Archives of Ophthalmology

C., D.G.

1968 Archives of Ophthalmology

doi: 10.1001/archopht.1968.03850040233001

This article is only available in the PDF format. Download the PDF to view the article, as well as its associated figures and tables. Abstract MOST persons reading the Fountain Report (Ninth Report by the Committee on Government Operations, Washington, D.C.: US Government Printing Office, Oct 20, 1967) and the comments of its critics will be lost in a welter of pious statements to which both sides, I suspect, agree. It all depends on how one looks at it. Congressman Fountain and his Congressional Committee men give the impression that cost and administrative efficiency should be paramount, while the adversaries, probably comprising the majority of scientists, argue that the job must be done effectively at all reasonable costs. The scientists insist on a freedom to think creatively without undue sacrifice of time and effort for the fiscal mechanics that necessarily preoccupy the minds of accountants and auditors. Abundant evidence has shown that p roductive research cannot always be efficiently organized. This is the dilemma with which the National Institutes of Health (NIH) have had to

Allen, Henry F.

1968 Archives of Ophthalmology

doi: 10.1001/archopht.1968.03850040234002pmid: 4867919

This article is only available in the PDF format. Download the PDF to view the article, as well as its associated figures and tables. Abstract THE TEST of time usually eliminates useless procedures or those that prove more harmful than beneficial. For example, the ten-minute scrub in surgery—now known to reduce the antibacterial property of the skin—is giving way to the two-minute soap scrub followed by a two-minute rub with isopropyl alcohol. The requirement of showering before surgery, formerly prescribed in some British hospitals, has recently been shown to increase rather than to reduce the number of skin bacteria liberated during the next few hours after showering. The pernicious practice of pouring out a quantity of sterile solution (of which the last drop runs down the unsterile outside of the container, only to rejoin the main stream as soon as pouring is resumed) will die out as reason prevails over tradition in the minds of nursing instructors. Clipping eyelashes before eye surgery may be desirable for certain reasons, but there is no evidence—nor any

Keith, C. G.

1968 Archives of Ophthalmology

doi: 10.1001/archopht.1968.03850040236003pmid: 4170880

Abstract A clinical and pathological description is given of a case of osteopetrosis with central retinal atrophy. In the outer retinal layers the rods and cones and their nuclei were very degenerate or absent, and in the inner retinal layers there was a marked gliosis with very few ganglion cells present. The optic nerves were also very gliosed; the nerve fibers showed a nodular type of degeneration and were very reduced in numbers. There was no narrowing of the optic foramina or bone pressure to have caused the optic nerve damage. From a review of the literature on osteopetrosis it seems that some of the cases of blindness attributed to optic atrophy could have been due to retinal degeneration. The pathological findings are similar to those produced by vitamin A deficiency in experimental animals. References 1. Ellis, P.P., and Jackson, W.E.: Osteopetrosis: A Clinical Study of Optic Nerve Involvement , Amer J Ophthal 53:943-953, 1962. 2. Consul, B.N.; Kulshresthra, O.P.; and Sethi, P.K.: Osteopetrosis , Amer J Ophthal 58:686-690, 1964. 3. Hasenhuttl, K.: Osteopetrosis: Review of the Literature and Comparative Studies on a Case With a Twenty-four Year Follow-Up , J Bone Joint Surg 44A:359-370, 1962. 4. Turano, A.F.; Fagan, K.A.; and Corbo, P.A.: Variations in Clinical Manifestations of Osteopetrosis: Report of Two Cases , J Pediat 44:688-694, 1954.Crossref 5. Dent, C.E.; Smellie, J.M.; and Watson, L.: Studies in Osteopetrosis , Arch Dis Child 40:7-15, 1965.Crossref 6. Enell, H., and Pehrson, M.: Studies on Osteopetrosis: I. Clinical Report of 3 Cases With Genetic Considerations , Acta Paediat 47:279-287, 1958.Crossref 7. Sjölins, S.: Studies on Osteopetrosis: II. Investigations Concerning the Nature of the Anaemia , Acta Paediat 48:529-544, 1959.Crossref 8. Engfeldt, B., et al: Studies on Osteopetrosis: III. Roentgenological and Pathologic-Anatomical Investigation on Some of the Bone Changes , Acta Paediat 49:391-408, 1960.Crossref 9. Serpell, G.: Polysaccharide Granules in Association With Developing Retinal Vessels, and Retrolental Fibroplasia , Brit J Ophthal 38:460-471, 1954.Crossref 10. Ashton, N.: Pathological Basis of Retrolental Fibroplasia , Brit J Ophthal 38:385-396, 1954.Crossref 11. Ashton, N.: Oxygen and the Growth and Development of Retinal Vessels , Amer J Ophthal 62:412-435, 1966. 12. Wislocki, G.B., and Sidman, R.L.: The Chemical Morphology of the Retina , J Comp Neurol 101:53-99, 1954.Crossref 13. Sidman, R.L., and Wislocki, G.B.: Histochemical Observations of Rods and Cones in Retinas of Vertebrates , J Histochem Cytochem 2:413-433, 1954.Crossref 14. Waardenburg, P.J.; Franceschetti, A.; and Klein, D.: Genetics and Ophthalmology , Oxford: B. H. Blackwell, Ltd., 1961, vol 1, p 337. 15. Harley, R.D., et al: Idiopathic Hypercalcemia of Infancy: Optic Atrophy and Other Ocular Changes , Trans Amer Acad Ophthal Otolaryng 69:977-992, 1965. 16. Wilson, J.: Skeletal Manifestations in Leber's Hereditary Optic Atrophy: A Possible Disorder of Cyanide Metabolism , Ann Phys Med 8:91-95, 1965. 17. Sorsby, A.: Congenital Coloboma of the Macula Together With an Account of the Familial Occurrence of Bilateral Macular Coloboma in Association With Apical Dystrophy of the Hands and Feet , Brit J Ophthal 19:65-90, 1935.Crossref 18. Dymshits, L.A., et al: Ocular Lesions in Osteopetrosis (Albers-Schönberg Disease) , Vestn Ofal 2:52-55, 1962. 19. Tansley, K.: Factors Affecting the Development and Regeneration of Visual Purple in the Mammalian Retina , Proc Roy Soc 114:79-103, 1934.Crossref 20. Johnson, M.L.: The Effect of Vitamin A Deficiency Upon the Retina of the Rat , J Exp Zool 81:67-89, 1939.Crossref 21. Dowling, J.E.: Nutritional and Inherited Blindness in the Rat , Exp Eye Res 3:348-356, 1964.Crossref 22. Scott, P.P.; Greaves, J.P.; and Scott, M.G.: Nutritional Blindness in the Cat , Exp Eye Res 3:357-364, 1964.Crossref 23. Rodger, F.C.: The Ocular Effects of Vitamin A Deficiency in Man in the Tropics , Exp Eye Res 3:367-372, 1964.Crossref 24. Moore, T.: Systemic Action of Vitamin A , Exp Eye Res 3:305-315, 1964.Crossref

