Archives of Ophthalmology

Keeney, Arthur H.

1963 Archives of Ophthalmology

doi: 10.1001/archopht.1963.00960040149001pmid: 14031666

Abstract Manhattan's unlikely and pactolian Central Park South has spawned an unparalleled attack on one of the eye's oldest enemies—trachoma. Sponsored primarily by the New York Academy of Sciences and the National Society for the Prevention of Blindness, the conference heard 31 papers and discussions which have appeared since as a 382-page paperback. Fundamental uncertainties from introduction through conclusions are reflected by the title, Biology of the Trachoma Agent.* The half-century between identification of intracytoplasmic inclusions by Halberstaedter and Prowazek (1907), and the first successful culture of trachoma by T'ang of Pekin (1957), produced many advances in clinical chemotherapy. Only, however, in the half-decade since egg yolk culture of trachoma, have there been significant advances in understanding of the disease agent. Conference Chairman, Francis B. Gordon, gave an opening admonition against flailing about in semantics, and he kept conferees' attention focused on fundamental aspects of clinically related virology. Basic science participants References 1. Ann. New York Acad. Sci. 98:1-382, 1962.

C., D. G.

1963 Archives of Ophthalmology

doi: 10.1001/archopht.1963.00960040150002pmid: 14021969

This article is only available in the PDF format. Download the PDF to view the article, as well as its associated figures and tables. Abstract A recent symposium at Baylor University (Houston, Texas) was the occasion for ophthalmologists to review their knowledge of tumors in, on, and about the eye and to hear latest oncologic theory and practice from an impressive assemblage of authorities. It seems that eye tumors present a diversified assortment of neoplastic types and offer unusual challenges for treatment. Pigmented tumors of the conjunctiva can always be counted on for spirited discussion. It is reassuring to learn that since melanotic nevi do not give rise to malignancy prior to puberty they may be safely left in situ until an age when they can be removed under local anesthesia. More hazardous than nevi are the flat, diffuse pigmentations that generally occur in middle life and have come to be known as precancerous melanosis. These characteristically wax and wane over a number of years with the eventual development of nodular tumefactions that represent malignant

SCHEIE, HAROLD G.;ASHLEY, BYRON J.;BURNS, DONALD T.

1963 Archives of Ophthalmology

doi: 10.1001/archopht.1963.00960040153003pmid: 13991522

Abstract I. Introduction In a previous paper1 we reported the successful treatment of 2 eyes with traumatic total hyphema and secondary glaucoma by irrigation with fibrinolysin. The present paper reports data on 8 eyes treated by us and on 56 eyes submitted to us by other ophthalmologists. Fibrinolysin (Thrombolysin)* is a proteolytic enzyme prepared commercially by exposing high concentrations of purified profibrinolysin from human plasma to an activator substance, purified streptokinase. Fibrinolysin has a lytic effect on the fibrin clot, which is dissolved and can be irrigated from the anterior chamber. We also are reporting experimental work with fibrinolysin used in rabbit eyes. II. Experimental Studies Purpose.—Experiments were set up to evaluate the effect of various concentrations of fibrinolysin on ocular tissues when used in the rabbit anterior chamber. The effect of fibrinolysin on experimentally produced hyphema in the rabbit eye was also investigated. Method of Study.—Albino rabbits References 1. Thrombolysin and financial support furnished by Merck Sharp & Dohme, Philadelphia. 2. Scheie, H. G.; Ashley, B. J., Jr., and Weiner, A.: The Treatment of Total Hyphemia with Fibrinolysin (Plasmin) , Arch. Ophthal. 66:226, 1961.Crossref 3. O'Rourke, J. F.: An Evaluation of Intraocular Streptokinase , Amer. J. Ophthal. 39:119 (Feb., (Pt. 2) ) 1955.

WEISS, DANIEL I.;SHAFFER, ROBERT N.;HARRINGTON, DAVID O.

