Archives of Ophthalmology

1983 Archives of Ophthalmology

doi: 10.1001/archopht.1983.01040020660001

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Keeney, Arthur H.

1983 Archives of Ophthalmology

doi: 10.1001/archopht.1983.01040020687002pmid: 6639420

This article is only available in the PDF format. Download the PDF to view the article, as well as its associated figures and tables. Abstract Finally, in September 1982, Germany's standard-setting agency, Deutsches Institut für Normung (DIN), their equivalent of our American National Standards Institute (ANSI), relented and permitted the American Optical Airpuff Tonometer to be sold in Germany. However, increased labors from all technical nations are still needed. The Englishbuilt Perkins hand applanation tonometer cannot be sold in Germany. Neither our diopter nor our prism diopter exists in the International System of Units in the eyes of the International Union of Pure and Applied Physics. To the Germans, there is only the reciprocal meter (It's hard for me to write ophthalmic prescriptions in such terms.). Even the reference wavelength of monochromatic light used to measure what would be a diopter—a reciprocal meter—continues to be strongly championed by German optical scientists at the elegantly narrow mercury e line (546.07 nm according to the Draft International Standard [International Orgànization for Standardization/Draft International Standard (ISO/DIS)] 7944, Feb

Campbell, Patrick B.;Bull, Marilyn J.;Ellis, Forrest D.;Bryson, Carolyn Q.;Lemons, James A.;Schreiner, Richard L.

1983 Archives of Ophthalmology

doi: 10.1001/archopht.1983.01040020688003pmid: 6688950

Abstract • This study determined the incidence of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in 2,958 admissions to the Newborn Intensive Care Unit of the James Whitcomb Riley Hospital for Children, Indianapolis, between January 1976 and December 1979. Among 2,484 survivors, acute ROP developed in 72 (2.9%); 60 (83%) of these newborns had birth weights of less than 1,500 g. The incidence of acute ROP among survivors with birth weights of less than 1,000 g (28%) was approximately three times that of the survivors with birth weights between 1,001 and 1,500 g (10.1%). The overall incidence of blindness was 4.5% of surviving infants less than 1,000 g and 1.2% of those surviving with birth weights of 1,000 to 1,500 g. Evidence of the strong influence of immaturity and low birth weight on the risk of development of ROP is reaffirmed. Increasing survival of the most susceptible infants may be the factor contributing most to the overall incidence of ROP. References 1. Fledelius HC: Retinopathy or prematurity in Denmark: Epidemiological aspects, with reference also to minor ophthalmic damage. Read before the Retinopathy of Prematurity Conference, Washington, DC, Dec 4, 1981. 2. Phelps DL: Retinopathy of prematurity: An estimate of vision loss in the United States—1979 . Pediatrics 1981;67:924-926. 3. McCormick AQ: Retinopathy of prematurity . Curr Probl Pediatr 1977;77:9-28. 4. Helveston EM, Ellis FD: Pediatric Ophthalmology Practice . St Louis, CV Mosby Co, 1980. 5. Lubchenco LO, Searls DT, Brazie JV: Neonatal mortality: Relationship to birth weight and gestational age . J Pediatr 1972;81:814-822.Crossref 6. Riley P, Aranda JV: Changing incidence of retrolental fibroplasia in low birthweight infants, 1962-1980. Read before the Retinopathy of Prematurity Conference, Washington, DC, Dec 5,1981. 7. Hack M, Fanaroff AA, Merkatz IR: The low-birth-weight infant: Evolution of a changing outlook . N Engl J Med 1979;301:1162-1165.Crossref 8. LaGamma EF, Auld PAM: Mortality patterns in the infant under 1,000 grams , abstracted. Pediatr Res 1980;14:603. 9. Kumar S, Anday E, Sacks L, et al: Survival of the extremely low birth weight infant: Current limits of successful support , abstracted. Pediatr Res 1980;14:602. 10. Pomerance JJ: Incidence of retrolental fibroplasia. Read before the Retinopathy of Prematurity Conference, Washington, DC, Dec 5, 1981. 11. Kalina RE, Karr DJ: Retrolental fibroplasia: Experience over two decades in one institution . Ophthalmology 1982;89:91-95.Crossref 12. Petersen RA: Six years experience with retrolental fibroplasia in the Joint Program for Neonatology at Harvard Medical School. Read before the Retinopathy of Prematurity Conference, Washington, DC, Dec 5, 1981. 13. Sniderman SH, Riedel PA, Bert MD, et al: Factors influencing the incidence of retrolental fibroplasia. Read before the Retinopathy of Prematurity Conference, Washington, DC, Dec 6, 1981. 14. Kinsey VE, Arnold HJ, Kalina RE, et al: Pao2 levels and retrolental fibroplasia: A report of the cooperative study . Pediatrics 1977;60:655-668. 15. Lucey JF, Horbar JD, Orishi MJ: Cerebral and retinal hypoperfusion as a possible cause of retrolental fibroplasia: Hypothesis to explain non-oxygen related RLF , abstracted. Pediatr Res 1981;15:670.Crossref 16. Hittner HM, Godio LB, Rudolph AJ, et al: Retrolental fibroplasia: Efficacy of vitamin E in a double-blind clinical study of preterm infants . N Engl J Med 1981;305:1365-1371.Crossref 17. Silverman WA: Retrolental fibroplasia: A modern parable , in Oliver TD (ed): Monographs in Neonatology . New York, Grune & Stratton Inc, 1980.

Gass, J. Donald M.;Braunstein, Robert A.

1983 Archives of Ophthalmology

doi: 10.1001/archopht.1983.01040020691004pmid: 6639421

Abstract • Diffuse unilateral subacute neuroretinitis (DUSN) is a clinical syndrome characterized early by visual loss, vitritis, papillitis, and recurrent crops of graywhite retinal lesions and later by progressive visual loss, optic atrophy, retinal vessel narrowing, and diffuse pigment epithelial degeneration. Evidence is presented that it is caused by a nematode that is probably not Toxocara canis; that at least two nematodes of different sizes are involved; that there are at least two endemic areas for the disease; that these areas are related to the size of the nematode; that the nematode may remain viable in the eye for three years or longer and cause progressive ocular damage; that thiabendazole and diethylcarbamazine citrate are ineffective therapeutically; and that photocoagulation is effective in destroying the nematode. Surgical excision of the nematode was attempted in two patients. References 1. Gass JDM, Scelfo R: Diffuse unilateral subacute neuroretinitis . J R Soc Med 1978;71:95-111. 2. Gass JDM: Stereoscopic Atlas of Macular Diseases , ed 2. St Louis, CV Mosby Co, 1977. 3. Gass JDM, Gilbert WR, Guerry RK, et al: Diffuse unilateral subacute neuroretinitis . Ophthalmology 1978;85:521-545.Crossref 4. Parson HE: Nematode chorioretinitis: Report of a case, with photographs of a viable worm . Arch Ophthalmol 1952;47:799-800.Crossref 5. Price JA Jr, Wadsworth JAC: An intraretinal worm . Arch Ophthalmol 1970;83:768-770.Crossref 6. Rubin ML, Kaufman HE, Tierney JP, et al: An intraretinal nematode (a case report) . Trans Am Acad Ophthalmol Otolaryngol 1968;72:855-866. 7. Gass JDM: Stereoscopic Atlas of Macular Diseases: A Funduscopic and Angiographic Presentation , ed 1. St Louis, CV Mosby Co, 1970, p 65. 8. Raymond LA, Gutierriz Y, Strong LE, et al: Living retinal nematode (filarial-like) destroyed with photocoagulation . Ophthalmology 1978; 85:944-949.Crossref 9. Luxenberg MN: An experimental approach to the study of intraocular Toxocara canis . Trans Am Ophthalmol Soc 1979;77:542-602. 10. Pollard ZF, Jarrett WH, Hagler WS, et al: ELISA for diagnosis of ocular toxocariasis . Ophthalmology 1979;86:743-749.Crossref

Cogan, David G.;Chu, Fred C.;Barranger, John A.;Gregg, Richard E.

1983 Archives of Ophthalmology

doi: 10.1001/archopht.1983.01040020700005pmid: 6639422

Abstract • The macula halo syndrome is the name proposed to describe patients with a unique ring-form opacity about the foveolas and a histiocytic storage disease. Since sphingomyelinase deficiency has now been found in the three patients in whom it was sought (including two in the present report), the entity may be classified as a variant of Niemann-Pick disease. A secondary hyperlipidemia may also be present. The macula halos consisting of symmetric crystalloid opacities with little or no visual impairment are pathognomonic of the entity. References 1. Cogan DG, Chu F, Barranger J, et al: Macula Halo Syndrome. Read in part before the American Ophthalmological Society, Hot Springs, Va, May 25, 1982. 2. Wewalka F: Zur Frage der Blauen Pigmentmakrophagen im Sternalpunktat . Wien Klin Wochenschr 1950;62:788-791. 3. Cogan DG, Federman DD: Retinal involvement with reticuloendotheliosis of unclassified type . Arch Ophthalmol 1964;71:489-491.Crossref 4. Sebestyn J, Galfi I: Retinal functions in Niemann-Pick lipidosis . Ophthalmologica 1969; 157:349-356.Crossref 5. Saidi P, Azizi SP, Sarlati R, et al: Rare variant of lipid storage disorders . Blood 1970; 35:533-538. 6. Harzer K, Ruprecht KW, Seuffer-Schulze D, et al: Morbus Niemann-Pick Typ B—enzymatisch gesichert—mit unerwarteter retinaler Beteiligung . Albrecht Von Graefes Arch Klin Exp Ophthalmol 1973;206:79-88.Crossref 7. Hartwig H, Kolling G, Best W: Kirschrot Fleck im Makulabereich ohne sicheren Hinweis auf Sphingolipidose . Klin Monatsbl Augenheilkd 1978;173:716-719.

Reynard, Michael;Minckler, Don S.

1983 Archives of Ophthalmology

doi: 10.1001/archopht.1983.01040020703006pmid: 6639423

Abstract • Cataract extraction was performed on the sympathizing eyes of six patients with sympathetic ophthalmia. In five patients the clinical diagnosis of sympathetic ophthalmia was supported by the results of histologic examination of the exciting eye. The postoperative period averaged 12 years, and visual acuities ranged from 20/25 to light perception. The presence of posterior synechiae posed the major complicating operative factor. Cystoid macular edema, vitreous opacity, pupillary membrane formation, and corneal opacification were associated with postoperative visual impairment in four cases. We conclude that the underlying status of the sympathizing eye at the time of cataract extraction and postoperative management are critical factors that influence ultimate visual outcome. References 1. Duke-Elder S (ed): Diseases of the Uveal Tract. St Louis, CV Mosby, 1966, vol 9: System of Ophthalmology : pp 588-589. 2. Makley TA Jr, Azar A: Sympathetic ophthalmia: A long-term follow-up . Arch Ophthalmol 1978;96:257-262.Crossref 3. Baker AR: Sympathetic ophthalmia with report of pathological findings in two cases by Dr Edward P. Carlton, pathologist of Northwestern University Medical College, Chicago, 111 . Ophthalmic Rec 1909;18:105-114. 4. Marcus Gunn R: On sympathetic inflammation of the eyeball . R London Ophthalmol Hosp Rep 1886-1887;11:78-102, 273-326. 5. Anderson WA: Blindness following sympathetic ophthalmia of six years' standing: Operation: Recovery . Trans Ophthal Soc UK 1947; 67:481-482. 6. Weeks JE: Operative procedures on the exciting and the sympathizing eye in cases of sympathetic ophthalmia . JAMA 1905;44:287-291.Crossref 7. Smith FWG: Extraction of cataract in a case of sympathetic ophthalmia . Br J Ophthalmol 1949;33:779-780.Crossref 8. Henkind P, Wise GN: Cataract extraction in a sympathizing eye . Am J Ophthalmol 1974; 77:112-114. 9. Verhoeff FH, Irvine SR: Sympathetic uveitis: Results of treatment with diphtheria anti-toxin in 35 consecutive cases . NY State J Med 1936;36:63-67. 10. DeVoe AG: A ten-year follow-up on a case of sympathetic ophthalmia . Trans Am Ophthalmol Soc 1970;68:105-112. 11. Wong VG, Hersh EM, McMaster PRB: Treatment of a presumed case of sympathetic ophthalmia with methotrexate . Arch Ophthalmol 1966;76:66-76.Crossref 12. Lang W: Case of sympathetic ophthalmia from which a secondary cataract had been removed after administration of salvarsan . Proc R Soc Med 1914;7:95-97. 13. Cooke CT: Role of focal infections in sympathetic ophthalmia . Am J Ophthalmol 1920;3:33-39. 14. Jaffe NS: Cataract Surgery and Its Complications , ed 3. St Louis, CV Mosby Co, 1981, pp 157, 478. 15. Fischer JH: A case of severe sympathetic inflammation brought to a successful conclusion . Br J Ophthalmol 1933;17:35-38.Crossref 16. Fisher WA: Migratory ophthalmia followed by recovery of useful vision . Ophthalmic Rec 1912;21:672-674. 17. Burnham GH: The combined treatment in disease of the eye, especially in that of the uveal tract . Ophthalmic Rec 1904;13:540-547. 18. Report of the Committee on Sympathetic Ophthalmitis (case #16) . Trans Ophthalmol Soc UK 1886;6:170-291. 19. Samuels B: Glaucoma and sympathetic ophthalmia . Arch Ophthalmol 1937;17:1031-1039.Crossref 20. Gipner JF: Sympathetic ophthalmia and its complications: Surgical treatment . NY State J Med 1963;36:59-63. 21. Ramsay AM: Sympathetic ophthalmia . Ann Ophthalmol 1904;13:1-11. 22. Haik GM, Waugh RL Jr, Lyda W: Sympathetic ophthalmia: Similarity to bilateral endophthalmitis phacoanaphylactica: New therapeutic methods . Arch Ophthalmol 1952;47:437-453.Crossref 23. Ridley H: Cataract surgery in chronic uveitis . Trans Ophthalmol Soc UK 1965;85:519-525. 24. Kaplan HJ, Diamond JG, Brown SA: Vitrectomy in experimental uveitis: I. Operative techniques in rabbits . Arch Ophthalmol 1979; 97:331-335.Crossref 25. Diamond JG, Kaplan HJ: Lensectomy and vitrectomy for complicated cataract secondary to uveitis . Arch Ophthalmol 1978;96:1798-1804.Crossref 26. Algvere P, Alanko H, Dickhoff K, et al: Pars plana vitrectomy in the management of intraocular inflammation . Acta Ophthalmol 1981; 59:727-736.

