1980 Archives of Ophthalmology
doi: 10.1001/archopht.1980.01020040754001
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Uretsky, Stephen H.;Kennerdell, John S.;Gutai, James P.
1980 Archives of Ophthalmology
doi: 10.1001/archopht.1980.01020040815002pmid: 6893665
Abstract • Thirty-four patients with childhood Graves' disease were examined to determine the incidence and severity of Graves' ophthalmopathy in children and adolescents. Twenty-three of the 34 patients formed a population of childhood Graves' disease unselected for ocular disease; 11 were unaffected and 12 (52.2%) had findings considered to be of mild functional importance. The remaining 11 patients were referred for evaluation because of a history of Graves' ophthalmopathy; eight (72.7%) exhibited findings of mild severity and three the more meaningful complications of ophthalmoplegia. There were no cases of dysthyroid optic neuropathy or sight-threatening corneal involvement. Both the presence of asymmetric ocular manifestations and increasing severity of disease seem to correlate with increasing age. Although ophthalmoplegia does occur infrequently, Graves' ophthalmopathy in children and adolescents seems to be a substantially more benign process than that seen in adults. References 1. Bram I: Exophthalmic goiter in children: Comments based upon 128 cases in patients of 12 and under . Arch Pediatr 54:419-424, 1937. 2. Young LA: Dysthyroid ophthalmopathy in children . J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strab 16:105-107, 1979. 3. McClintock JC, Frawley TF, Holden JHP: Hyperthyroidism in children: Observations in 50 treated cases, including an evaluation of endocrine factors . J Clin Endocrinol Metab 16:62-85, 1956.Crossref 4. McKendrick T, Newns GH: Thyrotoxicosis in children: A follow-up study . Arch Dis Child 40:71-76, 1965.Crossref 5. Hayles AB, Chaves-Carballo E: Diagnosis and treatment of exophthalmic goiter in children . Clin Pediatr 6:681-685, 1967.Crossref 6. Hayles AB, Kennedy RLJ, Beahrs OH, et al: Exophthalmic goiter in children . J Clin Endocrinol Metab 19:138-151, 1959.Crossref 7. Werner SC: Modification of the classification of the eye changes of Graves' disease . Am J Ophthalmol 83:725-727, 1977. 8. Howard CP, Hayles AB: Hyperthyroidism in childhood . Clin Endocrinol Metab 7:127-143, 1978.Crossref 9. The Eye in Childhood , Department of Ophthalmology, Toronto Hospital for Sick Children. Chicago, Year Book Medical Publishers Inc, 1967, p 333. 10. Hales IB, Rundle FF: Ocular changes in Graves' disease: A long-term follow-up study . Q J Med 29:113-126, 1960. 11. Jones DIR, Munro DS, Wilson GM: Observations on the course of exophthalmos after 131I therapy . Proc R Soc Med 62:15-18, 1969.
Doxanas, Marcos T.;Soderstrom, Carl
1980 Archives of Ophthalmology
doi: 10.1001/archopht.1980.01020040817003pmid: 7436826
Abstract • Thirty-seven cases of ocular injury incurred while persons were playing racquetball were found in reviewing records of 1,071 emergency room patients in a three-month period. These can be divided into ball-induced and racquet-induced injuries. Fifteen ball-induced injuries occurred, ranging from a corneal abrasion to vitreous hemorrhage, in a patient with sickle cell retinopathy. Twenty-two cases of racquet-induced brow lacerations that occurred when the player struck his (or her) own forehead with the racquet were found. During the same interval, five tennis-related ocular injuries were observed. Ocular safety devices are strongly recommended to help prevent racquetball injuries. References 1. Seelenfreund MH, Freilich DB: Rushing the net and retinal detachment . JAMA 234:2723-2726, 1976.Crossref 2. Vinger PF, Tolpin DW: Racquet sports: An ocular hazard . JAMA 239:2575-2577, 1978.Crossref 3. Ingram DV, Lewkonia I: Ocular hazards of playing squash racquets . Br J Ophthalmol 57:434-438, 1973.Crossref 4. Toppel L: Augenverletzungen beim squash . Klin Monatsbl Augenheilkd 175:236-239, 1979. 5. Chandran S: Ocular hazards of playing badminton . Br J Ophthalmol 58:757-760, 1974.Crossref 6. Welch RB, Goldberg MF: Sickle-cell hemaglobin and its relation to fundus abnormality . Arch Ophthalmol 75:353-362, 1966.Crossref
