Archives of Otolaryngology

LARSELL, OLOF;FENTON, RALPH A.

1936 Archives of Otolaryngology

doi: 10.1001/archotol.1936.00640050702001

Abstract The results of anatomic and physiologic investigation indicate that the nasal membranes have a rich innervation from several sources. These nerves may be divided for our present purpose into two main groups—afferent and autonomic. The olfactory nerves are omitted from consideration. The autonomic fibers come in part from the superior cervical ganglion through the internal carotid plexus. These are the thoracolumbar autonomic, or sympathetic, fibers. Others come from the great superficial petrosal nerve, synapsing in the sphenopalatine ganglion. They include vasodilator and secretomotor fibers. These are the cranial autonomic, or parasympathetic, fibers. The sympathetic fibers from the superior cervical ganglion are chiefly vasoconstrictors, but they also include vasodilators, according to Dastre and Morat.1 The preganglionic fibers arise in the lower cervical and the upper thoracic portion of the cord, reaching the ganglion through the cervical sympathetic trunk. Vasodilator and secretory fibers from the sphenopalatine ganglion to References 1. Dastre, A., and Morat, J. P.: Recherches expérimentales sur le système nerveux vaso-moteur , Paris, G. Masson, 1884. 2. Tschellussow, M. A.: Die Innervation der Gefässe der Nasenschleimhaut , Arch. f. d. ges. Physiol. 151:523, 1913.Crossref 3. Blier, X.: Physiology of the Sphenopalatine Ganglion , Am. J. Physiol. 93:398, 1930. 4. Larsell, O., and Fenton, R. A.: Embryology and Neurohistology of Sphenopalatine Ganglion Connections , Ann. Otol., Rhin. & Laryng. 42:739, 1928. 5. Jung, L.; Tagand, R., and Chavanne, F.: (a) Sur l'innervation excitosécrétoire de la muqueuse nasale , Compt. rend. Soc. de biol. 95:835, 1926 6. Sympathique cervical et sécrétion nasale , Jung Compt. rend. Soc. de biol. 97:94, 1927 7. Sur la rôle trophique des nerfs sécrétoires , Jung Compt. rend. Soc. de biol. 99:515, 1928. 8. Kuntz, A.: Nerve Fibers of Spinal and Vagus Origin Associated with the Cephalic Sympathetic Nerves , Ann. Otol., Rhin. & Laryng. 43:50, 1934. 9. Hinsey, J. C.: The Anatomical Relations of the Sympathetic System to Visceral Sensation , A. Research Nerv. & Ment. Dis., Proc. 15:105, 1934. 10. Fay, Temple: Atypical Facial Neuralgia: A Syndrome of Vascular Pain , Ann. Otol., Rhin. & Laryng. 41:1030, 1932. 11. Larsell, O., and Burns, E. M.: Some Aspects of Certain of the Cranial Nerves , Ann. Otol., Rhin. & Laryng. 40:661, 1931. 12. Christensen, K.: The Innervation of the Nasal Mucosa with Special Reference to Its Afferent Supply , Ann. Otol., Rhin. & Laryng. 43:1066, 1934. 13. Davis, L., and Pollock, L. J.: The Rôle of the Sympathetic System in the Production of Pain in the Head , Arch. Neurol. & Psychiat. 27:282 ( (Feb.) ) 1932. 14. Weiss, S., and Davis, D.: The Significance of the Afferent Impulses from the Skin in the Mechanism of Visceral Pain: Skin Infiltration as a Useful Therapeutic Measure , Am. J. M. Sc. 176:517, 1928. 15. Davis, L., and Pollock, L. J.: The Rôle of the Autonomic Nervous System in the Production of Pain , J. A. M. A. 106:350 ( (Feb. 1) ) 1936. 16. Allen, W. F.: (a) Formatio Reticularis and Reticulospinal Tracts: Their Visceral Functions and Possible Relationships to Tonicity and Clonic Contractions , J. Washington Acad. Sc. 22:492, 1932 17. Effect on Respiration, Blood Pressure, and Carotid Pulse of Various Inhaled and Insufflated Vapors When Stimulating One Cranial Nerve and Various Combinations of Cranial Nerves: I. Branches of the Trigeminus Affected by These Stimulants , Am. J. Physiol. 87:319 ( (Dec.) ) 1928. 18. Allen, W. F.: Experimental Anatomical Studies on the Visceral Bulbo-Spinal Pathway in the Cat and Guinea Pig , J. Comp. Neurol. 42:393, 1927. 19. Clark, S. L.: Innervation of the Choroid Plexus and the Blood Vessels Within the Central Nervous System , J. Comp. Neurol. 60:21, 1934.

