1983 Archives of Ophthalmology
doi: 10.1001/archopht.1983.01040010686001
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1983 Archives of Ophthalmology
doi: 10.1001/archopht.1983.01040010713002pmid: 6847458
Abstract • From 1964 to 1980, 205 patients with choroidal melanoma were treated with 106Ru/106Rh β-ray applicators (8,000 to 10,000 rad at the summit of the tumor within 14 days). In 132 (64.4%) cases, this treatment was successful. Thirty-six (17.6%) had to be enucleated after irradiation and 37 died, 21 of them of metastases. Of the 132 successfully treated patients, 60 (45.5%) had flat scars and 34 (25.8%) retained a visual acuity of 0.5 to 1.5. Radiogenic late complications with damage to the retinal capillary system were the main causes of visual deterioration, especially in eyes with tumors close to the posterior pole. The survival rate of 85.1% after five years is substantially higher than that for patients who were primarily treated with enucleation. References 1. Zimmerman LE, McLean IW, Foster WD: Does enucleation of the eye containing a malignant melanoma prevent or accelerate the dissemination of tumor cells? Br J Ophthalmol 1978;62:420-425.Crossref 2. Zimmerman LE, McLean IW: Effect of enucleation on uveal melanomas . Am J Ophthalmol 1979;87:741-760. 3. Boniuk M: A crisis in the management of patients with choroidal melanoma . Am J Ophthalmol 1979;87:840-842. 4. Jakobiec FA: A moratorium on enucleation for choroidal melanoma . Am J Ophthalmol 1979;87:842-846. 5. Freundlich HF: A new beta-ray applicator using fission products . Nature 1949;164:308-310.Crossref 6. Lommatzsch PK: Treatment of choroidal melanomas with Ru-106/Rh-106 beta-ray applicators . Surv Ophthalmol 1974;19:85-100. 7. Lommatzsch PK: Radiotherapie der intraokularen Tumoren, insbesondere bei Aderhautmelanom . Klin Monatsbl Augenheilkd 1979;174:948-958. 8. Stallard HB: Radiotherapy for malignant melanoma of the choroid . Br J Ophthalmol 1966;50:147-155.Crossref 9. Guthoff R: Modellmessungen zur Volumenbestimmung des malignen Aderhautmelanoms . Albrecht Von Graefes Arch Klin Exp Ophthalmol 1980;214:139-146.Crossref 10. MacFaul PA: Local radiotherapy in the treatment of malignant melanoma of the choroid . Trans Ophthal 1977;97:421-427. 11. Packer S, Rotman M, Fairchild RG, et al: Irradiation of choroidal melanoma with iodine 125 ophthalmic plaque . Arch Opththalmol 1980;98:1453-1457.Crossref 12. Rotman M, Long RS, Packer S, et al: Radiation therapy of choroidal melanoma . Trans Ophthalmol Soc UK 1977;97:431-435. 13. Haddow A, Alexander P: An immunological method of increasing the sensitivity of primary sarcomas to local irradiation with X rays . Lancet 1964;1:452-457.Crossref 14. Gragoudas ES, Goitein M, Verhey L, et al: Proton beam irradiation: An alternative to enucleation for intraocular melanomas . Ophthalmology 1980;87:571-581.Crossref 15. Char DH, Castro JR, Quivey JM, et al: Helium ion charged particle therapy for choroidal melanoma . Ophthalmology 1980;87:565-570.Crossref
Gouras, Peter;Eggers, Howard M.;MacKay, Cynthia J.
1983 Archives of Ophthalmology
doi: 10.1001/archopht.1983.01040010718003pmid: 6601944
Abstract • An unusual retinal degeneration considered to be inherited as an autosomal recessive trait occurred in two of four children in a Hispanic family. The abnormality causes a progressive and generalized loss of cone vision, including decreased acuity, decreased color vision, central scotomas to small test objects, photo-phobia, and a profound diminution of the cone-mediated electroretinographic (ERG) pattern. A loss of the foveal reflex and an increased granularity of the macula is seen funduscopically. In addition, there is a most unusual alteration of the rod system detectable in the rodmediated ERG pattern. This rod response is supernormal in amplitude (>1,000 μV, extrapolated), delayed in time course, and insensitive to dim stimuli, ie, the function relating response to light intensity has been drastically altered. The insensitivity to dim stimuli is accompanied by a mild nyctalopia. Some of these abnormalities could be caused by a defect in the retinal enzyme, cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase. References 1. Krill AE: Krill's Hereditary Retinal and Choroidal Disease . Hagerstown, Md, Harper & Row Publishers Inc, 1977, vol 2: Clinical Characteristics , pp 355-643. 2. Pokorny J, Smith VC, Verriest G, et al: Congenital and Acquired Color Vision Defects . New York, Grune & Stratton, 1979, chap 7 and 8 . 3. Cavender JC, Schwartz LJ, Spivey BE: Hereditary macular dystrophies , in Duane TD (ed): Clinical Ophthalmology . Hagerstown, Md, Harper & Row Publishers Inc, 1979, vol 3, chap 9. 4. Carr RE: Primary retinal degenerations , in Duane TD (ed): Clinical Ophthalmology . Hagerstown, Md, Harper & Row Publishers Inc, 1979, vol 3, chap 24. 5. Berson EL, Gouras P, Gunkel RD: Progressive cone degeneration, dominantly inherited . Arch Ophthalmol 1968;80:77-83.Crossref 6. Krill AE, Deutman AF: Dominant macular degenerations: The cone dystrophies . Am J Ophthalmol 1972;73:352-369. 7. Francois J, DeRouck A, DeLaey JJ: Progressive cone dystrophies . Ophthalmologica 1976; 173:81-101.Crossref 8. Fishman GA: Progressive human cone-rod dysfunction (dystrophy) . Trans Am Acad Ophthalmol Otolaryngol 1976;81:716-724. 9. Jaeger W, Krastel H, Blankenagel A: Zur Symptomatik der Zapfendystrophie . Ber Zusammenkunft Dtsch Ophthalmol Ges 1979;76:397-408. 10. Gouras P, Carr RE: Electrophysiological studies in early retinitis pigmentosa . Arch Ophthalmol 1964;72:104-110.Crossref 11. Berson EL, Gouras P, Gunkel RD: Rod responses in retinitis pigmentosa, dominantly inherited . Arch Ophthalmol 1968;80:58-67.Crossref 12. Berson EL, Gouras P, Gunkel RD: Progressive cone-rod degeneration . Arch Ophthalmol 1968;80:58-67.Crossref 13. Gouras P: Clinical Electro-oculography in the Retina: Morphology, Function and Clinical Characteristics , publication 8 of the UCLA Forum in Medical Sciences series. Berkeley, University of California Press, 1966, pp 565-581. 14. Finkelstein D, Gouras P, Hoff M: Human electroretinogram near the absolute threshold of vision . Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1968;7:214-218. 15. Gunkel RD, Bergsma DR, Gouras P: A ganzfeld stimulator for electroretinography . Arch Ophthalmol 1976;94:669-670.Crossref 16. Gouras P: Electroretinography: Some basic principles . Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1970;9:557-569. 17. Stiles WS: Mechanisms of Color Vision . New York, Academic Press Inc, 1978. 18. Gouras P: Retinitis pigmentosa: A stationary form in a pedigree with progressive disease . Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1981;20( (3) ):121. 19. Sandberg MA, Berson EL, Effron MH: Rod-cone interaction in the distal human retina . Science 1981;212:829-831.Crossref 20. Gouras P: Rod and cone independence in the electroretinogram of the dark-adapted monkey's perifovea . J Physiol 1966;187:455-464. 21. McKusick VA: Heritable Disorders of Connective Tissue , ed 4. St Louis, CV Mosby Co, 1972, pp 73-75. 22. Lipton SA, Rasmussen H, Dowling JE: Electrical and adaptive properties of rod photoreceptors in Bufo marinus: II. Effects of cyclic nucleotides and prostaglandins . J Gen Physiol 1977;70:771-791.Crossref 23. Nicol GD, Miller WH: Cyclic GMP injected into retinal rod outer segments increases latency and amplitude of responses to illumination . Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1978;75:5217-5220.Crossref 24. Cohen AI, Hall JA, Ferrendelli JA: Calcium and cyclic nucleotide regulation in incubated mouse retinas . J Gen Physiol 1978;71:595-612.Crossref 25. Gouras P, deMonasterio FM: Isobutylmethylxanthine, cyclic guanosine monophosphate, calcium, and the electroretinogram of the perfused cat eye . Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1977;16( (suppl 9) ):9. 26. Bownds DM: Molecular mechanisms of visual transduction . Trends Neurosci 1981;3:214-217.Crossref 27. Liebman PA, Pugh EN: ATP mediates rapid reversal of cyclic GMP phosphodiesterase activation in visual receptor membranes . Nature 1980;287:734-736.Crossref 28. Schmidt SY, Lolley RN: Cyclic-nucleotide phosphodiesterase: An early defect in inherited retinal degeneration of C3H mice . J Cell Biol 1973;57:117-123.Crossref 29. Farber DB, Lolley RN: Cyclic guanosine monophosphate: Elevation in degenerating photoreceptor cells of the C3H mouse retina . Science 1974;186:449-451.Crossref 30. Aguirre G, Farber D, Lolley R, et al: Rodcone dysplasia in Irish setters: A defect in cyclic GMP metabolism in visual cells . Science 1978;201:1133-1134.Crossref 31. Lolley RN, Farber DB, Rayborn ME, et al: Cyclic GMP accumulation causes degeneration of photoreceptor cells: Simulation of an inherited disease . Science 1977;196:664-666.Crossref 32. Farber DB, Souza DW, Chase DG, et al: Cyclic nucleotides of cone-dominant retinas: Reduction of cyclic AMP levels by light and by cone degeneration . Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1981;20:24-32. 33. De Vries GW, Cohen AI, Lowery OH, et al: Cyclic nucleotides in the cone-dominant ground squirrel retina . Exp Eye Res 1979;29:315-321.Crossref 34. Zrenner E, Gouras P: Blue-sensitive cones in the cat produce a rod-like electroretinogram . Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1979;18:1076-1081.
Desroches, Gilles;Abrams, Gary W.;Gass, J. Donald M.
1983 Archives of Ophthalmology
doi: 10.1001/archopht.1983.01040010725004pmid: 6847459
Abstract • Reactive lymphoid hyperplasia of the uveal tract occurred in an 81-year-old woman. A dramatic response to predisone and triamcinolone diacetate therapy was demonstrated both clinically and ultrasonographically. References 1. Gass JM: Retinal detachment and narrow angle glaucoma secondary to inflammatory pseudotumor of the uveal tract . Am J Ophthalmol 1967:64:612-621. 2. Ryan JR, Zimmerman LE, King FM: Reactive lymphoid hyperplasia . Trans Am Acad Ophthalmol Otolaryngol 1972;76:652-671. 3. Zauberman H, Freund M: Pseudolymphoma of the choroid in a patient with senile disciform macular degeneration . Ophthalmologica 1971; 163:65-72.Crossref 4. Crookes GP, Mullaney J: Lymphoid hyperplasia of the uveal tract simulating malignant lymphoma . Am J Ophthalmol 1967;63:962-967. 5. Hogan MJ, Zimmerman LE: Ophthalmic Pathology . Philadelphia, WB Saunders Co, 1962, pp 457-459. 6. Ryan JR, Frank RN, Green WR: Bilateral inflammatory pseudotumors of the ciliary body . Am J Ophthalmol 1971;72:586-591. 7. Front RL, Spaulding AG, Zimmerman LE: Diffuse malignant melanoma of the uveal tract: A clinicopathologic report of 54 cases . Trans Am Acad Ophthalmol Otolaryngol 1968;72:877-895. 8. Watson PG, Hayreh SS: Scleritis and episcleritis . Br J Ophthalmol 1976;60:163-191.Crossref 9. Benson WE, Sheilds JA, Tasman W, et al: Posterior scleritis . Arch Ophthalmol 1979; 97:1482-1486.Crossref 10. Bernardino ME, Zimmerman RD, Citrin CM, et al: Scleral thickening: A CT sign of orbital pseudotumor . AJR 1977;129:703-706.Crossref 11. Zimmerman LE: Lymphoid tumors , in Boniuk M (ed): Ocular and Adnexal Tumors . St Louis, CV Mosby Co, 1964, pp 429-430.