1980 Archives of Ophthalmology
doi: 10.1001/archopht.1980.01020040819004pmid: 7436827
Abstract • A retrospective study of fifty 5-year-old children whose eyes were patched bilaterally to treat neonatal jaundice was compared with a study of a similar group of fifty 5-year-old children who were treated in the intensive care nursery but whose eyes were not patched. No difference in the incidence of strabismus or loss of stereoacuity was established in these two groups. Despite the experimental evidence documenting changes in the visual cortex and interocular alignment in animals binocularly deprived of visual stimulation near birth, the clinical practice of binocularly patching the eyes of neonates with jaundice does not seem to increase the incidence of subsequent strabismus or loss of stereoacuity. References 1. Sisson TRC, Glauser SC, Glauser EM: Retinal changes produced by phototherapy . Pediatrics 77:221-227, 1970.Crossref 2. Dobson V, Riggs LA, Siqueland ER: Electroretinographic determination of dark adaptation functions of children exposed to phototherapy as infants . J Pediatr 85:25-29, 1974.Crossref 3. Dobson V, Cowett RM, Riggs LA: Longterm effects of phototherapy on visual function . J Pediatr 86:555-559, 1975.Crossref 4. Wiesel TN, Hubel DH: Single cell responses in striate cortex of kittens deprived of vision in one eye . J Neurophysiol 26:1003-1017, 1963. 5. Hubel DH, Wiesel TN: The period of susceptibility to the physiological effects of unilateral eye closure in kittens . J Physiol 206:419-436, 1970. 6. Barlow HB: Visual experience and cortical development . Nature 258:199-201, 1975.Crossref 7. Von Noorden GK, Maumenee AE: Clinical observations on stimulus deprivation amblyopia (amblyopia ex anopsia) . Am J Ophthalmol 65:220-225, 1968. 8. Sherman SM: Development of interocular alignment in cats . Brain Res 37:187-191, 1972.Crossref 9. Olson C, Freeman R: Development of eye alignment in cats . Nature 271:446-451, 1978.Crossref 10. Cyander M, Berman N, Hein A: Recovery of function in cat visual cortex following prolonged deprivation . Exp Brain Res 25:139-147, 1976. 11. Cyander M: Interocular alignment following visual deprivation in the cat . Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 18:726-741, 1979. 12. Simons K, Reinecke R: Amblyopia screening and stereopsis , in Symposium on Strabismus . St Louis, CV Mosby Co, 1978, pp 15-50. 13. Hoyt CS, Billson FA, Alpins N: The supranuclear disturbances of gaze in kernicterus . Ann Ophthalmol 16:1487-1492, 1978. 14. Eye Examination Findings Among Youths Aged 12-17 Years, National Health Survey, Vital and Health Statistics Series II, No. 55. US Dept of Health, Education, and Welfare, Public Health Service, 1975. 15. Kitchen WH, Rickards A, Ryan MM, et al: A longitudinal study of very low-birthweight infants: II. Results of controlled trial of intensive care and incidence of handicaps . Dev Med Child Neurol 21:582-589, 1979.Crossref 16. Ganz L, Hirsch HVB, Tieman SB: The nature of perceptual deficits in visually deprived cats . Brain Res 44:547-568, 1962.Crossref 17. Wiesel TN, Hubel DH: Comparison of the effects of unilateral and bilateral eye closure on cortical unit responses in kittens . J Neurophysiol 28:1029-1040, 1965. 18. Ganz L, Fitch M, Satterberg JA: The selective effect of visual deprivation on receptive field shape determined neurophysiologically . Exp Neurol 22:614-637, 1968.Crossref 19. Hubel DH: The visual cortex of normal and deprived monkeys . Am Sci 67:532-543, 1979. 20. Hoyt CS, Mousel DK, Weber AA: Transient supranuclear disturbances of gaze in healthy neonates . Am J Ophthalmol 89:708-713, 1980.
Zion, Victor M.;Burton, Thomas C.