LARSELL, OLOF;FENTON, RALPH A.

1936 Archives of Otolaryngology

doi: 10.1001/archotol.1936.00640050711002

Abstract In a series of papers beginning in 1919 Mullin1 has repeatedly called attention to the relation between drainage from the paranasal sinuses and certain types of pulmonary infection. He pointed out that particles of india ink or bacteria introduced into the sinuses of cats and rabbits, the sinus membranes being injured to facilitate absorption, are taken up by the lymphatics and find their way to the bronchial and mediastinal lymph nodes. Mullin and Ryder2 reported that the inhalation of suspensions of carbon or of tubercle bacilli by rabbits results in pigmentations or tuberculous lesions similar to those of human tuberculosis, including involvement of bronchial lymph nodes. Various clinical observers have emphasized one or the other of the possible routes of entry of infectious material to the lungs and the related lymph nodes in relation to bronchitis, bronchiectasis and other pulmonary disturbances. Quinn and Meyer,3 Clerf References 1. Mullin, W. V.: The Lymph Drainage of the Accessory Nasal Sinuses , Tr. Am. Laryng., Rhin. & Otol. Soc. 25:73, 1919 2. The Relation of Sinus Disease to Disease of the Chest , Tr. Mid-West. Sect. Am. Laryng., Rhin. & Otol. Soc. 26:488, 1920 3. The Relation of Sinus Infection to Disease of the Lower Respiratory Tract , J. A. M. A. 87:739 ( (Sept. 4) ) 1926 4. A Review of Sinus Chest Infections , Ann. Otol., Rhin. & Laryng. 41:794, 1932. 5. Mullin, W. V., and Ryder, C.: Experimental Lesions of the Lungs Produced by the Inhalation of Fluids from the Nose and Throat , Am. Rev. Tuberc. 4:683 ( (Nov.) ) 1920. 6. Quinn, L. H., and Meyer, O.: The Relationship of Sinusitis and Bronchiectasis , Arch. Otolaryng. 10:152 ( (Aug.) ) 1929. 7. Clerf, L. H.: Bronchiectasis Associated with Diseases of Nasal Accessory Sinus: Etiology and Bronchoscopic Treatment of Bronchiectasis , Arch. Otolaryng. 6:28 ( (July) ) 1927. 8. Lawson, L. J.: The Role of Nasal Accessory Sinus Membranes in Systemic Infection and Toxemias , Ann. Otol., Rhin. & Laryng. 39:159, 1930. 9. Miller, W. S.: The Lymphatics and Lymph Flow of the Human Lung , Am. Rev. Tuberc. 3:193, 1919 10. A Study of Tubercular Lesions in the Lung of a Negro Child Nine Weeks Old , Miller Am. Rev. Tuberc. 18:373, 1928. 11. Fried, B. M.: The Lungs and the Macrophage System , Arch. Path. 17:76 ( (Jan.) ) 1934. 12. Rose, S. B.: The Finer Structure of the Lung, with Special Reference to Its Vascular Character and Its Pathologic Significance , Arch. Path. 6:36 ( (July) ) 1928. 13. Loosli, C. G.: The Rabbit's Lung After Phrenicotomy and Pneumothorax , Anat. Rec. (supp.) 61:32 ( (March) ) 1935. 14. Miller, W. S.: The Epithelium of the Lower Respiratory Tract , in Cowdry, E. V.: Special Cytology , ed. 2, New York, Paul B. Hoeber, Inc., 1932, vol. 1, p. 105. 15. Stöhr, P.: A Text Book of Histology , edited by J. L. Bremer, ed. 5, Philadelphia, P. Blakiston's Son & Co., 1936. 16. Foot, N. G.: On the Origin of Pulmonary Dust Allergy , Am. J. Path. 3:413, 1927. 17. Wislocki, G. B.: On the Fate of Carbon Particles Injected into the Circulation, with Especial Reference to the Lungs , Am. J. Anat. 32:423, 1924. 18. Ravenel, M. P., and Reichel, John: Tuberculous Infection Through the Alimentary Canal , J. M. Research 18:1, 1908.