Kathol, Roger G.;Cox, Terry A.;Corbett, James J.;Thompson, H. Stanley
1983 Archives of Ophthalmology
doi: 10.1001/archopht.1983.01040010729005pmid: 6847460
Abstract • Forty-two patients with diagnosed functional visual loss were reexamined an average of four years after their initial visit. Twenty-three patients continued to have constricted or spiral visual fields at follow-up. Despite persistent evidence of functional visual defects, few patients were either socially or economically impaired by them. Patients who had other types of visual field loss or loss of visual acuity were more likely to have these signs resolve than were patients with constricted or spiral fields. Concurrent unrelated organic ocular disease was present in 11 patients. In 20 patients, it was not possible to identify psychiatric symptoms either related to the onset of functional eye signs or at follow-up. Treatment did not substantially alter the course. References 1. Freisen H, Mann WA: Follow-up study of hysterical amblyopia . Am J Ophthalmol 1966;62:1106-1115. 2. Behrman J, Levy R: Neurophysiological studies on patients with hysterical disturbances of vision . J Psychosom Res 1970;14:187-194.Crossref 3. Rada RT, Krill AE, Meyer GG, et al: Visual conversion reaction in children: II. Follow-up . Psychosomatics 1973;14:271-276.Crossref 4. Van Balen ATGM, Slyper FEM: Psychogenic amblyopia in children . J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus 1978;15:164-167. 5. Schlaegel TF Jr: Spiral visual fields: Statistical analysis of 18 cases found in a survey of 800 unselected eye patients in a state medical center . Arch Ophthalmol 1958;59:18-23.Crossref 6. Keane JR: Hysterical hemianopia: The 'missing half' field defect . Arch Ophthalmol 1979;97:865-866.Crossref 7. Kramer KK, LaPiana FG, Appleton B: Ocular malingering and hysteria: Diagnosis and management . Surv Ophthalmol 1979;24:89-96.Crossref 8. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders , ed 3. Washington, DC, American Psychiatric Association, 1980. 9. Krill AE, Newell FW: The diagnosis of ocular conversion reaction involving visual function . Arch Ophthalmol 1968;79:254-261.Crossref 10. Rada RT, Meyer GG, Krill AE: Visual conversion reaction in children: I. Diagnosis . Psychosomatics 1969;10:23-28.Crossref
Grimson, Baird S.;Simons, Kenneth B.
1983 Archives of Ophthalmology
doi: 10.1001/archopht.1983.01040010736006pmid: 6847461
Abstract • A 39-year-old man with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) experienced three episodes of acute orbital inflammation, a primary feature of each being a markedly enlarged extraocular muscle (myositis). The muscles of the upper trunk were concomitantly inflamed, and fullthickness skin and muscle biopsy specimens demonstrated an inflammatory myositis. The case demonstrates that orbital proptosis and extraocular myositis can be features of SLE. References 1. Burkhalter E: Unique presentation of systemic lupus erythematosus . Arthritis Rheum 1973;16:428.Crossref 2. Brenner EH, Shock JP: Proptosis secondary to systemic lupus erythematosus . Arch Ophthalmol 1974;91:81-82.Crossref 3. Wilkinson LS, Panusk RS: Exophthalmos associated with systemic lupus erythematosus . Arthritis Rheum 1975;18:188-189.Crossref 4. Currie S: Inflammation Myopathies , ed 4, Walton SJ (ed). New York, Churchill Livingstone, 1981, pp 525-568. 5. Jakobiec FA, Jones IS: Orbital inflammation , in Jakobiec FA, Jones IS (eds): Diseases of the Orbit . Hagerstown, Md, Harper & Row Publishers Inc, 1979, pp 187-261. 6. Duke-Elder SS, MacFaul PA: Inflammation of the orbit, in Duke-Elder SI (ed): System of Ophthalmology. St Louis, CV Mosby Co, 1974, vol 13, pt 2: The Ocular Adnexa, pp 859-934. 7. Gardner A: Pathology of pseudotumor of the orbit: A review . J Clin Pathol 1973;126:639-664.Crossref 8. Estes D, Christian CL: The natural history of systemic lupus erythematosus by prospective analysis . Medicine 1971;50:85-95.Crossref 9. Winkelmann RK: Panniculitis and systemic lupus erythematosus . JAMA 1970;211:472-475.Crossref 10. Tuffanelli DL: Lupus erythematosus panniculitis (profundus) . Arch Dermatol 1971; 103:213-241.Crossref 11. Diaz-Jouanen E, DeHoratius RJ, Alarcon-Segovia D, et al: Systemic lupus erythematosus presenting as panniculitis (lupus profundus) . Ann Intern Med 1975;82:376-379.Crossref
Sutton, Gregory E.;Motolko, Michael A.;Phelps, Charles D.
1983 Archives of Ophthalmology
doi: 10.1001/archopht.1983.01040010739007pmid: 6847462
Abstract • We independently examined 144 optic disc stereophotographs. Despite a preliminary learning trial, we were able to agree about the presence of a circumlinear vessel in only 73% of eyes and about baring of a vessel, if present, in only 71% of eyes. Bared vessels were present in 73% of 22 glaucomatous eyes, 41% of 71 ocular hypertensive eyes, and 14% of 51 normal eyes. During several years of follow-up of 44 ocular hypertensive eyes with bared circumlinear vessels, visual field defects developed in only three. We conclude that baring of a circumlinear vessel is a difficult sign for trained observers to detect with certainty and, although present frequently in glaucoma, is of low specificity as a sign or predictor of glaucomatous damage. References 1. Herschler J, Osher RH: Baring of the circumlinear vessel . Arch Ophthalmol 1980;98:865-869.Crossref 2. Osher RH, Herschler J: The significance of baring of the circumlinear vessel . Arch Ophthalmol 1981;99:817-818.Crossref 3. Armaly MF: Selective perimetry for glaucomatous defects in ocular hypertension . Arch Ophthalmol 1972;87:518-524.Crossref 4. Perkins ES, Phelps CD: Open-angle glaucoma, ocular hypertension, low-tension glaucoma, and refraction . Arch Ophthalmol 1982;100:1464-1467.Crossref
Parrish, Richard;Herschler, Jonathan
1983 Archives of Ophthalmology
doi: 10.1001/archopht.1983.01040010745008pmid: 6189472
Abstract • A modified filtering operation for neovascular glaucoma provided control of intraocular pressure after 12 to 23 months in ten of 13 eyes. After long-term follow-up, 23 to 54 months, seven of ten eyes still had controlled IOP. Two eyes were receiving no medication, two required miotics, and three required maximal medical therapy, including carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. One eye had undergone cyclocryotherapy four years after trabeculectomy. Four of seven eyes with diabetic neovascular glaucoma retained ambulatory vision. The eye with neovascular glaucoma from central retinal vein occlusion lost useful vision. The underlying disease process is an important determinant of surviving visual function. References 1. Herschler J, Agness D: A modified filtering operation for neovascular glaucoma . Arch Ophthalmol 1979;97:2339-2341.Crossref 2. Ellis PP, Thompson RL, Tyner GS: A modified operation for hemorrhagic glaucoma: A preliminary report . Am J Ophthalmol 1962;54:954-960. 3. Hersh SB, Kass MA: Iridectomy in rubeosis iridis . Ophthalmic Surg 1976;7:19-21. 4. Krupin T, Mitchell KB, Becker B: Cyclocryotherapy in neovascular glaucoma . Am J Ophthalmol 1978;86:24-26. 5. Feibel RM, Bigger JF: Rubeosis iridis and neovascular glaucoma: Evaluation of cyclocryotherapy . Am J Ophthalmol 1972;74:862-867. 6. Faulborn J, Birnbaum F: Zyklyokryotherapie haemorrhagischer glaukome: Langzeitbeobachtengen und histologische befunde . Klin Monatsbl Augenheilkd 1977;170:651-664. 7. Bellows AR, Grant WM: Cyclocryotherapy in advanced inadequately controlled glaucoma . Am J Ophthalmol 1973;75:679-684. 8. Boniuk M: Cryotherapy in neovascular glaucoma . Trans Am Acad Ophthalmol Otolaryngol 1974;78:337-343. 9. The Diabetic Retinopathy Study Research Group: Photocoagulation treatment of proliferative diabetic retinopathy: The second report of diabetic retinopathy study findings . Ophthalmology 1978;85:82-106.Crossref
Lass, Jonathan H.;Thoft, Richard A.;Dohlman, Claes H.
1983 Archives of Ophthalmology
doi: 10.1001/archopht.1983.01040010747009pmid: 6342581
Abstract • Four patients had idoxuridine-induced conjunctival cicatrization similar to ocular cicatricial pemphigoid develop, but in the treated eye only. Three of the four patients had chronic, recurrent herpes simplex epithelial and stromal keratitis. The fourth patient had Sjögren's syndrome. All received idoxuridine (0.1% drops and/or 0.5% ointment) and topical corticosteroids from one to 3½ years. Substantial morbidity resulted that included visual loss, stromal ulceration, corneal scarring, and keratinization. Conjunctival biopsy specimens showed cicatrization with a mixed inflammatory cell reaction and absence of goblet cells. Results of direct immunofluorescent microscopy of the conjunctiva were either negative or nonspecific for autoantibody. No circulating autoantibody was detected in any of the four patients. References 1. Wilson F: Adverse external ocular effects of topical ophthalmic medications . Surv Ophthalmol 1979;24:57-88.Crossref 2. Binder P: Herpes simplex keratitis . Surv Ophthalmol 1977;21:313-331.Crossref 3. Jones B: Prospects in treating viral disease of the eye . Trans Ophthalmol Soc UK 1967;87:537-579. 4. Laibson P: Current therapy of herpes simplex virus infection of the cornea . Int Ophthalmol Clin 1973;13:39-52. 5. Harrist T, Mihm M: Cutaneous immunopathology: Diagnostic use of direct and indirect immunofluorescence techniques in dermatologic disease . Hum Pathol 1979;10:625-653.Crossref 6. Thygeson P, Dawson C: Pseudotrachoma caused by molluscum contagiosum virus and various clinical irritants . Excerpta Medica Int Congr Serv 1970;222:1894-1897. 7. Ostler HB, Okumoto M, Daniels T, et al: Drug induced cicatrization of the conjunctiva , in O'Connor GR (ed): Immunologic Diseases of the Mucous Membranes . New York, Masson Publishing USA Inc, 1980, pp 149-158. 8. Duke-Elder S (ed): System of Ophthalmology . St Louis, CV Mosby Co, 1965, vol 8: Diseases of the Outer Eye , p 504. 9. Mondino B, Ross A, Rabin B, et al: Autoimmune phenomenon in ocular cicatricial pemphigoid . Am J Ophthalmol 1977;83:443-450. 10. Coster D, Welham R: Herpetic canalicular obstruction . Br J Ophthalmol 1979;63:259-262.Crossref 11. Harris G, Hyndiuk R, Fox M, et al: Herpetic canalicular obstruction . Arch Ophthalmol 1981;99:282-283.Crossref 12. Patterson A, Jones B: The management of ocular herpes . Trans Ophthalmol Soc UK 1967;87:59-84. 13. Prusoff W, Goz B: Potential mechanisms of action of antiviral agents . Fed Proc 1973;32:1679-1687. 14. Grant WM: Toxicology of the Eye , ed 2. Springfield, Ill, Charles C Thomas Publisher, 1974, p 587. 15. Pavan-Langston D, Lass J, Hettinger M, et al: Acyclovir and vidarabine in therapy of ulcerative herpes simplex keratitis: A cooperative masked clinical trial . Am J Ophthalmol 1981;92:829-835.