1980 Archives of Ophthalmology
doi: 10.1001/archopht.1980.01020040823005pmid: 7436828
Abstract • Analysis of 196 patients with retinal dialysis indicated that unilateral nasal and superior dialyses almost invariably were produced by trauma (87.5%). A traumatic cause is proposed for unilateral inferotemporal dialyses, which also had an inordinately high rate of trauma (56%). Bilateral retinal dialyses, making up 14% of all cases, had a much lower incidence of trauma. A nongenetic, developmental anomaly at the ora serrata may account for some bilateral cases. In all types of dialyses, women acknowledged trauma less frequently than men, which probably reflects a sociologic tendency for women to deny physical abuse. Twelve percent of dialysis patients had ocular hypertension exceeding 22 mm Hg and 16% had angle recessions. Successful detachment surgery normalized the intraocular pressure in most cases without additional filtering surgery or medications. References 1. Anderson JR: Anterior dialysis of the retina: Disinsertion or avulsion at the ora serrata: Part I . Br J Ophthalmol 16:641-670, 1932.Crossref 2. Leffertstra LJ: Desinsertions at the ora serrata . Ophthalmologica 119:1-16, 1950.Crossref 3. Weve H: The origin and relationship between anterior dialysis, retinal cysts, retinal folds and retrolental fibroplasia . Trans Ophthalmol Soc Aust 13:35-46, 1954. 4. Hagler WS, North AW: Retinal dialyses and retinal detachment . Arch Ophthalmol 79:376-388, 1968.Crossref 5. Törnquist R: Bilateral retinal detachment . Acta Ophthalmol 41:126-133, 1963.Crossref 6. Edmund J: The clinical picture and prognosis of retinal detachment . Acta Ophthalmol 42:980-1013, 1964.Crossref 7. Tulloh CG: Distribution of holes and tears in primary retinal detachment . Br J Ophthalmol 49:413-431, 1965.Crossref 8. Schepens CL, Marden D: Data on the natural history of retinal detachment . Am J Ophthalmol 61:213-226, 1966. 9. Syrdalen P: Trauma and retinal detachment . Acta Ophthalmol 48:1006-1023, 1970.Crossref 10. Malbran E, Dodds R, Hulsbus R: Traumatic retinal detachment . Mod Probl Ophthalmol 10:479-489, 1972. 11. Phelps CD, Burton TC: Glaucoma and retinal detachment . Arch Ophthalmol 95:418-422, 1977.Crossref 12. Shaplund CD: Retinal detachment and its treatment by surgical methods . Br J Ophthalmol 18:1-23, 1934.Crossref 13. Gonin J: Le Décollement de la Rétine . Lausanne, Switzerland, Libraire Payot & Cie, 1934, p 75. 14. Tassman W: Retinal detachment in children . Trans Am Acad Ophthalmol Otolaryngol 71:455-459, 1967. 15. Cox MS, Schepens CL, Freeman HM: Retinal detachment due to ocular contusion . Arch Ophthalmol 76:678-685, 1966.Crossref 16. Freeman HM, Cox MS, Schepens CL: Traumatic retinal detachments . Int Ophthalmol Clin 14:151-170, 1974.Crossref 17. Hilton GF, Richards WW: Retinal detachment in American Indians . Am J Ophthalmol 70:981-983, 1970. 18. Edmund H: Juvenile retinal detachment in Denmark . Mod Probl Ophthalmol 8:294-310, 1969. 19. Rodriguez A: Influence of trauma in juvenile retinal dialysis , in Girard LJ (ed): Ninth Pan American Congress of Ophthalmology . Houston, Baylor College of Medicine, Medical Illustration and Audiovisual Education, 1972, pp 134-136. 20. Hudson JR: Retinal detachment in children . Trans Ophthalmol Soc UK 75:79-91, 1965. 21. Hilton GF, Norton EWD: Juvenile retinal detachment . Mod Probl Ophthalmol 8:325-341, 1969. 22. Johnston GP, Okun E, Cibis PA: Retinal detachment in children: Surgical experiences . Mod Probl Ophthalmol 8:209-220, 1969. 23. Chen YS, Dumas J: The etiology of juvenile retinal detachment . Can J Ophthalmol 17:136-140, 1972. 24. Schepens CL, Marden D: Data on the natural history of retinal detachment . Arch Ophthalmol 66:631-642, 1961.Crossref 25. Gruber E: Retinal detachment and its relationship to trauma . Am J Ophthalmol 56:911-919, 1963. 26. Scharf J, Zonis S: Juvenile retinal detachment . J Pediatr Ophthalmol 14:302-308, 1977. 27. Scott JD: Retinal dialysis . Trans Ophthalmol Soc UK 97:33-35, 1977. 28. Martin D: Battered Wives . San Francisco, Glide Publications, 1976, pp 1-24. 29. Goodman EJ: Legal solutions: Equal protection under the law , in Roy M (ed): Battered Women . New York, Van Nostrand-Reinhold Co, 1977, pp 139-151. 30. Weidenthal DT, Schepens CL: Peripheral fundus changes associated with ocular contusion . Am J Ophthalmol 62:465-477, 1966. 31. Verdaguer TJ, Rojas B, Lechuga M: Genetical studies in nontraumatic retinal dialyses . Mod Probl Ophthalmol 15:34-39, 1975. 32. Deutman AF: Genetics and retinal detachment . Mod Probl Ophthalmol 15:22-33, 1975. 