FENTON, RALPH A.;LARSELL, OLOF

1936 Archives of Otolaryngology

doi: 10.1001/archotol.1936.00640050729003

Abstract After our report in 19351 of the reparative reactions produced in acute experimental sinusitis in the cat by certain substances resembling ephedrine, Dr. K. K. Chen requested us to report on four of these drugs, especially as to their shrinking powers and their reparative effects in chronic inflammation of the sinuses. SUMMARY OF EXPERIMENTS In a considerable series of private patients the effects of these substances on the inferior turbinate were tested by swabbing on a 1 per cent solution, and in a smaller series the solution was dropped into the nose with the head reversed, with the following results: Tetrandrine methiodide in a 1 per cent and in a 0.5 per cent solution produced a pinkish precipitate at room temperature after twenty-four hours; hence it was used only a few times. Shrinkage was rather marked, but some complaint was made of a bitter taste and slight burning. References 1. Fenton, R. A., and Larsell, O.: Research Report on Experimental and Clinical Sinusitis , Arch. Otolaryng. 23:18 ( (Jan.) ) 1936.Crossref 2. K. K. Chen in a personal communication stated: "Betaphenylethylamine hydrochloride is slightly more toxic than ephedrine sulfate but is decidedly much less toxic than neo-synephrin. All these figures were obtained by intravenous injection."

CIOCCO, ANTONIO

1936 Archives of Otolaryngology

doi: 10.1001/archotol.1936.00640050738004

Abstract Usually the impairment of hearing by air conduction in patients with conduction deafness is accounted for readily by either lesions of the middle ear or otosclerotic lesions. When such patients have impairment of hearing by bone conduction the customary explanation is that there is also a lesion of the inner ear, the cochlear nerve or the auditory pathways of the central nervous system, i. e., that the patient has a so-called combined deafness. For some patients this is doubtless the correct explanation. However, the available evidence gives but poor support to the view that it is always the correct explanation. The present investigation reports the incidence of impairment of hearing by bone conduction in a group of 516 patients who with either one or both ears heard better by bone than by air conduction. Furthermore, the present study seeks to determine by statistical analyses of the clinical histories References 1. Ciocco and Weinstein ( Am. J. M. Sc. 187:100, 1934)Crossref 2. Ciocco ( Acta oto-laryng. 22:529, 1935).Crossref 3. Pohlman, A. G., and Kranz, F. W.: Ann. Otol., Rhin. & Laryng. 35:113, 1926 4. 39:927, 1930. 5. Knudsen, V. O., and Jones, I. H.: Bone Conduction , Arch. Otolaryng. 13:489 ( (April) ) 1930. 6. Hallpike, C. S.: J. Laryng. & Otol. 45:1, 1930. 7. Guild, S. R.: A Method of Classifying Audiograms , Laryngoscope 42:821, 1932.

FOWLER, EDMUND PRINCE

1936 Archives of Otolaryngology

doi: 10.1001/archotol.1936.00640050746005

Abstract This is a preliminary report of some experiments undertaken to find a method for detecting threatened or potential ankylosis of the stapes before there is any loss of hearing as shown by the usual functional tests. The approach was by way of sounds louder than those of minimum audibility. The idea is to diagnose clinical otosclerosis (or other dyscrasia of the bone about the windows of the labyrinth) so early that experimental observations and preventive treatment may be instituted at a time when they will be of most service. There is no evidence that anything can be done to reverse the otosclerotic process, but it does stop at various stages of development, and early detection would open up possibilities for treatment now unavailable. The background for my experiments was laid on the following observations and hypothesis. OBSERVATIONS Throughout the ages acuity of hearing has been measured at mini References 1. MacKenzie, Donald: The Relative Sensitivity of the Ear at Different Levels of Loudness , Physical Rev. 20:331, 1922.Crossref 2. Kingsbury, B. A.: Direct Comparison of the Loudness of Pure Tones , Physical Rev. 29:373 and 588, 1927Crossref 3. Steinberg, J. C.: The Function of the Apical Turns of the Cochlea and the Symptoms of a Lesion in this Location: IV. From the Point of View of the Physicist , Tr. Am. Otol. Soc. 25:131, 1935. 4. In other words, the alternate binaural loudness required to balance. 5. No matter what minimum audibility indicates, sounds 10 or 15 decibels above the threshold will mask the tinnitus and will be loud enough to be easily heard and balanced binaurally. The balance will then show the relative sensitivity of the two ears at these intensities.

WENNER, W. F.;ALEXANDER, J. H.