Dieckert, J. Paul;Pruett, Ronald C.

1983 Archives of Ophthalmology

doi: 10.1001/archopht.1983.01040020706007pmid: 6639424

Abstract • The concept of a circumlinear vessel (CLV) of the optic disc was recently introduced into the opthalmic literature, and baring of the CLV was suggested as a sign of acquired disc injury, especially from glaucoma. In a review of fundus photographs of 27 eyes with optic nerve pits, only one eye was found in which the CLV was bared. This observation supports the concept that baring of the CLV is a sign of acquired disc change. References 1. Herschler J, Osher RH: Baring of the circumlinear vessel: An early sign of optic nerve damage . Arch Ophthalmol 1980;98:865-869.Crossref 2. Herschler J: Baring of the circumlinear vessel associated with optic nerve pits . Arch Ophthalmol 1981;99:338.Crossref 3. Osher RH, Herschler J: The significance of baring of the circumlinear vessel: A prospective study . Arch Ophthalmol 1981;99:817-818.Crossref 4. Mikelberg FS, Morgan JF: Baring of the circumlinear vessel associated with optic nerve pits . Arch Ophthalmol 1981;99:338.Crossref 5. Gass JDM: Serous detachment of the macula: Secondary to congenital pit of the optic nervehead . Am J Ophthalmol 1969;67:821-841. 6. Goldberg RE: Optic nerve pit and associated coloboma with serous detachment . Arch Ophthalmol 1974;91:160-161.Crossref 7. Halbertsma KTA: Crater-like hole and coloboma of the disc associated with changes at the macula . Br J Ophthalmol 1927;11:11-17.Crossref 8. Calhoun FP: Bilateral coloboma of the optic nerve: Associated with holes in disc and cyst of optic sheath . Arch Ophthalmol 1930;3:71-79.Crossref 9. Greear JN Jr: Pits, or crater-like holes, in the optic disc . Arch Ophthalmol 1942;28:467-483.Crossref 10. Walsh FB, Hoyt WF: Clinical Neuro-ophthalmology , ed 3. Baltimore, Williams & Wilkins Co, 1969, pp 669-671. 11. Kranenburg EW: Crater-like holes in the optic disc and central serous retinopathy . Arch Ophthalmol 1960;64:912-928.Crossref 12. Sugar HS: Congenital pits in the optic disc with acquired macular pathology . Am J Ophthalmol 1962;53:307-311. 13. Sugar HS: An explanation for the acquired macular pathology associated with congenital pits of the optic disc . Am J Ophthalmol 1964;57:833-835. 14. Gordon R, Chatfield RK: Pits in the optic disc associated with macular degeneration . Br J Ophthalmol 1969;53:481-489.Crossref 15. Mustonen E, Varonen T: Congenital pit of the optic nerve head associated with serous detachment of the macula . Acta Ophthalmol 1972;50:689-698.Crossref 16. Brockhurst RJ: Optic pits and posterior retinal detachment . Trans Am Ophthalmol Soc 1975;73:264-291. 17. Petersen HP: Pits or crater-like holes in the optic disc . Acta Ophthalmol 1958;36:435-443.Crossref 18. Pfaffenbach DD, Walsh FB: Central pit of the optic disk . Am J Ophthalmol 1972;73:102-106. 19. Brown GC, Shields JA, Goldberg RE: Congenital pits of the optic nerve head: II. Clinical studies in humans . Ophthalmology 1980;87:51-65.Crossref

Abadi, Richard V.;Dickinson, Christine M.

1983 Archives of Ophthalmology

doi: 10.1001/archopht.1983.01040020708008pmid: 6639425

Abstract • The clinical diagnosis of albinism can often be uncertain, particularly when one is confronted with blond patients with congenital nystagmus. Monochromatic fundus photography was carried out on 31 patients with congenital nystagmus to examine three retinal features: the macular pigment, foveal vasculature, and the retinal pigment epithelium. All subjects who were later classified as albinos did not exhibit any signs of macular pigmentation. Our results imply that monochromatic fundus photography can be a useful aid in the diagnosis of albinism. References 1. Witkop CJ Jr: Albinism , in Harris H, Hirschhorn K (eds): Advances of Human Genetics . New York, Plenum Press, 1971, vol 2. 2. Witkop CJ Jr, Quevedo WC Jr, Fitzpatrick TB: Albinism , in Stanbury JB, Wyngaarden JB, Fredricksen DS (eds): Metabolic Basis of Inherited Disease , ed 4. New York, McGraw-Hill Book Co, 1978, pp 283-316. 3. Francois J: Albinism . Ophthalmologica 1979; 178:19-31.Crossref 4. Jay B, Carroll W: Albinism: Recent advances . Trans Ophthalmol Soc UK 1980; 100:467-471. 5. Taylor WOG: Visual disabilities of oculocutaneous albinism and their alleviation: Edridge-Green Lecture . Trans Ophthal Soc UK 1978; 98:423-445. 6. Kugelman TP, van Scott EJ: Tyrosinase activity in melanocytes of human albinos . J Invest Dermatol 1961;37:73-76.Crossref 7. King RA, Witkop CJ Jr: Hairbulb tyrosinase activity in oculocutaneous albinism . Nature 1976;263:69-71.Crossref 8. Witkop CJ Jr: Depigmentations of the general and oral tissues and their genetic foundations . Ala J Med Sci 1979;16:331-343. 9. Nettleship E: Note on some varieties of albinism . Trans Ophthalmol Soc UK 1906;26:244-250. 10. Usher CH: Case of congenital nystagmus with microscopical examination of the eyeballs . R Lond Ophthalmic Hosp Rep 1912;18:440-447. 11. Usher CH: Histological examination of an adult human albino's eyeball with a note on mesoblastic pigmentation in foetal eyes . Biometrika 1920;13:45-56. 12. Fulton AB, Albert DM, Craft JL: Human albinism: Light and electron microscopy study . Arch Ophthalmol 1978;96:305-310.Crossref 13. O'Donnell FE Jr, Hambrick W Jr, Green WR, et al: X-linked ocular albinism: An oculocutaneous macromelanosomal disorder . Arch Ophthalmol 1976;94:1883-1892.Crossref 14. O'Donnell FE Jr, King RA, Green WR, et al: Autosomal recessively inherited ocular albinism: A new form of ocular albinism affecting females as severely as males . Arch Ophthalmol 1978;96:1621-1625.Crossref 15. Behrendt T, Wilson LA: Spectral reflectance photography of the retina . Am J Ophthalmol 1965;59:1079-1088. 16. Potts AM: Monochromatic ophthalmoscopy . Trans Am Ophthalmol Soc 1965;63:276-293. 17. Cullen AP: Fundus examination with restricted spectrum light . Am J Optom Physiol Opt 1971;48:803-810.Crossref 18. Delori FC, Gragoudas ES: Examination of the ocular fundus with monochromatic light . Ann Ophthalmol 1976;8:703-709. 19. Delori FC, Gragoudas ES, Francisco R, et al: Monochromatic ophthalmoscopy and fundus photography: I. The normal fundus . Arch Ophthalmol 1977;95:861-868.Crossref 20. Ducrey NM, Delori FC: Monochromatic ophthalmoscopy and fundus photography: II. The pathological fundus . Arch Ophthalmol 1979; 97:288-293.Crossref 21. Bird AC, Weale RA: On the retinal vasculature of the human fovea . Exp Eye Res 1974; 19:409-417.Crossref 22. Gregor Z: The perifoveal vasculature in albinism . Br J Ophthalmol 1978;62:554-557.Crossref 23. Falls HF: Sex-linked ocular albinism displaying typical fundus changes in the female heterozygote . Am J Ophthalmol 1951;34:41-50. 24. Ohrt V: Ocular albinism with changes typical of carriers . Br J Ophthalmol 1956;40:721-729.Crossref 25. Goodman G, Ripps H, Siegel IM: Sexlinked ocular disorders: Trait expressivity in males and carrier females . Arch Ophthalmol 1965;73:387-398.Crossref 26. King RA, Witkop CJ: Hairbulb tyrosinase activity in oculocutaneous albinism . Nature 1976; 263:69-71.Crossref 27. Wald G: Human vision and the spectrum . Science 1945;101:653-658.Crossref 28. Haidinger W: Über das direkte Erkennen des polarisierten Lichts . Phys Leipzig 1844;63:29-39.Crossref 29. Shute CCD: Haidinger's brushes and predominant orientation of collagen in corneal stroma . Nature 1974;250:163-164.Crossref 30. Cogan DG: Some ocular phenomena produced with polarized light . Arch Ophthalmol 1941;25:391-400.Crossref 31. Hochheimer BF: Polarised light retinal photography of a monkey eye . Vision Res 1978;18:19-23.Crossref 32. DeVries H, Spoor A, Jielof R: Properties of the eye with respect to polarised light . Physica 1953;19:419-432.Crossref 33. Naylor EJ, Stanworth A: Retinal pigment and the Haidinger effect . J Physiol 1954;124:543-552. 34. Bone RA: The role of macular pigment in the detection of polarised light . Vision Res 1980; 20:213-220.Crossref 35. Wald G: Human vision and the spectrum . Science 1945;101:653-658.Crossref 36. Wald G: The photochemistry of vision . Doc Ophthalmol 1949;3:49-134. 37. Stabell U, Stabell B: Variation in density of macular pigmentation and in short-wave cone sensitivity and eccentricity . J Opt Soc Am 1980; 70:706-711.Crossref 38. Ruddock KH: Evidence for macular pigmentation from colour matching data . Vision Res 1963;3:417-429.Crossref 39. Bone RA: Computer-enhanced resolution as an aid to identifying the macular pigment . Vision Res 1976;16:1191-1192.Crossref 40. Walls GL, Judd HD: The intra-ocular colour filters of vertebrates . Br J Ophthalmol 19;17:641-675, 705-725.Crossref 41. Rodieck RW: The Vertebrate Retina: Principles of Structure and Function . San Francisco, WH Freeman & Co Publishers, 1973, pp 246-247. 42. Reading VM, Weale RA: Macular pigment and chromatic aberration . J Opt Soc Am 1974; 64:231-234.Crossref 43. Charman WN, Jennings JAM: The optical quality of the monochromatic retinal image as a function of focus . Br J Physiol Opt 1976;31:119-134. 44. Wirtschafter JD, Denslow GR, Shine IB, et al: Quantification of iris translucency in albinism . Arch Ophthalmol 1973;90:274-277.Crossref 45. Jay B, Carruthers B, Treplin MCW, et al: Human albinism . Birth Defects 1976;12:415-426. 46. Bergsma DR, Kaiser-Kupfer M: A new form of albinism . Am J Ophthalmol 1974;77:837-844. 47. Fitzpatrick TB, Kimbow K, Donaldson DD: Dominant oculocutaneous albinism , abstracted. Br J Dermatol 1974;91( (suppl 10) ):23.Crossref 48. Zinn KM, Benjamin-Henkind JV: Anatomy of the human pigment epithelium , in Zinn KM, Marmor MF (eds): The Retinal Pigment Epithelium . Cambridge, Mass, Harvard University Press, 1979, chap 1. 49. Yanoff M: Macular pathology , in Yannuzzi LA, Gitter KA, Schatz H (eds): The Macula: A Comprehensive Text and Atlas . Baltimore, Williams & Wilkins Co, 1979, chap 1. 50. Fitzpatrick TB, Quevedo WC: Albinism , in Stanbury JB, Wyngaarden JB, Fredricksen DS (eds): The Metabolic Basis of Inherited Disease , ed 3. New York, McGraw-Hill Book Co, 1972, pp 326-337.

