American Journal of Diseases of Children

Bost, Crawford

1970 American Journal of Diseases of Children

doi: 10.1001/archpedi.1970.02100090059001pmid: 4924166

Abstract Reflection in respect to reasoning by the Officers of the Section on Pediatrics and more specifically by the Selection Committee for the eighth Abraham Jacobi Award has led to considerable anxiety on the part of this recipient. Concern of first order came as I recalled the importance of the accomplishments of Abraham Jacobi at a time when any medical innovation in the care or treatment of disease in the infant and child represented departure from the past with a bold courage. Such a man was Dr. Jacobi. Of second order, scanning the writings of Jacobi reveals an amazing number of papers covering a wide variety of subjects. In neither of these categories have I made worthy contributions. From the writings of Dr. Jacobi and in the historical accounts of his activities, it is apparent that "this bandy-legged man with the slight body and oversized head"1 had a very active References 1. Dunlop R: Abraham Jacobi, the children's physician . Today's Health , (April) 1970, p 58. 2. Gardner LI: Contributions by pediatricians to general medical culture . The New Physician (July) 1962, p 215. 3. Gardner LI: Abraham Jacobi: Pediatric pioneer . Pediatrics 24:282-287, 1959. 4. Garrison, FH: History of Pediatrics in Abt's Pediatrics . Philadelphia, WB Saunders Co, 1923. 5. "Festschrift" in Honor of Abraham Jacobi, M.D., LL.D., to Commemorate the Seventieth Anniversary of His Birth . New York, Knickerbocker Press, 1900. 6. Hodgins E: What ever became of the healing art? Ann NY Acad Sci 164:838-846.Crossref 7. Wilbur DL: Clinical sense, social sense, common sense . JAMA 209:680-684, 1969.Crossref 8. Cornely DA, et al: A Study of Pediatric Residency Training and Pediatric Research Projects, 1965. 9. Physicians Assistants. A socio-economic report of the Bureau of Research and Planning, California Medical Association . Calif Med 112:73-77,1970.

Huang, Nancy N.;Macri, Carlos N.;Girone, Joseph;Sproul, Ann

1970 American Journal of Diseases of Children

doi: 10.1001/archpedi.1970.02100090063002pmid: 5493825

Abstract The survival rates of patients with cystic fibrosis admitted in three five-year periods, July 1952 to June 1967, are compared. The "life table method" was adopted to compute the survival rates. The three cohorts included 37 patients admitted between July 1952 and June 1957 (group 1), 73 between July 1957 and June 1962 (group 2), and 129 between July 1962 and June 1967 (group 3). The five-year cumulative survival rates were 35.0% ± 8.7% for group 1, 63.6% ± 6.4% for group 2, and 76.6% ± 7.0% for group 3. Early diagnosis and early institution of therapy are important. Control of infection by use of appropriate antibiotics, emphasis on bronchial drainage, a well organized home care program, and frequent evaluations by competent physicians all contribute toward a brighter outlook for patients with cystic fibrosis. References 1. Cutler SJ, Ederer F: Maximum utilization of the life table method in analyzing survival . Chronic Dis 8:699-712, 1958.Crossref 2. Warwick WJ, Monson S: Life table studies of mortality , Modern Problems in Pediatrics . Berne, Switzerland, S Karger, in Rossi E, Stoll E (eds): vol 10, pp 353-367,1967. 3. Young WF, Jackson ADM: The prognosis of cystic fibrosis , in Rossi E, Stoll E (eds): Modern Problems in Pediatrics . Berne, Switzerland, S Karger, vol 10, pp 350-352, 1967. 4. Anderson CM: Long term study of patients with cystic fibrosis , in Rossi E, Stoll E (eds): Modern Problems in Pediatrics . Berne, Switzerland, S Karger, vol 10, pp 344-349, 1967. 5. Sproul A, Huang N: Growth patterns in children with cystic fibrosis . J Pediat 65:664-667,1964.Crossref

Ambrus, Clara M.;Weintraub, David H.;Niswander, Kenneth R.;Fischer, Liselotte;Fleishman, Joyce;Bross, Irving D. J.;Ambrus, Julian L.

