprolin, tuberculin, and phytohemagglutinin . Int J Lepr 39:789-795, 1971. 24. Dierks RE, Shepard CC: Effect of phytohemagglutinin and various mycobacterial antigens on lymphocyte cultures from leprosy patients . Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 127:391-395, 1968.Crossref 25. Paradisi ER, de Boneparte YP, Morgenfeld MC: Blasts in lepromatous leprosy . Lancet 1:308-309, 1968.Crossref 26. Nelson DS, Nelson M, Thurston JM, et al: Phytohemagglutinin-induced lymphocyte transformation in leprosy . Clin Exp Immunol 9:33-43, 1971. 27. Wong PC, Chan-Teah CH, Wu S, et al: Transformation of lymphocytes by phytohemagglutinin in leprosy sera . Int J Lepr 39:7-13, 1971. 28. Mehra VL, Talwar GP, Balakrishnan K, et al: Influence of chemotherapy and serum factors on the mitogenic responses of peripheral leucocytes of leprosy patients to phytohemagglutinin . Clin Exp Immunol 12:205-213, 1972. 29. Ulrich M, de Salas B, Convit J: Lymphocyte transformation with phytomitogens in leprosy . Int J Lepr 40:4-9, 1972. 30. Balina LM, Fliess EL, Bachmann A, et al: Similar alterations of lymphoblastic dedifferentiation in lepromatous patients and their healthy lepromin-negative consanguineous offspring . Int J Lepr 41:7-13, 1973. 31. Dwyer JM, Bullock WE, Fields JP: Disturbance of the blood T:B lymphocyte ratio in lepromatous leprosy: Clinical and immunologic correlations . N Engl J Med 288:1036-1039, 1973.Crossref 32. Gajl-Peczalska KJ, Lim SD, Jacobson RR, et al: B-lymphocytes in lepromatous leprosy . N Engl J Med 288:1033-1035, 1973.Crossref 33. Lim SD, Kiszkiss DF, Jacobson RR, et al: Thymus-dependent lymphocytes of peripheral blood in leprosy patients . Infect Immun 9:394-399, 1974. 34. Mendes NF, Kopersztych S, Mota GS: T- and B-lymphocytes in patients with lepromatous leprosy . Clin Exp Immunol 16:23-30, 1974. 35. Nath I, Curtis J, Bhutani LK, et al: Reduction of a subpopulation of T-lymphocytes in lepromatous leprosy . Clin Exp Immunol 18:81-87, 1974. 36. Cathcart ES, Williams RC, Ross H, et al: The relationship of the latex fixation test to the clinical and serologic manifestations of leprosy . Am J Med 31:758-765, 1961.Crossref 37. Bonomo L, Tursi A, Trimigliozzi G, et al: L.E. cells and antinuclear factors . Br Med J 2:689-690, 1965.Crossref 38. Matthews LJ, Trautman JR: Clinical and serological profiles in leprosy . Lancet 2:915-918, 1965.Crossref 39. Abe M, Chinone S, Hirako T: Rheumatoid-factor-like substance and antistreptolysin 0 antibody in leprosy serum . Int J Lepr 35:336-344, 1967. 40. Bonomo L, Dammacco F: Protein changes and immunity in some chronic infectious diseases , in Chini V, Bonomo L, Sirtori C (eds): Proceedings of the International Symposium on Gammopathies: Infections, Cancer, and Immunity . Milan, Carlo Erba Foundation, 1968, pp 12-24. 41. Bonomo L, Dammacco F: Immune-complex cryoglobulinemia in lepromatous leprosy: A pathogenetic approach to some clinical features of leprosy . Clin Exp Immunol 9:175-181, 1971. 42. Malaviya AN, Pasricha A, Paricha JS, et al: Significance of serologic abnormalities in lepromatous leprosy . Int J Lepr 40:361-365, 1972. 43. Saha K, Mittal MM: Immunologic aspects of lepromatous leprosy with special reference to the study of antibodies . Int J Lepr 40:260-264, 1972. 44. Petchclai B, Chuthanondh R, Rungruong S, et al: Autoantibodies in leprosy among Thai patients . Lancet 1:1481-1482, 1973.Crossref 45. Wright DJM: Autoantibodies in leprosy . Lancet 2:40, 1973.Crossref 46. Wall JR, Wright DJM: Antibodies against testicular germinal cells in lepromatous leprosy . Clin Exp Immunol 17:51-59, 1974. 47. Shepard CC: Immunologic suppression in leprosy and its relation to lepromatous disease, editorial . Int J Lepr 36:87-90, 1968. 48. Transfer factor and leprosy, editorial . N Engl J Med 278:333-334, 1968.Crossref 49. Cellular immunity in infectious diseases, editorial . Lancet 2:253-255, 1969. 50. Lawrence HS: Immunotherapy with transfer factor . N Engl J Med 287:1092-1094, 1972.Crossref 51. Waksman BH: The early immune response to Mycobacterium lepraemurium in inbred mice and rats . Clin Immunol Immunopathol 2:82-97,' 1973.Crossref 52. Kantor FS: Infection, anergy and cell-mediated immunity . N Engl J Med 292:629-634, 1975.Crossref 53. Ridley DS, Jopling WH: Classification of leprosy according to immunity: A five-group system . Int J Lepr 34:255-273, 1966. 54. Ridley DS, Waters MFR: Significance of variations within the lepromatous group . Lepr Rev 40:143-152, 1969. 55. Nalick RH, DiSaia PJ, Rea TH, et al: Immunologic response in gynecologic malignancy as demonstrated by the delayed hypersensitivity reaction: Clinical correlations . Am J Obstet Gynecol 118:393-405, 1974. 56. Yu DTY, Peter JB, Paulus HE, et al: Human lymphocyte subpopulations: Study of T and B cells and their density distribution . Clin Immunol Immunopathol 2:333-342, 1974.Crossref 57. Coulson AS, Chalmers DG: Separation of viable lymphocytes from human blood . Lancet 1:468-469, 1964.Crossref 58. Friou GJ: Fluorescent spot test for antinuclear antibodies . Arthritis Rheum 5:407-410, 1962.Crossref 59. Orfanakis NG, Ostlund RE, Bishop CR, et al: Normal blood leukocyte concentration values . Am J Clin Pathol 53:647-651, 1970. 60. Thorsby E, Godal T, Myrvang B: HL-A antigens and susceptibility to diseases: II . Leprosy tissue antigens 3:373-377, 1973.Crossref 61. Rea TH, Einstein H, Levan NE: Dinitrochlorobenzene unresponsiveness in disseminated coccidioidomycosis . Clin Res 23:167, 1975. 62. Quismorio FP, Rea TH, Levan NE, et al: Immunoglobulin deposits in lepromatous leprosy skin . Arch Dermatol 111:331-334, 1975.Crossref http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Archives of Dermatology American Medical Association