Laing, Ronald A.;Neubauer, Lorenz;Leibowitz, Howard M.;Oak, Setsuko S.

1983 Archives of Ophthalmology

doi: 10.1001/archopht.1983.01040020714009pmid: 6639426

Abstract • In the rabbit, cells coalesce to repair a damaged corneal endothelial layer. Clinical specular microscopy showed that this phenomenon also occurs in human beings. The resulting endothelial cells are large, irregularly shaped, and multinucleated. They are quite different in their specular microscopic appearance from corneal endothelial cells seemingly undergoing mitosis, which was observed in a successful penetrating keratoplasty and which represents another apparent mode of repair. Additional evidence for coalescence of endothelial cells is derived from evaluation of histograms of cell size v age that have been published previously. References 1. Laing RA, Sandstrom MM, Leibowitz HM: In vivo photomicrography of the corneal endothelium . Arch Ophthalmol 1975;93:143-145.Crossref 2. Laing RA, Sandstrom MM, Berrospi AR, et al: Changes in corneal endothelium as a function of age . Exp Eye Res 1976;22:587-594.Crossref 3. Capella JA: Regeneration of endothelium in diseased and injured corneae . Am J Ophthalmol 1972;74:810-817. 4. Laing RA, Sandstrom MM, Berrospi AR, et al: The human corneal endothelium in keratoconus . Arch Ophthalmol 1979;97:1867-1869.Crossref 5. Laing RA, Leibowitz HM, Oak SS, et al: Endothelial mosaic in Fuchs' dystrophy . Arch Ophthalmol 1981;99:80-83.Crossref 6. Neubauer L: Endothelbefunde bei Erkrankungen des vorderen Augenabschnittes . Ber Dtsch Ophthalmol Ges 1980;77:497-501. 7. Sherrard ES: The corneal endothelium in vivo: Its response to mild trauma . Exp Eye Res 1976;22:347-357.Crossref 8. Bourne WM, Kaufman HE: Endothelial damage associated with intraocular lenses . Am J Ophthalmol 1976;81:482-485. 9. Laing RA, Sandstrom M, Berrospi AR, et al: Morphological changes in corneal endothelial cells after penetrating keratoplasty . Am J Ophthalmol 1976;82:459-464. 10. Doughman DJ, van Horn D, Rodman WP, et al: Human corneal endothelial layer repair during organ culture . Arch Ophthalmol 1976;94:1791-1796.Crossref 11. Waring GO III, Bourne WM, Edelhauser HF, et al: The corneal endothelium: Normal and pathologic structure and function . Ophthalmology 1982;89:531-590.Crossref 12. Van Horn DL, Hyndiuk RA: Endothelial wound repair in primate cornea . Exp Eye Res 1975;21:113-124.Crossref 13. Mishima S: Clinical investigations on the corneal endothelium . Am J Ophthalmol 1982;93:1-29. 14. Kraff MC, Sanders DR, Lieberman HL: Monitoring for continuing endothelial cell loss with cataract extraction and intraocular lens implantation . Ophthalmology 1982;89:30-34.Crossref 15. Stark WJ, Maumenee AE, Dangel ME, et al: Intraocular lenses: Experience at the Wilmer Institute . Ophthalmology 1982;89:104-108.Crossref 16. Chi HH, Kelman CD: Effects of freezing on ocular tissues: I. Clinical and histological study of corneal endothelium . Am J Ophthalmol 1966;61-630-641. 17. Laflamme MY: Valeur comparee de deux techniques de conservation corneenne par greffes de cornee chez le lapin . Can J Ophthalmol 1977;12:128-132. 18. Faure JP, Kim YZ, Graf B: Formation of giant cells in the corneal endothelium during its regeneration after destruction by freezing . Exp Eye Res 1971;12:6-12.Crossref 19. Silverstein AM, Khodadoust AA, Prendergast RA: Desquamation of corneal endothelial cells . Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1982;22:351-358.

Sieving, Paul A.;Fishman, Gerald A.;Alexander, Kenneth R.;Goldberg, Morton F.

1983 Archives of Ophthalmology

doi: 10.1001/archopht.1983.01040020718010pmid: 6639427

Abstract • There is electrophysiologic evidence that photoreceptors have normal visual pigment density (outer segment length) at a stage of ocular siderosis when the photoreceptor membrane function is defective. The early receptor potentials (ERPs) from two patients showed normal amplitudes, although the electroretinograms (ERGs) had reduced a- and b-waves for both cone and rod ERG responses. Since the ERP is generated by photolysis of visual pigment and requires orientation of the pigment molecules by outer segment disc membranes, the normal ERP amplitudes suggest that the photoreceptor outer segments have normal photopigment density, are of normal length, and are properly oriented. However, the transduction mechanism that converts visual pigment photolysis into membrane electrical potentials (the ERG a wave) is defective at this stage of ocular siderosis. References 1. Karpe G: Das Elecktroretinogram bei siderosis bulbi . Bibl Ophthalmol 1957;48:182-190. 2. Knave B: Electroretinography in eyes with retained intraocular metallic foreign bodies . Acta Ophthalmol 1969;100( (suppl) ):4-63. 3. Duke-Elder S, MacFaul PA: Injuries: I. Mechanical injuries , in Duke-Elder S (ed): System of Ophthalmology . St Louis, CV Mosby Co, 1972, pp 525-544. 4. Brown KT, Watanabe K, Murakami M: The early and late receptor potentials of monkey cones and rods . Cold Spring Harbor Symp Quant Biol 1965;30:457-482.Crossref 5. Carr RE, Siegel IM: Action spectrum of the human early receptor potential . Nature 1970;225:88-89.Crossref 6. Sieving PA, Fishman GA: Regeneration of the human early receptor potential (ERP) following prolonged and flash bleaches . Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1981;20( (suppl) ):260. 7. Yonemura D, Kawasaki K: The early receptor potential in the human electroretinogram . Jpn J Physiol 1967;17:235-244.Crossref 8. Sieving PA, Fishman GA, Maggiano JM: Corneal wick electrode for recording bright flash electroretinograms and early receptor potentials . Arch Ophthalmol 1978;96:899-900.Crossref 9. Sieving PA: In Vivo Determination of Visual Pigment Regeneration in Humans by Measurements of the Early Receptor Potential (ERP), thesis. University of Illinois at the Medical Center, Chicago, 1981. 10. Osterberg G: Topography of the layers of rods and cones in the human retina . Acta Ophthalmol 1935;13( (suppl 6) ):11-102. 11. Sieving PA, Fishman GA: Rod contribution to the human early receptor potential (ERP) estimated from monochromats' data . Doc Ophthalmol Pro Ser 1982;31:95-102. 12. Cone RA, Brown PK: Dependence of the early receptor potential on the orientation of rhodopsin . Science 1967;156:536. 13. Pak WL: Some properties of the early electrical response in the vertebrate retina . Cold Spring Harbor Symp Quant Biol 1965;30:493-499.Crossref 14. Brindley GS, Gardner-Medwin AR: The origin of the early receptor potential of the retina . J Physiol 1966;182:185-194. 15. Young RW: The daily rhythm of shedding and degradation of rod and cone outer segment membranes in the chick retina . Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1978;17:105-116. 16. Szamier RB, Berson EL, Klein R, et al: Sex-linked retinitis pigmentosa: Ultrastructure of photoreceptors and pigment epithelium . Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1979;18:145-160. 17. Cibis PA, Brown EB, Hong SM: Ocular effects of systemic siderosis . Am J Ophthalmol 1957;44:158-172. 18. Berson EL, Watson G, Grasse KL, et al: Retinal degeneration in cats fed casein: IV. The early receptor potential . Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1981;21:345-350. 19. Frank RN, Goldsmith TH: Effects of cardiac glycosides on electrical activity in the isolated retina of the frog . J Gen Physiol 1967;50:1585-1606.Crossref 20. Fitzke FW, Massof RW: Absolute cone thresholds derived from the Ferry-Porter law . Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1980;20( (suppl) ):212. 21. Appel I, Barishak YR: Histopathological changes in siderosis bulbi . Ophthalmologica 1978;176:205-210.Crossref

Wang, Wen Ji;Li, C. X.;Sebag, Jerry;Ni, Chuo

1983 Archives of Ophthalmology

doi: 10.1001/archopht.1983.01040020723011pmid: 6639428

Abstract • A retrospective analysis of 20 cases of orbital fistula in Shanghai showed the causes to be trauma with foreign-body retention, osteomyelitis, mucocele, and dermoid cyst. Half the patients were children younger than 10 years old. Cicatricial ectropion, ptosis, and extraocular motility disturbance constituted the common clinical findings. Treatment according to the various causes included surgical removal of the foreign body, oral administration of antibiotics combined with local irrigation, radical extraction of all the epithelium lining the fistula, and excision of the fistula. References 1. Duke-Elder S, MacFaul PA: Injuries , in Duke-Elder S (ed): System of Ophthalmology . London, Henry Kimpton Publishers Limited, 1973, vol 14, pt 1, 1972, pp 650-669. 2. Brock L, Tanenbaum HL: Retention of wooden foreign bodies in the orbit . Can J Ophthalmol 1980;15:70-72. 3. Ferguson EC III: Deep, wooden foreign bodies of the orbit: A report of two cases . Trans Am Acad Ophthalmol Otolaryngol 1970;74:778-787. 4. Kapoor S, Kapoor MS, Sood GC: Osteomyelitis of orbital bone . J Pediatr Ophthalmol 1977;14:171-175. 5. Pollard ZF, Calhoun J: Deep orbital dermoid with draining sinus . Am J Ophthalmol 1975;79:310-313. 6. Morgan PR, Morrison WV: Complications of frontal and ethmoid sinusitis . Laryngoscope 1980;90:661-666.Crossref 7. Fearon B, Edmonds B, Bird R: Orbital-facial complications of sinusitis in children . Laryngoscope 1979;89:947-953.Crossref 8. Jarrett WH II, Gutman FA: Ocular complications of infection in the paranasal sinuses . Arch Ophthalmol 1969;81:683-688.Crossref 9. Stedman's Medical Dictionary , ed 23. Baltimore, Williams & Wilkins Co, 1976, p 530. 10. Sabiston DC Jr (ed): Davis-Christopher Textbook of Surgery , ed 11. Philadelphia, WB Saunders Co, 1977. 11. Macrae JA: Diagnosis and management of a wooden orbital foreign body: Case report . Br J Ophthalmol 1979;63:848-851.Crossref 12. Smith B: Early wounds in and about the orbit . Trans Am Ophthalmol Soc 1951;44:673-723. 13. Stewart DJ, Polomeno RC: Total transient visual loss and orbital foreign bodies . Can J Ophthalmol 1979;14:95-98. 14. Dayal Y, Hameed S: Periorbital dermoid . Am J Ophthalmol 1962;53:1013-1016. 15. Borley WE: Dermoid cyst of the orbit . Am J Ophthalmol 1939;22:1355-1359. 16. Duke-Elder S: Congenital Deformities , in Duke-Elder S (ed): System of Ophthalmology . London, Henry Kimpton Publishers Limited, 1972, vol 3, pt 2, pp 956-963.

Katz, Raananah Swirsky;Gass, J. Donald M.

1983 Archives of Ophthalmology

doi: 10.1001/archopht.1983.01040020726012pmid: 6605741

Abstract • Multiple choroidal osteomas developed in a 10-year-old black girl during recurrent episodes of bilateral orbital inflammatory pseudotumor, mild endophthalmitis, and a transient period of mild secondary hyperparathyroidism. The preponderance of these tumors in girls and women suggests that sex hormones may play a role in their pathogenesis; in our case, inflammation also seems to have been an important factor. References 1. Gass JDM, Guerry RK, Jack RL, et al: Choroidal osteoma . Arch Ophthalmol 1978;96:428-435.Crossref 2. Joffe L, Shields JA, Fitzgerald JR: Osseous choristoma of the choroid . Arch Ophthalmol 1978; 96:1809-1812.Crossref 3. Williams AT, Font RL, van Dyk HJL, et al: Osseous choristoma of the choroid simulating a choroidal melanoma . Arch Ophthalmol 1978;96:1874-1877.Crossref 4. Coston TO, Wilkinson CP: Choroidal osteoma . Am J Ophthalmol 1978;86:368-372. 5. Fava GE, Brown GC, Shields JA, et al: Choroidal osteoma in a 6-year-old child . J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus 1980;17:203-205. 6. Gass JDM: New observations concerning choroidal osteomas . Int Ophthalmol 1979;2:71-84. 7. Kline LB, Skalka HW, Davidson JD, et al: Bilateral choroidal osteomas associated with fatal systemic illness . Am J Ophthalmol 1982; 93:192-197. 8. Mottow LS, Jakobiec FA: Idiopathic inflammatory orbital pseudotumor in childhood . Arch Ophthalmol 1978;96:1410-1417.Crossref 9. Duke-Elder S (ed): System of Ophthalmology. London, Henry Kimpton Publishers, 1963, vol 3, pt 1: Embryology , p 158. 10. Tsukahara I, Hayashi M: Osseous choristoma of the choroid . Jpn J Ophthalmol 1980;24:90-95. 11. Augsburger JJ, Shields JA, Rife CJ: Bilateral choroidal osteoma after nine years . Can J Ophthalmol 1979;14:281-284.