Harris, Laurence S.

1968 Archives of Ophthalmology

doi: 10.1001/archopht.1968.03850040244004pmid: 5640848

Abstract Cycloplegics may cause elevations of intraocular pressure in certain eyes in the absence of angle closure of any degree. The incidence of this response is 23% in a population with proven open-angle glaucoma and 2% in an apparently normal population. Consequently, any patient having a significant intraocular pressure elevation and open angles after routine dilatation with cycloplegics should be considered an open-angle glaucoma suspect. Patients exhibiting this phenomenon respond to all of the potent cycloplegic agents and not at all to those with a minimal effect on accommodation. The mechanism of this phenomenon is discussed in relation to evidence from other investigations. References 1. Gradle, H.S., and Sugar, H.S.: Concerning the Chamber Angle , Amer J Ophthal 23:1135, 1940. 2. Sugar, H.S.: The Mechanical Factors in the Etiology of Acute Glaucoma , Amer J Ophthal 24:851, 1941. 3. Kronfeld, P.; McGarry, H.I.; and Smith, H.F.: The Effect of Mydriatics Upon the Intraocular Pressure in Primary Wide-Angle Glaucoma , Amer J Ophthal 26:245, 1943. 4. Koellner, cited by Kronfeld, P.; McGarry, H.I.; and Smith, H.F.3 5. Christensen, R.E., and Pearce, J.: Homatropine Hydrobromide , Arch Ophthal 70:376 ( (Sept) ) 1963.Crossref 6. Schimek, R., and Lieberman, W.J.: The Influence of Cyclogyl and Neosynephrine on Tonographic Studies of Miotic Control in Open-Angle Glaucoma , Amer J Ophthal 51:781, 1961. 7. Becker, B., et al: The Effect of Phenylephrine Hydrochloride on the Miotic Treated Eye , Amer J Ophthal 48:313, 1959. 8. Fortin, E.P.: Action du muscle ciliare sur la circulation de l'oeil , C R Soc Biol 102:432, 1929. 9. Armaly, M.F.: Studies on the Intraocular Effect of the Orbital Parasympathetic Pathway: I , Arch Ophthal 61:14 ( (Jan) ) 1959.Crossref 10. Armaly, M.F.: Studies on the Intraocular Effect of the Orbital Parasympathetic Pathway: II. Effect on Intraocular Pressure , Arch Ophthal 62:117 ( (July) ) 1959.Crossref 11. Armaly, M.F.: Studies on the Intraocular Effect of the Orbital Parasympathetic Pathway: III. Effect on Steady-State Dynamics , Arch Ophthal 62:817 ( (Nov) ) 1959.Crossref 12. Armaly, M.F., and Burian, H.M.: Changes in the Tonogram During Accommodation , Arch Ophthal 60:60 ( (July) ) 1958.Crossref 13. Galin, M.A.: Mydriasis Provocative Test , Arch Ophthal 66:353 ( (Sept) ) 1961.Crossref 14. Havener, W.H.: Ocular Pharmacology , St. Louis: The C. V. Mosby Co., 1966. 15. Duke-Elder, S.: System of Ophthalmology , vol 7, St. Louis: The C. V. Mosby Co., 1962.

