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W. Leifer (1944)
BALANITIS XEROTICA OBLITERANS: REPORT OF A CASEArchives of Dermatology, 49
C. Freeman, C. Laymon (1941)
BALANITIS XEROTICA OBLITERANSArchives of Dermatology, 44
J. F. Madden (1935)
The BalanitidesJ. A. M. A., 105
A. Stühmer (1928)
Balanitis xerotica obliterans (post-operationem) und ihre-Beziehungen zur "Kraurosis glandis et praeputii penis,"Arch. f. Dermat. u. Syph., 156
E. Frishwasser, T. Finkle (1947)
Balanitis Xerotica Obliterans: Report of a CaseThe Journal of Urology, 57
M. A. Nicholson (1941)
Lichen Planus Sclerosus et AtrophicusArch. Dermat. & Syph., 43
J. M. Schildkraut (1944)
Balanosclerosis with Beginning EpitheliomaArch. Dermat. & Syph., 49
Hamilton Montgomery, William Hill (1940)
LICHEN SCLEROSUS ET ATROPHICUSArchives of Dermatology, 42
F. B. Reif (1944)
Balanitis Xerotica Obliterans, CorrespondenceArch. Dermat. & Syph., 49
C. Laymon, C. Freeman (1944)
RELATIONSHIP OF BALANITIS XEROTICA OBLITERANS TO LICHEN SCLEROSUS ET ATROPHICUSArchives of Dermatology, 49
A. Franks (1946)
Balanitis xerotica obliterans.The Journal of urology, 56 2
F. Torrey, H. Allington (1938)
SAN FRANCISCO AND LOS ANGELES DERMATOLOGICAL SOCIETIESArchives of Dermatology, 43
Abstract BALANITIS xerotica obliterans, originally described by Stühmer1 in 1928, was defined by Laymon and Freeman2 as "a chronic, progressive, atrophic, sclerosing process of the glans and prepuce leading to urethral stenosis." Madden's report3 in 1935 of 3 patients with this condition was the first to appear in the American literature. From 1941 until early 1947 at least 28 more cases were described in our literature4 (table). It is probable that the same condition had previously been described under the names of kraurosis penis,4b balanosclerosis5 and lichen sclerosus et atrophicus.6 Freeman and Laymon summarized these reports in a comprehensive review of the literature in 1941.4b These authors demonstrated that this disease may occur at any age between 22 and 67, that it is not necessarily associated with circumcision or any other operative procedure, that it may be accompanied with lesions on the body References 1. Stühmer, A.: Balanitis xerotica obliterans (post-operationem) und ihre-Beziehungen zur "Kraurosis glandis et praeputii penis," Arch. f. Dermat. u. Syph. 156:613, 1928.Crossref 2. Laymon, C. W., and Freeman, C.: Relationship of Balanitis Xerotica Obliterans to Lichen Sclerosus et Atrophicus , Arch. Dermat. & Syph. 49:57 ( (Jan.) ) 1944. 3. Madden, J. F.: The Balanitides , J. A. M. A. 105:420 ( (Aug. 10) ) 1935. 4. Freeman, C., and Laymon, C. W.: Balanitis Xerotica Obliterans , Arch. Dermat. & Syph. 44:547 ( (Oct.) ) 1941. 5. Novy, F. G., Jr.: Balanitis Xerotica Obliterans , Arch. Dermat. & Syph. 43:397 ( (Feb.) ) 1941. 6. Leifer, W.: Balanitis Xerotica Obliterans , Arch. Dermat. & Syph. 49:118 ( (Feb.) ) 1944. 7. Johnson, H. M.: Balanitis Xerotica Obliterans , Arch. Dermat. & Syph. 49:299 ( (April) ) 1944. 8. Franks, A. G.: Balanitis Xerotica Obliterans , J. Urol. 56:243 ( (Aug.) ) 1946. 9. Frishwasser, E. J., and Finkle, T. H.: Balanitis Xerotica Obliterans: Report of a Case , J. Urol. 57:359 ( (Feb.) ) 1947. 10. Schildkraut, J. M.: Balanosclerosis with Beginning Epithelioma , Arch. Dermat. & Syph. 49:205 ( (March) ) 1944. 11. Nicholson, M. A., and Becker, F. T.: Lichen Planus Sclerosus et Atrophicus , Arch. Dermat. & Syph. 43:430 ( (Feb.) ) 1941. 12. Franks's report 4g did include determinations of urea nitrogen, chlorides and sugar in the blood and of the basal metabolic rate; all these values were within normal limits. 13. Montgomery, H., and Hill, W.: Lichen Sclerosis et Atrophicus , Arch. Dermat. & Syph. 42:755 ( (Nov.) ) 1940. 14. Reif, F. B.: Balanitis Xerotica Obliterans, Correspondence , Arch. Dermat. & Syph. 49:304 ( (April) ) 1944. 15. The most one could reasonably expect from this treatment would be to arrest the degenerative process. However, the mechanical obstruction which the fibrotic band in the prepuce presents on erection of the penis can be removed only by surgical intervention; circumcision has been advised for this patient.
Archives of Dermatology and Syphilology – American Medical Association
Published: Jun 1, 1949
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