1936 Archives of Otolaryngology

doi: 10.1001/archotol.1936.00640050757006

Abstract Intranasal ionization with zinc sulfate is attended by destructive changes in the nasal mucosa (McMahon,1 Hollender and Gorin2 and Smit3). These changes consist of coagulative necrosis and desquamation of surface epithelium, atrophy and loss of glands, extravasation of red blood cells, leukocytic infiltration, fibrosis of the submucosa and thickening of the periosteum. Unless a chronic inflammatory process becomes established, the denuded epithelium is replaced by stratified dedifferentiated epithelial cells, which give rise to normal ciliated columnar epithelium within from six weeks to three months. During this time secretion is diminished because of the loss of functional secreting cells of the intra-epithelial and subepithelial glands. The mucosa presents a dry, shrunken appearance. The shrunken, blanched appearance of the nasal mucosa, as observed clinically and experimentally, may be the result of several changes induced by ionization. Koeppen4 showed that a galvanic current of 24 milliamperes may References 1. McMahon, B. J.: Late Changes in the Mucosa of the Frontal Sinuses and Nose of Dogs Following Ionization , Arch. Otolaryng. 22:545 ( (Oct.) ) 1935.Crossref 2. Hollender, A. R., and Gorin, M.: Influence of Ionization on Vasomotor Rhinitis: Clinical and Experimental Studies , Illinois M. J. 68:493, 1935. 3. Smit, H. M.: Tissue Changes in Iontophoresis , Ann. Otol., Rhin. & Laryng. 45:38, 1936. 4. Koeppen, S.: Elektrizitätsschäden im Tierexperiment mit besonderer Berücksichtigung des elektrischen Todes , Virchows Arch. f. path. Anat. 290:460, 1933. 5. Wenner, W. F.: Studies on Zinc Iontophoresis , Ann. Otol., Rhin. & Laryng. 45:31, 1936. 6. Eppinger, H., and Hess, L.: Zur Pathologie des vegatativen Nervensystems , Ztschr. f. klin. Med. 67:345, 1909 7. Vagotonia: Clinical Study in Vegetative Neurology , ed. 2, New York, The Nervous and Mental Disease Publishing Company, 1917. 8. Cooke, R. A.: Hay Fever and Asthma: The Uses and Limitations of Desensitization , New York M. J. 107:577, 1918. 9. Hajos, K.; Nemeth, L., and Engedy, Z.: Ueber den Einfluss der direkten Vagusreizung auf die Eosinophilie und auf die Leberstruktur , Ztschr. f. d. ges. exper. Med. 48:590, 1926. 10. Alexander, J. H.: Passive Transfer Relation of the Reagin Content of the Blood to Iontophoresis , Ann. Otol., Rhin. & Laryng. 45:62, 1936.

WOODWARD, FLETCHER D.

1936 Archives of Otolaryngology

doi: 10.1001/archotol.1936.00640050768007

Abstract There has been almost universal disregard of the staphylococcus as a potential pathogen in the nose, pharynx and bronchi, in spite of the high percentage of staphylococci reported in the numerous bacteriologic studies made of these regions. Attention has been so focused on streptococci, pneumococci, influenza bacilli, fungi and spirochetal organisms that the staphylococcus has come to be regarded as a common, nonpathogenic inhabitant of these areas and its presence ignored. Cultures of material from the spheno-ethmoid region of sixty-four patients with chronic low grade sinus infection revealed that hemolytic staphylococci were found forty-eight times (an incidence of 75 per cent), nonhemolytic staphylococci forty-six times (an incidence of 72 per cent), Streptococcus viridans once, hemolytic streptococci once, nonhemolytic streptococci four times, type II pneumococci once, type IV pneumococci five times, Bacillus influenzae three times, Micrococcus catarrhalis four times and, among nonpathogenic bacteria, Bacillus xerosis ten times, Bacillus Hofmanni eleven times, References 1. Dolman, C. E.: Treatment of Localized Staphylococcic Infections with Staphylococcus Toxoid , J. A. M. A. 100:1007-1010 ( (April 1) ) 1933.Crossref

HEINBERG, C. J.

1936 Archives of Otolaryngology

doi: 10.1001/archotol.1936.00640050773008

Abstract The primary investigations of Carrol Birch,1 of Chicago, in 1931 led to the use of ovarian extract in the treatment of hemophilia. Birch reasoned that since the disease occurs only in the male there is something lacking in the male organism which is present in the transmitting female which prevents the development of clinical manifestations of the disease. Working on this theory, she has treated hemophilia with ovarian extract with excellent results, and the use of this in the hands of many others since that time has proved the value of her work. It was also shown that the addition of ovarian substance lowers the coagulation time of blood from a hemophiliac in vitro. At the suggestion of A. J. Carlson, Birch demonstrated that when the urine from normal men is concentrated and injected in sufficient quantities into castrated female rats an estrus cycle is produced. The urine References 1. Birch, Carroll L.: Hemophilia , J. A. M. A. 99:1566-1572 ( (Nov. 15) ) 1932Crossref 2. Hemophilia and the Female Sex Hormone: Preliminary Report , Birch, Carroll L.: J. A. M. A. 97:244 ( (July 25) ) 1931.Crossref 3. Spoto, J. S.: Treatment of Hemophilia with Ovarian Extract: Report of Two Cases , J. Florida M. A. 20:9 ( (July) ) 1933. 4. Howell, W. H.: The Rôle of Antithrombin and Thromboplastin (Thromboplastic Substance) in the Coagulation of Blood , Am. J. Physiol. 29:187, 1911.