Spalter, Harold F.

1968 Archives of Ophthalmology

doi: 10.1001/archopht.1968.03850040249005pmid: 5689148

Abstract The recent demonstration of discrete areas of fluorescein leakage in central serous retinopathy has permitted a new therapeutic approach in carefully selected cases. The fluorescein leakage site in four patients whose symptoms had persisted from 3½ to 34 months were treated with minimal intensity laser photocoagulation. Resolution of the serous detachment of the macula was obtained in each case with consequent improvement in visual acuity. Serial fundus photographs and fluorescein studies are presented. The techniques employed and the hazards of this form of therapy are discussed. It is stressed that until additional confirmation of this work is obtained this therapeutic approach is not to be recommended for general use. References 1. Novotny, H.R., and Alvis, D.L.: A Method of Photographing Fluorescence in Circulating Blood in the Human Retina , Circulation 24:82-86, 1961.Crossref 2. Dollery, D.T.; Hodge, J.V.; and Engle, M.: Studies of the Retinal Circulation With Fluorescein Brit Med J 2:1210-1215, 1962.Crossref 3. Scott, D.J., et al: Fluorescein Studies of Diabetic Retinopathy , Brit Med J 1:811-814, 1964.Crossref 4. Norton, E.W.D., et al: Fluorescein Fundus Photography: An Aid in the Differential Diagnosis of Posterior Ocular Lesions , Trans Amer Acad Ophthal Otolaryng 68:755-765, 1964. 5. Klein, B.A.: Macular Lesions of Vascular Origin: II. Functional Vascular Conditions Leading to Damage of the Macula Lutea , Amer J Ophthal 36:1-13, 1953. 6. Maumenee, A.E.: Serous and Hemorrhagic Disciform Detachment of the Macula , Trans Pacif Coast Otoophthal Soc 40:139-160, 1959. 7. Maumenee, A.E., in discussion, Gass, J.D.: Pathogenesis of Hemorrhagic Disciform Lesion of the Posterior Ocular Fundus: A Histopathological Study, read before the Wilmer Meeting, Baltimore, Md, May 26, 1964. 8. Maumenee, A.E.: Symposium: Macular Diseases: Pathogenesis Trans Amer Acad Ophthal Otolaryng 69:691-699, 1965. 9. Norton, E.W.D., et al: Symposium: Macular Diseases, Diagnosis: Fluorescein in the Study of Macular Disease , Trans Amer Acad Ophthal Otolaryng 69:631-642, 1965. 10. Straatsma, B.R.; Allen, R.A.; and Pettit, T.H.: Central Serous Retinopathy , Trans Pacif Coast Otoophthal Soc 47:107-127, 1966. 11. Gass, J.D.M.: Pathogenesis of Disciform Detachment of the Neuroepithelium: II. Idiopathic Central Serous Choroidopathy , Amer J Ophthal 63:587-615, 1967. 12. Zweng, H.C.: Laser Photocoagulation of the Peripheral Retina and Macula, read before the 20th International Congress of Ophthalmology, Munich, Germany, Aug 16, 1966. 13. Gifford, S.R., and Marquardt, G.: Central Angiospastic Retinopathy , Arch Ophthal 21:211-218, 1939.Crossref 14. Cordes F.C.: A Type of Foveo-Macular Retinitis Observed in the US Navy , Amer J Ophthal 27:803-816, 1944. 15. Walsh, F.B., and Sloan, L.L.: Idiopathic Flat Detachment of the Macula , Amer J Ophthal 19:195-208, 1936. 16. Magder, H.: Test for Central Serous Retinopathy , Amer J Ophthal 49:147-150, 1960. 17. Chilaris, G.A.: Recovery Time After Macular Illumination , Amer J Ophthal 53:311-314, 1962. 18. Maumenee, A.E.: Symposium: Macular Diseases: Clinical Manifestations , Trans Amer Acad Ophthal Otolaryng 69:605-613, 1965. 19. Hogan, M.J.: Symposium: Macular Diseases, Pathogenesis: Electron Microscopy of Bruch's Membrane , Trans Amer Acad Ophthal Otolaryng 69:683-690, 1965. 20. Spalter, H.F., et al: Prophylactic Photocoagulation of Recurrent Toxoplasmic Retinochoroiditis , Arch Ophthal 75:21-31, 1966.Crossref 21. Rose, H.W.: " Factors Determining Ocular Laser Lesions ," in Flocks, M. (ed.), Laser Photocoagulation , Boston: Little, Brown & Co., 1966, pp 253-261. 22. Kranenburg, E.W.: Crater-Like Holes in the Optic Disc and Central Serous Retinopathy , Arch Ophthal 64:132-144, 1960.Crossref 23. Fry, W.E., and Spaeth, E.B.: Subacute Circumscribed Macular Retinochoroiditis Simulating Intraocular Tumor Trans Amer Acad Ophthal Otolaryng 59:346-355, 1955. 24. Kimura, S.J.; Thygeson, P.; and Hogan, M.J.: Signs and Symptoms of Uveitis: II. Classification of the Posterior Manifestations of Uveitis Amer J Ophthal 47:171-176, 1959. 25. Irvine, S.R.: A Newly Defined Vitreous Syndrome Following Cataract Surgery , Amer J Ophthal 36:599-619, 1953. 26. Gass, J.D.M., and Norton, E.W.D.: Cystoid Macular Edema and Papilledema Following Cataract Extraction , Arch Ophthal 76:646-661, 1966.Crossref 27. Braley, A.E.: " Dystrophy of the Macula ," in Kimura, S.J., and Caygill, W.M. (eds.), Retinal Diseases , Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger, Publishers, 1966, pp 15-58.