Immunologic Responses in Patients With Lepromatous Leprosy

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Publisher
American Medical Association
Copyright
Copyright © 1976 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved.
ISSN
0003-987X
eISSN
1538-3652
DOI
10.1001/archderm.1976.01630300005001
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Abstract

Abstract • Immunologic responses were measured in 46 patients with lepromatous leprosy. These patients were not distinguishable from controls on the basis of responses to soluble intradermal antigens, sensitization to contactants, peripheral blood T- and B-cell percentages, in vitro lymphocyte responses to a mitogen, or the prevalence of autoantibodies. Generalized immunologic abnormalities in patients with lepromatous leprosy are neither predisposing causes nor necessary accompaniments of lepromatous leprosy, but are probably remote sequellae of the illness. By implication, the generalized immunologic abnormalities reported in other diseases are likely to be remote sequellae of the particular illness. (Arch Dermatol 112:791-800, 1976) References 1. Wager 0: Immunological aspects of leprosy with special reference to autoimmune disease . Bull WHO 41:793-804, 1969. 2. Turk JL, Bryceson ADM: Immunological phenomena in leprosy and related diseases . Adv Immunol 13:209-266, 1971. 3. Abe M, Allison AC, Bechelli LM, et al: Immunological problems in leprosy research . Bull WHO 48:345-354 and 483-494, 1973. 4. Fernandez JMM: Leprosy and tuberculosis . Arch Dermatol 75:101-106, 1957.Crossref 5. Guinto RS, Mabalay MC: A note on the tuberculin reaction in leprosy . Int J Lepr 30:278-283, 1962. 6. Buck AA, Hasenclever HF: The influence of leprosy on delayed-type skin reactions and serum agglutination titers to candida albicans . Am J Hyg 77:305-316, 1963. 7. Waldorf DS, Sheagren JN, Trautman JR, et al: Impaired delayed hypersensitivity in patients with lepromatous leprosy . Lancet 2:773-776, 1966.Crossref 8. Bullock WE: Studies of immune mechanisms in leprosy: I. Depression of delayed allergic responses to skin test antigens . N Engl J Med 278:298-304, 1968.Crossref 9. Guinto RS: Biology of the mycobacterioses: Skin tests in leprosy . Ann NY Acad Sci 154:149-156, 1968.Crossref 10. Convit J, Pinardi ME, Rojas FA: Some considerations regarding the immunology of leprosy . Int J Lepr 39:556-564, 1971. 11. Katz SI, De Betz BH, Zaias N: Production of macrophage inhibitory factor by patients with leprosy . Arch Dermatol 103:358-361, 1971.Crossref 12. Saha K, Mittal MM: A study of cell mediated immunity in leprosy: Changing trends in the immunological spectrum of the disease . Clin Exp Immunol 8:901-909, 1971. 13. Salazar-Mallen M, Zamora AC, Montes JM, et al: Estudios sobre la inmunidad de la lepra . Alergia 18:185-191, 1971. 14. Turk JL, Waters MFR: Immunological significance of changes in lymph nodes across the leprosy spectrum . Clin Exp Immunol 8:363-376, 1971. 15. Talwar GP, Krishnan AD, Mehra VL: Evaluation of cell-mediated immune responses in untreated cases of leprosy . Clin Exp Immunol 12:195-203, 1972. 16. Myrvang B, Godal T, Ridley DS, et al: Immune responsiveness to Mycobacterium leprae and other mycobacterial antigens throughout the clinical and histopathological spectrum of leprosy . Clin Exp Immunol 14:541-553, 1973. 