1970 American Journal of Diseases of Children

doi: 10.1001/archpedi.1970.02100090070003pmid: 5493826

Abstract At 4 years of age, two groups of prematurely born children were compared in relation to physical, mental, and behavioral development—24 children who had been afflicted with neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) and 53 who had not. Those who had suffered from RDS had been treated with urokinase-activated human plasmin or received placebo; oxygen was administered only for relief of cyanosis, the maximum concentration being 38%. Statistical evaluation did not show a significant difference in development between the RDS and control groups. A significant negative correlation was found, however, between birth weight and degree of disability. These findings seem to indicate that RDS does not increase the handicaps associated with prematurity. Chest roentgenograms revealed possible pulmonary fibrosis in only one child who had survived RDS. References 1. Boss JA, Craig GM: Reparative phenomena in lungs of neonates with hyaline membranes . Pediatrics 29:890-898, 1962. 2. Robertson B, Tunell R, Rudhe U: Late stages of pulmonary hyaline membranes of the newborn . Acta Pediat Scand 53:433-446, 1964.Crossref 3. Shephard FM, Johnston RB, Klatte EC, et al: Residual pulmonary findings in clinical hyaline membrane disease . New Eng J Med 279:1063-1071,1968.Crossref 4. Lewis S: A follow-up study of the respiratory distress syndrome . Proc Roy Soc Med 61:771-773, 1968. 5. Fisch RO, Gravem HJ, Engel RR: Neurological status of survivors of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome . J Pediat 73:395-403,1968.Crossref 6. Robertson AM, Crichton JU: Neurological sequelae in children with neonatal respiratory distress . Amer J Dis Chil 117:271-275,1969.Crossref 7. Drillien CM: The incidence of mental and physical handicaps in school-age children of very low birth weight . Pediatrics 27:452-464, 1961. 8. Lubchenco LO, Horner FA, Reed LH, et al: Sequelae of premature birth . Amer J Dis Child 106:101-115, 1963.Crossref 9. Heimer CB, Cutler R, Freedman AM: Neurological sequelae of premature birth . Amer J Dis Child 108:122-133, 1964.Crossref 10. Wiener G, Rider RV, Oppel WC, et al: Correlates of low birth weight: Psychological status at six to seven years of age . Pediatrics 35:434-444,1965. 11. Wiener G, Rider RV, Oppel WC, et al: Correlates of low birth weight: Psychological status at eight to ten years of age . Pediat Res 2:110-118, 1968.Crossref 12. Northway WH, Rosan RC, Porter DY: Pulmonary disease following respirator therapy of hyaline membrane disease . New Eng J Med 276:357-368, 1967.Crossref 13. Nash G, Blennerhassett JB, Pontoppidan H: Pulmonary lesions associated with oxygen therapy and artificial ventilation . New Eng J Med 276:368-374, 1967.Crossref 14. Pusey VA, Macpherson RI, Chernick V: Pulmonary fibroplasia following prolonged artificial ventilation of newborn infants . Canad Med Assoc J 100:451-457, 1969. 15. Ambrus CM, Weintraub DH, Dunphy D, et al: Studies on hyaline membrane disease: I. The fibrinolysin system in pathogenesis and therapy . Pediatrics 32:10-24, 1963. 16. Ambrus CM, Weintraub DH, Ambrus JL: Studies of hyaline membrane disease: III. Therapeutic trial of urokinase-activated human plasmin . Pediatrics 38:231-243, 1966. 17. Weintraub DJ, Ambrus CM, Ambrus JL: Studies on hyaline membrane disease: IV. Diagnostic and prognostic problems . Pediatrics 38:244-253, 1966. 18. Snedecor GW, Cochran WG: Statistical Methods , ed 6. Ames, Iowa, Iowa State University Press, 1968. 19. Bacola E, Behrle FC, de Schweinitz L, et al: Perinatal and environmental factors in the late neurogenic sequelae . Amer J Dis Child 112:359-368, 1966.Crossref

Cagas, Cosme R.;Riley, Harris D.