1983 Archives of Ophthalmology
doi: 10.1001/archopht.1983.01040010751010pmid: 6847463
Abstract • Seven cases of subperiosteal abscess (SPA) of the orbit are reported. Anatomic relationships shared by the orbits, paranasal sinuses, and facial venous system explain the rapid development of SPA after periorbital infection. Computed tomography and echography allow distinction between SPA and other stages of orbital inflammation that are often indiscriminately grouped under the rubric of orbital cellulitis. These techniques suggest that elevated orbital pressure is the primary, and potentially reversible, mechanism of visual impairment produced by SPA. Difficulty in accurately determining the responsible pathogens, relative isolation of the subperiosteal space with regard to antibiotic penetration, and risk of precipitous visual loss require prompt surgical drainage in most cases. References 1. Batson OV: Relationship of the eye to the paranasal sinuses . Arch Ophthalmol ,1936;16:322-323.Crossref 2. Williamson-Noble FA: Diseases of the orbit and its contents, secondary to pathological conditions of the nose and paranasal sinuses . Ann R Coll Surg Engl 1954;15:46-64. 3. Chandler JR, Langenbrunner DJ, Stevens ER: The pathogenesis of orbital complications in acute sinusitis . Laryngoscope 1970;80:1414-1428.Crossref 4. Gans H, Sekula J, Wlodyka J: Treatment of acute orbital complications . Arch Otolaryngol 1974;100:329-332.Crossref 5. Appalanarasayya K, Murthy ASR, Viswanath CK, et al: Proptosis in a newborn due to orbital infection: Case report . Int Surg 1971;55:149-150. 6. Sty JR, Babbitt DP, Aronow CB: Diagnosis of an orbital abscess with ultrasonography . Wis Med J 1980;79:33-34. 7. Jakobiec FA, Jones IS: Orbital inflammations , in Jones IS, Jakobiec FA (eds): Diseases of the Orbit . Hagerstown, Md, Harper & Row Publishers Inc, 1979, pp 237-239. 8. Haynes RE, Cramblett HG: Acute ethmoiditis: Its relationship to orbital cellulitis . Am J Dis Child 1967;114:261-267.Crossref 9. English GM: Sinusitis , in English GM (ed): Otolaryngology . Hagerstown, Md, Harper & Row Publishers Inc, 1980, vol 2, chap 21. 10. Clairmont AA, Per-Lee JH: Complications of acute frontal sinusitis . Am Fam Physician 1975;11:80-84. 11. Robie G, O'Neal R, Kelsey DS: Periorbital cellulitis . J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus 1977;14:354-363. 12. Gellady AM, Shulman ST, Ayoub EM: Periorbital and orbital cellulitis in children . Pediatrics 1978;61:272-277. 13. Morgan PR, Morrison WV: Complications of frontal and ethmoid sinusitis . Laryngoscope 1980;90:661-666.Crossref 14. Harley MJ, Guerier TH: Orbital cellulitis related to an influenza A virus epidemic . Br Med J 1978;1:13-14.Crossref 15. Krohel GB, Krauss HR, Christiansen RE, et al: Orbital abscess . Arch Ophthalmol 1980;98:274-276.Crossref 16. Harris GJ, Kay MC, Nilles JJ: Orbital hematoma secondary to frontal sinusitis . Ophthalmology 1978;85:1229-1234.Crossref 17. Jarrett WH II, Gutman FA: Ocular complications of infection in the paranasal sinuses . Arch Ophthalmol 1969;81:683-688.Crossref 18. Zimmerman RA, Bilaniuk LT: CT of orbital infection and its cerebral complications . AJR 1980;134:45-50.Crossref 19. Gamble RC: Acute inflammations of the orbit in children . Arch Ophthalmol 1933;10:483-497.Crossref 20. Amies DR: Orbital cellulitis . J Laryngol Otol 1974;88:559-564.Crossref 21. Jones DB: Microbial preseptal and orbital cellulitis , in Duane TD (ed): Clinical Ophthalmology . Hagerstown, Md, Harper & Row Publishers Inc, 1981, vol 4, chap 25, p 5. 22. El Shewy TM: Acute infarction of the choroid and retina: A complication of orbital cellulitis . Br J Ophthalmol 1973;57:204-205.Crossref 23. Gillum WN, Anderson RL: Reversible visual loss in subperiosteal hematoma of the orbit . Ophthalmic Surg 1981;12:203-209. 24. Trevor-Roper PD: Diseases of the orbit . Int Ophthalmol Clin 1974;14:323-346. 25. Goldberg F, Berne AS, Oski FA: Differentiation of orbital cellulitis from preseptal cellulitis by computed tomography . Pediatrics 1978;62:1000-1005. 26. Harris GJ, Syvertsen A: Multiple projection computed tomography in orbital disorders . Ann Ophthalmol 1981;13:183-188. 27. Quick CA, Payne E: Complicated acute sinusitis . Laryngoscope 1972;82:1248-1263.Crossref 28. Brook I: Bacteriologic features of chronic sinusitis in children . JAMA 1981;246:967-969.Crossref 29. Hamory BH, Sande MA, Sydnor A Jr, et al: Etiology and antimicrobial therapy of acute maxillary sinusitis . J Infect Dis 1979;139:197-202.Crossref 30. Wald ER, Milmoe GJ, Bowen A, et al: Acute maxillary sinusitis in children . N Engl J Med 1981;304:749-754.Crossref 31. Clark GM: Acute frontal and ethmoid sinusitis with subperiosteal abscess . Aust NZ J Surg 1969;38:347-348.
Werner, John S.;Hardenbergh, Firmon E
1983 Archives of Ophthalmology
doi: 10.1001/archopht.1983.01040010758011pmid: 6847464
Abstract • Spectrophotometric measurements indicated that polymethyl methacrylate intraocular lenses do not mimic the crystalline lens in absorption of shortwave visible light and near-UV light. These wavelengths are particularly effective in producing photochemical damage to the retina. Scotopic spectral sensitivity functions directly confirmed that patients with intraocular lens implants are much more sensitive than normal to these wavelengths (by as much as a factor of 46 at 380 nm). References 1. Boettner EA: Spectral Transmission of the Eye . Report for contract AF41(609)-2966. Ann Arbor, University of Michigan, 1967. 2. Boettner EA, Wolter JR: Transmission of the ocular media . Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1962; 1:776-783. 3. Wyszecki G, Stiles WS: Color Science . New York, John Wiley & Sons Inc, 1967, pp 214-219. 4. Tan KEWP: Vision in the Ultraviolet, thesis. Utrecht, the Netherlands, 1971. 5. Werner JS: Development of scotopic sensitivity and the absorption spectrum of the human ocular media . J Opt Soc Am 1982;72:247-258.Crossref 6. Grover D, Zigman S: Coloration of human lenses by near ultraviolet photo-oxidized tryptophan . Exp Eye Res 1972;13:70-76.Crossref 7. Ham WT, Mueller HA, Sliney D: Retinal sensitivity to damage from short wavelength light . Nature 1976;260:153-155.Crossref 8. Ham WT, Ruffolo JJ, Mueller HA, et al: The nature of retinal radiation damage: Dependence on wavelength, power level and exposure time . Vision Res 1980;20:1105-1111.Crossref 9. Ham WT, Mueller HA, Ruffolo JJ: Near-UV action spectrum for retinal damage . Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1981;20( (suppl) );164. 10. Zigman S, Vaughan T: Near ultraviolet light effects on the lenses and retinas of mice . Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1974;3:462-465. 11. Ham WT, Ruffolo JJ, Mueller HA, et al: Histological analysis of photochemical lesions produced in rhesus retina by short wavelength light . Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1978;17:1029-1035. 12. Noell WK: Possible mechanisms of photoreceptor damage by light in mammalian eyes . Vision Res 1980;20:1163-1171.Crossref 13. Cutchis P: Stratospheric ozone depletion and solar ultraviolet radiation on earth . Science 1974;184:13-19.Crossref 14. Mainster MA: Spectral transmittance of intraocular lenses and retinal damage from intense light sources . Am J Ophthalmol 1978; 85:167-170.