SMITH, FERRIS

1936 Archives of Otolaryngology

doi: 10.1001/archotol.1936.00640050777009

This article is only available in the PDF format. Download the PDF to view the article, as well as its associated figures and tables. Abstract I wish to present a method of roentgenographic study of the ethmoid labyrinths which permits examination of the individual cells without superimposed neighboring structures and also projects the sphenoid sinus of the same side into a position for examination. The sphenoid sinus is further studied in a lateral and in an axial view. The positions usually employed for the examination of the ethmoid labyrinth do not permit a study of the individual cells. The Rhese position has furnished the nearest approach to a satisfactory picture, but the position of the projected Fig. 1.—In A and B, the line R represents the direction of the ray in the Rhese position. The tube is centered through the orbit from the upper margin of the opposite pinna. M indicates the direction of the ray in the modified position. The tube is centered 10 degrees above the line R. In C, R

KATZ, BENJAMIN

1936 Archives of Otolaryngology

doi: 10.1001/archotol.1936.00640050779010

Abstract When a particular organ is constantly strained during the course of professional work, certain pathologic conditions characteristic of this particular profession develop. In singers incorrect methods of voice training and of singing, the necessity of using the voice during or after colds, neglectful or improper dealing with repeated attacks of sore throat, and inflammation of the larynx usually result in chronic catarrh of the larynx, which sooner or later impairs the functional capacity of the organ. Fortunately, nature created the vocal organ in such a way that the most vital parts of the larynx are resistant and become affected late. Experiments carried out on cadavers demonstrate that if liquid is injected into the mucosa of the larynx it spreads according to certain laws. The liquid accumulates in the interarytenoid space, forming a swelling, and it does not penetrate the true vocal cords. This fact corresponds with the

BILCHICK, EDWIN B.

1936 Archives of Otolaryngology

doi: 10.1001/archotol.1936.00640050783011

Abstract The modern concept of the autonomic nervous system is that of a vast and varied mechanism controlling the vegetative processes of the body. It consists of the ganglions that are anatomically and functionally connected with the central nervous system through the visceral efferent components of the cerebral and spinal nerves and the nerves that arise in these ganglions.1 It is composed of the sympathetic system, which includes the cervicothoracic and lumbar divisions, and the parasympathetic system, which includes the cranial and sacral divisions. Extensive studies of the autonomic system have been carried out to show its regulation of the so-called vegetative processes in the body: digestion, respiration, circulation, excretion, urination, defecation and secretion. The relation of the autonomic system to changes in the blood pressure, basal metabolism and vascular tonus and to the action of the endocrine glands, particularly the thyroid, pituitary and adrenal glands, forms an interesting References 1. Kuntz, Albert: The Autonomic Nervous System: Essential Anatomy , J. A. M. A. 106:345 ( (Feb. 1) ) 1936.Crossref 2. Eppinger and Hess: Zur Pathologie des vegetativen Nervensystems , Ztschr. f. klin. Med. 67:345, 1909. 3. Jarvis, D. C.: Ann. Otol., Rhin. & Laryng. 41:1124 ( (Dec.) ) 1932 4. Tr. Am. Laryng. A. 54:112, 1932 5. Changes in the Color of the Intranasal Mucous Membrane as a Guide to the Status of the Sympathetic and of the Parasympathetic System , Arch. Otolaryng. 21:131 ( (Feb.) ) 1935. 6. Blackmar, F.: Laryngoscope 44:959 ( (Dec.) ) 1934. 7. Frank, I.: Laryngoscope 43:48 ( (Jan.) ) 1933. 8. Alden, A. M.: Tr. Am. Laryng. A. 54:118, 1932. 9. Bernheimer, L. B., and Cohn, D. J.: Color of the Nasal Septum: Critical Study of Its Supposed Value as an Index for Dietary Therapy in Diseases of the Upper Respiratory Tract , J. A. M. A. 100:1324 ( (April 29) ) 1933. 10. Jarvis, D. C., quoted by Bernheimer.9 11. Bernheimer, L. B.: Color Index of the Nasal Septum: Critical Study of the Vasomotor Mechanism of the Nose , Arch. Otolaryng. 20:31 ( (July) ) 1934. 12. Draper, George: Human Constitution , Philadelphia, W. B. Saunders Company, 1924. 13. Balint, R., quoted by Kuntz, A.: The Autonomic Nervous System , ed. 2, Philadelphia, Lea & Febiger, 1934, p. 482. 14. Cespai, Hollo and Weiss: Ztschr. f. d. ges. exper. Med. 56:206, 1925.

