American journal of diseases of children

HOWLAND, JOHN; MARRIOTT, W. McKIM

1916 American journal of diseases of children

doi: 10.1001/archpedi.1916.04110110002001

During the course of attacks of severe diarrhea, not of the ileocolitis type, in infants, alterations in the respiration are not infrequently encountered. The usual abdominal type of respiration of the young child is succeeded by one which is both costal and abdominal. The most striking feature is the amplitude of the respirations and the distinct effort with which they are accomplished. They are heaving, the thorax being often greatly elevated and depressed and the accessory muscles of respiration brought into play. There is no evidence of obstruction and no cyanosis. The frequency of the respiration is usually increased but not greatly so. Sometimes there is a greater or less alteration of the depth of the individual respirations so that a modified Cheyne-Stokes type results, but in general the excursions of the thorax and abdomen are nearly the same with succeeding respirations. This increased pulmonary ventilation or hyperpnea may go

CUTTER, IRVING S.; MORSE, MAX

1916 American journal of diseases of children

doi: 10.1001/archpedi.1916.04110110019002

It is to be expected that the excretion of creatin and of creatinin during acute nephritis in the child will show variations from the normal and from the adult normal; for it has been known for several years, through the earlier work of Amberg and Morrill1 and the later investigations of Rose, of Folin, and of Sedgwick, that creatin, an unusual component in the adult, is a normal constituent of children's urine and that the relation between relative muscle mass and creatinin output, which holds for the human organism at and beyond puberty5 breaks down in children at earlier ages. Again, many investigations demonstrate nitrogen retention in cases of nephritis, experimental and pathologic.6 As far as we are aware, however, it has not been determined what occurs in the child under such conditions. There are a few isolated reports7 bearing on the point but they are

CUTTER, IRVING S.; MORSE, MAX

1916 American journal of diseases of children

doi: 10.1001/archpedi.1916.04110110024003

The fact seems established, through the investigations of many workers,1 that in the adult, fasting involves an increase in the excretion of creatin. As far as we are aware, this condition has not been identified in the young. Fasting, however, affects the creatin output differently in different species of animals, for while in the adult of the human species, an increase in this component is observed, the reverse is the case in starving dogs.2 McCollum and Steenbock3 find the pig refractory under the influence of starvation. Mellanby4 reported a case of cyclic vomiting (recurrent vomiting) in a boy of 6 in which marked loss in weight occurred during the attacks. He speaks of creatin excretion in a child of 6 as being an abnormality and says also that there was an increase in creatin excretion two and three days before the attack, during which and after

SMITH, L. HOWARD

1916 American journal of diseases of children

doi: 10.1001/archpedi.1916.04110110026004

With the exception of facial nerve palsies, paralysis of a single peripheral nerve present at the time of birth is a rare condition. Clear descriptions of musculospiral paralysis of the newly born cannot be found in the literature. The two cases here reported came under observation in the outpatient department of the Harriet Lane Home of the Johns Hopkins Hospital. REPORT OF CASES Case 1. —Oct. 3, 1914, B. B., a girl, 19 days old, was brought to the dispensary by her mother because she did not move her left hand. Family History. —Father 28 years old; mother 25 years old; both healthy; two children in addition to the patient, 3 years old and 9 months old, respectively; both normal; no history of miscarriage or stillbirths, or of lues. Past History. —The patient was born spontaneously, at term, after a precipitate labor. The mother had been having pains throughout the

SCHLOSS, OSCAR M.; WORTHEN, THACHER W.

1916 American journal of diseases of children

doi: 10.1001/archpedi.1916.04110110035005

I. INTRODUCTION The possible absorption of unaltered or incompletely digested protein is a question of more than academic interest. It is well established that the introduction of foreign protein into the circulation may provoke certain specific reactions (formation of precipitins, sensitization, etc.). Nutritional disturbances in infants fed on cow's milk have been attributed to the biologic character of the food. According to our present conceptions the specific biologic properties of animal tissues reside in great part, if not entirely, in the protein constituents. It is generally believed, however, that the proteins are split into amino-acids before absorption. If such is universally true, biologic reactions to cow's milk would be unlikely, as it has been demonstrated that specificity is lost in protein cleavage products lower than the peptones. Ganghofer and Langer1 found that the intestinal tract of young animals permitted the passage of heterologous protein (beef, egg) as determined by

HIRSCHFELDER, ARTHUR D.; SCHLUTZ, FREDERIC W.

1916 American journal of diseases of children

doi: 10.1001/archpedi.1916.04110110054006

The studies of Morgenroth and his collaborators have shown that a number of quinin derivations manifest considerable curative powers against trypanosomes, spirochetes and pneumococci, and that this power reaches its maximum in the substance known as ethylhydrocuprein. Although this drug is very successful in curing mice affected with pneumococcus septicemia, Engwer and also one of us (H.) have been unable to obtain any striking series of cures in guinea-pigs and rabbits with experimental lobar pneumonia, even with the lowest dose (60,000 pairs per cubic millimeter) which is certainly fatal. This drug has been used with a certain amount of success in clinical pneumonia by Linné and Vetlesen and also locally in cases of pneumococcus keratitis by Ginsberg. Giemsa and Izar have found it a specific in the treatment of stubborn estivo-autumnal malaria cases which have withstood the action of quinin. Further extension of clinical observation with this drug in other

CLOUGH, F. E.

1916 American journal of diseases of children

doi: 10.1001/archpedi.1916.04110110060007

Mamie R., 7 years old. Premature at 6% months, raised in an incubator and fed on malted milk. Teething was normal. She walked at 13 months, but was always a tiny baby. She was never sick during childhood, but was always delicate. On March 3, 1914, she was taken with an attack of scarlet fever, so mild that it would have been overlooked, but for the fact that another more marked case appeared in the same family. All during the attack she passed but little urine, an average of 1½ ounces daily. On March 23 she came under my care. Physical examination at that time was negative; there was no edema nor symptoms of any description except the scanty urine. Mentally she was very bright, and continued so throughout the time reported on. The child was very thin and it was possible to palpate the entire abdomen thoroughly. The following

SCHWARTZ, A. B.

1916 American journal of diseases of children

doi: 10.1001/archpedi.1916.04110110061008

1916 American journal of diseases of children

doi: 10.1001/archpedi.1916.04110110090009