1970 American Journal of Diseases of Children

doi: 10.1001/archpedi.1970.02100090077004pmid: 5493827

Abstract The mean age at menarche in American girls enrolled in high schools and a college in northeastern Arkansas was found to be 12.63±0.03 years. The onset of menstruation was most frequent in the months of May and June. The findings in this study indicate a significantly earlier onset of menstruation when compared to the results of earlier studies in this country. The menarchial age of girls residing in other US communities as well as in other countries are reviewed and reasons for the world-wide trend to earlier menarche discussed. The results of this study suggest that environmental influences, particularly socioeconomic factors, are among the most important of the several factors which influence menarche. References 1. Tanner JM: Earlier maturation in man . Sci Amer 218:21-27, 1968.Crossref 2. Cone TE Jr: Physical growth and maturation , in Cooke RE (ed): Biologic Basis of Pediatric Practice . New York, McGraw-Hill Book Co, 1968, pp 1338-1347. 3. Stevens C, Clark RT: Exercise fitness responses in male children , abstracted. Fed Proc 25:807,1966. 4. Olree H, Stevens C, Corbin B, et al: Evaluation of physical fitness levels of children, to be published. 5. Thompson WM Jr, Nida JR, Riley HD Jr: Electrocardiographic findings in adolescents at rest and at maximal exertion . Pediatrics 43:438-442, 1969. 6. Astrand PO, Rhyming I: A nomogram for calculation of aerobic capacity (physical fitness) from pulse rate during submaximal work . J Appl Physiol 7:218-221, 1954. 7. Balke B, Ware RW: An experimental study of "physical fitness" of Air Force personnel . US Armed Forces Med J 10:675-688,1958. 8. Youth Fitness Test Manual . Washington DC, American Association for Health, Physical Education, and Recreation, 1958. 9. Agnevik G, Daniels J, Clark RT: Cardiopulmonary responses in children during physical exercise . Physiologist 6:127,1963. 10. Agnevik G, Daniels J, Nelson T, et al: Evaluation of physical fitness of school children . Read before the Meeting of American College of Sports Medicine , Hollywood, Calif, 1964. 11. Livson N, McNeill D: The accuracy of recalled age of menarche . Hum Biol 34:218-221, 1962. 12. Tanner JM: Growth at Adolescence , ed 2. Oxford, England, Blackwell Scientific Publications, 1962,p 143. 13. Michelson N: Studies in the physical development of Negroes: IV. Onset of puberty . Amer J Phys Anthrop 2:151-166, 1944.Crossref 14. Nicholson AB, Hanley C: Indices of physiological maturity: Derivation and interrelationships . Child Develop 24:3-38,1953. 15. Deming J: Application of the Gompertz curve to the observed pattern of growth in length of 48 individual boys and girls during the adolescent cycle of growth . Hum Biol 29:83-122,1957. 16. Engle ET, Shelesnyak MC: First menstruation and subsequent menstrual cycles of pubertal girls . Hum Biol 6:431-453,1934. 17. Bowditch HP: Eighth Annual Report, State Board of Health . Boston, John Wright & Sons Ltd, 1877. 18. Larsen VL: College students and menstrual facts . J Amer Med Wom Assoc 20:557-559,1965. 19. Garell DC: Pattern of menstrual function: A survey of 292 women at Los Angeles City College. Read before the Meeting of American Academy of Pediatrics, Washington, DC, 1967. 20. Ito PK: Comparative biometrical study of physique of Japanese women born and reared under different environments . Hum Biol 14:279-351,1942. 21. Reymert ML: Relationships between menarcheal age, behavior disorders, and intelligence . Character and Pers 8:292-300, 1940.Crossref 22. Young HB, Zoli A, Gallagher JR: Events of puberty in 111 Florentine girls . Amer J Dis Child 106:568-577,1963. 23. Zukowski W, Kmietowicz-Zukowska A, Gruska S: The age at menarche in Polish girls . Hum Biol 36:233-234, 1964. 24. Lee MMC, Chang KSF, Chan MMC: Sexual maturation of Chinese girls in Hong Kong . Pediatrics 32:389-398,1963. 25. Fenech FF: The age of menarche in Maltese girls . J Obstet Gynaec Brit Comm 71:770-772, 1964.Crossref 26. Foll CV: The age at menarche in Assam and Burma . Arch Dis Child 36:302-304, 1961.Crossref 27. Provis HS, Ellis RWB: An anthropometric study of Edinburgh schoolchildren: I. Methods, data and assessment of maturity . Arch Dis Child 30:328-337, 1955.Crossref 28. Kralj-Cercek L: The influence of food, body build, and social origin on the age at menarche . Hum Biol 28:393-406,1956. 29. Madhavan S: Age at menarche of South Indian girls belonging to the states of Madras and Kerala . Indian J Med Res 53:669-673,1965. 30. Levine VE: Studies in physiological anthropology: III. The age of onset of menstruation of the Alaskan Eskimo . Amer J Phys Anthrop 11:252, 1953. 31. Burrell RJW, Healy MJR, Tanner JM: Age at menarche in South African Bantu schoolgirls living in the Transkei Reserve . Hum Biol 33:250-261,1961. 32. Heintz-Petit-Maire N: Croissance et puberte feminines au Rwanda . Acad Roy Sci Outre-Mer (Brussels) Classe Sci Tech Mem in 8° , NS, 1962, vol 12. 33. Oettle AG, Higginson J: The age at menarche in South African Bantu (Negro) girls: With a comment on methods of determining mean age at menarche . Hum Biol 33:181-190, 1961. 34. Wilson DC, Sutherland I: Age at the menarche . Brit Med J 1:1267,1950.Crossref 35. Survey of Current Business : Per Capita Personal Income, by State and Region, 1948-66 . US Department of Commerce, 1967. 36. Arduino F, Ferreira F da C: A menarca e a menopausa na mulher diabetica e pre-diabetica . Arq Brasil Endocr 7:77-85, 1958. 37. White P: Childhood diabetes: Its course, and influence on the second and third generations . Diabetes 9:345-355, 1960. 38. Post RH: Early menarchial age of diabetic women . Diabetes 11:287-290,1962. 39. McNeill D, Livson N: Maturation rate and body build in women . Child Develop 34:25-32, 1963. 40. Simmons K, Greulich WW: Menarcheal age and the height, weight, and skeletal age of girls age 7 to 17 years . J Pediat 22:518-548, 1943.Crossref 41. Barker RG, Stone CP: Physical development in relation to menarcheal age in university women . Hum Biol 8:198-222, 1936. 42. Zacharias L, Wurtman RJ: Blindness: Its relation to age of menarche . Science 144:1154-1155, 1964.Crossref 43. Bolk L: Menarche in Dutch women and its precipitated appearance in youngest generation . Proc Acad Sc Amsterdam Sec Sc 26:650-663, 1923. 44. Popenoe P: Inheritance of age of onset of menstruation . Eugenics News 13:101, 1928. 45. Reymert ML, Jost H: Further data concerning the normal variability of the menstrual cycle during adolescence and factors associated with age of menarche . Child Develop 18:169-179, 1947.Crossref 46. Fluhmann CF: Menstrual problems of adolescence . Pediat Clin N Amer 5:51-62,1958. 47. Mills CA: Temperature influence over human growth and development . Hum Biol 22:71-74,1950. 48. Valsik JA: The seasonal rhythm of menarche: A review . Hum Biol 37:75-90, 1965. 49. Chiazze L Jr, Brayer FT, Macisco JJ Jr, et al: The length and variability of the human menstrual cycle . JAMA 203:377-380, 1968.Crossref 50. Bakwin H: The secular change in growth and development . Acta Paediat 53:79-89,1964.Crossref 51. Bakwin H, McLaughlin SM: Secular increase in height: Is the end in sight? Lancet 2:1195-1196, 1964.Crossref 52. Cone TE Jr: Secular acceleration of height and biologic maturation in children during the past century . J Pediat 59:736-740,1961.Crossref