Krill, Alex E.;Newell, Frank W.

1968 Archives of Ophthalmology

doi: 10.1001/archopht.1968.03850040256006pmid: 5640849

Abstract Fifty-nine patients with ocular conversion reactions affecting vision are discussed. This heterogeneous group of subjects was affected by a wide variety of stresses contributing to symptoms. A precipitating stress of early organic disease was initially overlooked in two patients. These patients were most often distinguished by a fluctuating visual acuity influenced by suggestion and other factors, tubular visual fields which were constant in some patients but variable in others, and an upward shift of dark-adaptation thresholds after prolonged testing, termed the exhaustion phenomenon. Color vsion and orthoptic findings were definitely helpful in a few patients. Normal results of an electroretinogram and sometimes also normal results of an electrooculogram were useful in establishing normal retinal function in most of these patients. References 1. Binder, M.D.: The Hysterical Personality , Psychiatry 29:227, 1966. 2. Forbis, O.L., and Janes, R.H.: Hysteria in Childhood , Southern Med J 58:1221, 1965. 3. Raskin, M.; Talbott, J.A.; and Meyerson, A.T.: Diagnosis of Conversion Reactions , JAMA 197:530, 1966. 4. Chadoff, P., and Lyons, H.: Hysteria, the Hysterical Personality and "Hysterical Conversion," Amer J Psychiat 114:734, 1958. 5. Lewis, W.C., and Berman, M.: Studies of Conversion Hysteria: I. Operational Study of Diagnosis , Arch Gen Psychiat 13:275, 1965. 6. Slater, E.: Diagnosis of "Hysteria," Brit Med J 1:1395, 1965. 7. Walshe, F.: Diagnosis of Hysteria , Brit Med J 2:1451, 1965. 8. Havens, L.L.: Charcot and Hysteria , J Nerv Ment Dis 141:505, 1966. 9. Hoerr, N.L., and Osol, A. (eds.): Blakiston's New Gould Medical Dictionary , ed 2, New York: McGraw-Hill Book Co., Inc., 1956. 10. Carter, A.B.: The Prognosis of Certain Hysterical Symptoms , Brit Med J 1:1076, 1949. 11. Gatfield, P.D., and Guze, S.B.: Prognosis and Differential Diagnosis of Conversion Reactions , Dis Nerv Syst 23:623, 1962. 12. Ziegler, F.J.; Imboden, J.B.; and Meyer, E.: Contemporary Conversion Reactions: A Clinical Study , Amer J Psychiat 116:901, 1960. 13. Stephans, J.H., and Kamp, M.: On Some Aspects of Hysteria: A Clinical Study , J Nerv Ment Dis 134:305, 1962. 14. Krill, A.E., and Beutler, E.: The Red Light Absolute Threshold in Heterozygote Protan Carriers: Possible Genetic Implications , Invest Ophthal 2:107, 1964. 15. Krill, A.E., and Klien, B.A.: Flecked Retina Syndrome , Arch Ophthal 74:496 ( (Oct) ) 1965. 16. Krill, A.E.: The Electroretinographic and Electrooculographic Findings in Patients With Macular Abnormalities , Trans Amer Acad Ophthal Otolaryng 70:1063, 1966. 17. Krill, A.E.: Retinal Function Studies in Hysterical Amblyopia: A Unique Abnormality of Dark Adaptation , Amer J Ophthal 63:230, 1967. 18. Michaelson, I.C.: Ocular Manifestations of Neurosis Commonly Found Among Soldiers , Brit Med J 2:538, 1943. 19. Walsh, F.B.: Clinical Neuro-Ophthalmology , ed 2, Baltimore: The Williams and Wilkins Company, 1957. 20. Lyle, D.J.: Neuro-Ophthalmology , ed 2, Springfield, III: Charles C Thomas, Publishers, 1954. 21. Wittkower, E., et al: Night Blindness: A Psycho-Physiological Study , Brit Med J 2:571, 607, 1941. 22. Parker, F.W.: Studies on Dark Adaptation in Military Personnel Complaining of "Night Blindness," Arch Ophthal 35:555 ( (May) ) 1946. 23. Livingston, P.C., and Bolton, B.: Night Visual Capacity of Psychological Cases , Lancet 1:263, 1943. 