1963 Archives of Ophthalmology

doi: 10.1001/archopht.1963.00960040160004pmid: 13999714

Abstract Malignant glaucoma, appropriately so named by von Graefe in 1869,1 is a dire elevation of intraocular pressure occurring hours, days, or weeks after glaucoma surgery in the shallow-chambered eye with an elevated intraocular pressure,2 and characterized by absence or extreme shallowing of the anterior chamber and a refractoriness to the usual methods of glaucoma therapy. It is an uncommon complication in which there is a forward movement of the lens-iris diaphragm, probably related to sudden loss of anterior chamber aqueous during or soon after surgery. The posteroanterior flow of aqueous humor is blocked, the aqueous being trapped behind a relatively large lens or pooling within the vitreous or behind a detached vitreous body.3 Until recently the medical treatment of malignant glaucoma has been useless, even worsening the prognosis by unduly delaying the necessary surgical measures. Posterior sclerotomy and re-formation of the anterior chamber with air or saline References 1. Private patients of Drs. D. Harrington, S. Kimura, and R. Shaffer. 2. Supplied by Martin Roberts, Ph.D., Don Baxter, Inc., Glendale, Calif. 3. von Graefe, A.: Beiträge zur Pathologie und Therapie des Glaucoms , Arch. Ophthal. 15:108, 1869. 4. Chandler, P. A.: Malignant Glaucoma , Amer. J. Ophthal. 34:993, 1951. 5. Shaffer, R. N.: Role of Vitreous Detachment in Aphakic and Malignant Glaucoma , Trans. Amer. Acad. Ophthal. Otolaryng. 58:217, 1954. 6. Weber, A.: Die Ursache des Glaucoms , Arch. Ophthal. 23:1, 1877. 7. Scott, A. S., and Smith, V. H.: Retrolental Decompression for Malignant Glaucoma , Brit. J. Ophthal. 45:654, 1961.Crossref 8. Pagenstecher, H.: Über Glaukom , Ber. Deutsch. Ophthal. Ges. (Heidelberg) 10:7, 1877.Crossref 9. Weiss, D. I.; Shaffer, R. N., and Wise, B. L.: Mannitol Infusion to Reduce Intraocular Pressure , Arch. Ophthal. 68:341, 1962.Crossref 10. Chandler, P. A., and Grant, W. M.: Mydriatic-Cycloplegic Treatment in Malignant Glaucoma , Arch. Ophthal. 68:353, 1962.Crossref 11. Smith, P.: Glaucoma: Its Causes, Symptoms, Pathology, and Treatment , London, Churchill, 1879, p. 153. 12. Cole, D. F.: Electrical Potential Across the Isolated Ciliary Body Observed in Vitro , Brit. J. Ophthal. 45:641, 1961.Crossref

DOBBIE, J. GRAHAM

1963 Archives of Ophthalmology

doi: 10.1001/archopht.1963.00960040165005pmid: 14028195

Abstract Introduction Ocular hypotension associated with detachment of the retina has been described by several authors in the past.1 No detailed study of the mechanism involved has been reported utilizing recent methods of investigation, but from earlier experiments by Arruga2 and conclusions drawn from observations on the change of intraocular pressure following reattachment, cataract, and glaucoma surgery, it has been suggested that the hypotension is due to an excess leakage of aqueous humor from the eye.3,4 There is, however, no unanimity of this opinion. In view of the doubt that exists as to the exact mechanisms responsible for the hypotension, further investigation of this problem is desirable.There are 3 possible avenues to follow in the investigation of the hypotension in eyes having retinal detachment. The first possibility is that the hypotension is due to a decrease in the rate of aqueous humor formation. Secondly, the hypotension could References 1. Duke-Elder, W. S.: Text-Book of Ophthalmology , St. Louis, The C. V. Mosby Company, 1941, Vol. 3, p. 2886. 2. Arruga, H.: Über die Ruhigstellung des Augapfels in der Behandlung der Netzhautablösung , Klin. Mbl. Augenheilk. 93:52, 1934 3. Duke-Elder, W. S., p. 2887. 4. Friedenwald, J. S., et al.: Ophthalmic Pathology , Philadelphia, W. B. Saunders Company, 1952, p. 299. 5. Kronfeld, P.: Delayed Restoration of the Anterior Chamber , Amer. J. Ophthal. 38:453, 1954. 6. Weekers, R., and Delmarcelle, Y.: Hypotonie oculaire par réduction du débit de l'humeur aqueuse , Ophthalmologica , 125:425, 1953.Crossref 7. Rosengren, B.: A Method for Producing Intraocular Rise of Tension , Acta Ophthal. (Kbh.) 12: 403, 1934. 8. Ericson, L. A.: Twenty-Four Hourly Variations of the Aqueous Flow: Examinations with Perilimbal Suction Cup , Acta Ophthal. (Kbh.) (Suppl. 50) , 1958. 9. Friedenwald, J. S.: Standardization of Tonometers , decennial report by the Committee of Standardization of Tonometers, American Academy of Ophthalmology 1954, Chap. 7 , p. 94. 10. Kleiner, L.: Der intraokulare Druck bie Netzhautablösung , Arch. f. Ophthal. 129:485, 1933. 11. Goldmann, H.: Über Fluorescein in der menschlichen Vorderkammer: Das Kammerwasser-Minutenvolumen des Menschen , Ophthalmologica 119:65, 1950.Crossref 12. Linnér, E., and Friedenwald, J.: The Appearance Time of Fluorescein as an Index of Aqueous Flow , Amer. J. Ophthal. 44:225, 1957. 13. Becker, B., in Symposium on Glaucoma , edited by W. B. Clark, St. Louis, The C. V. Mosby Company, 1959, p. 61.