Isenberg, Sherwin;Apt, Leonard;Yoshimuri, Robert
1983 Archives of Ophthalmology
doi: 10.1001/archopht.1983.01040010761012pmid: 6847465
Abstract • We investigated the effect on bacterial flora of conjunctival irrigation as part of the chemical preparation of the eye before surgery. Forty consecutive patients underwent conjunctival irrigation with a saline solution in one randomly selected eye. Aerobic and anaerobic bacterial conjunctival cultures were taken in masked fashion before and after the preparation. In nonirrigated eyes, the colony counts before and after the preparation were virtually identical; the species count increased 23%. In irrigated eyes, the colony count increased 18% and the species count increased 46%. The increase in the species count was significant. Our findings suggest irrigation with a saline solution does not reduce the bacterial flora of the conjunctiva. References 1. Allen HF: Aseptic technique in ophthalmology , in Locatcher-Khorazo D, Seegal BC (eds): Microbiology of the Eye . St Louis, CV Mosby Co, 1972, pp 86-112. 2. Apt L, Isenberg S: Chemical preparation of skin and eye in ophthalmic surgery: An international survey . Ophthalmic Surg 1982;13:1026-1029. 3. Kenyon KR: Anatomy and pathology of the ocular surface: In the ocular surface . Int Ophthalmol Clin 1979;19:3-11.Crossref 4. Greiner JV, Covington HI, Allansmith MR: Surface morphology of the human upper tarsal conjunctiva . Am J Ophthalmol 1977;83:892-905. 5. Leopold IH, Apt L: Postoperative intraocular infections . Am J Ophthalmol 1960;50:1225-1247. 6. Locatcher-Khorazo DL, Gutierrez E: Eye infections following cataract extraction . Am J Ophthalmol 1956;41:981-987. 7. Allansmith MR, Anderson RP, Butterworth M: The meaning of preoperative cultures in ophthalmology . Trans Am Acad Ophthalmol Otolaryngol 1969;73:683-689. 8. Locatcher-Khorazo D, Gutierrez E: Bacteriophage typing of Staphylococcus aureus: A study of normal, infected eyes and environment . Arch Ophthalmol 1960;63:774-787.Crossref 9. McNatt J, Allan SD, Wilson LA, et al: Anaerobic flora of the normal human conjunctival sac . Arch Ophthalmol 1978;96:1448-1450.Crossref 10. Whitney CR, Anderson RP, Allansmith MR: Preoperatively administered antibiotics: Their effect on bacterial counts of the eyelids . Arch Ophthalmol 1972;87:155-160.Crossref 11. Fahmy JA: Bacterial flora in relation to cataract extraction: V. Effects of topical antibiotics on the preoperative conjunctival flora . Acta Ophthalmol 1980;58:567-575.Crossref 12. Allan HF, Mangiaracine AB: Bacterial endophthalmitis after cataract extraction: II. Incidence in 36,000 consecutive operations with special reference to preoperative topical antibiotics . Arch Ophthalmol 1974;91:3-7.Crossref
Isenberg, Sherwin;Apt, Leonard;Yoshimuri, Robert
1983 Archives of Ophthalmology
doi: 10.1001/archopht.1983.01040010764013pmid: 6847466
Abstract • Although a mild silver protein solution (Argyrol) has been used for a number of years and is still used by many ophthalmic surgeons, its efficiency as an antibacterial agent on the conjunctiva has not been scientifically evaluated as part of the preoperative chemical preparation of the eye. We studied the effectiveness of a mild silver protein solution on the conjunctival flora of 32 patients in a masked fashion. By bacteriologic analysis, the mild silver protein solution was found to be no more effective in reducing the number of species and colonies in the treated eye than in the untreated eye. While the mild silver protein solution does stain mucus and other debris on the eye to facilitate irrigation, this study did not demonstrate a significant bactericidal effect. References 1. Antiseptics, in The Foundations of Ophthalmology: Heredity, Pathology, Diagnosis, and Therapeutics, vol 7, in Duke-Elder S (ed): System of Ophthalmology. St Louis, CV Mosby Co, 1962, p 635. 2. Schaet W: Argyrol and a byproduct , in Art and Argyrol . New York, Yoseloff Co, 1960, pp 47-53. 3. Spencer WH, Garron LK, Contreras F, et al: Endogenous and exogenous ocular and systemic silver deposition . Trans Ophthalmol Soc UK 1980;100:171-178. 4. Harvey SC: Antiseptics and disinfectants, fungicides, ectoparasiticides , in Gilman AG, Goodman LS, Gilman A (eds): The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics , ed 6. New York, Macmillan Publishing Co Inc, 1980, pp 976-977. 5. Havener WH: Germicides , in Ocular Pharmacology , ed 4. St Louis, CV Mosby Co, 1978, p 425. 6. Thompson R, Isaacs ML, Khorazo D: A laboratory study of some antiseptics with reference to ocular application . Am J Ophthalmol 1937;20:1087-1098. 7. King JH, Wadsworth JAC: An Atlas of Ophthalmic Surgery , ed 3. Philadelphia, Harper & Row Publishers Inc, 1981, p 3. 8. Apt L, Isenberg S: Chemical preparation of skin and eye in ophthalmic surgery: An international survey . Ophthalmic Surg 1982;13:1026-1029.
Zimmerman, Lorenz E.;Arkfeld, Donald L.;Schenken, Jerald B.;Arkfeld, Dean F.;Maris, Peter J. G.
1983 Archives of Ophthalmology
doi: 10.1001/archopht.1983.01040010766014pmid: 6847467
Abstract • Two patients with a heretofore undescribed unilateral choristomatous malformation of the intracranial optic nerve and chiasm underwent craniotomy for partial resection of the optic nerve in the belief that the tumor was either a glioma or a meningioma. Visual acuity in the affected eye was reduced to 20/200 in one patient and to finger counting in the other. Chiasmal involvement in the first case was associated with a superotemporal field defect in the opposite eye. Ophthalmoscopy disclosed atrophic nerve heads in both affected eyes. Heteroplastic masses of smooth muscle and adipose tissue replaced most of the resected optic nerve in each case. References 1. Font RL, Zimmerman LE: Intrascleral smooth muscle in coloboma of the optic disk: Electron microscopic verification . Am J Ophthalmol 1971;72:452-457. 2. Willis R, Zimmerman LE, O'Grady R, et al: Heterotopic adipose tissue and smooth muscle in the optic disc: Association with isolated colobomas . Arch Ophthalmol 1972;88:139-146.Crossref 3. Willis RA: Developmentally heterotopic tissues , in Willis RA (ed): The Borderland of Embryology and Pathology , ed 2. Washington, DC, Butterworth Inc, 1962, pp 315-350.
Zaidman, Gerald W.;Johnson, Bruce L.;Salamon, Samuel M.;Mondino, Bartly J.
1983 Archives of Ophthalmology
doi: 10.1001/archopht.1983.01040010771015pmid: 6847468
Abstract • An elevated, pigmented lesion of the peripheral iris developed in a 73-year-old woman. The lesion was believed to be a malignant melanoma and was excised at the time of routine cataract extraction. Pathologic examination disclosed a Fuchs' adenoma. These lesions are common in the elderly and are almost invariably clinically silent. This case, however, demonstrates that under rare circumstances a Fuchs' adenoma may induce cataractous changes or produce clinical findings that can mimic an iris melanoma. References 1. Bateman JB, Foos RY: Coronal adenoma . Arch Ophthalmol 1979;97:2379-2384.Crossref 2. Burch PG, Maumanee AE: Iridocyclectomy for benign tumors of the ciliary body . Am J Ophthalmol 1967;63:447-452. 3. Duke-Elder S (ed): System of Ophthalmology. London, Henry Kimpton Publishers Ltd, 1966, vol 9: Diseases of the Uveal Tract , pp 784-788. 4. Fuchs E: Anatomische Micellen . Albrecht Von Graefes Arch Klin Ophthalmol 1883;29:209-229.Crossref 5. Wadsworth JA: Epithelial tumors of the ciliary body . Am J Ophthalmol 1949;32:1487-1501. 6. Wolter J, Pfister RR: Tumors of the pars ciliaris retinae . Am J Ophthalmol 1961;52:659-672. 7. Iliff WJ, Green WR: The incidence and histology of Fuchs' adenoma . Arch Ophthalmol 1972;88:249-254.Crossref 8. Jakobiec FA, Silbert G: Are most iris melanomas really nevi? Arch Ophthalmol 1981;99:2117-2132.Crossref 9. Ashton N: Primary tumors of the iris . Br J Ophthalmol 1964;48:650-668.Crossref 10. Ferry AP: Lesions mistaken for malignant melanoma of the iris . Arch Ophthalmol 1965;74:9-18.Crossref 11. Rones B, Zimmerman LE: The prognosis of primary tumors of the iris treated by iridectomy . Arch Ophthalmol 1958;60:193-205.Crossref 12. Reese AB, Cleasby GW: The treatment of iris melanoma . Am J Ophthalmol 1959;47:118-125.
Goldstein, Burton G.;Buettner, Helmut
1983 Archives of Ophthalmology
doi: 10.1001/archopht.1983.01040010774016pmid: 6601945
Abstract • A patient had a 12-year history of relapsing disseminated histoplasmosis. None of the characteristic lesions of the presumed ocular histoplasmosis syndrome were present in either eye. Ocular involvement began as a peripheral focal retinitis associated with vitreitis and iritis. Histoplasma capsulatum organisms grew in cultures from aqueous and vitreous and were demonstrated histologically in an iridectomy specimen. Despite intraocular and subconjunctival administration of amphotericin B, intractable pain associated with progressive necrotizing granulomatous iridocyclitis necessitated enucleation. Histoplasma capsulatum organisms were seen extracellularly in the vitreous cavity and both intracellularly and extracellularly in areas of granulomatous inflammation involving the iris, ciliary body (diffusely), and the retina (focally). The choroid was not involved. References 1. Woods AC, Whalen HE: The probable role of benign histoplasmosis in the etiology of granulomatous uveitis . Trans Am Ophthalmol Soc 1959;57:318-345. 2. Woods AC, Whalen HE: The probable role of benign histoplasmosis in the etiology of granulomatous uveitis . Am J Ophthalmol 1960;49:205-220. 3. Roth AM: Histoplasma capsulatum in the presumed ocular histoplasmosis syndrome . Am J Ophthalmol 1977;84:293-298. 4. Gass JDM, Zimmerman LE: Histopathologic demonstration of Histoplasma capsulatum . Am J Ophthalmol 1978;85:725. 5. Hoefnagels KLJ, Pijpers PM: Histoplasma capsulatum in a human eye . Am J Ophthalmol 1967;63:715-723. 6. Klintworth GK, Hollingsworth AS, Lusman TA, et al: Granulomatous choroiditis in a case of disseminated histoplasmosis . Arch Ophthalmol 1973;90:45-48.Crossref 7. Craig EL, Suie T: Histoplasma capsulatum in human ocular tissue . Arch Ophthalmol 1974;91:285-289.Crossref 8. Schwarz J: Granulomatous histoplasmosis of the eye: A rare disease . Int Ophthalmol Clin 1975;15:65-72.Crossref 9. Schwarz J, Salfelder K, Viloria JE: Histoplasma capsulatum in vessels of the choroid . Ann Ophthalmol 1977;9:633-636. 10. Maumenee AE: Clinical entities in uveitis: An approach to the study of intraocular inflammation . Am J Ophthalmol 1970;69:1-27. 11. Zimmerman LE: Discussion of techniques employed in selected uveitis subjects , in Aronson SB, Gamble CN, Goodner EK, et al (eds): Clinical Methods in Uveitis . St Louis, CV Mosby Co, 1968, p 91. 12. Smith JL, Singer JA: Experimental ocular histoplasmosis: III. Experimentally produced retinal and choroidal lesions . Am J Ophthalmol 1964;58:413-423. 13. Smith JL, Singer JA: Experimental ocular histoplasmosis: VI. Fluorescein fundus photography of choroiditis in the primate . Am J Ophthalmol 1964;58:1021-1026. 14. Wong VG, Kwon-Chung KJ, Green WR, et al: Focal choroidopathy in experimental ocular histoplasmosis . Trans Am Acad Ophthalmol Otolaryngol 1973;77:769-777. 15. Wong VG: Focal choroidopathy in experimental ocular histoplasmosis . Trans Am Ophthalmol Soc 1972;70:615-630. 16. Schwarz J: The pathogenesis of histoplasmosis , in Ajello L, Chick EW, Furcolow ML (eds): Histoplasmosis: Proceedings of the Second National Conference . Springfield, Ill, Charles C Thomas Publisher, 1971, p 244. 17. Smith RE, O'Connor GR, Halde CJ, et al: Clinical course in rabbits after experimental induction of ocular histoplasmosis . Am J Ophthalmol 1973;76:284-293.
Quickert, Marvin H.;Wilkes, T. David I.;Dryden, Robert M.