24. Rees, W.L.: Night Visual Capacity of Neurotic Soldiers , J Neuropsychiat 8:34, 1945. 25. Granger, G.W.: The Night Visual Ability of the Psychiatric Patients , Brit J Physiol Opt 11:226, 1954. 26. Gifford, E.S.: Psychogenic Ocular Symptoms , Arch Ophthal 53:318 ( (March) ) 1955.Crossref 27. Schlaegel, T.F.: Psychosomatic Ophthalmology , Baltimore: The Wiliams and Wilkins Company, 1957. 28. Traquair, H.M.: II. Discussion on Ocular Psychoneuroses: General Discussion , Trans Ophthal Soc UK 64:37, 1944. 29. Harrington, D.O.: War Time Ocular Neuroses , J Nerv Ment Dis 99:622, 1944.Crossref 30. de Schweinitz, G.E.: " Neuroses and Psychoses ," in Posey, W.C. and Spiller, W.G. (eds.): The Eye and Nervous System , Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott Company, 1906. 31. Critchley, M.: Psychiatric Symptoms and Parietal Disease: Differential Diagnosis , Proc Roy Soc Med 10:422, 1964. 32. Gogela, L.J., and Rucker, C.W.: Psychogenic Changes in the Field of Vision Associated With Tumors of the Frontal Lobe of the Brain , Amer J Ophthal 34:185, 1951. 33. Parinaud, M.: " The Ocular Manifestations of Hysteria ," in Norris, W.T. and Oliver, C.A. (eds.): System of Diseases of the Eye , Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott Company, 1900. 34. Woods, A.C., cited in Walsh, F.B.: Clinical Neuro-Ophthalmology , ed 2, Baltimore: The Williams and Wilkins Company, 1957, p 1169. 35. Weinstein, E.A., and Lyerly, O.G.: Conversion Hysteria Following Brain Injury , Arch Neurol 15:545, 1966.Crossref 36. Rouquier, A.: Narrowing of Visual Field and Amblyopia of Persons With Cranial Injuries , Presse Med 53:71, 1945. 37. Duke-Elder, S.: " Psychogenic Disorders ," in Textbook on Ophthalmology , St. Louis: The C. V. Mosby Company, vol 4, 1949, p 3702. 38. Culpin, M.: " Psychological Factors in Eye Affectations ," in Ridley, R. and Sorsby, A. (eds.): Modern Trends in Ophthalmology , New York: Paul B. Hoeber, Inc., Medical Bk. Dept. of Harper & Row, 1940. 39. Halpern, H.J.: Hysterical Amblyopia Cases , Bull US Army Med Dept 72:84, 1944. 40. Davenport, R.C.: Discussion on Ocular Psychoneuroses , Trans Ophthal Soc UK 64:57, 1944. 41. Wolff, E., and Lachman, G.S.: Hysterical Blindness in Children: Report of 2 Cases , Amer J Dis Child 55:743, 1938.Crossref 42. Abse, D.W.: Hysteria and Related Mental Disorders , Bristol, England: John Wright & Sons, Ltd., 1966. 43. Janet, P.: The Major Symptoms of Hysteria , ed 2, New York: Hafner Publishing Company, 1965. 44. Rennie, T.A.C.: Symposium: Psychosomatic Manifestations: General Aspects , Trans Amer Acad Ophthal Otol 52:78, 1947. 45. Harrington, D.O.: The Visual Fields , St. Louis: The C. V. Mosby Company, 1956. 46. Dubois-Poulsen, A.: Le Champ Visuel , Paris: Masson et Cie, 1952. 47. Eames, T.H.: A Study of Tubular and Spiral Central Fields in Hysteria , Amer J Ophthal 30:611, 1947. 48. Curran, K.E.: Ocular Hysteria: Diagnosis and Referral for Psychiatric Consultation , Postgrad Med 40:455, 1966. 49. Yasuna, E.R.: Hysterical Amblyopia in Children , Amer J Dis Child 106:558, 1963, 50. Schlaegel, T.F.: Spiral Visual Fields , Arch Ophthal 59:18 ( (Jan) ) 1958.Crossref 51. Chambers, R., and Cinotti, A.A.: Functional Disorders of Central Vision , Amer J Ophthal 59:1091, 1965. 52. Schlaegel, T.F., and Quilala, F.V.: Hysterical Amblyopia , Arch Ophthal 54:875 ( (Dec) ) 1955.Crossref 53. Granger, G.W.: Personality and Visual Perception: A Review , J Ment Sci 99:8, 1953.