17. Mendes E, Raphael A, Mota NGS: Cell-mediated immunity in leprosy and transfer of delayed hypersensitivity reactions . J Allerg Clin Immunol 53:223-229, 1974.Crossref 18. Turk JL, Waters MFR: Cell-mediated immunity in patients with leprosy . Lancet 2:243-246, 1969.Crossref 19. Han SH, Weiser RS, Kau ST: Prolonged survival of skin allografts in leprosy patients . Int J Lepr 39:1-6, 1971. 20. Sheagren JN, Block JB, Trautman JR, et al: Immunologic reactivity in patients with leprosy . Ann Intern Med 70:295-302, 1969.Crossref 21. Bullock WE, Fasal P: Studies of immune mechanisms in leprosy: III. The role of cellular and humoral factors in impairment of the in vitro immune response . J Immunol 106:888-899, 1971. 22. Godal T, Myklestad B, Samuel DR, et al: Characterization of the cellular immune defect in lepromatous leprosy: A specific lack of circulating Mycobacterium leprae-reacting lymphocytes . Clin Exp Immunol 9:821-831, 1971. 23. Han SH, Weiser RS, Lin YC: Transformation of leprous lymphocytes by leprolin, tuberculin, and phytohemagglutinin . Int J Lepr 39:789-795, 1971. 24. Dierks RE, Shepard CC: Effect of phytohemagglutinin and various mycobacterial antigens on lymphocyte cultures from leprosy patients . Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 127:391-395, 1968.Crossref 25. Paradisi ER, de Boneparte YP, Morgenfeld MC: Blasts in lepromatous leprosy . Lancet 1:308-309, 1968.Crossref 26. Nelson DS, Nelson M, Thurston JM, et al: Phytohemagglutinin-induced lymphocyte transformation in leprosy . Clin Exp Immunol 9:33-43, 1971. 27. Wong PC, Chan-Teah CH, Wu S, et al: Transformation of lymphocytes by phytohemagglutinin in leprosy sera . Int J Lepr 39:7-13, 1971. 28. Mehra VL, Talwar GP, Balakrishnan K, et al: Influence of chemotherapy and serum factors on the mitogenic responses of peripheral leucocytes of leprosy patients to phytohemagglutinin . Clin Exp Immunol 12:205-213, 1972. 29. Ulrich M, de Salas B, Convit J: Lymphocyte transformation with phytomitogens in leprosy . Int J Lepr 40:4-9, 1972. 30. Balina LM, Fliess EL, Bachmann A, et al: Similar alterations of lymphoblastic dedifferentiation in lepromatous patients and their healthy lepromin-negative consanguineous offspring . Int J Lepr 41:7-13, 1973. 31. Dwyer JM, Bullock WE, Fields JP: Disturbance of the blood T:B lymphocyte ratio in lepromatous leprosy: Clinical and immunologic correlations . N Engl J Med 288:1036-1039, 1973.Crossref 32. Gajl-Peczalska KJ, Lim SD, Jacobson RR, et al: B-lymphocytes in lepromatous leprosy . N Engl J Med 288:1033-1035, 1973.Crossref 33. Lim SD, Kiszkiss DF, Jacobson RR, et al: Thymus-dependent lymphocytes of peripheral blood in leprosy patients . Infect Immun 9:394-399, 1974. 34. Mendes NF, Kopersztych S, Mota GS: T- and B-lymphocytes in patients with lepromatous leprosy . Clin Exp Immunol 16:23-30, 1974. 35. Nath I, Curtis J, Bhutani LK, et al: Reduction of a subpopulation of T-lymphocytes in lepromatous leprosy . Clin Exp Immunol 18:81-87, 1974. 36. Cathcart ES, Williams RC, Ross H, et al: The relationship of the latex fixation test to the clinical and serologic manifestations of leprosy . Am J Med 31:758-765, 1961.Crossref 37. Bonomo L, Tursi A, Trimigliozzi G, et al: L.E. cells and antinuclear factors . Br Med J 2:689-690, 1965.Crossref 38. Matthews LJ, Trautman JR: Clinical and serological profiles in leprosy . Lancet 2:915-918, 1965.Crossref 39. Abe M, Chinone S, Hirako T: Rheumatoid-factor-like substance and antistreptolysin 0 antibody in leprosy serum . Int J Lepr 35:336-344, 1967. 