1983 Archives of Ophthalmology
doi: 10.1001/archopht.1983.01040010778017pmid: 6342582
Abstract • Nonincisional suture techniques are used for the treatment of epiblepharon and congenital entropion. An explanation for the unstable eyelid seems to involve similar developmental anomalies of the eyelid retractor. Congenital entropion has been treated promptly in the past. Contrary to tradition, symptomatic epiblepharon should also be treated early. References 1. Levitt JM: Epiblepharon and congenital entropion . Am J Ophthalmol 1957;44:112-113. 2. Johnson CC: Epiblepharon . Am J Ophthalmol 1968;66:1172-1175. 3. Johnson CC: Epicanthus and epiblepharon . Arch Ophthalmol 1978;96:1030-1033.Crossref 4. Karlin DB: Congenital entropion, epiblepharon, and antimongoloid obliquity of the palpebral fissure . Am J Ophthalmol 1960;50:485-493. 5. Firat T, Ozkan S: Bilateral congenital entropion of the upper eyelids . Br J Ophthalmol 1973;57:753.Crossref 6. Reeh MJ, Wobig JL, Wirtshafter JD: The eyelids , in Bergman L, Nichols B (eds): Ophthalmic Anatomy: A Manual with Some Clinical Applications . San Francisco, American Academy of Ophthalmology, 1981. 7. Fox SA: Primary congenital entropion . Arch Ophthalmol 1956;56:839.Crossref 8. Quickert MH, Rathbun E: Suture repair of entropion . Arch Ophthalmol 1971;85:304-305.Crossref 9. Callahan A: Reconstructive Surgery of the Eyelids and Ocular Adnexa . Birmingham, Ala, Aesculapius Publishing Co, 1966, pp 37-40. 10. Dryden RM, Leibsohn J, Wobig J: Senile entropion: Pathogenesis and treatment . Arch Ophthalmol 1978;96:1883-1885.Crossref 11. Jones LT: The anatomy of the lower eyelid and its relation to the cause and cure of entropion . Am J Ophthalmol 1960;49:19-36. 12. Swan KC: The syndrome of congenital epiblepharon and inferior oblique insufficiency . Am J Ophthalmol 1955;39:130-136. 13. Karlin DB: Congenital entropion, epiblepharon and antimongoloid obliquity of the palpebral fissure . Am J Ophthalmol 1960;50:487-493. 14. Ammon FA: Der Epicanthos Und Das Epiblepharon . Erlangen, West Germany, JF Kindork, 1841. 15. Karlin DB: Congenital entropion, epiblepharon and antimongoloid obliquity of the palpebral fissure . Am J Ophthalmol 1960;50:487-493. 16. Duke-Elder S: Congenital deformities in, System of Ophthalmology . London, Henry Kimpton Publishers Ltd, 1964, vol 3, pp 857-859. 17. Pakeson RWW, McGavin DDM, Williamson J: Acquired bilateral superior epiblepharon with nasal extension . Br J Ophthalmol 1969; 53:134-135.Crossref 18. Reeh MJ, Beyer CK, Shannon GM: Malpositions of the eyelids , in Practical Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery . Philadelphia, Lea & Febiger, 1976, p 115. 19. Cherubini TD: Entropion and ectropion of the eyelids . Clin Plast Surg 1978;5:583. 20. Putterman AM: Basic oculoplastic surgery , in Peyman GA, Sanders DR, Goldberg AF(eds): Principles and Practice of Ophthalmology . Philadelphia, WB Saunders Co, 1980, pp 2303-2304.
Divine, Richard D.;Anderson, Richard L.
1983 Archives of Ophthalmology
doi: 10.1001/archopht.1983.01040010782018pmid: 6847469
Abstract • Nine patients were treated with the nitrous oxide eyelid cryoprobe for large or recurrent intraepithelial epithelioma of the conjunctiva or cornea. Nitrous oxide cryotherapy is more convenient for ocular cryosurgery than liquid nitrogen therapy and seems to be as effective for intraepithelial epithelioma. Surgical debulking of the lesion is recommended before cryosurgery. An obvious advantage of cryosurgery over surgical modalities for intraepithelial epithelioma is that large areas of tumor as well as surrounding tissues can be treated. This procedure results in a higher cure rate and avoids grafting and symblepharon formation. The complications of light cryosurgery seem to be minor even when the cornea is treated. Heavy cryosurgery may result in severe iritis, posterior synechiae, and corneal scarring. A biopsy-proved diagnosis of intraepithelial epithelioma can be misleading and does not rule out the presence of underlying malignant disease. References 1. Fraunfelder FT, Farris HE Jr, Wallace TR: Cryosurgery for ocular and periocular lesions . J Dermatol Surg Oncol 1977;3:422-429.Crossref 2. Fraunfelder FT, Wingfield D: Therapy of intraepithelial epitheliomas and squamous cell carcinoma of the limbus . Trans Am Ophthalmol Soc 1980;78:290-300. 3. Pizzarello LD, Jakobiec FA: Bowen's disease of the conjunctiva: A misnomer , in Jakobiec FA (ed): Ocular and Adnexal Tumors . Birmingham, Ala, Aesculapius Publishing Co, 1978, pp 553-571. 4. Sanders N, Bedotto C: Recurrent carcinoma in situ of the conjunctiva and cornea . Am J Ophthalmol 1972;74:688-693. 5. Char DH: The management of lid and conjunctival malignancies . Surg Ophthalmol 1980;24:679-689.Crossref 6. Irvine AR: Dyskeratotoc epibulbar tumors . Trans Am Ophthalmol Soc 1963;61:243. 7. Carroll JM, Kuwabara T: A classification of limbal epitheliomas . Arch Ophthalmol 1965;73:545.Crossref 8. Farris HE, Fraunfelder FT: Cryosurgical treatment of ocular squamous cell carcinoma of cattle . J Am Vet Med Assoc 1976;168:213-216. 9. Meryman HT: Osmotic stress as a mechanism of freezing injury . Cryobiology 1971;8:489-500.Crossref 10. Van Venrooij GEPM, et al: Freeze-etching: Freezing velocity and crystal size at different locations in samples . Cryobiology 1975;12:46-61.Crossref 11. Mazur P: Physical and chemical basis of injury in single-celled microorganisms subjected to freezing and thawing , in Meryman HT (ed): Cryobiology . New York, Academic Press Inc, 1966, pp 213-315. 12. Wilkes TDI, Fraunfelder FT: Principles of cryosurgery . Ophthalmic Surg 1979;10:21-30. 13. Sullivan JH: Cryosurgery in ophthalmic practice . Ophthalmic Surg 1979;10:37-41. 14. Soil DB, Harrison SE: Basic concepts and an overview of cryosurgery in ophthalmic plastic surgery . Ophthalmic Surg 1979;10:31-36. 15. Ablin RJ, Pugliese A, Fontana G, et al: Immunologic considerations , in Ablin R (ed): Handbook of Cryosurgery , New York, Marcel Dekker Inc, 1980, pp 69-82. 16. Wingfield DL, Fraunfelder FT: Possible complications secondary to cryotherapy . Ophthalmic Surg 1979;10:47-55.
Donoso, Larry A.;MS, Rose M. Nagy,;McFall, Rosemary C.;Edelberg, Karen E.;Vossler, David G.
1983 Archives of Ophthalmology
doi: 10.1001/archopht.1983.01040010787019pmid: 6847470
Abstract • A clone of B16 malignant melanoma cells with a preference for metastasis to the liver was isolated and characterized. The parent tumor cells (F1) were injected in the tail vein of C57BL/6 mice, and the resultant liver colonizing cells were isolated and then subcultured for two to three weeks. The cells were then reinjected into the next series of mice. After five such passages, a clone (L4) of melanoma cells was obtained that metastasized almost exclusively to the liver. A hepatic binding protein (HBP) was isolated from rabbit liver that agglutinated neuraminidase-treated F1 and L4 malignant melanoma cells. Different agglutination titers found between the parent and liver-metastasizing clone demonstrated differences in cell-surface properties between the parent tumor and the livermetastasizing clone. These results demonstrate that malignant melanoma cells can be selected for preferential liver metastasis and can be recognized and agglutinated by specific HBPs. Metastasis from human uveal malignant melanoma may occur by similar mechanisms. References 1. Einhorn L, Burgess M, Gottlieb J: Metastatic patterns of choroidal melanoma . Cancer 1974;34:1002-1004.Crossref 2. Char D: Metastatic choroidal melanoma . Am J Ophthalmol 1978;86:76-80. 3. Zakka K, Foos R, Omphroy C, et al: Malignant melanoma . Ophthalmology 1980;87:549-556.Crossref 4. Williams ED: Differences in thyroid cancer . Br Med J 1972;13:365. 5. Parks RC: Organ-specific metastasis of transplantable reticulum cell sarcoma . JNCI 1974;52:971-973. 6. Hudgin RL, Pricer WE, Ashwell G, et al: The isolation and properties of a rabbit liver binding protein specific for asialoglycoproteins . J Biol Chem 1974;249:5536-3343. 7. Lowry OH, Rosebrough NJ, Farr AL, et al: Protein measurement with the folin phenol reagent . J Biol Chem 1951;193:265-275. 8. Stockert RJ, Morrell AG, Scheinberg IH: Mammalian hepatic lectin . Science 1974;186:365-366.Crossref 9. Poste G, Fidler IJ: The pathogenesis of cancer metastasis . Nature 1980;283:139-146.Crossref 10. Paget S: The distribution of secondary growths in cancer of the breast . Lancet 1889; 1:571-573.Crossref 11. Sugarbaker ED: The organ selectivity of experimentally induced metastasis in rats . Cancer 1952;5:606-612.Crossref 12. Hart IR, Fidler IJ: The role of organ selectivity in the determination of metastatic patterns of B16 melanoma . Cancer Res 1980;40:2281-2287. 13. Nicolson GL, Winkelhake JL: Organ specificity of blood-borne tumour metastasis determined by cell adhesion? Nature 1975;255:230-232.Crossref 14. Yogeeswaran G, Salk PL: Metastatic potential is positively correlated with cell surface sialylation of cultured murine tumor cell lines . Science 1981;212:1514-1516.Crossref 15. Tao T, Matter A, Vogel K, et al: Livercolonizing melanoma cells selected from B-16 melanoma . Int J Cancer 1979;23:854-857.Crossref 16. Morell AG, Irvine RA, Sternlieb I, et al: Physical and chemical studies on ceruloplasmin: V. Metabolic studies on sialic acid free ceruloplasmin in vivo . J Biol Chem 1968;143:155-159. 17. Baenziger JU, Maynard Y: Human hepatic lectin . J Biol Chem 1980;255:4607-4613.
Donoso, Larry A.;Nagy, Rose M.;Brockman, Ronald J.;Augsburger, James J.;Shields, Jerry A;Berd, David;Mastrangelo, Michael J.