Sorenson, Robert L.;Spencer, William H.;Stewart, William B.;Miller, William W.;Kleinhenz, Robert J.

1983 Archives of Ophthalmology

doi: 10.1001/archopht.1983.01040020730013pmid: 6685470

Abstract • Intravascular papillary endothelial hyperplasia (IPEH), a benign lesion histopathologically characterized by intravascular fibrous papillary fronds covered by pleomorphic endothelium, is usually found in the subcutaneous tissues of the head and extremities. We describe the clinical and histologic findings of IPEH in the upper eyelid of a 20-year-old woman. Intravascular papillary endothelial hyperplasia has been confused with angiosarcoma. The differential diagnosis and key distinguishing features are discussed and the literature is reviewed. References 1. Masson MP: Hémangioendothéliome végétant intravasculaire . Bull Soc Anat (Paris) 1923;93:517-532. 2. Masson MP: Vegetant intravascular hemangioendothelioma , in Human Tumors , ed 2. Detroit, Wayne State University Press, 1970, pp 306-308. 3. Civatee MMJ, Harter P: Un cas d'hémangioendothéliome végétant intravasculaire de P Masson . Bull Soc Fr Dermatol Syphiligr 1967;74:520-521. 4. Chagas CP: Hemangio-endotheliome intravasculaire . Ann Anat Pathol 1924;1:425-431. 5. Dhermy P, Offret H, Saraux H: Localisation palpebrale de l'hemangioendotheliome végétant intra-vasculaire . J Fr Ophthalmol 1978;1:361-364. 6. Fievez M, Hamels J: L'hémangio-endothéliome végétant intravasculaire . Arch Anat Cytol Pathol 1977;25:283-286. 7. Salyer WR, Salyer DC: Intravascular angiomatosis: Development and distinction from angiosarcoma . Cancer 1975;36:995-1001.Crossref 8. Salyer WR, Salyer DC: Intravascular angiomatosis in cutaneous vessels . Arch Dermatol 1974;110:811-812.Crossref 9. Kuo T, Sayers CP, Rosai J: Masson's 'vegetant intravascular hemangioendothelioma': A lesion often mistaken for angiosarcoma . Cancer 1976;38:1227-1236.Crossref 10. Henschen F: L'endovasculite proliférante thrombopoiétique dans la lesion vasculaire locale . Ann Anat Pathol 1932;9:113-121. 11. Cozzutto C, Guarino M, Dodero P, et al: Intravascular endothelial proliferations in children . Am J Clin Pathol 1979;71:247-252. 12. Clearkin KP, Enzinger FM: Intravascular papillary endothelial hyperplasia . Arch Pathol Lab Med 1976;100:441-444. 13. Amerigo J, Berry CL: Intravascular papillary endothelial hyperplasia in the skin and subcutaneous tissue . Virchows Arch Pathol Anat 1980;387:81-90.Crossref 14. Paslin DA: Localized primary cutaneous intravascular papillary endothelial hyperplasia . J Am Acad Dermatol 1981;4:316-318Crossref 15. Gold SC: Angioendothelioma (lymphatic type) . Br J Dermatol 1970;82:92-93.Crossref 16. Kuo T, Gomez LG: Papillary endothelial proliferation in cystic lymphangiomas: A lymphatic vessel counterpart of Masson's vegetant intravascular hemangioendothelioma . Arch Pathol Lab Med 1979;103:306-308. 17. Font RL, Boniuk M: Intravascular papillary endothelial hyperplasia of orbit and ocular adnexa: A lesion that mimics angiosarcoma , abstracted. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1979, p 205. 18. Kreutner A, Smith RM, Trefny FA: Intravascular papillary endothelial hyperplasia: Light and electron microscopic observations of a case . Cancer 1978;42:2304-2310.Crossref 19. Navarro C, Sanchez GF: Intravascular papillary endothelial hyperplasia . Arch Pathol Lab Med 1977;101:450. 20. Kauffman SL, Stout AP: Malignant hemangioendothelioma in infants and children . Cancer 1961;14:1186-1196.Crossref 21. Schwartz IS, Parris A: Cutaneous intravascular papillary endothelial hyperplasia: A benign lesion that may simulate angiosarcoma . Cutis 1982;29:66-74. 22. Barr RH, Graham JH, Sherwin LA: Intravascular papillary endothelial hyperplasia . Arch Dermatol 1978;114:723-726.Crossref 23. Stout AP, Lattes R: Tumors of the Soft Tissues . Atlas of Tumor Pathology, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, 1967, section 2, pt 1, pp 145-149. 24. Mehregan AH, Shapiro L: Angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia . Arch Dermatol 1971;103:50-57.Crossref 25. Wells GC, Whimster IW: Subcutaneous angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia . Br J Dermatol 1969;81:1-15.Crossref 26. Kimura T, Yoshimura S, Ishikawa E: On the unusual granulation combined with hyperplastic changes of lymphatic tissues . Trans Soc Pathol Jpn 1948;37:179-180. 27. Font RL: Angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia ('Kimura's disease'). Read before the Verhoeff Society Meeting, Washington, DC, April 2-25, 1982. 28. Peterson WC, Fusaro RM, Goltz RW: Atypical pyogenic granuloma . Arch Dermatol 1964; 90:197-201.Crossref 29. Jones EW, Bleehan SS: Inflammatory angiomatous nodules with abnormal blood vessels occurring about the ears and scalp (pseudo or atypical pyogenic granuloma) . Br J Dermatol 1969;81:804-816.Crossref 30. Wilson-Jones E, Marks R: Papular angioplasia-vascular papules of the face and scalp simulating malignant vascular tumors . Arch Dermatol 1970;102:422-427.Crossref 31. Rosai J, Akerman LR: Intravenous atypical vascular proliferation: A cutaneous lesion simulating a malignant blood vessel tumor . Arch Dermatol 1974;109:714-717Crossref 32. Enzinger FM: Intravascular papillary endothelial hyperplasia . Arch Pathol Lab Med 1977;101:450. 33. Dabska MS: Malignant endovascular papillary angioendothelioma of the skin in childhood . Cancer 1969;24:502-510.Crossref 34. De Dulanto F, Armijo-Moreno M: Malignant endovascular papillary hemangioendotheliomas of the skin . Acta Derm Venereol 1973;53:403-408. 35. Rosai J, Gold J, Landy R: The histocytoid hemangiomas: A unifying concept embracing several previously described entities of the skin, soft tissue, large vessels, bone, and heart . Hum Pathol 1979;10:707-730.Crossref 36. Daicker B, Raffa H: Endovasale Hemangiome der vena angularis . Ophthalmologica 1972; 165:472-481.Crossref 37. Wolter JR, Lewis RG: Endovascular hemangioendothelioma of the eyelid . Am J Ophthalmol 1974;78:727-729. 38. Weber FL, Babel J: Intravascular papillary endothelial hyperplasia of the orbit . Br J Ophthalmol 1981;65:18-22.Crossref 39. Hofeldt AJ, Zaret CR, Jakobiec FA, et al: Orbitofacial angiomatosis . Arch Ophthalmol 1979;97:484-488.Crossref

Font, Ramon L.;Wheeler, Thomas M.;Boniuk, Milton

1983 Archives of Ophthalmology

doi: 10.1001/archopht.1983.01040020733014pmid: 6685471

Abstract • This is a clincopathologic study of five patients with intravascular papillary endothelial hyperplasia involving the orbit and ocular adnexa. The median age of the patients was 45 years. Three lesions were located in the orbit, one in the eyelid, and one in the eyebrow. Four lesions were located within a distended vein and one involved an artery. The walls of the vessel corresponded to the "capsule" of the circumscribed mass. The lumen disclosed different stages of organization of a thrombus with prominent endothelial cell proliferation centered around cores of collagenous tissue and fibrin. Electron microscopy of one lesion displayed spindle-shaped cells with features of endothelial cells forming a polarized basement membrane with numerous micropinocytotic vesicles on their plasmalemma. Some cells showed ultrastructural features of pericytes. The lesion, which may be confused with angiosarcoma, represents an unusual exuberant proliferation of vascular endothelium as a cellular response to the organization of a thrombus. References 1. Masson P: Hemangioendothelioma vegetant intravasculaire . Bull Soc Anat Paris 1923;93:517-523. 2. Henschen P: L'endovasculite proliferante thrombopoietique dans la lesion vasculaire locale . Ann Ant Pathol 1932;9:113-121. 3. Stout AP, Lattes R: Tumors of the Soft Tissues . Atlas of Tumor Pathology, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, 1967, Section 2, pt 1, p 146. 4. Salyer WR, Salyer DC: Intravascular angiomatosis: Development and distinction from angiosarcoma . Cancer 1975;36:995-1001.Crossref 5. Clearkin KP, Enzinger FM: Intravascular papillary endothelial hyperplasia . Arch Pathol Lab Med 1976;100:441-444. 6. Kuo T, Sayers CP, Rosal J: Masson's 'vegetant intravascular hemangioendothelioma': A lesion often mistaken for angiosarcoma: Study of 17 cases located in the skin and soft tissue . Cancer 1967;38:1227-1236.Crossref 7. Kauffman SL, Stout AP: Malignant hemangioendothelioma in infants and children . Cancer 1961;14:1186-1196.Crossref 8. Cozzutto C, Guarino M, Dodero P, et al: Intravascular endothelial proliferations in children . Am J Clin Pathol 1979;71:247-252. 9. Wolter JR, Lewis RG: Endovascular hemangioendothelioma of the eyelid . Am J Ophthalmol 1974;78:727-729. 10. Dhermy P, Offret H, Saraux H: Localisation palpebrale de l'hemangiome vegetant intravasculair . J Fr Ophthalmol 1978;1:361-364. 11. Pajtas J: Hemangioendothelioma intravasculaire sarcomatosum des linken Augenlides und der linken Gesichtshalfte . Bratislav Lek Listy 1940;20:224-228. 12. Weber FL, Babel J: Intravascular papillary endothelial hyperplasia of the orbit . Br J Ophthalmol 1981;65:18-22.Crossref 13. Daicker B, Raffa H: Endovasale Hamangiome der Vena angularis . Ophthalmologica 1972;165:472-481.Crossref 14. Zimmerman LE, Font RL, Tso MOM, et al: Application of electron microscopy to histopathologic diagnosis . Trans Am Acad Ophthalmol Otolaryngol 1972;76:101-107. 15. Corio RL, Brannon RB, Tarpley TM: Intravascular papillary endothelial hyperplasia of the head and neck . Ear Nose Throat J 1982;61:88-91. 16. Kuo T, Gómez LG: Papillary endothelial proliferation in cystic lymphangiomas: A lymphatic vessel counterpart of Masson's vegetant intravascular hemangioendothelioma . Arch Pathol Lab Med 1979;103:306-308. 17. Rosai J, Sumner HW, Major MC, et al: Angiosarcoma of the skin: A clinicopathologic and fine structural study . Hum Pathol 1976;7:83-109.Crossref 18. Cooper PH, McAllister HA, Helwig EB: Intravenous pyogenic granuloma: A study of 18 cases . Am J Surg Pathol 1979;3:221-228.Crossref 19. Patchefsky AS, Enzinger FM: Intravascular faciitis: A report of 17 cases . Am J Surg Pathol 1981;5:29-36.Crossref 20. Rosai J, Akerman LR: Intravenous atypical vascular proliferation: A cutaneous lesion simulating a malignant blood vessel tumor . Arch Dermatol 1974;109:714-718.Crossref 21. Dabska M: Malignant endovascular papillary angioendothelioma of the skin in childhood: A clinicopathologic study of six cases . Cancer 1969;24:503-510.Crossref 22. Kreutner A Jr, Smith RM, Trefrey FA: Intravascular papillary endothelial hyperplasia: Light and electron microscopic observations of a case . Cancer 1978;42:2304-2310.Crossref 23. Enzinger FM, Weiss SW: Soft Tissue Tumors , ed 1. St Louis, CV Mosby Co, 1983, pp 414-421.

Barr, Charles C.;Norton, Edward W. D.