Howard, Rufus O.;Klaus, Sidney N.;Savin, Ronald C.;Fenton, Robert

1968 Archives of Ophthalmology

doi: 10.1001/archopht.1968.03850040264007pmid: 5644104

Abstract A case history and description of the ocular and systemic findings in a patient with malignant atrophic papulosis of Degos is presented, and the known cases of this disease are summarized. An etiologic diagnosis could not be made. A surprisingly high incidence of eye lesions is observed in this rare disease. References 1. Köhlmeier, W.: Multiple Hautnekrosen bie Thromboangiitis obliterans , Arch Derm Syph 181:783-792, 1941.Crossref 2. Degos, R.; Delort, J.; and Tricot, R.: Dermatite papulo-squameuse atrophiante , Bull Soc Franc Derm Syph 49:148-150, 281, 1942. 3. Tzanck, A.; Civatte, A.; and Sidi, E.: Presentation de Moulage-Ulerytheme porcelaine en gouttes , Bull Soc Franc Dermat Syph 55:10-12, 1948. 4. Lausecker, H.: Beitrag zur intestinalen Form der Thromboangiitis obliterans mit Hauterscheinungen , Acta Dermatoven 29:369-387, 1949. 5. Degos, R.: Papulose Atrophiante malgine , Ann Dermat Syph 79:410-417, 1952. 6. Buchholz, A.M.: Papular Myxedema (Papular Mucinosis) , Arch Derm Syph 68:461-462, 1953. 7. Dalton, J.E., et al: Lichen Myxedematosus (Papular Mucinosis) , Arch Derm 83:230-242 ( (Feb) ) 1961.Crossref 8. Cottini, G.B., and Randazzo, S.D.: Syndrome cutaneo muscoso intestinale Contributo allo studio della papulosi attrofizzante maligna di Degos , Minerva Derm 31:1-9. 1956. 9. Montford, J.; Basset, A.; and Guilaine. R.: Papulose atrophiante maligne de Degos , Bull Soc Franc Derm Syph 63:358-360, 1956. 10. Stauffer, H., and Miescher, G.: Papulose atrophiante maligni (Degos) Thromboangiitis cutaneointestinales disseminata , Hautarzt 8:4-7, 1957. 11. Midana, A., and Zina, G.: Papulosi atrofizzante maligna di Degos a decorso benigno , Minerva Derm 32:291-296, 1957. 12. Howell, R.G.: Macular Atrophy of the Skin , Proc Roy Soc Med 50:1021, 1957. 13. Ingram, J.T., and Sutherland, T.W.: Multiple Skin Necroses (Arteriolar) , Arch Derm 75:820-825, 1957.Crossref 14. Craps, L.: Papulose Atrophiante Maligne (Degos) , Arch Belges Derm Syph 15:188-196, 1959. 15. Sidi, E., et al: Papulose atrophiante maligne , Bull Soc Franc Derm Syph 67:199-205 ( (April-May) ) 1960. 16. Mawas, J., and Sidi, E.: Premieri localisation oculaire de la papulose atrophiante maligni , Bull Soc Ophthal Franc 2:71-74 ( (Feb) ) 1961. 17. Sidi, E., et al: Lethal Cutaneous and Gastrointestinal Arteriolar Thrombosis , JAMA 174:1170-1173 ( (Oct 29) ) 1960.Crossref 18. Nomland, R., and Layton, J.M.: Malignant Papulosis With Atrophy (Degos) , Arch Derm 81:181-188, 1960.Crossref 19. Naylor, D.; Mullins, J.F.; and Gilmore, J.F.: Papulosis Atrophicans Maligna (Degos's Disease) , Arch Derm 81:189-197, 1960.Crossref 20. Woringer, F., and Weill, J.P.: Papulose atrophiante maligne de Degos, stabilisee , Bull Soc Franc Derm Syph 68:328-329, 1961. 21. Tirlea, P., and Feodorovici, S.; Papulosa atrofianta maligna Degos , Dermatovenereologia 6:321-328, 1961. 22. Gever, S.G.; Freeman, R.G.; and Knox, J.M.: Degos's Disease (Papulosis Atrophicans Maligna): Report of a Case With Degenerative Disease of the Central Nervous System , Southern Med J 55:56-60. 1962.Crossref 23. Culicchia, C.F.; Gol, A.; and Erickson, E.E.: Diffuse Central Nervous System Involvement in Papulosis Atrophicans Maligna , Neurology 12:503-509, 1962.Crossref 24. Schuermann, H., and Hornstein, O.: Papulosis Atrophicans Maligna , Der Hautarzt 13:531-535, 1962. 25. Winkelmann, R.K., et al: Malignant Papulosis of Skin and Cerebrum , Arch Derm 87:54-62, 1962.Crossref 26. Perry, H.O.; Montgomery, H.; and Stickney, J.M.: Further Observations on Lichen Myxedematosus , Ann Inter Med 53:955-969, 1960.Crossref 27. Hall-Smith, S.P.: Malignant Atrophic Papulosis (Degos's Syndrome) , Proc Roy Soc Med 57:519-521, 1964. 28. Feuerman, E.J.: Papulosis Atrophicans Maligna Degos , Arch Derm 94:440-445, 1966.Crossref 29. Strole, W.E., Jr.; Clark, W.H., Jr.; and Isselbacher, K.J.: Progressive Arterial Occlusive Disease (Köhlmeier-Degos) , New Eng J Med 276:195-201, 1967.Crossref 30. Degos, R.: Malignant Atrophic Papulosis: A Fatal Cutaneo-Intestinal Syndrome , Brit J Dermat 66:304-307, 1954.Crossref 31. Boe, J.; Dalgaard, J.; and Scott, D.: Mucocutaneous-Ocular Syndrome With Intestinal Involvement , Amer J Med 25:857-867, 1958.Crossref 32. Schotland, D.L., et al: Neurologic Aspects of Behcet's Disease , Amer J Med 34:544-553, 1963.Crossref 33. Strouth, J.C., and Dyken, M.: Encephalopathy of Behcet's Disease , Neurology 14:794-805, 1964.Crossref

Roy, Frederick H.;Summitt, Robert L.;Hiatt, Roger L.;Hughes, James G.