Adler, Jonathan L.;Mostow, Steven R.;Mellin, Harold;Janney, John H.;Joseph, J. Mehsen

1970 American Journal of Diseases of Children

doi: 10.1001/archpedi.1970.02100090083005pmid: 5493828

Abstract An outbreak of hand, foot, and mouth disease caused by coxsackievirus A16 occurred in Baltimore during the summer of 1968. Cases were identified in several sections of the city. The presenting complaints were sore mouth, anorexia, and rash. An exanthem, primarily on the hands and feet, was noted in 85% of the cases and all cases were associated with stomatitis. In 20 of 25 (75%) presumptive cases studied, the patients were shown to be infected with coxsackievirus A16, and 44% of asymptomatic family contacts also showed evidence of infection with the virus. Seventy-five percent of the patients with laboratory-confirmed cases were under the age of 5 years, and 53% of the positive family contacts were adults. That many adults and older children were found to be infected with coxsackievirus A16, probably indicates that the population had not been exposed to the virus before. References 1. Robinson CR, Doane FW, Rhodes AJ: Report of an outbreak of febrile illness with pharyngeal exanthem: Toronto, summer 1957: Isolation of group A coxsackie virus . Canad Med Assoc J 719:615-621,1958. 2. Alsop J, Flewett TH, Foster JR: Hand-foot-and mouth disease in Birmingham in 1956 . Brit Med J 2:1708-1711, 1956.Crossref 3. Magoffin RL, Jackson E, Lenette EH: Vesicular stomatitis and exanthem: A syndrome associated with coxsackie virus, type A 16 . JAMA 175:441-445, 1961.Crossref 4. Meadow SR: Hand, foot, and mouth disease . Arch Dis Child 40:560-564, 1965.Crossref 5. Cherry JD, Jahn CL: Hand, foot, and mouth syndrome: Report of six cases due to coxsackie virus, group A, type 16 . Pediatrics 37:637-643, 1965. 6. Froeschle JE, Nahmias AJ, Feorino PM, et al: Hand, foot, and mouth disease (coxsackie A16) in Atlanta . Amer J Dis Child 114:278-283,1967. 7. Miller GD, Tindall JP: Hand, foot, and mouth disease . JAMA 203:827-830, 1968.Crossref 8. Flewett TH, Warin RP, Clarke SKR: Hand, foot, and mouth disease associated with coxsackie A 5 virus . J Clin Path 16:53-55, 1963.Crossref 9. Clarke SKR, Morley T, Warin RP: Hand, foot, and mouth disease . Brit Med J 1:58,1964.Crossref 10. Duff MF: Hand, foot and mouth syndrome in humans: Coxsackie A 10 infection in New Zealand . Brit Med J 2:661-664, 1968.Crossref 11. Joseph JM: Gradwohl's Clinical Laboratory Methods and Diagnosis , ed 6. St. Louis, CV Mosby Co, 1963. 12. Standardized Diagnostic Complement Fixation Method and Adaptation to Micro Test , Public Health monograph No. 74. US Dept HEW, 1965. 13. Magoffin RL, Lenette EH: Non-polio viruses and paralytic disease . Calif Med 97:1-7, 1962. 14. Gohd RS, Faigel HC: Hand, foot, and mouth disease resembling measles—a life threatening disease: Case report . Pediatrics 37:644-648, 1966. 15. Goldberg MF, McAdams AJ: Myocarditis possibly due to coxsackie group A type 16 virus . J Pediat 62:762-765, 1963.Crossref 16. Wright HT Jr, Landing BH, Lenette EH, et al: Fatal infection in an infant associated with coxsackie group A, type 16 . New Eng J Med 268:1041-1044, 1963.Crossref 17. Lerner AM, Klein JO, Cherry JD, et al: New viral exanthems . New Eng J Med 269:678-685, 736-745, 1963.Crossref 18. Gelfand HM: The occurrence in nature of the coxsackie and echo viruses . Prog Med Virol 3:193-244, 1961.

Noonan, Jacqueline A.;Walters, Linda R.;Reeves, John T.