33. Francois J, Verbraeken H: Hereditary detachment of the retina in emmetropes and hyperopes . Mod Probl Ophthalmol 15:6-9, 1975. 34. Levy J: Inherited retinal detachment . Br J Ophthalmol 36:626-636, 1952.Crossref 35. Burton TC, Arafat NT, Phelps CD: Intraocular pressure in retinal detachment . Int Ophthalmol 1:147-152, 1979.Crossref 36. Huerkamp B, Behme H: Die Augendrucklage, insbesondere das Glaukom bei Ablatio retinae mit orariss . Albrecht Von Graefes Arch Ophthalmol 156:433-442, 1955.Crossref 37. Schwartz A: Chronic open-angle glaucoma secondary to rhegmatogenous detachment . Am J Ophthalmol 75:205-211, 1973. 38. Davidorf FH: Retinal pigment epithelial glaucoma . Ophthalmol Dig 38:11-16, 1976. 39. Sebestyen, JG, Schepens CL, Rosenthal ML: Retinal detachment and glaucoma . Arch Ophthalmol 67:736-745, 1962.Crossref
Affeldt, John C.;Minckler, Don S.;Azen, Stanley P.;Yeh, Lin
1980 Archives of Ophthalmology
doi: 10.1001/archopht.1980.01020040827006pmid: 7436829
Abstract • Two thirds of 60 patients followed up after enucleation for uveal melanoma with extrascleral extension eventually died of metastatic disease. Large intraocular tumor size, more malignant cell types, optic nerve invasion, and surgical transection or nonencapsulation of the extraocular tumor margin were found to be significantly correlated with development of metastases. Advanced age at enucleation and large intraocular tumor size were significantly associated with early metastatic death. Recurrence of tumor in the orbit was identified in 10% of the patients and was significantly correlated with large intraocular tumor size and optic nerve invasion. Early exenteration, performed in seven cases, did not improve prognosis. Application of Bayesian methods produced a multifactorial model for prediction of metastatic disease within 13 years after enucleation. References 1. Shammas HF, Blodi FC: Orbital extension of choroidal and ciliary body melanomas . Arch Ophthalmol 95:2002-2005, 1977.Crossref 2. Starr HJ, Zimmerman LE: Extrascleral extension and orbital recurrence of malignant melanomas of the choroid and ciliary body . Int Ophthalmol Clin 2:369-385, 1962.Crossref 3. Jensen OA: Malignant melanomas of the human uvea: Recent follow-up of cases in Denmark, 1943-1952 . Acta Ophthalmol 48:1113-1128, 1970.Crossref 4. Rendahl I: Does exenteration orbitae improve the prognosis in orbital tumour? Acta Ophthalmol 32:431-449, 1954.Crossref 5. Wilder HC, Paul EV: Malignant melanoma of the choroid and ciliary body: A study of 2,535 cases . Milit Surg 109:370-378, 1951. 6. Shields JA: Approaches to the management of choroidal melanoma , in Jakobiec FA (ed): Ocular and Adnexal Tumors . Birmingham, Ala, Aesculapius Publishing Co, 1978, p 8. 7. Henderson JW: Orbital Tumors . Philadelphia, WB Saunders Co, 1973, pp 335-344. 8. Zimmerman LE, McLean IW, Foster WD: Does enucleation of the eye containing a malignant melanoma prevent or accelerate the dissemination of tumour cells? Br J Ophthalmol 62:420-425, 1978.Crossref 9. Zimmerman LE, McLean IW: An evaluation of enucleation in the management of uveal melanomas . Am J Ophthalmol 87:741-769, 1979. 10. Seigel D, Myers M, Ferris F, et al: Survival rates after enucleation of eyes with malignant melanoma . Am J Ophthalmol 87:761-765, 1979. 11. Albert D: Toward resolving the ocular melanoma controversy . Arch Ophthalmol 97:451-452, 1979.Crossref 12. Afifi AA, Azen SP: Statistical Analysis: A Computer Oriented Approach , ed 2. New York, Academic Press Inc, 1979. 13. Lusted LB: Introduction to Medical Decision Making . Springfield, Ill, Charles C Thomas Publisher, 1968. 14. Byers WGM, MacMillan JA: Treatment of sarcoma of the uveal tract . Arch Ophthalmol 14:967-974, 1935.Crossref 15. Shammas HF, Blodi FC: Prognostic factors in choroidal and ciliary body melanomas . Arch Ophthalmol 95:63-69, 1977.Crossref 16. McLean IW, Foster WD, Zimmerman LE: Prognostic factors in small malignant melanoma of choroid and ciliary body . Arch Ophthalmol 95:48-58, 1977.Crossref 17. Thomas JV, Green WR, Maumenee AE: Small choroidal melanomas: A long-term followup study . Arch Ophthalmol 97:861-864, 1979.Crossref 18. Flocks M, Gerende JH, Zimmerman LE: The size and shape of malignant melanomas of the choroid and ciliary body in relation to prognosis and histologic characteristics . Trans Am Acad Ophthalmol Otolaryngol 59:740-758, 1955. 19. Callender GR, Wilder HC, Ash JE: Five hundred melanomas of the choroid and ciliary body followed five years or longer . Am J Ophthalmol 25:962-967, 1942. 20. Shammas HF, Blodi FC: Peripapillary choroidal melanomas extension along the optic nerve and its sheaths . Arch Ophthalmol 96:440-445, 1978.Crossref 21. Reese AB: Tumors of the Eye , ed 3. Hagerstown, Md, Harper & Row Publishers Inc, 1976, pp 198-242. 22. Dunphy EB, Forrest AW, Leopold IH, et al: The diagnosis and management of intraocular melanomas: A symposium . Trans Am Acad Ophthalmol Otolaryngol 62:517-555, 1958. 23. Naquin HA: Exenteration of the orbit . Arch Ophthalmol 51:850-862, 1954.Crossref