HANSEL, FRENCH K.

1936 Archives of Otolaryngology

doi: 10.1001/archotol.1936.00640050786012

Abstract (Concluded from page 661) TREATMENT Discussing nupercaine as a local anesthetic in otolaryngology, Egan82 states that he has found that a 1: 1,000 concentration appears to be a satisfactory anesthetic for infiltration previous to tonsillectomy. The duration of the anesthesia produced exceeds that produced by 1 per cent procaine hydrochloride. No evidence of local irritation, delayed healing or systemic intoxication was noted after the use of nupercaine ciba. A new soft palate retractor and an adenoid punch for removing the remnants of adenoids were devised by Love.83 By means of the soft palate retractors a direct view of the epipharynx can be obtained. When remnants of adenoids are present, they can be removed easily with the basket punch. The soft palate retractor can also be used when inserting a postnasal pack. A new soft palate retractor permitting adenoidectomy under direct vision was devised by Gidoll.84 The instrument References 1. Egan, E. F.: Nupercaine as a Local Anesthetic in Rhino-Laryngology , Laryngoscope 44:829, 1934.Crossref 2. Love, A. A.: A New Soft Palate Retractor and Adenoid Punch , Arch. Otolaryng. 19:66 ( (Jan.) ) 1934.Crossref 3. Gidoll, S. H.: A New Soft Palate Retractor Permitting Adenoidectomy Under Direct Vision , Arch. Otolaryng. 20:69 ( (July) ) 1934.Crossref 4. Harris, M. L.: Ligature Carrier and Tier , Arch. Otolaryng. 19:68 ( (Jan.) ) 1934.Crossref 5. Goldman, I.B.: A New Instrument for Treatment of Peritonsillar Abscess , Laryngoscope 45:964, 1935.Crossref 6. Macpherson, D.: Operation for Removal of Carcinoma of the Faucial Tonsil and Contiguous Parts , Ann. Otol., Rhin. & Laryng. 43:717, 1934. 7. Fowler, R. H.: Progress in Tonsil Surgery, Illustrated by Slides and Motion Pictures, with a Background of Twenty-Five Thousand Cases , Laryngoscope 44:769, 1934. 8. Bass, M. H.: Results of Tonsillectomy in Private Practice , Laryngoscope 44:780, 1934. 9. Mason, H. H.: Personal Observations on the After-Effects of Tonsillectomy , Laryngoscope 44:784, 1934. 10. Holding, A. F.: The Need for Improved Technic in Tonsillectomy , Laryngoscope 45:458, 1935. 11. Jones, D. H.: How to Obviate Failures in the Results of Tonsillectomy , Laryngoscope 44:847, 1934. 12. Hays, H.: Control of Discomfort and Pain in Throat Affections and After Tonsillectomy , Eye, Ear, Nose & Throat Monthly 15:194 ( (July) ) 1936. 13. Yonker, W. J.: Obstacles Encountered in Electrocoagulation of Tonsils , Ann. Otol., Rhin. & Laryng. 43:1117, 1934. 14. Shambaugh, G. E.; Dougherty, C. L., and Yonker, W. J.: Electrocoagulation in the Practice of Otolaryngology , S. Clin. North America 17:1157, 1932. 15. Roberts, E. H.: The Present Status of Diathermy or Electrocoagulation in the Treatment of Tonsil Disease , Laryngoscope 44:941, 1934. 16. Mock, H. E.: Electrosurgery: A Discussion of Indications, Advantages, Disadvantages and Warnings Concerning Its Use , J. A. M. A. 104:2341 ( (June 29) ) 1935. 17. Norrie, F. H.: Notes on Diathermy in Ear, Nose and Throat , J. Laryng. & Otol. 49:73, 1934. 18. Jobson, G. B.: A Set of Instruments for Electrosurgical Tonsillectomy , Arch. Otolaryng. 20:707 ( (Nov.) ) 1934. 19. Malone, P. W.: Electrosurgical Technic of Tonsillectomy Under Local Anesthesia , Arch. Otolaryng. 21:93 ( (Jan.) ) 1935. 20. Hasenjäger, E.: Roentgenotherapy of Tonsillitis , Med. Klin. 29:1311, 1933. 21. Hess, P.: Roentgenotherapy in Chronic Tonsillitis , München. med. Wchnschr. 80:384, 1933. 22. Wolff, E.: Roentgen Treatment in Chronic Tonsillitis with Especial Regard to Anatomicopathologic Changes in Irradiated Tonsils , Finska läk.-sällsk. handl. 75:965, 1933. 23. Niemeyer, R.: Roentgen Treatment of Recurrent Inflammation of the Nasopharynx , Monatschr. f. Kinderh. 58:439, 1933. 24. Cutler, M.: Radium Dosage and Technic in Carcinoma of Tonsil, Pharynx, and Larynx , Am. J. Roentgenol. 