1983 Archives of Ophthalmology

doi: 10.1001/archopht.1983.01040020739015pmid: 6639429

Abstract • A 40-year-old man had a small choroidal melanoma in his left eye. The tumor was seemingly erradicated by xenon arc photocoagulation; however, eight years later the tumor recurred along the inferior edge of the chorioretinal scar, and the eye was enucleated. Histopathologic examination of the lesion revealed a spindle B-cell melanoma. References 1. Meyer-Schwickerath G: The preservation of vision by treatment of intraocular tumors with light coagulation . Arch Ophthalmol 1961;66:458-466.Crossref 2. Vogel MH: Treatment of malignant choroidal melanomas with photocoagulation: Evaluation of ten-year follow-up data . Am J Ophthalmol 1972;74:1-11. 3. François J: Malignant melanomata of the choroid: Montgomery Memorial Lecture, 1961 . Br J Ophthalmol 1963;47:736-743.Crossref 4. François J, Hanssens M: Récidive d'un mélanome malin de la choroïde aprés photocoagulation. Examen histo-pathologique . Bull Soc Belge Ophtalmol 1961;128:292-300. 5. François J, Hanssens M, de Laey JJ: Recurrence of malignant melanoma of the choroid seven and eight years after lightcoagulation . Ophthalmologica 1971;162:188-192.Crossref 6. Meyer-Schwickerath G, Vogel MH: Malignant melanoma of the choroid treated with photocoagulation: A ten-year follow-up . Mod Probl Ophthalmol 1974;12:544-549. 7. Meyer-Schwickerath G, Vogel M: Treatment of malignant melanomas of the choroid by photocoagulation . Trans Ophthalmol Soc UK 1977; 94:416-420. 8. McLean IW, Foster WD, Zimmerman LE: Prognostic factors in small malignant melanomas of choroid and ciliary body . Arch Ophthalmol 1977;95:48-58.Crossref 9. Barr CC, Sipperley JO, Nicholson DH: Small melanomas of the choroid . Arch Ophthalmol 1978;96:1580-1582.Crossref 10. Thomas JV, Green WR, Maumenee AE: Small choroidal melanomas: A long-term followup study . Arch Ophthalmol 1979;97:861-864.Crossref 11. Gass JDM: Observation of suspected choroidal and ciliary body melanomas for evidence of growth prior to enucleation . Ophthalmology 1980;87:523-528.Crossref 12. Curtin VT, Norton EWD: Pathological changes in malignant melanomas after photocoagulation . Arch Ophthalmol 1963;70:150-157.Crossref 13. Lund OE: Changes in choroidal tumors after light coagulation (and diathermy coagulation): A histologic investigation of 43 cases . Arch Ophthalmol 1966;75:458-466.Crossref 14. Hepler RS, Allen RA, Straatsma BR: Photocoagulation of choroidal melanoma: Early and late histopathologic consequences . Arch Ophthalmol 1968;79:177-181.Crossref 15. Vogel MH: Histopathologic observations of photocoagulated malignant melanomas of the choroid . Am J Ophthalmol 1972;74:466-474. 16. Minckler D, Thompson FB: Photocoagulation of malignant melanoma . Arch Ophthalmol 1979;97:120-123.Crossref

Blakemore, William S.;Ehrenberg, Martin;Fritz, Karl J.;Variajokis, Daina

1983 Archives of Ophthalmology

doi: 10.1001/archopht.1983.01040020743016pmid: 6639430

Abstract • A case of unilateral proptosis secondary to Burkitt's lymphoma occurred in the ethmoidal sinuses. Involvement of the skull and paranasal sinuses by Burkitt's lymphoma may masquerade initially as an infectious process delaying diagnosis and treatment. The tumor's rapid growth and dramatic response to therapy with the potential for long-term remission and cure emphasize the need for prompt diagnosis and treatment. References 1. Burkitt D, O'Connor G: Malignant lymphoma in African children: I. A clinical syndrome . Cancer 1961;14:258-269.Crossref 2. Levine P, Cho B, Connelly R, et al: The American Burkitt's lymphoma registry: A progress report . Ann Intern Med 1975;83:31-36.Crossref 3. Marigo C, Miller H, Davies J: Survey of cancer in children admitted to a Brazilian charity hospital . JNCI 1969;43:1231-1240. 4. Doll R, Payne P, Waterhouse J: Cancer Incidence in Five Continents . New York, Springer-Verlag, 1966, pp 436-441. 5. Ten Seldam R, Cooke R, Atkinson L: Childhood lymphoma in the territories of Papua and New Guinea . Cancer 1966;19:437-446.Crossref 6. Hoogstraten J: Observations on Burkitt's tumor in central and northern Canada . Int J Cancer 1967;2:566-575.Crossref 7. Zech L, Haglund U, Nilsson K, et al: Characteristic chromosomal abnormalities in biopsies and lymphoid cell lines from patients with Burkitt and non-Burkitt lymphomas . Int J Cancer 1976;17:47-56.Crossref 8. Kaiser-McCaw B, Epstein A, Kaplan H, et al: Chromosome 14 translocation in African and North American Burkitt's lymphoma . Int J Cancer 1977;19:482-486.Crossref 9. Klein G: Studies on the Epstein-Barr virus genome and the EBV-determined nuclear antigen in human malignant disease . Cold Springs Harbor Symposium Quarterly Biol 1975;39:783-791.Crossref 10. Nkrumah F, Henle W, Henle G, et al: Burkitt's lymphoma: Its clinical course in relation to immunologic reactivites to Epstein-Barr virus and tumor related antigens . JNCI 1976; 57:1051-1056. 11. Epstein M, Achong B, Barr Y: Virus particles in cultured lymphoblasts from Burkitt's lymphoma . Cancer 1964;1:702-703. 12. Burkitt D: Etiology of Burkitt's lymphoma: An alternative hypothesis to vectoral virus . JNCI 1964;42:435-436. 13. O'Connor G: Persistent immunologic stimulation as a factor in oncogenesis, with special reference to Burkitt's tumor . Am J Med 1970; 48:279-285.Crossref 14. Iverson O, Iverson U, Ziegler J, et al: Cell kinetics in Burkitt lymphoma . Eur J Cancer 1974;10:155-163.Crossref 15. Karp L, Zimmerman L, Payne T: Intraocular involvement in Burkitt's lymphoma . Arch Ophthalmol 1971;85:295-298.Crossref 16. Feman S, Niwayama G, Helper R, et al: "Burkitt tumor" with intraocular involvement . Surv Ophthalmol 1969;14:106-111. 17. Ziegler J: Management of Burkitt's lymphoma: An update . Cancer Treat Rev 1979;6:95-105.Crossref 18. Magrath I, Lee Y, Anderson T, et al: Prognostic factors in Burkitt's lymphoma: Importance of total tumor burden . Cancer 1980;45:1507-1515.Crossref 19. Olweny C, Atine I, Kaddu-Makasa A, et al: Treatment of Burkitt's lymphoma: A randomized clinical trial of single-agent versus combination chemotherapy . Int J Cancer 1976;17:436-440.Crossref 20. Nkrumah F, Perkins I, Biggar R: Combination chemotherapy in abdominal Burkitt's lymphoma . Cancer 1977;40:1410-1416.Crossref 21. Ziegler J: Chemotherapy of Burkitt's lymphoma . Cancer 1976;30:1534-1540.Crossref 22. Ziegler J, Bluming A, Magrath I, et al: Intensive chemotherapy in patients with generalized Burkitt's lymphoma . Int J Cancer 1972; 10:254-261.Crossref 23. Ziegler J: Treatment results of 54 American patients with Burkitt's lymphoma are similar to African experience . N Engl J Med 1977; 297:75-80.Crossref 24. David J, Burkitt D: Burkitt's lymphoma: Remissions following seemingly nonspecific therapy . Br Med J 1968;4:288-291.Crossref 25. Ziegler J: Spontaneous remission in Burkitt's lymphoma . Natl Cancer Inst Monogr 1976; 44:61-65.

Brownstein, Seymour;Mahoney-Kinsner, Jean;Harris, Ross

1983 Archives of Ophthalmology

doi: 10.1001/archopht.1983.01040020747017pmid: 6639431

Abstract • A 54-year-old man with severe thermal burns had Candida corneal ulcers and Candida septicemia develop, and he died 39 days after admission to the hospital. At autopsy examination, fungi were noted in the cornea to extend across the intact Descemet's membrane and were also found within foci of retinitis and choroiditis. Also, hemorrhages (some of which had pale centers) were present in both retinas. Histopathologic examination of these hemorrhages disclosed that the pale centers were comprised of a disrupted small blood vessel surrounded by an acellular material that most likely represented fibrin-platelet aggregates. References 1. Jones DB: Fungal keratitis , in Duane TD (ed): Clinical Ophthalmology , vol 4. Hagerstown, Md, Harper & Row Publishers Inc, 1977, pp 1-13. 2. Robertson DM, Riley FC, Hermans PE: Endogenous Candida oculomycosis . Arch Ophthalmol 1974;91:33-38.Crossref 3. Altman LC, Furukawa CT, Klebanoff SJ: Depressed mononuclear leukocyte chemotaxis in thermally injured patients . J Immunol 1977; 119:199-205. 4. Edwards JE, Foos RY, Montgomerie JZ, et al: Ocular manifestations of Candida septicemia: Review of 76 cases of hematogenous Candida endophthalmitis . Medicine 1974;53:47-75.Crossref 5. Naumann G, Green WR, Zimmerman LE: Mycotic keratitis . Am J Ophthalmol 1967;64:668-682. 6. Searl SS, Udell IJ, Sadun A, et al: Aspergillus keratitis with intraocular invasion . Ophthalmology 1981;88:1244-1250.Crossref 7. Forster RK, Rebell G: Animal model of Fusarium solani keratitis . Am J Ophthalmol 1975;79:510-515. 8. Griffin JR, Pettit TH, Fishman LS, et al: Blood-borne Candida endophthalmitis . Arch Ophthalmol 1973;89:450-456.Crossref 9. Pugh D, Cawson RA: The cytochemical localization of phospholipase in Candida albicans infecting the chick chorio-allantoic membrane . Sabouraudia 1977;15:29-35.Crossref 10. Price MF, Cawson RA: Phospholipase activity in Candida albicans . Sabouraudia 1977; 15:179-185.Crossref 11. Silverberg HH: Roth's spots . Mount Sinai J Med NY 1970;37:77-79. 12. Van Uitert RL, Solomon GE: White-centered retinal hemorrhages: A sign of intracranial hemorrhage . Neurology 1979;29:236-239.Crossref 13. Meyers SM: The incidence of fundus lesions in septicemia . Am J Ophthalmol 1979;88:661-667. 14. Duane TD, Osher RH, Green WR: Whitecentered hemorrhages: Their significance . Ophthalmology 1980;87:66-69.Crossref 15. Dienst EC, Gartner S: Pathologic changes in the eye associated with subacute bacterial endocarditis . Arch Ophthalmol 1944;31:198-206.Crossref 16. Van Buren JM: Septic retinitis due to Candida albicans . Arch Pathol Lab Med 1958;65:137-146. 17. Kennedy JE, Wise GN: Clinicopathological correlation of retinal lesions . Arch Ophthalmol 1965;74:658-662.Crossref 18. Allen RA, Straatsma BR: Ocular involvement in leukemia and allied disorders . Arch Ophthalmol 1961;66:490-508.Crossref 19. Hogan MJ, Zimmerman LE: Ophthalmic Pathology . Philadelphia, WB Saunders Co, 1962, p 486. 20. Phelps CD: The association of pale-centered retinal hemorrhages with intracranial bleeding in infancy . Am J Ophthalmol 1971; 72:348-350. 21. Wong VG, Bodey GP: Hemorrhagic retinoschisis due to aplastic anemia . Arch Ophthalmol 1968;80:433-435.Crossref 22. Von Barsewisch B: Perinatal Retinal Hemorrhages . New York, Springer-Verlag Inc, 1979, pp 47-52.