1980 Archives of Ophthalmology
doi: 10.1001/archopht.1980.01020040832007pmid: 7436830
Abstract • From the densitometric and time curves of fluorescein angiograms of matched groups of normal, ocular hypertensive, and glaucomatous eyes, the time and rate of filling of the retinal arteries and veins, optic disc, and peripapillary choroid were measured. In the whole population of eyes, with increasing age there was a decreased rate of filling of the retinal arteries, optic disc, and the peripapillary choroid. With increased diastolic blood pressure, increased time was needed to fill the peripapillary choroid. Increased ocular pressures and decreased tonographic outflow facility were particularly correlated with the decreased filling of the retinal veins and the disc. Significant differences of circulatory changes in the retinal arteries and veins were obtained between the normal, ocular hypertensive, and glaucomatous eyes. Further evaluation of these circulatory events could be clinically useful, especially in differentiating normal from ocular hypertensive eyes in relation to the effect of ocular pressure on the retinal and disc circulations. References 1. Hayreh SS, Walker WM: Fluorescent fundus photography in glaucoma . Am J Ophthalmol 63:982-989, 1967. 2. Oosterhuis JA, Gortzak-Moorstein M: Fluorescein angiography of the optic disc in glaucoma . Ophthalmologica 160:331-353, 1970.Crossref 3. Raitta C, Sarmela T: Fluorescein angiography of the optic disc and peripapillary area in chronic glaucoma . Acta Ophthalmologica 48:303-308, 1970.Crossref 4. Begg IS, Drance SM, Goldman H: Fluorescein angiography in the evaluation of focal circulation is ischaemia of the optic nerve head in relation to the arcuate scotoma in glaucoma . Can J Ophthalmol 7:68-74, 1972. 5. Schwartz B, Rieser JC, Fishbein SL: Fluorescein angiographic defects of the optic disc in glaucoma . Arch Ophthalmol 95:1961-1974, 1977.Crossref 6. Rosen ES, Boyd TAS: A new method of assessing choroidal ischemia in open-angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension . Am J Ophthalmol 70:912-921, 1970. 7. Blumenthal M, Gitter KA, Best M, et al: Fluorescein angiography during induced ocular hypertension in man . Am J Ophthalmol 69:39-43, 1970. 8. Spaeth GL: Pathogenesis of visual loss in patients with glaucoma . Trans Am Acad Ophthalmol Otolaryngol 75:296-317, 1971. 9. Best M, Blumenthal M, Galin MA, et al: Fluorescein angiography during induced ocular hypertension in glaucoma . Br J Ophthalmol 56:6-12, 1972.Crossref 10. Archer DB, Ernest JT, Krill AE: Retinal, choroidal and papillary circulations under conditions of induced ocular hypertension . Am J Ophthalmol 73:834-845, 1972. 11. Van Heuven WAJ, Malik AB, Schaffer CA, et al: Retinal blood flow derived from dye dilution curves: Televised fluorescein angiography . Arch Ophthalmol 95:297-301, 1977.Crossref 12. Fonda S, Bagolini B: Relative photometric measurements of retinal circulation (dromofluorograms): A television technique . Arch Ophthalmol 95:302-307, 1977.Crossref 13. Forofonova TI, Suprun AV: Fluorescent angiography in evaluating circulation of the posterior section of the eye in symptomatic hypertension and incipient glaucoma . Vestn Oftalmol 3:31-34, 1974. 14. Schwartz B, Fishbein SL, Selles W: Densitometric analysis of blood flow of the optic nerve head in glaucoma . Proc Soc Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineer 40:3-10, 1973. 15. Schwartz B, Kern J: Scanning microdensitometry of optic disc pallor in glaucoma . Arch Ophthalmol 95:2159-2165, 1977.Crossref 16. Schwartz B: Correlation of the optic disc with asymmetrical visual field loss in glaucoma , in Proceedings of the 22nd International Congress of Ophthalmology, Paris, 1974 . Paris, Masson Publishers, 1976, vol 2, pp 633-638. 17. Drance SM: Visual field defects in glaucoma , in Symposium on Glaucoma: Transactions of the New Orleans Academy of Ophthalmology . St Louis, CV Mosby Co, 1975, p 190. 18. Siegel S: Non-parametric Statistics for the Behavioral Sciences . New York, McGraw-Hill Book Co, 1956. 