33:690, 1935. 25. Martin, C. L.: Irradiation Therapy of Malignant Tumors of the Oral Cavity, Eye, Ear, Nose and Throat , Ann. Otol., Rhin. & Laryng. 44:426, 1935. 26. Galloway, T. C.: The Selective Treatment of Malignancy About the Head , Ann. Otol., Rhin. & Laryng. 44:450, 1935. 27. Ballenger, H. C.: Bacteremia and Acute Infections of the Upper Respiratory Tract , Arch. Otolaryng. 20:452 ( (Oct.) ) 1934. 28. Baum, H. L.: A Method of Specific Treatment in Certain Streptococcic Infections , Arch. Otolaryng. 20:504 ( (Oct.) ) 1934. 29. Havens, F. Z.: Infections of the Neck , Arch. Otolaryng. 21:536 ( (May) ) 1935. 30. Truffert, P., and Viela, A.: Perilaryngeal and Pharyngeal Suppurations , Oto-rhino-laryng. internat. 18:677, 1934. 31. Beck, A. L.: Parapharyngeal Infections and Internal Jugular Vein Thrombosis: Diagnosis and Treatment , Laryngoscope 44:431, 1934. 32. Waldapfel, R.: Clinical Aspects and Therapy of Sepsis Following Tonsillitis , Wien. klin. Wchnschr. 48:136, 1935. 33. Uffenorde, W.: Thrombosis of the Jugular Veins as a Complication of Tonsillar Infection Transmitted by Way of the Lymph Vessels , Ztschr. f. Laryng., Rhin., Otol. 25:307, 1934. 34. Haymann, L.: Surveys on Tonsillogenous Sepsis (Contribution to Pathogenesis, Pathology and Clinical Aspects) , Ztschr. f. Hals-, Nasen- u. Ohrenh. 35:288, 1934. 35. Myers, W. K.: Posttonsillitic Pyemia: Report of Three Cases , M. Ann. District of Columbia 3:279, 1934. 36. Abt, I. A.: Postanginal Sepsis , Ann. Otol., Rhin. & Laryng. 43:441, 1934. 37. Schneider, F. A.: Identity of Course of Posttonsillitic Sepsis and Puerperal Sepsis , Arch. f. Ohren-, Nasen- u. Kehlkopfh. 137:75, 1933. 38. Hybasek, J.: Sepsis Following Angina and Tonsillectomy , Časop. lék. česk. 71:993, 1932. 39. Zöllner, F.: Tonsillectomy in the Presence of Acute Infection , München. med. Wchnschr. 81:634, 1934. 40. Hofer, G., and Motloch, T.: Tonsillectomy and Peritonsillar Abscess , Ztschr. f. Hals-, Nasen- u. Ohrenh. 35:390, 1934. 41. Tonndorf: Tonsillectomy During the Acute Stage of Peritonsillar Abcess , Ztschr. f. Hals-, Nasen- u. Ohrenh. 36:316, 1934. 42. Linck, A.: Simple Incision, Incision and Secondary Tonsillectomy and Tonsillectomy in the Course of Peritonsillar Abscess , Ztschr. f. Laryng., Rhin., Otol. 25:79, 1934. 43. Zöllner, F.: Tonsillectomy or Incision in Peritonsillar Abscess? Ztschr. f. Hals-, Nasen- u. Ohrenh. 35:509, 1934. 44. Canuyt, G.: Total Tonsillectomy in the "Sub-Acute" Stage After a Wide Incision of a Peritonsillar Abscess , Ann. d'oto-laryng. , (February) 1934, p. 130. 45. Tato, J. M.: The Treatment of Quinsy and Peritonsillar Abscess by Tonsillectomy as the Method of Choice , Rev. españ. y am. de laryng. 24:12, 1933. 46. Escat, E.: Inferior Peritonsillar Abscess , Ann. d'oto-laryng. , (October) 1933, p. 1137. 47. Lapouge: Gangrenous Phlegmons of the Tonsillar Fossa , Ann. d'oto-laryng. , (June) 1935, p. 643. 48. Teed, R. W.: Bilateral Encapsulated Peritonsillar Abscess in a Child: Review of the Literature and Report of a Case , Arch. Otolaryng. 22:90 ( (July) ) 1935.Crossref 49. Sugaya, S.: Peritonsillar Abscess Following an Interesting Course , Otorino-laryng. ital. 8:437, 1935. 50. Rosenberg, L., and Berke, M.: Complications of Retropharyngeal Abscess , J. Pediat. 4:764, 1934.Crossref 51. Salinger, S., and Pearlman, S. J.: Hemorrhage from Pharyngeal and Peritonsillar Abscesses: Report of Cases, Résumé of Literature and Discussion of Ligation of Carotid Artery , Arch. Otolaryng. 18:464 ( (Oct.) ) 1933.Crossref 52. Sheldon, J. H.: Serous Meningitis of Allergic Nature , Lancet 1:798, 1933.Crossref 53. Gray, H. J.: Streptococcic Meningitis: Report of Case with Recovery , J. A. M. A. 105:92 ( (July 13) ) 1935.Crossref 54. de Wesselow, O.; Goadby, H., and Derry, D.: Tonsillitis and Albuminuria , Brit. M. J. 1:1065, 1935.Crossref 55. 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1936 Archives of Otolaryngology