Gorovoy, Mark S.;Stern, George A.;Hood, C. Ian;Allen, Clark

1983 Archives of Ophthalmology

doi: 10.1001/archopht.1983.01040020751018pmid: 6357163

Abstract • Progressive branching, needlelike stromal opacities were observed within a corneal transplant. Analysis of the corneal button by light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy disclosed a localized epithelial ingrowth into the stroma at a suture tract accompanied by intrastromal pockets of gram-positive cocci extending across the cornea. No inflammatory reaction was found in the areas of bacterial colonization. To our knowledge, noninflammatory bacterial colonization of the stroma of a corneal transplant has not been previously described. References 1. Tuberville AW, Wood TO: Corneal ulcers in corneal transplants . Curr Eye Res 1981;1:479-485.Crossref 2. Johannessed JV: Use of paraffin material for electron microscopy . Pathol Annu 1977; 12:189-224. 3. Jensen P, Minckler DS, Chandler JW: Epithelial ingrowth . Arch Ophthalmol 1977;95:837-842.Crossref 4. Zavala EY, Binder PS: The pathologic findings of epithelial ingrowth . Arch Ophthalmol 1980;98:2007-2014.Crossref 5. Iwamoto T, Srinivason BD, Devoe AG: Electron microscopy of epithelial downgrowth . Ann Ophthalmol 1977;9:1095-1110. 6. Sitchevska O, Payne BF: Pearl cysts of the iris . Am J Ophthalmol 1951;34:833-840. 7. Farmer SG, Kalina RE: Epithelial implantation cyst of the iris . Ophthalmology 1981; 88:1286-1289.Crossref 8. Eiferman RA, Rodrigues MM: Squamous epithelial implantation cyst of the iris . Ophthalmology 1981;88:1281-1285.Crossref 9. Boruchoff SA, Kenyon KR, Foulks GN, et al: Epithelial cyst of the iris following penetrating keratoplasty . Br J Ophthalmol 1980;64:440-445.Crossref 10. Bennett T, D'Amico RA: Epithelial inclusion cyst of the iris after keratoplasty . Am J Ophthalmol 1974;77:87-89. 11. Sugar A, Meyer RF, Hood CI: Epithelial downgrowth following penetrating keratoplasty in the aphake . Arch Ophthalmol 1977;95:464-467.Crossref 12. Ferry AP, Gordon BL: Epithelialization of the anterior chamber: A complication of prosthokeratoplasty . Arch Ophthalmol 1974;91:281-284.Crossref 13. Reed JW, Dohlman CH: Corneal cysts: A report of eight cases . Arch Ophthalmol 1971;86:648-652.Crossref 14. Bloomfield SE, Jakobiec FA, Iwamoto T: Traumatic intrastromal corneal cyst . Ophthalmology 1980;87:951-955.Crossref 15. Polack F: Corneal Transplantation . New York, Grune & Stratton, 1977, p 131. 16. Escapini H, Olson RJ, Kaufman HE: Donor cornea contamination with McCarey-Kaufman medium preservation . Am J Ophthalmol 1979;88:59-62. 17. Stenson S, Newman R, Freyne P, et al: Contamination in McCarey-Kaufman stored keratoplasty donor material . Ophthalmic Surg 1980;11:395-397. 18. Keates RH, Mishler KE, Riedinger D: Bacterial contamination of donor eyes . Am J Ophthalmol 1977;84:617-619. 19. Khodadoust AA, Franklin RM: Transfer of bacterial infection by donor cornea in penetrating keratoplasty . Am J Ophthalmol 1979;87:130-132. 20. LeFrancois M, Baum JL: Flavobacterium endophthalmitis following keratoplasty . Arch Ophthalmol 1976;94:1907-1909.Crossref 21. Shaw EL, Aquavella JV: Pneumococcal endophthalmitis following grafting of corneal tissue from a (cadaver) kidney donor . Ann Ophthalmol 1977;9:435-440. 22. Beyt BE, Waltman SR: Cryptococcal endophthalmitis after corneal transplantation . N Engl J Med 1978;298:825-826.Crossref

Zeimer, Ran C.;Blair, Norman P.;Cunha-Vaz, Jose G.

1983 Archives of Ophthalmology

doi: 10.1001/archopht.1983.01040020755019pmid: 6639432

Abstract • In vitro and in vivo tests of a new commercial fluorophotometer showed that the instrument is capable of measuring fluorescein concentrations of 1 to 1,000 ng/mL accurately. The in vivo estimate of the spread functions of the lens and chorioretinal peaks yielded values of about 1% and 0.5% 3 and 6 mm, respectively, from the peak. Pigmentation did not influence the chorioretinal spread function. Reproducibility in vivo was evaluated to be 12%. Furthermore, when compared with other existing fluorophotometers, the new instrument performed superiorly. References 1. Cunha-Vaz JG, Maurice DM: The active transport of fluorescein by the retinal vessels and the retina . J Physiol 1967;191:467-486. 2. Cunha-Vaz JG, Abreu JR, Campos AJ, et al: Early breakdown of the blood-retinal barrier in diabetes . Br J Ophthalmol 1975;59:649-656.Crossref 3. Waltman SR, Oestrich C, Krupin T, et al: Quantitative vitreous fluorophotometry: A sensitive technique for measuring early breakdown of the blood-retinal barrier in young diabetic patients . Diabetes 1978;27:85-87.Crossref 4. Klein R, Ernest JT, Engerman RL: Fluorophotometry . Arch Ophthalmol 1980;98:2231-2232.Crossref 5. Prager TC, Wilson DJ, Avery GD, et al: Vitreous fluorophotometry: Identification of sources of variability . Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1981;21:854-863. 6. Zeimer RC, Cunha-Vaz JG, Johnson ME: Studies on the technique of vitreous fluorophotometry . Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1982;22:668-674. 7. Zeimer RC, Cuhna-Vaz JG: Evaluation and comparison of commercial vitreous fluorophotometers . Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1981;21:865-869. 8. Dixon WJ, Masson FJ Jr: Introduction to Statistical Analysis , ed 3. New York, McGraw Hill Book Co, 1969, p 141. 9. Bursell S-E, Delori FC, Yoshida A: Instrument characterization for vitreous fluorophotometry . Curr Eye Res 1982;1:711-716.Crossref 10. Quentel G, Coscas G: Le fluorophotometre de Creteil, in Coscas G (ed): Proceedings of the International Symposium of Ocular Fluorophotometry, Paris, April 16-18, 1982, in press.

Zeimer, Ran C.;Blair, Norman P.;Cunha-Vaz, Jose G.

1983 Archives of Ophthalmology

doi: 10.1001/archopht.1983.01040020759020pmid: 6639433

Abstract • Several methods of data analysis permit improved evaluation of the blood-retinal barrier (BRB) by vitreous fluorophotometry. With the use of an algorithm for artifact correction, tested in vivo in situations in which large artifacts are expected, artifacts were reduced to less than the equivalent of 1 ng/mL in normal eyes 3 mm from the chorioretinal and lens peaks. A procedure developed to evaluate the lens transmittance was found to have a 12% reproducibility. In addition, the anterior and posterior sources of leakage could be separated by choosing the appropriate time of measurement after injection of the dye. Moreover, a procedure to estimate quantitatively the inward permeability of the BRB yielded a preliminary estimate of 7.2 × 10-8 cm/snornor-subjects. References 1. Zeimer RC, Cunha-Vaz JG, Johnson ME: Studies on the technique of vitreous fluorophotometry . Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1982;22:668-674. 2. Coren S, Girgus JS: Density of human lens pigmentation: In vivo measures over an extended age range . Vision Res 1972;12:343-346.Crossref 3. Said FS, Weale RA: The variation with age of the spectral transmissivity of the living human crystalline lens . Gerontologia 1959;3:213-231.Crossref 4. Jacobs R, Krohn DL: Fluorescence intensity profile of human lens sections . Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1981;21:117-120. 5. Noth JM, Zeimer RC: Correlation of lens scatter, fluorescence and transmissivity . Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1982;22 ( (suppl) ):14. 6. Neame KD, Richards TG: Elementary Kinetics of Membrane Carrier Transport . New York, John Wiley & Sons Inc, 1972, pp 8 and 27. 7. Blair NP, Zeimer RC, Rusin MM, et al: Outward transport of fluorescein from the vitreous in normal human subjects . Arch Ophthalmol 1983;101:1117-1121.Crossref 8. Nagataki S: Aqueous humor dynamics of human eyes as studied using fluorescein . Jpn J Ophthalmol 1975;19:235-249. 9. Li W, Rockey JH: Fluorescein binding to normal human serum proteins demonstrated by equilibrium dialysis . Arch Ophthalmol 1982;100:484-487.Crossref 10. Brubaker RF, Penniston JT, Grotte DA, et al: Measurement of fluorescein binding in human plasma using fluorescence polarization . Arch Ophthalmol :1982;100:625-630.Crossref 11. Araie M, Sawa M, Nagataki S, et al: Aqueous humor dynamics in man as studied by oral fluorescein . Jpn J Ophthalmol 1980;24:346-362. 12. Palestine AG, Brubaker RF: Pharmacokinetics of fluorescein in the vitreous . Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1981;21:542-549. 13. Dixon WJ, Masson FJ Jr: Introduction to Statistical Analysis , ed 3. New York, McGraw-Hill Book Co, 1969, p 141. 14. Cunha-Vaz JG, Maurice DM: The active transport of fluorescein by the retinal vessels and the retina . J Physiol :1967;191:467-486. 15. Rapoport SI: Blood-Brain Barrier in Physiology and Medicine . New York, Raven Press, 1976, p 96.

Santos-Anderson, Rebecca M.;Tso, Mark O. M.;Vainisi, Samuel J.

1983 Archives of Ophthalmology

doi: 10.1001/archopht.1983.01040020764021pmid: 6639434

Abstract • Electron microscopic study of an inherited retinal degeneration in Guinea baboons disclosed primary pathologic alterations in photoreceptor cells. These changes were first seen in the perifoveal region. Cell death occurred in two forms: hydropic degeneration and densification and/or necrosis. The hydropic type was mainly associated with cone cells, whereas densification and/or necrosis was largely seen in rod cells. Lamellar bodies and granular membrane-bound inclusions were noted in the inner segments and soma. Mitochondria were vacuolated and formed membranous whorls. Bundles of filaments were arranged in parallel array in the soma synaptic endings. Clusters of tubules were present in the synaptic terminals. Preliminary biochemical studies on these animals have yielded no clues to the pathogenesis of the retinopathy. References 1. Vainisi SJ, Beck BB, Apple DJ: Retinal degeneration in a baboon . Am J Ophthalmol 1974; 78:279-284. 2. Vainisi SJ, Fishman GA, Wolf ED, et al: Cone-rod dystrophy in the Guinea baboon . Trans Am Acad Ophthalmol Otolaryngol 1976;81:725-730. 3. Tso MOM, Santos-Anderson RM, Vainisi SJ: Heredofamilial retinal dystrophy in Guinea baboons: I. A histopathologic study . Arch Ophthalmol 1983;101:1597-1603.Crossref 4. Rosenthal AR, Kolb H, Bergsma D, et al: Chloroquine retinopathy in the rhesus monkey . Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1978;17:1158-1175. 5. Feeney-Burns L, Malinow MR, Klein ML, et al: Maculopathy in cynomolgus monkeys: A correlated fluorescein angiographic and ultrastructural study . Arch Ophthalmol 1981;99:664-672.Crossref 6. Olney JW: Glutamate-induced retinal degeneration in neonatal mice: Electron microscopy of the acutely evolving lesion . J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 1969;28:455-474.Crossref 7. Messner KH, Maisels MJ, Leure-DuPree AE: Phototoxicity to the newborn primate retina . Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1978;17:178-182. 8. Santos-Anderson RM, Tso MOM, Fishman GA: A histologic study of retinitis pigmentosa . Ophthalmic Pediatr Genet 1982;1:131-168.Crossref 9. Santos-Anderson RM, Tso MOM, Valdes JJ, et al: Retinal pathology in chronic lead-poisoning . Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1981;20 ( (suppl) ):80. 10. Fine BS, Geeraets WJ: Observations on early pathologic effects of photic injury to the rabbit retina . Ophthalmologica 1965;43:684-691.Crossref 11. Kuwabara T, Gorn R: Retinal damage by visible light: An electron microscopic study . Arch Ophthalmol 1968;79:69-78.Crossref 12. Grignolo A, Orzalesi N, Castellazzo R, et al: Retinal damage by visible light in albino rats . Ophthalmologica 1969;157:43-59.Crossref 13. Tso MOM: Photic maculopathy in rhesus monkey . Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1973;12: 17-34. 14. Wallow IHL, Fine BS, Tso MOM: Morphologic changes in photoreceptor outer segments following photic injury . Ophthalmol Res 1973; 5:10-20.Crossref 15. Sykes SM, Robison WG Jr, Waxier M, et al: Damage to the monkey retina by broad-spectrum fluorescent light . Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1981; 20:425-434. 16. Kroll AJ, Machemer R: Experimental retinal detachment and reattachment in the rhesus monkey: Electron microscopic comparison of rods and cones . Am J Ophthalmol 1969;68:58-77. 17. Dowling JE, Gibbons IR: The fine structure of the pigment epithelium in the albino rat . J Cell Biol 1962;14:459-474.Crossref 18. Carter-Dawson L, Kuwabara T, O'Brien PJ, et al: Structural and biochemical changes in vitamin A-deficient rat retinas . Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1979;18:437-446. 19. Dowling JE, Sidman RL: Inherited retinal dystrophy in the rat . J Cell Biol 1962;14:73-109.Crossref 20. Aquirre GD, Rubin LF: Pathology of hemeralopia in the Alaskan malamute dog . Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1974;13:231-235. 21. Wisniewski H, Terry RD, Hirano A: Neurofibrillary pathology . J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 1970;26:163-176.Crossref

Shinowara, Nancy L.;Grimes, Patricia A.;Rapoport, Stanley I.;Laties, Alan M.