1968 Archives of Ophthalmology

doi: 10.1001/archopht.1968.03850040274008pmid: 4966643

Abstract Three cases of the Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome are reported with special emphasis on ocular findings, and the literature is briefly summarized. Abnormalities common to all cases of the syndrome are motor and mental retardation, broad thumbs and toes, highly arched palate, and abnormalities of the eyes. These eye abnormalities include various combinations of antimongoloid slant, epicanthus, strabismus, cataract, refractive error, highly arched brows, and long lashes. The possibility of polygenic or multifactorial inheritance is raised. References 1. Rubinstein, J.H., and Taybi, H.: Broad Thumbs and Toes and Facial Abnormalities , Amer J Dis Child 105:588-608, 1963.Crossref 2. Rubinstein, J.H.: A Syndrome of Mental Retardation With Abnormal Facial Features and Broad Thumbs and Great Toes , Proc Int Copenhagen Cong Scient Study Ment Ret 2:812-819, 1964. 3. Job, J.C.; Rossier, A.; and DeGrandprey, J.: Etudes sur les nanismes constitutionannels: II. Le syndrome de Rubinstein et Taybi , Ann Pediat 11:646-650, 1964. 4. Coffin, G.S.: Brachydactyly, Peculiar Facies and Mental Retardation , Amer J Dis Child 108:351-359, 1964. 5. Jancar, J.: Rubinstein-Taybi's Syndrome , J Ment Defic Res 9:265-270, 1965. 6. Kushnick, T.: Brachydactyly, Facial Abnormalities, and Mental Retardation , Amer J Dis Child 111:96-98, 1966.Crossref 7. Johnson, E.F.: Broad Thumbs and Broad Great Toes With Facial Abnormalities and Mental Retardation , J Pediat 68:942-951, 1966.Crossref 8. Robinson, G.C., et al: Broad Thumbs and Toes and Mental Retardation , Amer J Dis Child 111:287-290, 1966.Crossref 9. Taybi, H., and Rubinstein, J.H.: Broad Thumbs and Toes and Unusual Facial Features , Amer J Roentgen 93:362-366, 1965. 10. McKusick, V.A.: Medical Genetics 1961-1963 , New York: Pergamon Press, 1966, p 443. 11. Collins, E.T.: No. 8 Case With Symmetrical Congenital Notches in Outer Part of Each Lower Lid and Defective Development of Malar Bones: No. 9 Case With Symmetrical Congenital Notches in Outer Part of Each Lower Lid and Defective Development of Malar Bones , Trans Ophthal Soc UK 20:190-192, 1900. 12. Franceschetti, A., and Klein, D.: Mandibulofacial Dysostosis: New Hereditary Syndrome , Acta Ophthal 27:143-224, 1949. 13. Lejeune, J., et al: Trois cad de deletion partielle du bras court d'un chromosome 5 , C R Acad Sci 257:3098-3102, 1963. 14. Lejeune, J., et al: Délétion partielle du bras court du chromosome 5: Individualisation d'un nouvel état morbide , Sem Hop Paris 40:1069-1079, 1964.

Day, Robert M.;Carroll, Frank D.