19. Blumenthal M, Best M, Galin MA, et al: Peripapillary choroidal circulation in glaucoma . Arch Ophthalmol 86:31-38, 1971.Crossref 20. Blumenthal M, Best M, Galin MA, et al: Ocular circulation: Analysis of the effect of induced ocular hypertension on retinal and choroidal blood flow in man . Am J Ophthalmol 71:819-825, 1971. 21. Best M, Toyofuku H: Ocular hemodynamics during induced ocular hypertension in man . Am J Ophthalmol 74:932-939, 1972. 22. Hyvarinen L, Maumenee AE, George T, et al: Fluorescein angiography of the choriocapillaris . Am J Ophthalmol 67:653-666, 1969. 23. Archer D, Krill AE, Newell FW: Fluorescein studies of normal choroidal circulation . Am J Ophthalmol 69:543-554, 1970. 24. Oosterhuis JA, Boen-Tan TN: Choroidal fluorescence in the normal human eye . Ophthalmologica 162:246-260, 1971.Crossref 25. Evans PY, Shimizu K, Limaye S, et al: Fluorescein cineangiography of the optic nerve head . Trans Am Acad Ophthalmol Otolaryngol 77:260-273, 1973. 26. Begg IS, Goldman H: The development of a technique for the densitometric analysis of fluorescein angiograms . Can J Ophthalmol 7:63-67, 1972. 27. Hayreh SS: Blood supply of the optic nerve head and its role in optic atrophy, glaucoma, and oedema of the optic disc . Br J Ophthalmol 53:721-748, 1969.Crossref 28. Forofonova TI, Balishinskaya TI, Babich PA, et al: On procedures employed in densitometric scanning of fluorescein angiograms . Vestn Oftalmol 5:66-68, 1974. 29. Spaeth GL: The Pathogenesis of Nerve Damage in Glaucoma: Contributions of Fluorescein Angiography . New York, Grune & Stratton Inc, 1977. 30. Loebl M, Schwartz B: Fluorescein angiographic defects of the optic disc in ocular hypertension . Arch Ophthalmol 95:1980-1984, 1977.Crossref 31. Alm A, Bill A: Ocular and optic nerve blood flow at normal and increased intraocular pressures in monkeys (Macaca irus): A study with radioactively labelled microspheres including flow determinations in brain and some other tissues . Exp Eye Res 15:15-29, 1973.Crossref 32. Hill DW, Griffith JD, Young S: Retinal blood flow measured by fluorescence angiography . Trans Ophthalmol Soc UK 93:325-331, 1973. 33. Hayreh SS, Revie IHS, Edwards J: Vasogenic origin of visual field defects in optic nerve changes in glaucoma . Br J Ophthalmol 54:461-472, 1970.Crossref 34. Leighton DA, Phillips CI: Systemic blood pressure in open-angle glaucoma, low tension glaucoma, and the normal eye . Br J Ophthalmol 56:447-453, 1972.Crossref 35. Hitchings RA, Spaeth GL: Chronic retinal vein occlusion in glaucoma . Br J Ophthalmol 60:694-699, 1976.Crossref
1980 Archives of Ophthalmology
doi: 10.1001/archopht.1980.01020040839008pmid: 7436831
Abstract • Uveal effusion in nanophthalmic eyes probably is the result of choroidal congestion secondary to impaired vortex venous drainage through the thick sclera that is characteristic of nanophthalmos. Ten eyes with nonrhegmatogenous retinal detachment, occurring in nanophthalmic eyes, were treated by vortex vein decompression and, in some cases, drainage of choroidal and/or subretinal fluid with air injection into the vitreous cavity. Eight of the ten eyes showed reattachment of the retina after this procedure. These results support the hypothesis that choroidal congestion is the basic mechanism of nanophthalmic uveal effusion. References 1. Schepens CL, Brockhurst RJ: Uveal effusion: I. Clinical picture . Arch Ophthalmol 70:189-201, 1963.Crossref 2. Weiter J, Brockhurst RJ, Tolentino FI: Uveal effusion following pan-retinal photocoagulation . Ann Ophthalmol 11:1723-1727, 1979. 3. Guerry D, Harbison JW, Weisinger H: Bilateral choroidal detachment and fluctuating proptosis secondary to bilateral dural arteriovenous fistulas treated with transcranial orbital decompression with resolution: Report of case . Trans Am Ophthalmol Soc 73:64-73, 1975. 4. Witmer R: Hohe hypermetopie und ablatio . Ophthalmologica 121:178-179, 1951.Crossref 5. Brockhurst RJ: Nanophthalmos with uveal effusion: A new clinical entity . Arch Ophthalmol 93:1289-1299, 1975.Crossref 6. Calhoun FP Jr: The management of glaucoma in nanophthalmos . Trans Am Ophthalmol Soc 73:97-122, 1975. 7. Brockhurst RJ: Retractor for retinal detachment surgery . Am J Ophthalmol 87:574, 1979. 8. Brockhurst RJ, Lam KW: Uveal effusion: II. Report of a case with analysis of subretinal fluid . Arch Ophthalmol 90:399-401, 1973.Crossref 9. Kimbrough RL, Trempe CL, Brockhurst RJ, et al: Angle closure glaucoma in nanophthalmos . Am J Ophthalmol 88:572-579, 1979.