1983 Archives of Ophthalmology

doi: 10.1001/archopht.1983.01040020773022pmid: 6416237

Abstract • The permeability of the blood-retinal barrier to infusion of fluorescent tracers was examined in tissue sections of frozen eyes from conscious rats that had breathed either air (control) or 25% carbon dioxide in air for one hour. For all animals the blood-retinal barrier remained impermeable to either carboxyfluorescein or Evans blue, indicating a functionally intact tight junctional barrier during hypercapnia. However, in hypercapnic animals, fluorescein penetrated into the neural retina, mainly via the pigment epithelium. Fluorescein also passed through the pigment epithelium in rats with metabolic acidosis induced by intravenous infusion of ammonium chloride, which lowered arterial blood pH without raising the Paco2 or BP. The results indicate an increased permeability of fluorescein through the cell membranes of the pigment epithelium during respiratory and metabolic acidosis. The effect on fluorescein may be due to a pH-dependent increase in the plasma concentration of the associated, more lipid-soluble form of this weak acid. References 1. Rapoport SI, Fredericks WR, Laties AM: Reversible opening of the retinal pigment epithelium by hypercapnia . Exp Eye Res 1980;30:129-141.Crossref 2. Freedman FB, Johnson JA: Equilibrium and kinetic propeties of the Evans blue-albumin system . Am J Physiol 1969;216:675-681. 3. Felgenhauer K: Protein size and cerebrospinal fluid composition . Klin Wochenschr 1974; 52:1158-1164.Crossref 4. Olsson Y, Reese TS: Permeability of vasa nervorum and perineurium in mouse sciatic nerve studied by fluorescence and electron microscopy . J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 1971; 30:105-119.Crossref 5. Rapoport SI, Hori M, Klatzo I: Testing of a hypothesis for osmotic opening of the blood-brain barrier . Am J Physiol 1972;223:323-331. 6. Weinstein JN, Yoshikami S, Kenart P, et al: Liposome-cell interaction: Transfer and intracellular release of a trapped fluorescent marker . Science 1977;195:489-492.Crossref 7. Grimes PA, Stone RA, Laties AM, et al: Carboxyfluorescein: A probe of the blood-ocular barriers with lower membrane permeability than fluorescein . Arch Ophthalmol 1982;100:635-639.Crossref 8. Rockey JH, Li W: Binding of fluorescein and carboxyfluorescein by normal and glycosylated human serum proteins , abstracted. Invest Ophthal Vis Sci 1982;22( (suppl) ):173. 9. Robin ED, Whaley RD, Crump CH, et al: Acid-base relations between spinal fluid and arterial blood with special reference to control of ventilation . J Appl Physiol 1958;13:385-392. 10. Shinowara NL, Grimes PA, Rapoport SI, et al: Acidosis and penetration of fluorescein and other tracers through the rat retinal pigment epithelium , abstracted. Soc Neurosci Abstr 1982;8:850. 11. Grayson MC, Laties AM: Ocular localization of sodium fluorescein: Effects of administration in rabbit and monkey . Arch Ophthalmol 1982;85:600-609.Crossref 12. Dimsdale JA, Botting JH: Mechanism for the stimulation of breathing produced by ammonium chloride . Nature 1966;212:711-713.Crossref 13. Lindquist L: A flash photolysis study of fluorescein . Arkh Kemi 1960;16:79-138. 14. Maurice DM: The use of fluorescein in ophthalmological research . Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1967;6:464-477. 15. Wessing A, von Noorden GK: Fluorescein Angiography of the Retina . St Louis, CV Mosby Co, 1969. 16. Rapoport SI: Blood-Brain Barrier in Physiology and Medicine . New York, Raven Press, 1976. 17. Rapoport SI, Ohno K, Pettigrew KD: Drug entry into the brain . Brain Res 1979;172:354-359.Crossref 18. Cunha-Vaz JG, Maurice DM: The active transport of fluorescein by the retinal vessels and the retina . J Physiol 1967;191:467-486.

Petroutsos, Georges;Guimaraes, Ricardo;Giraud, Jacques;Pouliquen, Yves

1983 Archives of Ophthalmology

doi: 10.1001/archopht.1983.01040020777023pmid: 6639435

Abstract • The healing of a de-epithelialized cornea was measured by serial standardized photography after treatment with different antibiotics. Histological studies were also performed. Low doses of bacitracin (500 units/mL), gentamicin sulfate (3 mg/mL), neomycin (3.5 mg/mL), and chloramphenicol (4 mg/mL) did not retard normal epithelial healing. However, higher doses of bacitracin (10,000 units/mL), gentamicin sulfate (10 mg/mL), and neomycin (8 mg/mL) significantly inhibited reepithelialization. References 1. Gasset AR, Dolhman CH: The tensile strength of corneal wounds . Arch Ophthalmol 1968;79:595-602.Crossref 2. Dolhman CH: The function of the corneal epithelium in health and disease . Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1971;10:383-407. 3. Grayson M: Disease of the Cornea . St Louis, CV Mosby Co, 1979, pp 53 and 489. 4. Wilson LA: Bacterial corneal ulcers , in Fraunfelder FT, Roy FH (eds): Current Ocular Therapy . Philadelphia, WB Saunders Co, 1980, pp 374-475. 5. Baum JL, Jones DB: Initial therapy of suspected microbial corneal ulcers . Surv Ophthalmol 1979;24:97-116.Crossref 6. Moses R, Parkinson G, Schuchardt R: A standard large wound of the corneal epithelium in the rabbit . Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1979;18:103-106. 7. Khodadoust AA, Silverstein AM, Kenyon KR, et al: Adhesion of regenerating corneal epithelium: The role of basement membrane . Am J Ophthalmol 1968;65:339-348. 8. Thompson P, Desbordes JP, Giraud JP, et al: The effect of an eye derived growth factor (EDGF) on corneal epithelial regeneration . Exp Eye Res 1982;34:191-192.Crossref 9. Marr WG, Wood R, Strock M: Effect of some agents on regeneration of corneal epithelium . Am J Ophthalmol 1951;34:609-612. 10. Jones DB: Strategy for the initial management of suspected microbial keratitis , in Symposium on Medical and Surgical Diseases of the Cornea . St Louis, CV Mosby Co, 1980, pp 108,110, and 111. 11. Maurice D, Mishima S: Pharmacokinetics of the eye, in Sears M (ed): Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology. Munich, West Germany, Springer-Verlag, in press. 12. Keller N, Moore D, Carper D, et al: Increased corneal permeability induced by the dual effect of transient tear film acidification and exposure to benzalkonium chloride . Exp Eye Res 1980;30:203-206.Crossref 13. Marr WB, Wood R, Grieves M: Further studies on the effect of agents on regeneration of corneal epithelium . Am J Ophthalmol 1954;37:544-548. 14. Epstein S: Dermal contact dermatitis from neomycin . Ann Allergy 1958;16:268-280. 15. Kruyswijk MRJ, van Driel LMJ, Polak BCP, et al: Contact allergy following administration of eyedrops and eye ointments . Doc Ophthalmol 1979;48:251-253.Crossref 16. Bras JF, Coyle-Gilchrist MM: Gentamicin in conjunctivitis and keratitis . Br J Ophthalmol 1968;52:560-561.Crossref 17. Wilson FM: Adverse external ocular effects of topical ophthalmic medications . Surv Ophthalmol 1979;24:57-88.Crossref 18. Burstein NL, Klyce SD: Electrophysiologic and morphologic effects of ophthalmic preparations on rabbit cornea epithelium . Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1977;16:899-911. 19. Mitsui NL, Takashima R, Fujimoto M, et al: Deposits of mucosubstances on the cornea by topical chloramphenicol: An electron microscopic study . Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1976;15:211-213. 20. Davis SD, Chandler JM: Experimental keratitis due to Pseudomonas aeruginosa: Model for evaluation of antimicrobial drugs . Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1975;8:350-355.Crossref 21. Davis SD, Sarff LD, Hyndiuk RA: Antibiotic therapy of experimental Pseudomonas keratitis in guinea pigs . Arch Ophthalmol 1977;95:1638-1643.Crossref

Koziol, Jeffrey E.;Peyman, Gholam A.;Yasuda, Hirotsuga

1983 Archives of Ophthalmology

doi: 10.1001/archopht.1983.01040020781024pmid: 6639436

Abstract • A new gas permeable contact lens is produced using a solid silicone core and a plasma polymer surface. This surface is hydrophilic and impermeable to macromolecules. The surface characteristics of this lens were compared with the surface characteristics of available silicone contact lenses. We found that in contrast to our lens, the silicone contact lenses lost their hydrophilic surface with time. In addition, they are permeable to lipid dyes, eg, Sudan red. References 1. Robb D: Gas permeability in polymeric materials , in Bemintz AC Jr (ed): Biomaterials . Seattle, University of Washington Press, 1971, p 313. 2. Lippman JI; Gas permeable contact lenses: An overview . Contact Intraocular Lens Med J 1981;7:15-25. 3. Ruben M: Review: Contact lens in practice . Ann Ophthalmol 1981;13:390-401. 4. Yasuda H: Plasma for modification of polymers . J Macromol Sci Chem 1976;3:383-420.Crossref 5. Yasuda H, Shorma AK, Yasuda T: Effect of orientation and mobility of polymer molecule at surfaces on contact angle and its hysteresis . J Polymer Sci: Polymer Phy Ed 1981;19:1205-1291.

Boisjoly, Helene M.;Park, No-Hee;Pavan-Langston, Deborah;De Clercq, Erik

1983 Archives of Ophthalmology

doi: 10.1001/archopht.1983.01040020784025pmid: 6314952

Abstract • Acyclovir is a potent and selective antiviral agent. Unfortunately, drug-resistant (acyclovir-resistant) mutants have already been reported in herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) orofacial infections. We have developed a laboratory acyclovir-resistant HSV-1 mutant. The natural course of acyclovir-resistant HSV-1 keratitis was found to be less virulent than that observed in wild type HSV-1 keratitis, but the rate of ganglionic latency was as high as that induced by the parental strain. In vitro studies and in vivo observation of rabbit corneas infected with acyclovir-resistant HSV-1 both demonstrated a significant sensitivity to vidarabine and bromovinyldeoxyuridine ([E]-5-[2-bromovinyl]-2'-deoxyuridine). The thymidine kinase activity of the acyclovir-resistant mutant was 69% of that of the wild type HSV-1. References 1. Fyfe AJ, Keller PM, Furman PA, et al: Thymidine kinase from herpes simplex virus phosphorylates the new antiviral compound, 9-(2-hydroxyethoxymethyl)guanine . J Biol Chem 1978;253:8721-8727. 2. Miller WH, Miller RH: Phosphorylation of acyclovir (acycloguanosine) monophosphate by GMP kinase . J Biol Chem 1980;255:7204-7207. 3. Elion GB, Furman PA, Fyfe JA, et al: Selectivity of action of an antiherpetic agent, 9-(2-hydroxyethoxymethyl)guanine . Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1977;74:5716-5720.Crossref 4. Furman PA, St Clair MH, Fyfe JA, et al: Inhibition of herpes simplex virus-induced DNA polymerase activity and viral DNA replication by 9-(2-hydroxyethoxymethyl)guanine and its triphosphate . J Virol 1979;32:72-77. 5. Collum LMT, Benedict-Smith A, Hillary IB: Randomized double-blind trial of acyclovir and idoxuridine in dendritic corneal ulceration . Br J Ophthalmol 1980;64:766-769.Crossref 6. Pavan-Langston D, Lass J, Hettinger M, et al: Acyclovir and vidarabine in the treatment of ulcerative herpes simplex keratitis . Am J Ophthalmol 1981;92:829-835. 7. Wilhelmus KR, Coster DJ, Jones BR: Acyclovir and debridement in the treatment of ulcerative herpetic keratitis . Am J Ophthalmol 1981; 91:323-327. 8. Park NH, Pavan-Langston D, McLean SL: Acyclovir topical therapy of cutaneous herpes simplex virus infection in guinea pigs . Arch Dermatol 1979;15:775-779. 9. Park NH, Pavan-Langston D, McLean SL: Acyclovir topical therapy of cutaneous herpes simplex virus infection in guinea pigs . Arch Dermatol 1980;116:672-675.Crossref 10. Park NH, Pavan-Langston D, McLean SL: Acyclovir in oral and ganglionic herpes simplex virus infections . J Infect Dis 1979;140:802-806.Crossref 11. Pavan-Langston D, Park NH, Hettinger M: Ganglionic herpes simplex and systemic acyclovir . Arch Ophthalmol 1981;99:1417-1419.Crossref 12. Field HJ: The clinical implications of acyclovir resistant mutants of herpes simplex virus , in Sundmacher R (ed): Herpetische Augenerkrankungen . Munich, JF Bergmann Verlag, 1981, pp 359-362. 13. Crumpacker CS, Schnipper LE, Marlowe ST, et al: Resistance to antiviral drugs of herpes simplex isolated from a patient treated with acyclovir . N Engl J Med 1982;306:343-346.Crossref 14. Sibrack CD, Gutman LT, Wilfert CM, et al: Altered pathogenicity of acyclovir resistant HSV from an immune deficient child , abstracted. Pediatr Res 1981;15:621.Crossref 15. Burns WH, Saral R, Santos GW, et al: Isolation and characterization of resistant herpes simplex virus after acyclovir therapy . Lancet 1982;1:421-423.Crossref 16. Klein RJ, DeStefano E, Brady E et al: Experimental skin infection with acyclovir resistant herpes simples virus mutant: Response to antiviral treatment and protection against reinfection . Arch Virol 1980;65:237-246.Crossref 17. Field H, McMillan A, Darby G: The sensitivity of acyclovir resistant mutants of herpes simplex virus to other antiviral drugs . J Infect Dis 1981;143:281-284.Crossref 18. De Clercq E, Descamps J, De Somer P, et al: (E)-5-(2-bromovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine: A potent and selective anti-herpes agent . Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1979;76:2947-2951.Crossref 19. Rapp F: Variants of herpes simples virus: Isolation, characterization and factors influencing plaque formation . J Bacteriol 1963;86:985-991. 20. Jamieson AT, Gentry GA, Subak-Sharpe JH: Induction of both thymidine and deoxycytidine kinase activity by herpes virus . J Gen Virol 1974;24:465-480.Crossref 21. Swimcow TDV: The T Tests: Percentages and Paired Alternatives: Statistics at Square One . London, British Medical Association, 1977. 22. Tenser RB, Dustan ME: Herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase expression in infection of the trigeminal ganglion . Virology 1979;99:417-422.Crossref 23. Yamamoto H, Walz MA, Notkins AL: Viral specific thymidine kinase in sensory ganglia of mice infected with herpes simplex virus . Virology 1977;76:866-869.Crossref 24. De Clercq E, Descamps J, Verhelst G, et al: Comparative efficacy of antiherpes drugs against different strains of herpes simplex virus . J Infect Dis 1980;141:563-574.Crossref 25. Descamps J, De Clercq E: Specific phosphorylation of E-5-(2-iodovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine by herpes simplex virus-infected cells . J Biol Biochem 1981;256:5973-5976. 26. DeClercq E, Descamps J: On the mechanism of anti-herpes action of E-5-(2-bromovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine , in Sundmacher R (ed): Herpetische Augenerkrankungen . Munich, JF Bergmann Verlag, 1981, pp 329-338. 27. Darby G, Field HJ, Salisbury SA: Altered substrate specificity of herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase confers acyclovir-resistance . Nature 1981;289:81-83.Crossref 28. Schnipper LE, Crumpacker CS: Resistance of herpes simplex virus to acycloguanosine: Role of viral thymidine kinase and DNA polymerase . Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1980;77:2270-2273.Crossref 29. Coen DM, Schaffer PA: Two distinct loci confer resistance to acycloguanosine in herpes simplex virus type 1 . Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1980;77:2265-2269.Crossref