1983 Archives of Ophthalmology
doi: 10.1001/archopht.1983.01040010791020pmid: 6847471
Abstract • Serum hepatic cell-surface enzymes, isoenzymes, and sialic acid levels may be useful adjuncts in detecting early metastatic disease and in evaluating the tumor burden of patients with uveal melanoma. Hepatic cell-surface enzyme concentrations were elevated in the serum of ten patients with uveal melanoma and liver metastasis and in five patients with other hepatobiliary disorders and in 75 control patients. Five patients in the metastatic group (50%) had serum γ-glutamyl transpeptidase and 5′-nucleotide phosphodiesterase (5-NPD) bands known to be associated with either primary hepatic carcinoma or carcinoma metastatic to the liver. One patient with uveal melanoma without known metastasis had a positive 5-NPD pattern; metastatic disease was subsequently proved. Higher levels of sialic acid were found in the serum of patients with uveal melanoma and metastatic disease (4 μmole/mL) than in controls (2.4 μmole/mL). References 1. Einhorn L, Burgess M, Gottlieb J: Metastatic patterns of choroidal melanoma . Cancer 1974;34:1002-1004.Crossref 2. Char D: Metastatic choroidal melanoma . Am J Ophthalmol 1978;86:76-80. 3. Jaffe B, Watson W, Spratt J: Factors influencing survival in patients with untreated hepatic metastases . Surgery 1968;127:1-11. 4. Debroe ME, Wieme RJ: The separation and characterization of liver plasma membrane fragments circulating in the blood of patients with cholestasis . Clin Chem Acta 1975;59:369-372.Crossref 5. Silver HKB, Rangel DM, Morton DL: Malignant melanoma patients . Cancer 1980;41:1497-1499.Crossref 6. Donoso LA, Magargal LE, Sanborn G, et al: Microcomputer applications in retinal research . Ophthalmology 1982;89:81-85.Crossref 7. Fuyamada H, Nagatsu H, Ogawa K, et al: Serum glycylproline p-nitroanilidase activity in human hypertension . Clin Chem Acta 1977;74:177-181.Crossref 8. Rosalki SB, Nemesannszky E, Foo AT: A new fluorescence method for γ-glutamyl transferase isoenzyme demonstration . Ann Clin Biochem 1981;18:25-27.Crossref 9. Tsou KC, Lo KW, Herberman RB, et al: Detection of liver metastasis with 5' nucleotide phosphodiesterase isoenzyme-V in gastrointestinal cancer patients . Oncology 1980;37:381-385.Crossref 10. Bio-Rad technical bulletin N39:HPLC analysis of sialic acid in serum. Bio-Rad Corporation, Richmond, California, January 1982. 11. Kojima J, Kanatani M, Nakamura N, et al: Electrophoretic fractionation of serum γ-glutamyl transpeptidase in human hepatic cancer . Clin Chem Acta 1980;106:165-172.Crossref 12. Zimmerman LE, McLean IW: An evaluation of enucleation in the management of uveal melanomas . Am J Ophthalmol 1979;87:741-760. 13. Manschot WT, van Peperzeel HA: Choroidal melanoma: Enucleation or observation? A new approach . Arch Ophthalmol 1980;98:71-77.Crossref 14. Zimmerman LE, McLean IW: Metastatic disease from untreated uveal melanomas . Am J Ophthalmol 1979;88:524-534. 15. Albert DM, Wagoner MD, Smith ME: Are metastatic evaluations indicated before enucleation of ocular melanoma? Am J Ophthalmol 1980;90:429-432. 16. Pollock TW, Mullen JL, Tsou KC, et al: Serum 5' nucleotide phosphodiesterase as a predictor of hepatic metastasis in gastrointestinal cancer . Am J Surg 1979;137:22-28.Crossref 17. Blomer S, Davidson EA: Preparation and properties of a glycoprotein associated with malignancy . Biochemistry 1981;20:1047-1054.Crossref
Addicks, Earl M.;Quigley, Harry A.;Green, W. Richard;Robin, Alan L.
1983 Archives of Ophthalmology
doi: 10.1001/archopht.1983.01040010795021pmid: 6847472
Abstract • Tissues from six functioning and four failed filtering blebs in glaucomatous eyes examined by light and electron microscopy showed normal epithelium. The response of the subepithelial connective tissue differed in the two groups. Failed blebs had dense collagenous connective tissue in their walls. In functioning blebs, the subepithelial connective tissue was loosely arranged and contained histologically clear spaces. These clear spaces corresponded in size and position to microcystic spaces seen clinically in functioning blebs. The presence of microcystic spaces visible by slit-lamp examination is probably a good sign of bleb function. References 1. Teng CC, Chi HH, Katzin HM: Histology and mechanism of filtering operations . Am J Ophthalmol 1959;47:16-34. 2. Sinnreich Z, Barishak R, Stein R: Leaking filtering blebs . Am J Ophthalmol 1978;86:345-349. 3. Maumenee AE: External filtering operations for glaucoma: The mechanism of function and failure . Trans Am Ophthalmol Soc 1960;58:319-328. 4. Lütjen-Drecoll E, Bárány EH: Functional and electron microscopic changes in the trabecular meshwork remaining after trabeculectomy in cynomologous monkeys . Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1974;13:511-524. 5. Rich AM, McPherson SD: Trabeculectomy in the owl monkey . Ann Ophthalmol 1973;5:1082-1088. 6. Regan EF: Scleral cautery with iridectomy: An experimental study . Trans Am Ophthalmol Soc 1963;61:219-227. 7. Friedenwald JS: Some problems in the diagnosis and treatment of glaucoma . Am J Ophthalmol 1950;33:1523-1538. 8. Kornblueth W, Tenenbaum E: The inhibitory effect of aqueous humor on the growth of cells in tissue cultures . Am J Ophthalmol 1956;42:70-74. 9. Herschler J, Claflin AJ, Fiorentino G: The effect of aqueous humor on the growth of subconjunctival fibroblasts in tissue culture and its implications for glaucoma surgery . Am J Ophthalmol 1980;89:245-249. 10. Radius RL, Herschler J, Claflin A, et al: Aqueous humor changes after experimental filtering surgery . Am J Ophthalmol 1980;89:250-254. 11. Pederson JE, MacLellan HM, Gaasterland DE: The role of reflux fluid movement into the eye from Schlemm's canal during hypotony in the rhesus monkey . Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1978;17:377-381. 12. Tennar A, Jaeger W: Demonstration of aqueous outflow by fluorescein injection into the anterior chamber after various types of glaucoma operations . Doc Ophthalmol 1976;9:85-89. 13. Kronfeld PC: The chemical demonstration of transconjunctival passage of aqueous after antiglaucomatous operations . Am J Ophthalmol 1952;35:38-45.
Haluska, Frank G.;Puliafito, Carmen A.;Henriquez, Antonio;Albert, Daniel M.
1983 Archives of Ophthalmology
doi: 10.1001/archopht.1983.01040010799022pmid: 6342583
Abstract • Ophthalmia nodosa is the nodular granulomatous inflammatory response of ocular tissue to caterpillar hairs. We experimentally simulated this condition by surgically implanting gypsy moth hairs in the rabbit cornea. We were not, however, able to produce ophthalmia nodosa solely by placing cilia in the rabbit culde-sac. The experimentally induced inflammation closely resembled human ophthalmia nodosa in both its clinical and histopathologic features. References 1. Duke-Elder S: System of Ophthalmology . St Louis, CV Mosby Co, 1972, vol 3: Injuries, pp 1197-1202. 2. Pagenstecher: Interessante Praparate von Eindringen Conjunctiva und die Iris mit daran sich bildenen tuberkelartigen Kmochten . Ber Versammlung Ophthalmol Ges 1883;15:176-182. 3. Watson PG, Sevel D: Ophthalmia nodosa . Br J Ophthalmol 1966;50:209-217.Crossref 4. Lertchavanakul A, Pearce WG, Nigam S: Ophthalmia nodosa . Can J Ophthalmol 1975; 10:86-88. 5. Gunderson T, Heath P, Garron LK: Ophthalmia nodosa . Trans Am Ophthalmol Soc 1950;48:151-169. 6. Grant WM: Toxicology of the Eye , ed 2. Springfield, Ill, Charles C Thomas Publisher, 1974, pp 247-248. 7. Ascher KW: Correspondence: Mechanism of locomotion observed on caterpillar hairs . Am J Ophthalmol 1968;66:354-355. 8. Stargardt K: Ueber Pseudotuberculose und gutartige Tuberculose des Auges, mit besonderer Berucksichtigung der binocularmikroscopischen Untersuchungsmethode . Arch Ophthalmol 1903; 55:469-506. 9. Dejean C, Harant J: Experiences d'inoculation de poils de chenille processionnaire dans l'oeil du lapin . Arch Soc Sci Med Biol Montpellier 1934;15:539-546. 10. Villard H, Dejean C: L'ophthalmie des chenilles recherches experimentales inoculation de poils de chenille processionnaire sur l'oeil du lapin . Arch Ophthalmol 1934;51:719-745.
Rodrigues, Merlyn M.;Streeten, Barbara W.;Krachmer, Jay H.;Laibson, Peter R.;Salem, Norman;Passonneau, Janet;Chock, Stephen
1983 Archives of Ophthalmology
doi: 10.1001/archopht.1983.01040010802023pmid: 6189473
Abstract • Keratoplasty specimens from eight patients with granular corneal dystrophy (GCD) and age-matched control subjects were examined by combinations of immunohistological stains, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and sodium dodecyl sulfate gel electrophoresis. Fresh frozen sections from corneas with GCD stained positively with antibodies to microfibrillar protein by immunofluorescence. Routine TEM disclosed that the granules had central electron-dense areas partially surrounded by 9- to 10-nm tubular microfibrils. Material eluted from corneas with GCD showed denser peptide bands at 65 and 110 kilo than in normal corneas. Stains were negative for elastin, amyloid, neutral lipids, cholesterol, and glycosaminoglycan. Luxol fast blue MBSN stain was strongly positive in the granules in all cases examined. Immunofluorescent stains were negative with antibodies to plasma fibronectin (cold insoluble globulin), laminin, collagens I to V, basement membrane proteoglycan, tropoelastin, and keratin. In two corneas with GCD an increased lipid content was found in every phospholipid class, although cholesterol content was unchanged. Alterations in the fatty acid profiles of phospholipids were also observed. References 1. Garner AL: Histochemistry of corneal granular dystrophy . Br J Ophthalmol 1969;53:799-807.Crossref 2. Iwamoto T, Srinivasan BD, Mund ML, et al: Ultrastructural variation in granular dystrophy of the cornea . Albrecht Von Graefes Arch Klin Exp Ophthalmol 1975;194:1-9.Crossref 3. Akiya S, Brown SI: Granular dystrophy of the cornea: Characteristic electron microscopic lesions . Arch Ophthalmol 1970;84:179-192.Crossref 4. Waring GO, Rodrigues MM, Laibson PR: Dystrophies of the epithelium, Bowman's layer and stroma . Surv Ophthalmol 1978;23:71-122.Crossref 5. Brownstein S, Fine BS, Sherman ME: Granular dystrophy of the cornea: Light and electron microscopic confirmation of recurrence in a graft . Am J Ophthalmol 1974;77:701-710. 6. Witschel H, Sundmacher R: Bilateral recurrence of granular corneal dystrophy in the grafts: A clinicopathologic study . Albrecht Von Graefes Arch Klin Exp Ophthalmol 1979;209:179-188.Crossref 7. Johnson BL, Brown SI, Zaidman GW: A light and electron microscopic study of recurrent granular dystrophy of the cornea . Am J Ophthalmol 1981;92:49-58. 8. Yamaguchi T, Bando M, Kanai A, et al: Phospholipid in human cornea of the granular dystrophy . Nippon Ganka Gakkai Zasshi 1978; 82:71-75. 9. Kewley MA, Steven FS, Williams G: Immunofluorescence studies with a specific antiserum to the microfibrillar protein of elastic fibers . Immunology 1977;33:381-386. 10. Streeten BW, Licari PA, Marucci AA, et al: Immunohistochemical comparison of ocular zonules and the microfibrils of elastic tissue . Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1981;21:130-134. 11. Lillie RD, Fullmer HM: Histopathologic Technic and Practical Histochemistry , ed 4. New York, McGraw-Hill Book Co, 1976, p 717. 12. Laemmli UK: Cleavage of structural proteins during the assembly of the head of bacteriophage T4 . Nature 1970;227:680-685.Crossref 13. Morrison WR, Smith LM: Preparation of fatty acid methyl esters and dimethylacetals from lipids with boron fluoride-methon . J Lipid Res 1964;5:600-608. 14. Hanrel HK, Dam H: Determination of small amounts of total cholesterol by the Tschngaeff reaction with a note on the determination of lathosterol . Acta Chem Scand B 1955; 9:677-682.Crossref 15. Nelson GJ: Quantitative analysis of blood lipids , in Nelson GJ (ed): Blood Lipids and Lipoproteins: Quantitation, Composition and Metabolism . New York, John Wiley & Sons Inc, 1972, pp 26-72. 