1968 Archives of Ophthalmology

doi: 10.1001/archopht.1968.03850040281009pmid: 5694289

Abstract The marked beneficial effect of systemic corticosteroids on the vision of ten patients with optic nerve involvement associated with thyroid dysfunction is reported. The drugs must be administered in sufficient dosage and often for long periods of time. Therefore, the complications of corticosteroid therapy may occur, and they must be given as a calculated risk. This risk would appear to be justified when vision is threatened. References 1. Scheie, H.G., et al: Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH) and Cortisone in Ophthalmology , Arch Ophthal 45:301, 1951.Crossref 2. Woods, A.C.: The Present Status of ACTH and Cortisone in Clinical Ophthalmology , Amer J Ophthal 34:945, 1951. 3. Fitzgerald, J.R., et al: Early Clinical Results of ACTH and Cortisone Treatment of Ocular Disease , Arch Ophthal 45:320, 1951.Crossref 4. Igersheimer, J.: Visual Changes in Progressive Exophthalmos , Arch Ophthal 53:94, 1955.Crossref 5. Brown, J., et al: Adrenal Steroid Therapy of Severe Infiltrative Ophthalmopathy of Graves' Disease , Amer J Med 34:786, 1963.Crossref 6. Werner, S.C.: Prednisone in Emergency Treatment of Malignant Exophthalmos , Lancet 1:1004 ( (May 7) ) 1966.Crossref 7. Day, R.M., and Carroll, F.D.: Optic Nerve Involvement Associated With Thyroid Dysfunction , Arch Ophthal 67:289, 1962.Crossref 8. Garber, M.I.: Methylprednisolone in the Treatment of Exophthalmos , Lancet 1:958 ( (April 30) ) 1966.Crossref 9. Bjorneboe, M.; Fischel, E.E.; and Stoerk, H.C.: The Effect of Cortisone and Adrenocorticotrophic Hormone on the Concentration of Circulating Antibody , J Exp Med 93:37, 1951.Crossref 10. Werner, S.C.; Hamilton, H.; and Frantz, V.K.: Proceedings of the 2nd Clinical ACTH Conference , Philadelphia: Blakiston Company, 1951, p 521. 11. French, L.A.: The Use of Steroids in the Treatment of Cerebral Edema , Bull NY Acad Med 42:301, 1966. 12. Kroll, A.J., and Casten, V.G.: Dysthroid Exophthalmos , Arch Ophthal 76:205, 1966.Crossref 13. Long, J.C., and Ellis, G.D.: Temporal Decompression of the Orbit for Thyroid Exophthalmos , Amer J Ophthal 62:1089, 1966.

Birks, D. A.;Prior, V. J.;Silk, E.;Whittaker, M.

1968 Archives of Ophthalmology

doi: 10.1001/archopht.1968.03850040285010pmid: 5640850

Abstract A glaucomatous patient treated with echothiophate iodide subsequently became pregnant. The drug was withdrawn at 32 weeks because of unknown fetal hazards. A month before delivery a right anterior sclerotomy and peripheral irridectomy were performed under general anesthesia avoiding succinylcholine chloride, with its known aphoea risk, as muscle relaxant. The pseudocholinesterase activities of both mother and infant were assayed at intervals after delivery. The results suggest that echothiophate iodide had traversed the placental barrier and caution is indicated in its future use in such cases. References 1. Leopold, I.H.; Gold, P.; and Gold, D.: Use of a Thiophosphinyl Quaternary Compound (217-MI) in Treatment of Glaucoma , Arch Ophthal 38:363-366, 1957.Crossref 2. Leopold, I.H.; Krishna, N.; and Lehman, R.A.: The Effects of Anticholinesterase Agents on the Blood Cholinesterases Levels of Normal and Glaucoma Subjects , Trans Amer Ophthal Soc 57:63-85, 1959. 3. Humphreys, J.A., and Holmes, J.H.: Systemic Effects Produced by Echothiophate Iodide in Treatment of Glaucoma , Arch Ophthal 69:737-743, 1963.Crossref 4. de Roetth, A., Jr., et al: Effect of Phospholine Iodide on Blood Cholinesterase Levels of Normal and Glaucoma Subjects , Amer J Ophthal 59:586-591, 1965. 5. Wahl, J.W., and Tyner, G.S.: Echothiophate Iodide: The Effect of 0.0625% Solution on Blood Cholinesterase , Amer J Ophthal 60:419-425, 1965. 6. McGavin, M.M.: Depressed Levels of Serum Cholinesterase With Echothiopate-Iodide Eyedrops , Lancet 2:272-273, 1965.Crossref 7. Bourne, J.G.; Collier, H.O.J.; and Somers, G.F.: Succinyl Choline (Succinoyl Choline) Muscle-Relaxant of Short Action , Lancet 1:1225-1229, 1952.Crossref 8. Evans, F.T., et al: Sensitivity to Succinylcholine in Relation to Serum Cholinesterase , Lancet 1:1229-1230, 1952.Crossref 9. Kalow, W., and Lindsay, H.A.: A Comparison of Optical and Manometric Methods for the Assay of Human Serum Cholinesterase , Canad J Biochem Physiol 33:568-574, 1955.Crossref 10. Kalow, W., and Genest, K.: A Method for the Detection of Atypical Forms of Human Serum Cholinesterase: Determination of Dibucaine Numbers , Canad J Biochem Physiol 35:339-346, 1957.Crossref 11. Harris, H., and Whittaker, M.: Differential Inhibition of Human Serum Cholinesterase With Fluoride: Recognition of Two New Phenotypes , Nature 191:496-498, 1961.Crossref 12. Lehmann, H.; Cook, J.; and Ryan, E.: Pseudocholinesterase in Early Infancy , Proc Roy Soc Med 50:147-150, 1957. 13. Whittaker, M.: The Pseudocholinesterase Variants: Esterase Levels and Increased Resistance to Fluoride , Acta Genet 14:281-285, 1964. 14. Harris, H., et al: Genetical Studies on a New Variant of Serum Cholinesterase Detected by Electrophoresis , Ann Hum Genet 26:359-382, 1963.Crossref 15. Fish, S.A.: Organophosphorus Cholinesterase Inhibitors and Fetal Development , Amer J Obstet Gynec 96:1148-1154, 1966.