40. Bonomo L, Dammacco F: Protein changes and immunity in some chronic infectious diseases , in Chini V, Bonomo L, Sirtori C (eds): Proceedings of the International Symposium on Gammopathies: Infections, Cancer, and Immunity . Milan, Carlo Erba Foundation, 1968, pp 12-24. 41. Bonomo L, Dammacco F: Immune-complex cryoglobulinemia in lepromatous leprosy: A pathogenetic approach to some clinical features of leprosy . Clin Exp Immunol 9:175-181, 1971. 42. Malaviya AN, Pasricha A, Paricha JS, et al: Significance of serologic abnormalities in lepromatous leprosy . Int J Lepr 40:361-365, 1972. 43. Saha K, Mittal MM: Immunologic aspects of lepromatous leprosy with special reference to the study of antibodies . Int J Lepr 40:260-264, 1972. 44. Petchclai B, Chuthanondh R, Rungruong S, et al: Autoantibodies in leprosy among Thai patients . Lancet 1:1481-1482, 1973.Crossref 45. Wright DJM: Autoantibodies in leprosy . Lancet 2:40, 1973.Crossref 46. Wall JR, Wright DJM: Antibodies against testicular germinal cells in lepromatous leprosy . Clin Exp Immunol 17:51-59, 1974. 47. Shepard CC: Immunologic suppression in leprosy and its relation to lepromatous disease, editorial . Int J Lepr 36:87-90, 1968. 48. Transfer factor and leprosy, editorial . N Engl J Med 278:333-334, 1968.Crossref 49. Cellular immunity in infectious diseases, editorial . Lancet 2:253-255, 1969. 50. Lawrence HS: Immunotherapy with transfer factor . N Engl J Med 287:1092-1094, 1972.Crossref 51. Waksman BH: The early immune response to Mycobacterium lepraemurium in inbred mice and rats . Clin Immunol Immunopathol 2:82-97,' 1973.Crossref 52. Kantor FS: Infection, anergy and cell-mediated immunity . N Engl J Med 292:629-634, 1975.Crossref 53. Ridley DS, Jopling WH: Classification of leprosy according to immunity: A five-group system . Int J Lepr 34:255-273, 1966. 54. Ridley DS, Waters MFR: Significance of variations within the lepromatous group . Lepr Rev 40:143-152, 1969. 55. Nalick RH, DiSaia PJ, Rea TH, et al: Immunologic response in gynecologic malignancy as demonstrated by the delayed hypersensitivity reaction: Clinical correlations . Am J Obstet Gynecol 118:393-405, 1974. 56. Yu DTY, Peter JB, Paulus HE, et al: Human lymphocyte subpopulations: Study of T and B cells and their density distribution . Clin Immunol Immunopathol 2:333-342, 1974.Crossref 57. Coulson AS, Chalmers DG: Separation of viable lymphocytes from human blood . Lancet 1:468-469, 1964.Crossref 58. Friou GJ: Fluorescent spot test for antinuclear antibodies . Arthritis Rheum 5:407-410, 1962.Crossref 59. Orfanakis NG, Ostlund RE, Bishop CR, et al: Normal blood leukocyte concentration values . Am J Clin Pathol 53:647-651, 1970. 60. Thorsby E, Godal T, Myrvang B: HL-A antigens and susceptibility to diseases: II . Leprosy tissue antigens 3:373-377, 1973.Crossref 61. Rea TH, Einstein H, Levan NE: Dinitrochlorobenzene unresponsiveness in disseminated coccidioidomycosis . Clin Res 23:167, 1975. 62. Quismorio FP, Rea TH, Levan NE, et al: Immunoglobulin deposits in lepromatous leprosy skin . Arch Dermatol 111:331-334, 1975.Crossref

Journal

Archives of Dermatology – American Medical Association

Published: Jun 1, 1976

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