1970 American Journal of Diseases of Children

doi: 10.1001/archpedi.1970.02100090088006pmid: 5493829

Abstract Three patients with pulmonary lymphangiectasis were studied by cardiac catheterization. All had evidence of alveolar hypoventilation and pulmonary hypertension. Postmortem injection studies of the abnormal lungs demonstrated greatly dilated and intracommunicating pleural, interlobular, and perivascular lymphatics. Two of the patients had obstructed total anomalous pulmonary venous return, while the third had a ventricular septal defect. In the latter, a premortem diagnosis of pulmonary lymphangiectasis was made at 4 months of age by lung biopsy. Forty five cases from the literature have been reviewed. From the review it is postulated that pulmonary lymphangiectasis can occur in the following three forms: (1) as part of generalized lymphangiectasis; (2) secondary to pulmonary venous obstruction; and (3) as a primary developmental defect of the lung. The clinical picture and prognosis varies with the type present. References 1. Virchow R: Gesammelte Abhandlungen zur Wissenschaftlichen Medicin. Frankfurt , Meidinger Sohn & Co, 1856, p 982. 2. Bredt H: Lymphangiectasia pulmonum congenita . Virchow Arch Path Anat 321:517-530, 1952. 3. Laurence KM: Congenital pulmonary cystic lymphangiectasis . J Path Bact 70:325-333, 1955.Crossref 4. Laurence KM: Congenital pulmonary lymphangiectasis . J Clin Path 12:62-69, 1959.Crossref 5. Giammalvo JT: Congenital lymphangiomatosis of the lung: A form of cystic disease: Report of a case with autopsy findings . Lab Invest 4:450-456,1955. 6. Maidman L, Barnett RN: Congenital dilatation of pulmonary lymphatics . Arch Path 64:104-106,1957. 7. Carter RW, Vaugh HM: Congenital Pulmonary lymphangiectasis: Report of a case with roentgen findings . Amer J Roentgen 86:576-578,1961. 8. Tucker AS: Lymphangiectasis: Benign and malignant . Amer J Roentgen 91:1104-1113, 1964. 9. Giedion A, Muller WA, Molz G. Angeborene: Lymphangiecktasic der Lungen . Helv Paediat Acta 22:170-180, 1967. 10. Fronstin MH, Hooper GS, Besse BE, etal: Congenital pulmonary cystic lymphangiectasis . Amer J Dis Child 114:330-335, 1967.Crossref 11. Theros EG: An Exercise in Radiologic-Pathologic Correlation . Radiology 89:524-531, 1967.Crossref 12. Arkoff RS: Congenital pulmonary lymphangiectasis . Calif Med 109:464-466, 1968. 13. Brown MD, Reidbord, HE: Congenital pulmonary lymphangiectasis . Amer J Dis Child 114:654-657, 1967. 14. Meadows JA: Two cases of rare causes of respiratory distress in the newborn . J Med Assoc Alabama 37:1039-1044, 1968. 15. Javett SN, Webster I, Braudo JL: Congenital dilatation of the pulmonary lymphatics . Pediatrics 31:416-425, 1963. 16. Trinkle JK, Danielson GK, Noonan JA, et al: Infradiaphragmatic total anomalous pulmonary venous return: Report of a new and correctable variant . Ann Thorac Surg 5:55-60,1968.Crossref 17. Harvey DF, Zimmerman HM: Studies of the development of the human lung . Anat Rec 61:203-229, 1935.Crossref 18. Simer PH: Drainage of pleural lymphatics . Anat Rec 113:269-283,1952.Crossref 19. Tobin CE: Human pulmonic lymphatics: An anatomic study . Anat Rec 127:611-633, 1957.Crossref 20. Frank J, Piper PG: Congenital pulmonary cystic lymphangiectasis . JAMA 171:1094-1098, 1959.Crossref 21. McKendry JBJ, Lindsay WK, Gersteen MC: Congenital defects of the lymphatics in infancy . Pediatrics 19:21-34,1957. 22. Mann TP: Hemihypertrophy left side of body: congenital lymphatic edema of left arm: radiological enlargement of heart shadow . Proc Royal Soc Med 48:330, 1955. 23. Koblenzer PJ, Bukowski MJ: Angiomatosis (hamartomatous hemi-lymphangiomatosis): Report of case with diffuse involvement . Pediatrics 28:65-76, 1961. 24. Shortland-Webb, WR, Tozer RA, Cameron AH: Intra-uterine closure of the atrial septum . J Clin Path 19:549-554,1966.Crossref 25. Rywlin AM, Fojaca RM: Congenital pulmonary lymphangiectasis associated with a blind common pulmonary vein . Pediatrics 41:931-934,1968. 26. Tan-Vinh L, Cochard A, Dong VT: Lymphangiectasies pulmonaires congenitales et lymphangite pleuro-pulmonaire, concereuse metastatique de l'enfant . Arch Franc Pediat 21:165-182, 1964. 27. Sacrez R, et al: Lymphangiectasies pulmonaires congenitales avec fibroelastose de l'endocarde . Arch Franc Paediat 17:1344-1349, 1960. 28. Ekelund H, Palmstierna S, Ostberg C: Congenital pulmonary lymphangiectasis . Acta Paediat Scand 55:121-125,1966.Crossref 29. Heumann G, Korn R, Levy-Silogy J: Apropos d'un cas de laymphangiectasies Pulmonaires Congenitales . Arch Franc Paediat 17:1012-1023, 1960. 30. Moffat AD: Congenital cystic disease of the lungs and its classification . J Path Bact 70:361-372,1960.Crossref 31. Lauweryns JM, Boussauw L: The ultra-structure of pulmonary lymphatic capillaries of newborn rabbits and human infants . Lymphology 2:108-129, 1969. 32. Miller WS: The lymphatics of the lung . Anat Anz 12:110-114,1896. 33. Staub NC, Nagano H, Pearse ML: Pulmonary edema in dogs, especially the sequence of fluid accumulation in lungs . J Appl Physiol 22:227-240, 1967.