doi: 10.1001/archotol.1936.00640050809013

This article is only available in the PDF format. Download the PDF to view the article, as well as its associated figures and tables.

FRANK, IRA;THEOBALD, WALTER H.

1936 Archives of Otolaryngology

doi: 10.1001/archotol.1936.00640050818014

This article is only available in the PDF format. Download the PDF to view the article, as well as its associated figures and tables. Abstract THEONTOGENETICAPPROACH TO THEPATHOLOGY OFDEAFNESS. DR. LOUIS K. GUGGENHEIM, St. Louis. Of the various approaches to the pathology of deafness, the embryologic has been the most neglected. The reason seems to be that few otologists understand the ontogenesis of the ear and embryologists are usually not interested in deafness. An adhesive process or fibrosis of the tympanum was formerly considered to be entirely of inflammatory origin. If it was a sequel of chronic suppuration, it resulted from organization of granulation tissue or from direct differentiation of round cells into fibroblasts and connective tissue. In cases in which there was no suppuration a mild but long-continued round cell infiltration caused the fibrosis. The histologic picture of otosclerosis, accurately described by Politzer over fifty years ago, was accepted as the sole phase of that mysterious malady. Then came a closer relationship between otolaryngology and general medicine and with it

1936 Archives of Otolaryngology

doi: 10.1001/archotol.1936.00640050824015

This article is only available in the PDF format. Download the PDF to view the article, as well as its associated figures and tables. Abstract This comprehensive treatise on the subject of foreign bodies in the respiratory and food passages consists of 994 pages. In separate chapters the authors deal with the etiology of foreign bodies in the air and food passages, the prophylaxis, pathology, symptomatology and diagnosis of foreign bodies in the air passages, treatment of patients with foreign bodies, mechanical problems of removal, extraction of foreign bodies from the esophagus, diagnosis and the treatment for foreign bodies in the gastro-intestinal tract. Altogether, 333 pages of the treatise are devoted to these subjects. An appendix including elaborate tables comprises the remainder of the volume. The treatise will be of interest to the general practitioner as well as to the specialist in this field.

1936 Archives of Otolaryngology

doi: 10.1001/archotol.1936.00640050824016

This article is only available in the PDF format. Download the PDF to view the article, as well as its associated figures and tables. Abstract An examination was held in New York on Sept. 25 and 26, 1936, prior to the meeting of the American Academy of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology. Of the 120 candidates examined, 103 were certified. An examination will be held in Philadelphia on June 7 and 8, 1937, during the Annual Session of the American Medical Association in Atlantic City, N. J. Prospective applicants for the certificate may secure application blanks from the secretary, Dr. W. P. Wherry, 1500 Medical Arts Building, Omaha.

1936 Archives of Otolaryngology

doi: 10.1001/archotol.1936.00640050825017