Hansen, Kenneth D.;Meyer, Roger F.
1980 Archives of Ophthalmology
doi: 10.1001/archopht.1980.01020040843009pmid: 6776941
Abstract • A Pseudomonas-caused corneal ulcer developed in a 44-year-old man with severe facial and upper torso thermal burns while in the hospital burn unit. The infecting strain was resistant to most antibiotics, including gentamicin sulfate and tobramycin sulfate. Treatment with topical and parenteral amikacin sulfate resulted in rapid healing. To our knowledge, there have been no reports of the use of amikacin for corneal ulcer. The successful healing in this case suggests that the use of amikacin should be considered in the treatment of corneal ulceration when it is suspected that the pathogen is a Pseudomonas strain resistant to gentamicin and other commonly used antibiotics. References 1. Jones DB: Early diagnosis and therapy of bacterial corneal ulcers . Int Ophthalmol Clin 13:1-29, 1973.Crossref 2. Brown SI, Bloomfield SE, Tam W: The corneal destroying enzyme of Pseudomonas aeruginosa . Invest Ophthalmol 11:174-180, 1974. 3. Pramhus C, Runyan TE, Lindberg RB: Ocular flora in the severely burned patient . Arch Ophthalmol 96:1421-1424, 1978.Crossref 4. Laibson PR: Cornea and sclera . Arch Ophthalmol 88:553-574, 1972.Crossref 5. Furgiuele FP, Kiesel R, Martyn L: Pseudomonas infections of the rabbit cornea: Treated with gentamicin: A preliminary report . Am J Ophthalmol 60:818-822, 1965. 6. Snelling CFT, Ronald AR, Cates CY, et al: Resistance of Gram-negative bacilli to gentamicin . J Infect Dis 124( (suppl) ):264-270, 1971.Crossref 7. Shulman JA, Terry PM, Hough CE: Colonization with gentamicin-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa, pyocine type 5, in a burn unit . J Infect Dis 124( (suppl) ):18-23, 1971.Crossref 8. Davis SD, Sarff LD, Hyndiuk RA: Antibiotic therapy of experimental Pseudomonas keratitis in guinea pigs . Arch Ophthalmol 95:1638-1643, 1977.Crossref 9. Davis SD, Sarff LD, Hyndiuk RA: Topical tobramycin therapy of experimental Pseudomonas keratitis: An evaluation of some factors that potentially enhance efficacy . Arch Ophthalmol 96:123-125, 1978.Crossref 10. Davis SD, Sarff LD, Hyndiuk RA: Comparison of therapeutic routes in experimental Pseudomonas keratitis . Am J Ophthalmol 87:710-716, 1979. 11. Crowe CC, Sanders E: Is there complete cross-resistance of Gram-negative bacilli to gentamicin and tobramycin? Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2:415-416, 1972.Crossref 12. Brusch JL, Barza M, Bergeron MG, et al: Cross-resistance of Pseudomonas to gentamicin and tobramycin . Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1:280-281, 1972.Crossref 13. Price KE, DeFuria MD, Pursiano TA: Amikacin, an aminoglycoside with marked activity against antibiotic resistant clinical isolates . J Infect Dis 134( (suppl) ):249-261, 1976.Crossref 14. Kawaguchi H: Discovery, chemistry, and activity of amikacin . J Infect Dis 134( (suppl) ):242-248, 1976.Crossref 15. Reynolds AV, Hamilton-Miller JMT, Brumfitt W: In vitro activity of amikacin and ten other aminoglycoside antibiotics against gentamicin-resistant bacterial strains . J Infect Dis 134( (suppl) ):291-296, 1976.Crossref 16. Finland M, Garner C, Wilcox C, et al: Susceptibility of recently isolated bacteria to amikacin in vitro: Comparisons with four other aminoglycoside antibiotics . J Infect Dis 134( (suppl) ):297-307, 1976.Crossref 17. Price KE, Pursiano TA, DeFuria MD, et al: Activity of BB-K8 (amikacin) against clinical isolates resistant to one or more aminoglycoside antibiotics . Antimicrob Agents Chemother 5:143-152, 1974.Crossref 18. Nelsen 0, Peyman GA, Bennet TO: BB-K8: A new aminoglycoside for intravitreal injection in bacterial endophthalmitis . Am J Ophthalmol 78:82-89, 1864. 19. Kasbeer RT, Peyman GA, May DR, et al: Penetration of amikacin into the aphakic eye . Albrecht Von Graefes Arch Klin Exp Ophthalmol 196:85-94, 1975.Crossref 20. Eiferman RA, Stagner J, Wilkins E: Measurement of intraocular amikacin levels by radioimmunoassay , abstracted. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 18( (suppl) ):131, 1979.