Newfeld, Edgar A.;Eisenberg, Robert N.;Young, Dennison

1970 American Journal of Diseases of Children

doi: 10.1001/archpedi.1970.02100090094007

Abstract Thirty-seven critically ill infants and children were seen over a ten-year period with the diagnosis of complete "D" transposition of the great arteries. Since 1967, balloon atrial septostomy has been performed at the original diagnostic cardiac catheterization. Previously, palliative treatment was surgical. Considerable improvement immediately followed balloon septostomy, and eight of the ten infants seen since 1967 are alive and doing well. Death occurred following attempted banding of the pulmonary artery in two infants with ventricular septal defects. One, a 7-day-old, also had an associated coarctation of the aorta. The use of balloon septostomy has greatly improved the outlook for infants with transposition of the great arteries, and allows more of them to grow to an age and size when total physiological correction (Mustard operation) may be safely undertaken. References 1. Keith JD, Rowe RD, Vlad P: Heart Disease in Infancy and Childhood . New York, Macmillan Co, 1967, p 723. 2. Paul HM, Muster AJ, Cole RB, et al: Palliative management for transposition of the great arteries, 1957-1967 . Ann Thorac Surg 64:321-329,1968.Crossref 3. Blalock A, Hanlon CR: The surgical treatment of complete transposition of the aorta and the pulmonary artery . Surg Gynec Obstet 90:1-15,1950. 4. Senning A: Surgical correction of transposition of the great vessels . Surgery 45:966-980, 1959. 5. Baffes TG: A new method for surgical correction of transposition of the aorta and pulmonary artery . Surg Gynec Obstet 102:227-233,1956. 6. Mustard WT: Successful two-stage correction of transposition of the great vessels . Surgery 55:469-472, 1964. 7. Hallman GL, Cooley DA: Complete transposition of the great vessels: Results of surgical treatment . Arch Surg 89:891-898, 1964.Crossref 8. Plauth WH Jr, Nadas AS, Bernhard WF, et al: Transposition of the great arteries: Clinical and physiological observations on seventy-four patients treated by palliative surgery . Circulation 37:316-330, 1968.Crossref 9. Deverall PB, Tynan MJ, Carr I, et al: Palliative surgery in children with transposition of the great arteries . J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 58:721-729,1969. 10. Rashkind WJ, Miller WW: Creation of an atrial septal defect without thoracotomy . JAMA 196:991-992,1966.Crossref 11. Rashkind WJ, Miller WW: Transposition of the great arteries: Results of palliation by balloon atrioseptostomy in thirty-one infants . Circulation 38:453-462,1968.Crossref 12. Tynan MG, Carr I, Graham G, et al: Subvalvar pulmonary obstruction complicating the postoperative course of balloon atrial septostomy in transposition of the great arteries . Circulation 39( (suppl 1) ):223-228, 1969.Crossref 13. Rashkind WJ: Transposition of the great arteries , in Gellis SS, Kagan BM (eds): Current Pediatric Therapy 4 , Philadelphia, WB Saunders Co, 1970, p 223. 14. Cornell WP, Maxwell RE, Haller JA, et al: Results of the Blalock-Hanlon operation in 90 patients with transposition of the great vessels . J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 52:525-532, 1966. 15. Ferencz C: Transposition of the great vessels: Pathophysiologic considerations based on a study of the lungs . Circulation 33:232-241, 1966.Crossref 16. Viles PH, Ongley PA, Titus JL: The spectrum of pulmonary vascular disease in transposition of the great arteries . Circulation 40:31-41,1969.Crossref 17. Muster AJ, Levin SE, Cole RB, et al: The (modified) history of transposition of the great arteries following nonsurgical atrial septostomy , abstracted. Amer J Cardiol 25:118,1970.Crossref 18. Dillard DH, Mohri H, Merendino KA, et al: Total surgical correction of transposition of the great arteries in children less than six months of age . Surg Gynec Obstet 129:1258-1266, 1969.

Corrigan, James J.