16. Sheraidah GAK, Winder AF, Fielder AR: Lipid and protein constituents of human arcus . Atherosclerosis 1981;40:91-98.Crossref 17. Waardenburg PJ, Jonkers GH: A specific type of dominant progressive dystrophy of the cornea developing after birth . Acta Ophthalmologica 1961;39:919-923.Crossref 18. Haddad R, Font RL, Fine BS: Unusual superficial variant of granular dystrophy of the cornea . Am J Ophthalmol 1977;83:213-218. 19. Klintworth GK: Proteins in ocular disease , in Garner A, Klintworth GK (eds): Pathobiology of Ocular Disease: A Dynamic Approach , part B. New York, Marcel Dekker Inc, 1982, p 994. 20. Hay ED: Extracellular matrix . J Cell Biol 1981;91:205-223.Crossref 21. Gorevic PD: The amyloid diseases: Clinicopathologic and biochemical correlations , in Franklin EC (ed): Clinical Immunology Update: Reviews for Physicians . New York, Elsevier North Holland Inc, 1981, pp 1-30. 22. Streeten BW, Swan DA, Liccari PA, et al: The protein composition of the ocular zonules . Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1983;24:119-123. 23. Sear CHJ, Kewley MA, Jones CJP, et al: The identification of glycoproteins associated with elastic-tissue microfibrils . Biochem J 1978; 170:715-718. 24. Lehto VP, Linder E: Localization of microfibrillar antigen(s) in human fetal tissues and comparison with other connective tissue components . Clin Immunopathol 1980;17:389-405.Crossref 25. Mayer BW, Hay ED, Hynes RO: Immunocytochemical localization of fibronectin in embryonic chick trunk and area vacuoles . Dev Biol 1981;82:267-268.Crossref 26. Low FN: Microfibrils: Fine filamentous components of the tissue space . Anat Rec 1962; 142:131-138.Crossref 27. Olson MD: Development of Bruch's membrane in the chick: An electron microscopic study . Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1979;18:329-338. 28. Sandberg LB, Soskel NT, Leslie JG: Elastin structures, biosynthesis and relation to disease states . N Engl J Med 1981;304:566-579.Crossref 29. Richmond VL: The microfibrillar components of porcine lung elastic tissue . Biochim Biophys Acta 1981;669:193-205.Crossref 30. Jakus MA: Studies on the cornea: I. The fine structures of the rat cornea . Am J Ophthalmol 1954;38:40-53. 31. Streeten BW: The nature of the ocular zonule. Trans Am Ophthalmol Soc, in press. 32. Hay ED: Development of the vertebrate cornea . Int Rev Cytol 1980;63:263-322. 33. Ozanics V, Rayborn M, Sagun D: Observations on the morphology of the developing primate cornea: Epithelium: Its innervation and anterior stroma . J Morphol 1977;153:263-298.Crossref 34. Craig AS, Parry DAD: Collagen fibrils of the vertebrate corneal stroma . J Ultrastruct Res 1981;74:232-239.Crossref 35. Tschetter RT: Lipid analysis of the human cornea with and without arcus senilis . Arch Ophthalmol 1966;76:403-405.Crossref 36. Broekhuyse RM, Kuhlmann ED: Lipids in tissues of the eye: IV. Sphingomyelins and cholesterol esters in human sclera . Exp Eye Res 1972;14:111-113.Crossref 37. Cogan U, Shinitzky M, Weber G, et al: Microviscosity and order in the hydrocarbon region of phospholipid and phospholipid-cholesterol dispersions determined with fluorescent probes . Biochemistry 1973;12:521-528.Crossref 38. Dave JR, Knazek RA, Liu SC: Prolactin modified the fluidity of rat liver membranes . Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1981;100:45-51.Crossref 39. Shinitzky M, Barenholz Y: Fluidity parameters of lipid regions determined by fluorescence polarization . Biochim Biophys Acta 1978;515:367-394.Crossref 40. Hendriks TH, Klonipmakers AH, Dalmen FJM, et al: Biochemical aspects of the visual process. XXXII. Movement of sodium ions through bilayers composed of retinal and rod outer segment lipids . Biochim Biophys Acta 1976;433:271-281.Crossref 41. Grunze M, Deuticke B: Changes of membrane permeability due to excessive cholesterol depletion in mammalian erythrocytes . Biochim Biophys Acta 1974;356:125-130.Crossref 42. Dave JR, Knazek RA: Prostaglandin I2 modified both prolactin-binding capacity and fluidity of mouse liver membranes . Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1980;77:6597-6600.Crossref 43. Bertoli E, Finean JR, Griffiths PE: The role of lipid in regulation of mitochondrial adenosine triphosphatase . FEBS Lett 1976;61:163-165.Crossref 44. Bruni A, Van Dijck PWM, DeGrier J: The role of phospholipid acyl chains in the activation of mitochondrial ATPase complex . Biochim Biophys Acta 1975;406:315-328.Crossref 45. Robertson JD: Membrane structure . J Cell Biol 1981;91:181-203.Crossref
Lobel, David;Blumenthal, Michael
1983 Archives of Ophthalmology
doi: 10.1001/archopht.1983.01040010811024pmid: 6847473
Abstract • A different type of cutting tool can be used to prepare fragments of stainless steel razor blades for microsurgery. The tool can be used to cut even flexible, extremely thin, unbreakable razor blades to any size, shape, or tip angle. References 1. Castroviejo R: Atlas of Keratectomy and Keratoplasty . Philadelphia, WB Saunders Co, 1966, pp 68 and 69. 2. Stallard HB: Eye Surgery , ed 5. Bristol, England, John Wright & Sons Ltd Medical Publishers, 1973, pp 26 and 27. 3. Pierse D: Microsurgery instrumentation and surgical technique . Trans Ophthalmol Soc UK 1967;87:219-225.
May, Donald R.;Dignam, Bernard J.
1983 Archives of Ophthalmology
doi: 10.1001/archopht.1983.01040010812025pmid: 6847474
Abstract • A vacuum-attached infusion terminal for use in vitrectomy procedures has the advantage of being rapidly positioned in the eye through a 20-gauge pars plana incision. The terminal can be used as a temporary infusion source or throughout an entire vitrectomy procedure. References 1. O'Malley C, Heintz RM: Vitrectomy via the pars plana: A new instrument system . Trans Pac Coast Otoophthalmol Soc Annu Meet 1972;53:121-137. 2. O'Malley C, Heintz RM: Vitrectomy with an alternative instrument system . Ann Ophthalmol 1975;7:585-588. 3. May DR: An illuminated/infusion probe . Ocutome/Fragmatome Newsletter 1980;5:6-8. 4. May DR: A vacuum attached infusion terminal . Ocutome/Fragmatome Newsletter 1980;5:6. 5. O'Malley C: Recognition and management of uveal infusion . Ocutome/Fragmatome Newsletter 1978;3:6-8.
Rappazzo, J. Alan;Michels, Ronald G.
1983 Archives of Ophthalmology
doi: 10.1001/archopht.1983.01040010814026pmid: 6847475
Abstract • A four-instrument system of 20-gauge, rustproof intraocular forceps can be used in conjunction with pars plana vitrectomy to (1) extract intraocular foreign bodies, (2) manipulate intraocular tissue and a dislocated pseudophakos, and (3) obtain biopsy specimens of vitreous gel and abnormal preretinal and epiretinal membranes. The forceps can also be used as an intraocular needleholder for transvitreal suturing of selected giant retinal tear flaps. These instruments are lightweight and sturdy and use a guillotine action and a new barrel-handle design. To facilitate introduction and use through a pars plana approach, the various jaw faces are angled 135° from the long axis. Prototype models have been used successfully in numerous and varied clinical applications. References 1. Machemer R: A new concept for vitreous surgery: VII. Two-instrument techniques in pars plana vitrectomy . Arch Ophthalmol 1974;92:407-412.Crossref 2. Michels RG: Surgical management of nonmagnetic intraocular foreign bodies . Arch Ophthalmol 1975;93:1003-1006.Crossref 3. Hutton WL, Snyder WB, Vaiser A: Surgical removal of nonmagnetic foreign bodies . Am J Ophthalmol 1975;80:838-843. 4. Neubauer H, Heimann K, Kilp H, et al: Vitreous surgery in ophthalmic traumatology: Intraocular foreign bodies , in Shimizu K, Oosterhuis JA (eds): Acta XXIII Concilium Ophthalmologicum . Amsterdam, Excerpta Medica, 1979, vol 1, p 427. 5. Hancom TA, Landers MB III: Limbal extraction of posterior segment foreign bodies . Am J Ophthalmol 1979;88:777-778. 6. Hutton WL: Vitreous foreign body forceps . Am J Ophthalmol 1977;84:430-431. 7. Wilson DL: A new intraocular foreign body retriever . Ophthalmic Surg 1975;6:64-65. 8. Hickingbotham D, Parel J-M, Machemer R: Diamond-coated all-purpose foreign-body forceps . Am J Ophthalmol 1981;91:267-268. 9. Tolentino FI, Schepens CL, Freeman HM: Vitreoretinal Disorders: Diagnosis and Management . Philadelphia, WB Saunders Co, 1976, pp 559-560. 10. Michels RG: Diagnostic vitrectomy , in Vitreous Surgery . St Louis, CV Mosby Co, 1981, p 284. 11. Hickingbotham D, Chandler D, Machemer R: A biopsy system for intraocular specimens . Am J Ophthalmol 1981;92:121-122.
1983 Archives of Ophthalmology
doi: 10.1001/archopht.1983.01040010820027pmid: 6847476
Abstract To the Editor. —Numerous discussions regarding malignant hyperthermia have appeared in the opthalmologic literature in recent years.1-3 In the May Archives (1982;100:841-843), several authors wrote in concerning a report on malignant hyperthermia by Dodd et al.1 Several controversial points were addressed that I would like to comment on.Malignant hyperthermia does not invariably occur in people susceptible to malignant hyperthermia who undergo anesthesia. In fact, the reverse is true; most people susceptible to malignant hyperthermia can be anesthetized with all the "wrong" drugs without a recognizable malignant hyperthermia syndrome developing.4 It seems that the physiologic state of the person at the time of operation has as much influence as the drugs being used on whether or not he/she will "trigger" the reaction. These drugs, which include many anesthetic agents, can potentiate this condition. Other factors influencing the physiologic state include stress (eg, emotional, traumatic, and so on), References 1. Dodd MJ, Phattiyakul P, Silpasuvan S: Suspected malignant hyperthermia in a strabismus patient: A case report . Arch Ophthalmol 1981;99:1247-1250.Crossref 2. Waterman PM: Malignant hyperthermia syndrome . Am J Ophthalmol 1981;92:461-465. 3. Sedivick LA, Romano PE: Malignant hyperthermia: Considerations for the ophthalmologist . Surv Ophthalmol 1981;25:378-382.Crossref 4. Wingard DW: A stressful situation . Anesth Analg 1980;59:321-322.Crossref 5. Wingard DW, Bobko S: Failure of lidocaine to trigger porcine malignant hyperthermia . Anesth Analg 1979;58:99-103.Crossref 6. Harrison GG, Morrell DF: Response of MHS swine to IV infusion of lignocaine and bupivacaine . Br J Anaesth 1980;52:385-387.Crossref 7. Gronent GA, Milde JH, Theye RA: Porcine malignant hyperthermia induced by halothane and succinylcholine: Failure of treatment with procaine or procainamide . Anesthesiology 1976; 44:124-132.Crossref 8. Clarke IMC, Ellis FR: An evaluation of procaine in the treatment of malignant hyperpyrexia . Br J Anaesth 1975;47:17-20.Crossref 9. Klimanek J, Majewski W, Walencik K: A case of malignant hyperthermia during epidural analgesia . Anaesth Resusc Intensive Ther 1976; 4:143-145. 10. Wadhwa RK: Obstetric anesthesia for a patient with malignant hyperthermia susceptibility . Anesthesiology 1977;46:63-64.Crossref 11. Katz JD, Krich LB: Acute febrile reaction complicating spinal anaesthesia in a survivor of malignant hyperthermia . Can Anaesth Soc J 1976;23:285-289.Crossref 12. Gatz EE, Kerr DD, Wingard DW: Earlier diagnosis of malignant hyperthermia , in Aldrete JA, Britt BA (eds): International Symposium on Malignant Hyperthermia , ed 2. New York, Grune & Stratton Inc, 1978, pp 147-157. 13. Fitzgibbons DC: Malignant hyperthermia following preoperative oral administration of dantrolene . Anesthesiology 1981;54:73-75.Crossref 14. Kerr DD, Wingard DW, Gatz EE: Prevention of porcine malignant hyperthermia by oral dantrolene , in Aldrete JA, Britt BA (eds): International Symposium on Malignant Hyperthermia , ed 2. New York, Grune & Stratton Inc, 1978, pp 499-507.