Neubauer, Lorenz;Laing, Ronald A.;Leibowitz, Howard M.;Oak, Setsuko S.

1983 Archives of Ophthalmology

doi: 10.1001/archopht.1983.01040020789026pmid: 6357164

Abstract • After thawing, cryopreserved rabbit corneas were stained with trypan blue and cellular damage was evaluated with the specular microscope using indirect illumination. Thereafter, the cornea was maintained at 35 °C, and specular microscopy, performed from the endothelial side, was used to observe the same area of endothelium for several hours. Dead endothelial cells interfered with specular reflection and appeared as dark areas devoid of cellular definition. Viable cells, presumably damaged by freeze-thaw injury, began to effect repair within one hour after thawing and coalesced to form a single larger cell. Our photographic evidence suggests that coalescence of injured corneal endothelial cells represents an important step in the early repair process, resulting in a reduction of the total number of cells but enabling damaged cells to survive. References 1. Capella JA, Kaufman HE, Robbins JE: Preservation of viable corneal tissue . Arch Ophthalmol 1965;74:669-673.Crossref 2. Polack FM: Cryopreservation of corneas for penetrating keratoplasty . Am J Ophthalmol 1971;71:906-908. 3. Van Horn DL, Schultz RO: Endothelial survival in cryopreserved human corneas: A scanning electron microscope study . Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1974;13:7-16. 4. Geroski DH, Edelhauser HF: Metabolic evaluation of cryopreserved corneal tissue . Arch Ophthalmol 1974;91:130-133.Crossref 5. McCarey BE, Edelhauser HF, van Horn DL: The effect of cryopreservation and cryodamage on corneal rehydration and endothelial structure . Cryobiology 1973;10:298-307.Crossref 6. Taylor MJ, Hunt CJ, Sherrard ES: Assessment of corneal endothelial integrity by specular microscopy after cryopreservation , in Proceedings of the Sixth European Society of Ophthalmology . New York, Academic Press Inc, 1981, pp 437-444. 7. Ruusuvaara P: Effects of corneal preservation, donor age, cadaver time and postoperative period on the graft endothelium . Acta Ophthalmol 1979;57:868-881.Crossref 8. Ruusuvaara P: The fate of preserved and transplanted human corneal endothelium . Acta Ophthalmol 1980;58:440-453.Crossref 9. Sperling S: Cryopreservation of human cadaver corneas regenerated at 31 °C in a modified tissue culture medium . Acta Ophthalmol 1981; 59:134-141.Crossref 10. Capella JA: Techniques of corneal cryopreservation , in Capella JA, Edelhauser HF, van Horn DL (eds): Corneal Preservation . Springfield, Ill, Charles C Thomas Publisher, 1973, pp 308-317. 11. Capella JA, Kaufman HE, Robbins JE: Preservation of viable corneal tissue . Cryobiology 1965;2:116-121.Crossref 12. Chi HH, Kelman CD: Effects of freezing on ocular tissues: I. Clinical and histological study of corneal endothelium . Am J Ophthalmol 1966;61:630-641. 13. Doughman DJ, van Horn DL, Rodman WD, et al: Human corneal endothelial layer repair during organ culture . Arch Ophthalmol 1976; 94:1791-1796.Crossref 14. Fujikawa LS, Wickham MG, Binder PS: Wound healing in cultured corneal endothelial cells . Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1980;19:793-801. 15. Laflamme MY: Valeur comparee de deux techniques de conservation corneenne par greffes de cornee chez le lapin . Can J Ophthalmol 1977; 12:128-132. 16. Mueller FO: Short-term experiments on grafting fresh and frozen corneal tissue in dogs . Br J Ophthalmol 1968;52:752-762.Crossref 17. Sanchez J, Polack FM: Effect of topical steroids on the healing of corneal endothelium . Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1974;13:17-22. 18. Silverstein AM, Khodadoust AA, Prendergast RA: Desquamation of corneal endothelial cells . Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1982;22:351-358. 19. Treffers WF: Human corneal endothelial wound repair . Ophthalmology 1982;89:605-613.Crossref 20. Rao GN, Stevens RE, Mandelberg AI, et al: Morphologic variations in graft endothelium . Arch Ophthalmol 1980;98:1403-1406.Crossref 21. Faure JP, Vanerkooy J, Kruuv J: Formation of giant cells in the corneal endothelium during its regeneration after destruction by freezing . Exp Eye Res 1971;12:6-12.Crossref 22. Basta L, Bourne WM, Blodi FC: Effect of various stages of cryopreservation on the viability of corneal endothelium . Ophthalmic Res 1975;7:133-139.Crossref 23. Mueller FO, O'Neil P, Trevor-Roper PD: Full-thickness corneal grafts in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia . Br J Ophthalmol 1967;51:227-245.Crossref

Zeimer, Ran C.;Wilensky, Jacob T.;Gieser, David K.;Mori, Marek M.;Baker, James P.

1983 Archives of Ophthalmology

doi: 10.1001/archopht.1983.01040020793027pmid: 6639437

Abstract • It has been repeatedly stated that home monitoring of the intraocular pressure of glaucomatous patients could be of clinical significance. However, home tonometry has not been implemented due to the lack of an appropriate instrument. We present herein an upgraded version of a home tonometer that can be used by the patient alone. When it was tested on 37 eyes of 22 glaucomatous patients, the reproducibility was 1.7 mm Hg at IOPs of 20 mm Hg. The IOP was also measured with a Goldmann applanation tonometer. The two measurements were well correlated (r =.89) and the accuracy of the home tonometer, namely the variation of the data from the regression curve, was 2.5 mm Hg. This accuracy is compared with that of conventional tonometers. Moreover, the study showed that the home tonometer yielded reliable results in the hands of a substantial portion of the potential population. References 1. Leydhecker W: The intraocular pressure: Clinical aspects . Ann Ophthalmol 1976;8:389-401. 2. Newell FW, Krill AE: Diurnal tonography in normal and glaucomatous eyes . Trans Am Ophthalmol Soc 1964;62:349-374. 3. Alpar JJ: The use of tonometry in the diagnosis and treatment of glaucoma . Glaucoma 1983;5:130-132. 4. Drance SM: Diurnal variation of intraocular pressure in treated glaucoma: Significance in patients with chronic simple glaucoma . Arch Ophthalmol 1963;70:302-311.Crossref 5. Merritt JC, Reid LA, Smith R, et al: Diurnal intraocular pressure in juvenile open-angle glaucoma . Ann Ophthalmol 1979;11:253-260. 6. Starrels ME: The measurement of intraocular pressure . Int Ophthalmol Clin 1978;19:9-20.Crossref 7. Takeda Y, Azuma I: Diurnal variations in outflow facility . Ann Ophthalmol 1978;10:1575-1580. 8. Phelps CD, Woolson RF, Kolker AE, et al: Diurnal variation in intraocular pressure . Am J Ophthalmol 1974;77:367-377. 9. Kitazawa Y, Horie T: Diurnal variation of intraocular pressure in primary open-angle glaucoma . Am J Ophthalmol 1975;79:557-566. 10. Henkind P, Leitman M, Weitzman E: The diurnal curve in man: New observations . Invest Ophthalmol 1973;12:705-707. 11. Ericson LE: Twenty-four hourly variations in the inflow of the aqueous humor . Acta Ophthalmol 1958;36:381-385.Crossref 12. Duke Elder S: The phasic variations in the ocular tension in primary glaucoma . Am J Ophthalmol 1952;35:1-21. 13. Armaly MF: The visual field defect and ocular pressure level in open-angle glaucoma . Invest Ophthalmol 1969;8:105-124. 14. Hyams SW, Bergman D, Keroub C: The effect of hospitalization on intraocular pressure . Am J Ophthalmol 1982;94:519-521. 15. Jensen AD, Maumenee AE: Home tonometry . Am J Ophthalmol 1973;76:929-932. 16. Posner A: Home use of the applanometer as an aid in the management of glaucoma . Eye Ear Throat Month 1965;44:64-66. 17. Zeimer RC, Wilensky JT: An instrument for self-measurement of intraocular pressure . IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 1982;29:178-183.Crossref 18. Grolman B: A new tonometer system . Am J Optom Arch Am Acad Optom 1972;49:646-660.Crossref 19. Dixon WJ, Masson FJ Jr: Introduction to Statistical Analysis , ed 3. New York, McGrawHill Book Co, 1969, p 141. 20. Jessen K, Luebbig H, Weigelin E: Clinical and statistical aspects on standardization of tonometers . Albrecht Von Graefes Arch Klin Exp Ophthalmol 1979;209:269-278.Crossref

1983 Archives of Ophthalmology

doi: 10.1001/archopht.1983.01040020800028

This article is only available in the PDF format. Download the PDF to view the article, as well as its associated figures and tables.

1983 Archives of Ophthalmology

doi: 10.1001/archopht.1983.01040020800029

This article is only available in the PDF format. Download the PDF to view the article, as well as its associated figures and tables. Abstract Symposium. —The Retinal Vascular Center of the Wilmer Institute will hold a symposium on the macula on Jan 13, 1984 at the Turner Building, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions. For further information, contact Diane Heydinger, Office of Continuing Education, Turner 22, 720 Rutland Ave, Baltimore, MD 21205. Seminar. —The Congress of the International Oculoplastic Society and the International Facial Surgery Seminar will be held Feb 18-25, 1984, at the Rose Hall Inn, Montego Bay, Jamaica. For further information, contact J. Weschner, c/o Dr P. Guibor, 630 Park Ave, New York, NY 10021. Appeal for Books. —A new eye hospital is being built in Colombo, Sri Lanka, through the generous efforts of Dr and Mrs Hudson Silva and their friends. The library in the new hospital is in need of books on ophthalmology and related medical fields. Any donation would be greatly appreciated. Please mail them to Dr Hudson Silva,

1983 Archives of Ophthalmology

doi: 10.1001/archopht.1983.01040020826030

This article is only available in the PDF format. Download the PDF to view the article, as well as its associated figures and tables.