1970 American Journal of Diseases of Children

doi: 10.1001/archpedi.1970.02100090098008pmid: 4099689

Abstract The coagulation and fibrinolytic systems were analyzed in 55 patients with autoimmune diseases. Significant changes, which were found exclusively in those patients with clinically active disease, consisted of thrombocytosis, elevated factor V and factor VIII levels, hyperfibrinogenemia, and evidence of activation of the fibrinolytic system. Three patients with systemic lupus erythematosus had thrombocytopenia. The β1C-globulin was qualitatively low in 11 cases. No correlation between the coagulation or fibrinolytic data and the reduced β1C-globulin could be made. No patient had laboratory evidence compatible with a consumption-coagulopathy. The study suggests that the changes observed were similar to other inflammatory states and were probably nonspecific in nature. References 1. Lee L: Antigen-antibody reaction in the pathogenesis of bilateral renal cortical necrosis . J Exp Med 117:365-375, 1963.Crossref 2. Vassalli P, McCluskey RT: The coagulation process and glomerular disease . Amer J Med 39:179-183, 1965.Crossref 3. Katz DH, Unanue ER, Dixon FJ: Induction of intravascular coagulation and focal tissue necrosis in rats by administration of anti-connective tissue antibodies . Amer J Path 53:835-850,1968. 4. Halpern B, Milliez P, Lagrue G, et al: Protective action of heparin in experimental immune nephritis . Nature 205:257-259,1965.Crossref 5. Vaughan JH, Barnett EV, Leddy JP: Auto-sensitivity diseases: Immunologic and pathogenetic concepts in lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, and hemolytic anemia . New Eng J Med 275:1436; 1486-1494,1966.Crossref 6. McKay DG: Diseases of hypersensitivity . Arch Intern Med 116:83-94,1965.Crossref 7. Paronetto F, Koffler D: Immunofluorescent localization of immunoglobulins, complement and fibrinogen in human diseases: I. Systemic lupus erythematosus . J Clin Invest 44:1657-1664,1965.Crossref 8. Paronetto F, Koffler D: Immunofluorescent localization of immunoglobulins, complement, and fibrinogen in human diseases: II. Acute, subacute and chronic glomerulonephritis . J Clin Invest 44:1665-1671, 1965.Crossref 9. McCluskey RT, Vassalli P, Gallo G, et al: An immunofluorescent study of pathogenic mechanisms in glomerular diseases . New Eng J Med 274:695-701, 1966.Crossref 10. Herdman RC, Edson JR, Pickering RJ, et al: Anticoagulants in renal disease in children . Amer J Dis Child 119:27-35,1970. 11. Kincaid-Smith P, Saker BM, Fairley KF: Anticoagulants in "irreversible" acute renal failure . Lancet 2:1360-1363,1968.Crossref 12. Dougherty TF, Dolowitz DA: Physiologic actions of heparin not related to blood clotting . Amer J Cardiol 14:18-24,1964.Crossref 13. Kisker CT, Glueck H, Kauder E: Anaphylactoid purpura progressing to gangrene and its treatment with heparin . J Pediat 73:748-751, 1968.Crossref 14. Ten Pas A, Monto RW: The treatment of autoimmune hemolytic anemia with heparin . Amer J Med Sci 251:63-69,1966.Crossref 15. Engelberg H: Heparin Metabolism, Physiologic and Clinical Application . Springfield, Ill, Charles C Thomas Publisher, 1963. 16. Brecher G, Cronkite EP: Estimation of the number of platelets by phase microscopy , in Tocantins LM (ed): The Coagulation of Blood: Methods and Study . New York, Grune & Stratton, 1955, p 41. 17. Simone JV, Vanderheiden J, Abildgaard CF: Semiautomatic one-stage factor VIII assay with commercially prepared standard . J Lab Clin Med 69:706-712, 1967. 18. Quick AJ: Hemorrhagic Diseases . Philadelphia, Lea & Febiger, 1957, pp 379-387. 19. Hardisty RM, Ingram GIC: Bleeding Disorders . Oxford, England, Blackwell Scientific Publications, 1965, p 285. 20. Owren PA, Aas K: Control of dicumarol therapy and quantitative determination of prothrombin and proconvertin . Scand J Clin Lab Invest 3:201-208, 1951.Crossref 21. Shanberge JN, Matsuoka T, Fukui H: Simple method for preparation of substrate for one-stage factor V assay . Amer J Path 47:533-537,1967. 22. Ratnoff OD, Menzie C: New method for determination of fibrinogen in small samples of plasma . J Lab Clin Med 37:316-320,1951. 23. Alkjaersig N, Fletcher AP, Sherry S: The mechanism of clot dissolution by plasmin . J Clin Invest 38:1086-1095, 1959.Crossref 24. Konttinen YP: Activation of fibrinolytic system in human blood by streptokinase and changes in this system and in euglobulin clot lysis time in relation to age and sex . Scand J Clin Lab Invest 17 ( (suppl 82) ):1-111, 1965.Crossref 25. Sherry S, Lindemeyer RI, Fletcher AP, et al: Studies on enhanced fibrinolytic activity in man . J Clin Invest 38:810-822,1959.Crossref 26. Klemperer MR, Gotoff SP, Alper CA, et al: Estimation of the serum beta-l-C globulin concentration: Its relation to the serum hemolytic complement titer . Pediatrics 35:765-769, 1965. 27. Ouchterlony O: Diffusion-in-gel methods for immunological analysis II . Progr Allerg 6:30-154, 1962. 28. Stiehm ER, Trygstad CW: Split products of fibrin in human renal disease . Amer J Med 46:774-786, 1969.Crossref 29. Corrigan JJ Jr, Ray WL, May N: Changes in the blood coagulation system associated with septicemia . New Eng J Med 279:851-856, 1968.Crossref 30. Colman RW, Rodriguez-Erdmann F: Terminology of intravascular coagulation . New Eng J Med 282:99, 1970.Crossref 31. Horowitz HI: Treatment of defibrination syndromes (other than those of pregnancy) and fibrinolytic disorders , in Ratnoff OD (ed): Treatment of Hemorrhagic Disorders . New York, Harper & Row Publishers, 1968, pp 158-174. 32. Brain MC, Baker LRI, McBride JA, et al: Heparin therapy in the hemolytic uraemic syndrome . Quart J Med 36:608-609, 1967. 33. Godal HC, Abildgaard U: Gelation of soluble fibrin in plasma by ethanol . Scand J Haemat 3:342-350,1966.Crossref 34. Mosesson MW, Colman RW, Sherry S: Chronic intravascular coagulation syndrome . New Eng J Med 278:815-821, 1968.Crossref 35. Stefanini M: Intravascular coagulation, localized and diffuse . Wis Med J 66:286-292, 1967. 36. Ham TH, Curtis FC: Plasma fibrinogen response in man. Influence of the nutritional state, induced hyperpyrexia, infectious disease and liver damage . Medicine 17:413-445,1938. 37. Penick GD: Hypercoagulability , in Johnson SA, Guest MM (eds): Dynamics of Thrombus Formation and Dissolution . Philadelphia, JB Lippincott Co, 1969, p 254. 38. Owen CA Jr, Bowie EJW, Didisheim P, et al: Hypercoagulability and thrombosis , in Johnson SA, Guest MM (eds): Dynamics of Thrombus Formation and Dissolution . Philadelphia, JB Lippincott Co, 1969, p 260. 39. Takeda Y: Studies of the metabolism and distribution of fibrinogen in patients with rheumatoid arthritis . J Lab Clin Med 69:624-633, 1967. 40. Rapaport SI, Schiffman S, Patch MJ, et al: The importance of activation of antihemophilic globulin and proaccelerin by traces of thrombin in the generation of intrinsic prothrombinase activity . Blood 21:221-226,1963.