1983 Archives of Ophthalmology
doi: 10.1001/archopht.1983.01040010821028pmid: 6687800
Abstract To the Editor. —I read with interest the article in the December 1981 Archives by Brockhurst et al entitled "Pathologic Findings in Familial Exudative Vitreoretinopathy" (99:2143-2146), but find myself in disagreement with several of their conclusions.Their observations regarding the absence of myopia in familial exudative vitreoretinopathy (FEVR) are not consistent with reported refractive errors in pedigrees thus far reported (Table 1). Moreover, when these data are compared with the data reported by Kushner1 regarding regressed retinopathy of prematurity in children, the usefulness of refractive error for differential diagnosis diminishes (Table 2). It would seem that both the mean and range of refractive errors in FEVR and retinopathy of prematurity are more similar than dissimilar.Criswick and Schepens2 believed, as did Gow and Oliver,3 that vitreous contraction was the primary event in this disorder. The authors mirror these sentiments. However, the recent observations of Ober et al References 1. Kushner BJ: Strabismus and amblyopia associated with regressed retinopathy of prematurity . Arch Ophthalmol 1982;100:256-261.Crossref 2. Criswick VG, Schepens CL: Familial exudative vitreoretinopathy . Am J Ophthalmol 1969;68:578-594. 3. Gow J, Oliver GL: Familial exudative vitreoretinopathy: An expanded view . Arch Ophthalmol 1971;86:150-155.Crossref 4. Ober RR, Bird AC, Hamilton AM, et al: Autosomal dominant exudative vitreoretinopathy . Br J Ophthalmol 1980;64:112-120.Crossref
1983 Archives of Ophthalmology
doi: 10.1001/archopht.1983.01040010829030
This article is only available in the PDF format. Download the PDF to view the article, as well as its associated figures and tables. Abstract Departmental Status. —The University of Utah School of Medicine has approved departmental status for the Division of Ophthalmology. Randall J. Olson, MD, has been selected as the acting chairman until a search is completed. New Officers. —The following officers were elected for 1983 to serve the American Society of Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery: president, Dr J. Earl Rathbun; president-elect, Dr Richard P. Carroll; vice-president, Dr Henry I. Baylis. Dr Mark R. Levine will remain as the executive secretary. Symposium. —An International Symposium on Herpetic Eye Diseases will be held May 17-19, 1984, in Leuven, Belgium. For further information, contact Dr P. C. Maudgal, Ophthalmological Clinic, A. Z. St. Rafaël, Kapucijnen voer 7, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium. Centennial Meeting. —The Board of the French Ophthalmological Society intends to publish a facsimile print of "Der Augendienst" by G. Bartisch in 1582 on the occasion of its centennial meeting. Persons interested in purchasing
1983 Archives of Ophthalmology
doi: 10.1001/archopht.1983.01040010829031
Abstract This book is written by a prominent ophthalmologist and covers a wide range of topics, not only the "evil eye." The author has a long-lived interest and experience in this area. He has accumulated an enviable collection of artifacts. He tries to give an overall view on how nonscientists, especially primitive people and tribes, evaluate and look at the eye. The author starts with a short chapter on the evil eye but then soon goes on to discuss other aspects, such as the eye of Horos and the eye of Medusa. The last chapter deals with the eye of Providence (what in German is usually referred to as "the eye of God"), giving some interesting examples from the past. Some of the chapters contain material that was new to the reviewer and probably difficult to find in other places. I was especially delighted to read the chapter on "ojo de References 1. Ellsworth FT: The Evil Eye . Secaucus, NJ, University Books/Citadel Press, 1895. 2. Seligman S: Die Zauberkraft des Auges und das Berufen . Den Haag, Holland, Verlag J Couvrier, 1921. 3. Clarence Maloney (ed): The Evil Eye . New York, Columbia University Press, 1976.
1983 Archives of Ophthalmology
doi: 10.1001/archopht.1983.01040010829029
This article is only available in the PDF format. Download the PDF to view the article, as well as its associated figures and tables.
1983 Archives of Ophthalmology
doi: 10.1001/archopht.1983.01040010830034
This article is only available in the PDF format. Download the PDF to view the article, as well as its associated figures and tables. Abstract This book contains chapters on the various aspects of cosmetic oculoplastic surgery by Dr Putterman and 17 other contributors. In addition to the detailed descriptions of various techniques, there are chapters that discuss numerous aspects of cosmetic oculoplastic surgery. The history, patient selection, patient evaluation, dermatopathology, psychiatry, cosmetology, and many other topics valuable in dealing with cosmetic surgery are discussed. Many books written by many authors have a notable variability in the quality of the text, illustrations, and readability from chapter to chapter. The fine editorial work by Maxine Gere and the superb illustrations in each chapter by Linda Warren have greatly contributed to a more uniform style throughout this book. Dr Putterman also adds cohesion to the book by a brief overview and evaluation of each chapter, at which time he notes his personal philosophy on a topic or procedure when he disagrees with the author of the chapter.
1983 Archives of Ophthalmology
doi: 10.1001/archopht.1983.01040010830035
This article is only available in the PDF format. Download the PDF to view the article, as well as its associated figures and tables. Abstract The fusion of neuro-ophthalmology and strabismology is the goal of Dr Dale. Since this is the first attempt to do just that, the book may well provide a benchmark for others. The author also attempts to bring neurophysiologic research results into the pragmatics of strabismic clinical care. The book is pleasantly readable, and most practicing ophthalmologists should enjoy a careful perusal of its contents. In return for careful reading of the book, 25 hours of category 1 continuing medical education credit toward the American Medical Association's Physician's Recoginition Award can be obtained by sending a modest fee and a completed answer sheet to the author's university. The author is less dogmatic than most experienced teachers of strabismus, hence less bias shows. However, as a result, he is slightly inconsistent. I will leave most small details of my critique to be discovered by the discerning reader. Overall, the surgical suggestions are
1983 Archives of Ophthalmology
doi: 10.1001/archopht.1983.01040010830033
This article is only available in the PDF format. Download the PDF to view the article, as well as its associated figures and tables. Abstract As stated on the flyleaf and in the introduction to this book, Blindness and Visual Handicap: The Facts is intended to increase the understanding (by social workers, community leaders, employers, and those in close contact with the blind) of the causes of blindness and its effects on blind persons; it also gives examples of ways of alleviating their disability. The first 109 pages are written by a sighted ophthalmologist who outlines the causes of blindness in lay terms. The remainder of the book is written by a blind international leader of work for the blind. The hopeful nature of productive adjustment to blindness is exemplified by a chapter entitled "Trail Blazers," which gives short biographies of famous blind persons.
1983 Archives of Ophthalmology
doi: 10.1001/archopht.1983.01040010830032
This article is only available in the PDF format. Download the PDF to view the article, as well as its associated figures and tables. Abstract This is the second printing of a catalog for this fabulous collection. Since 1979, at which time more than 600 books were cataloged, Dr Becker acquired another 160 new entries. These now include 90 titles that appeared between 1851 and 1900. The indexing is somewhat different. The books are listed according to the main topic and then arranged chronologically. I was recently interested in the history of cataract extraction as it was imagined, considered and executed before and after Daviel, and looking up these books in Becker's catalog I find that all pertinent publications can indeed be found in this collection. It is hard to imagine a similar array of old ophthalmic books existing in this country. Becker's collection, together with the rare book holdings of the Washington University School of Medicine Library, indeed constitute a national asset.
1983 Archives of Ophthalmology
doi: 10.1001/archopht.1983.01040010831038
This article is only available in the PDF format. Download the PDF to view the article, as well as its associated figures and tables. Abstract This book contains papers by 31 participants in an interdisciplinary symposium held in April 1980 and sponsored by the Committee on Vision of the National Research Council, plus papers by nine contributors to this volume (which was edited and revised after the symposium). The visual aspect of aging is becoming more important because of the increasing percentage of the population older than 65 years of which at least 5% has vision insufficient for reading. The editors provide short summaries of content before each of the following sections to promote integration: Anatomical changes and cell death in the lens, vitreous body, retina, and cerebral cortex, with little emphasis on ocular pathology per se. Physiological alterations of visual function, including much basicscience information on the lens, vitreous body, and retina. Ordinary testing of central visual acuity, the author claims, is inadequate because of the sharp brightness contrasts in test charts,
1983 Archives of Ophthalmology
doi: 10.1001/archopht.1983.01040010831037
This article is only available in the PDF format. Download the PDF to view the article, as well as its associated figures and tables. Abstract This is the first book that integrates new diagnostic tests with old ones to facilitate surgical decisionmaking on eyes where direct fundus examination is impossible. The authors have had experience with Robert Machemer at the Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, with D. Jackson Coleman at the Institute of Ophthalmology of Columbia University, New York, and with Karl Ossoinig at the University of Iowa, Iowa City. In addition, they have performed examinations of more than 3,000 patients with opaque media, followed by more than 1,500 operations on these same patients. Their extensive experience is reflected in the presentation of these new modalities for examination, described with beautiful clarity and accompanied by many appropriate drawings and illustrations of the findings from the many disorders of the posterior ocular segment and after ocular injury. The various sections include initial evaluation by usual examination and retinal function tests, bright-flash electroretinogram, visually evoked potential or response
1983 Archives of Ophthalmology
doi: 10.1001/archopht.1983.01040010831036
This article is only available in the PDF format. Download the PDF to view the article, as well as its associated figures and tables. Abstract As stated in the preface, this book by 17 authors is intended to bring practical information up to date on procedures for and diagnosis and treatment of a timely selection of 18 ocular conditions. These include ocular herpes, abnormalities of the tear film, fungal keratitis, conjunctival transplantation for corneal epithelial abnormalities, the use of extendedwear contact lenses, pharmacologic treatment of glaucoma, infantile glaucoma, cyclopexy for hypotony due to traumatic cyclodialysis, orbital lesions in children, the posterior fixation suture in limitations of extraocular movements, intraocular lens implantation in children, posterior ocular injury, complications of pars plana vitrectomy, toxoplasmosis, basal cell carcinoma of the lids, entropion and ectropion surgical failures, thyroid ophthalmopathy, and migraine. These presentations are definitely review papers, representing the personal views of the authors and supported by a considerable number of references. The value of each paper varies considerably, and much of the material presented is elementary and well-known
1983 Archives of Ophthalmology
doi: 10.1001/archopht.1983.01040010840039
This article is only available in the PDF format. Download the PDF to view the article, as well as its associated figures and tables.