Lesser, Robert L.;Geehr, Robert B.;Higgins, Don D.;Greenberg, Alvin D.
1980 Archives of Ophthalmology
doi: 10.1001/archopht.1980.01020040845010pmid: 7436832
Abstract • Four days after a 32-year-old woman was hit in the right eye with a racquetball, a paralysis of the right third nerve developed. Computerized axial tomography with metrizamide demonstrated an arachnoid cyst in the interpeduncular fossa. After the cyst was surgically decompressed, the third-nerve paralysis cleared. References 1. Walsh FB, Hoyt WF: Clinical Neuro-Ophthalmology , ed 3. Baltimore, Williams & Wilkins Co, 1969, p 252. 2. Keefe WP, Rucker CW, Kernohan JW: Pathogenesis of paralysis of the third cranial nerve . Arch Ophthalmol 63:585-592, 1960.Crossref 3. Rucker CW: Paralysis of the third, fourth and sixth cranial nerves . Am J Ophthalmol 46:787-794, 1958. 4. Kasoff I, Kelly DL Jr: Pupillary sparing in oculomotor palsy from internal carotid aneurysm . J Neurosurg 42:713-717, 1975.Crossref 5. Trobe JD, Glaser JS, Quencer RC: Isolated oculomotor paralysis: The product of saccular and fusiform aneurysms of the basilar artery . Arch Ophthalmol 96:1236-1240, 1978.Crossref 6. Weber RB, Daroff RB, Mackey EA: Pathology of oculomotor nerve palsy in diabetics . Neurology 20:835-838, 1970.Crossref 7. Asbury AK, Aldredge H, Hershberg R, et al: Oculomotor palsy in diabetes mellitus: A clinicopathological study . Brain 93:555-566, 1970.Crossref 8. Lincoff HA, Cogan DG: Unilateral headache and oculomotor paralysis not caused by aneurysm . Arch Ophthalmol 57:181-189, 1957.Crossref 9. Glaser JS: Clinical Ophthalmology . Hagerstown, Md, Harper & Row Publishers Inc, 1978, vol 2, pp 9-17. 10. Green WR, Hackett ER, Schlezinger NS: Neuro-ophthalmologic evaluation of oculomotor nerve paralysis . Arch Ophthalmol 72:154-167, 1964.Crossref 11. Eyster EF, Hoyt WF, Wilson CB: Oculomotor palsy from minor head trauma: An initial sign of basal intracranial tumor . JAMA 220:1083-1086, 1972.Crossref 12. Dyck P, Gruskin P: Supratentorial arachnoid cysts in adults . Arch Neurol 34:276-279, 1977.Crossref 13. Lindburg R, Walsh FB, Sacks JG: Neuro-Pathology of Vision: An Atlas . Philadelphia, Lea & Febiger, 1973, pp 300-301. 14. Rengachary SS, Watanabe I, Brackett CE: Pathogenesis of intracranial arachnoid cysts . Surg Neurol 9:139-144, 1978. 15. Grollmus JM, Wilson CB, Newton TH: Paramesencephalic arachnoid cysts . Neurology 26:128-134, 1976.Crossref 16. Robinson RG: Congenital cysts of the brain: Arachnoid malformations . Prog Neurol Surg 4:133-174, 1971. 17. Krawchenko J, Collins GH: Pathology of an arachnoid cyst . J Neurosurg 50:224-228, 1979.Crossref 18. Swaiman KF, Wright FS: Bakers Clinical-Neurology . Hagerstown, Md, Harper & Row Publishers Inc, 1977, vol 3, pp 23-24. 19. Higazi I: Post-traumatic leptomeningeal cysts of the brain . J Neurosurg 20:605-608, 1963.Crossref 20. Smith JL, Hoyt WF, Newton TH: Optic nerve sheath decompression for relief of chronic monocular choked disc . Am J Ophthalmol 68:633, 1969. 21. Anderson FM, Landing BH: Cerebral arachnoid cysts in infants . J Pediatr 69:88-96, 1966.Crossref 22. Smith RJ, Zacks DJ: CT scanning in middle fossa arachnoid malformations . Clin Radiol 29:161-169, 1978.Crossref 23. Obenchain RG, Becker DP: Head bobbing associated with a cyst of the third ventricle . J Neurosurg 37:457-459, 1972.Crossref 24. Rosenbaum AE, Drayer BP: CT cisternography with metrizamide . Acta Radiol 355( (suppl) ):323-337, 1977.
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