Felman, Alvin H.;Kirkpatrick, John A.

1970 American Journal of Diseases of Children

doi: 10.1001/archpedi.1970.02100090103009

Abstract Eight patients with bilateral Madelung's deformity were examined. All are short; less than the eighth percentile for their age. In seven, mesomelia occurred in both the upper and lower extremities. Dominant heredity is demonstrated in six, and in the other two the disease appears to have occurred sporadically. We believe case 1 through 7 represent examples of the syndrome of Leri and Weill, dyschondrosteose. The failure of patient 8 to pass the disease to her offspring suggests that it is either recessive or not a true example of dyschondrosteose. Five patients were unaware of their disease until discovered by physicians alert to this diagnosis. Two others were considered to have vitamin D resistant rickets, and another, Turner's syndrome. Sufficient numbers have now been reported to allow recognition of this group of abnormalities as a distinct syndrome. References 1. Leri A, Weill J: Une affection contenitable et symetrique du developpement asseux: La dyschondrosteose . Bull Soc Med Hop Paris 53:1491-1494, 1929. 2. Berdon WE, Grossman H, Baker DH: Dyschondrosteose (Leri-Weill syndrome): Congenital short forearms, Madelung-type wrist deformities, and moderate dwarfism . Radiology 85:677-681,1965.Crossref 3. Felman AH, Kirkpatrick JA Jr: Madelung's deformity: Observations in 17 patients . Radiology 93:1039-1042,1969. 4. Herdman RC, Langer LO, Good RA: Dyschondrosteosis: The most common cause of Madelung's deformity . J Pediat 68:434-441, 1966. 5. Lamy M, Maroteaux P: Les Chondrodystrophies genotypiques . Paris, L' Expansion Scient Franc, 1960, p 33. 6. Langer LO Jr: Dyschondrosteosis: A hereditable bone dysplasia with characteristic roentgenographic features . Amer J Roentgen 95:178-188,1965.Crossref 7. Pinals D, Heimann WG: Mesomelic dwarfism (dyschondrosteose of Leri and Weill) . JAMA 193:1056-1058, 1965.Crossref 8. Maresh MM: Linear growth of long bones of extremities from infancy through adolescence: Continuing Studies . Amer J Dis Child 89:725-742, 1955.

Coen, Ronald W.;Sutherland, James M.

1970 American Journal of Diseases of Children

doi: 10.1001/archpedi.1970.02100090106010pmid: 5537046

Abstract Anastomoses between fetal placental vascular beds of twin infants can be demonstrated quickly and easily with milk or infant formula as the contrast media. References 1. Benirschke K, Driscoll SG: The Pathology of the Human Placenta , ed 1. Berlin, Springer-Verlag, 1967, pp 92-98. 2. Moore CM, McAdams AJ, Sutherland JM: Intrauterine disseminated intravascular coagulation: A syndrome of multiple pregnancy with a dead twin fetus . J Pediat 74:523-528,1969.Crossref