WALSH, FRANK B.

1963 Archives of Ophthalmology

doi: 10.1001/archopht.1963.00960040171006pmid: 13998637

Abstract A study concerning the ocular signs of mongolism at the Rosewood Training School (population 2,500, plus or minus) has provided figures regarding blindness and near-blindness in that population. In Rosewood approximately 85% of the inmates are mentally retarded, and 15% are admitted on the basis of behavior problems; 30% are Negroes. In the largest group, custodial care is the principal responsibility; because of the rigid qualifications for admittance, few are discharged, and many have grown old. The smaller group are unimportant as regards this report, since none were found to be blind or near-blind. If this study has any significance, it is only as regards institutions with similar populations. Only 2 definitions are necessary for the purpose of this report. Blindness as here used indicates absence of light perception in both eyes. Near-blindness is not so easily defined, particularly in such a population. The inmates classified as "near-blind" are sufficiently

CURTIN, BRIAN J.

1963 Archives of Ophthalmology

doi: 10.1001/archopht.1963.00960040172007pmid: 14024344

Abstract Congenital myopia offers an unusual source material for the study of pathological myopia. While it is relatively rare, exhibiting an incidence of considerably less than 1%,1-3 it is probably the "purest" form of the disease. Posterior sclerectasia is almost invariably found, and the numerous environmental factors which allegedly contribute to its pathogenesis can be reduced to a minimum. The children studied in this series, as in previous studies, are diagnosed several years after birth. It would, indeed, be more accurate to term the condition "perinatal sclerectatic myopia." However, the introduction of new terms, although more accurate, might only serve to confuse rather than clarify the subject. Materials and Methods A total of 66 cases of congenital myopia were examined for this study. The congenital nature of the disease was considered to be established by a history of nearsighted attitudes assumed by the child since early infancy in conjunction with References 1. Harman, N. B.: Discussion on the Problem of Myopia , Trans. Ophthal. Soc. U.K. 57:366, 1938. 2. Brückner, A., and Franceschetti, A.: Myopie im Kindesalter , Arch. Augenheilk. 105:1, 1931. 3. Jackson, E.: Norms of Refraction , J.A.M.A. 98:132, 1932.Crossref 4. Harman, N. B.: An Analysis of 300 Cases of High Myopia in Children , Trans. Ophthal. Soc. U.K. 33:202, 1913. 5. Mann, I.: Developmental Abnormalities of the Eye , Philadelphia, J. B. Lippincott Company, 1958, p. 75. 6. Bartels, M.: Höhe Myopie in denersten Lebensjahren , Klin. Mbl. Augenheilk. 86:770, 1931. 7. François, J.: Heredity in Ophthalmology , St. Louis, The C. V. Mosby Company, 1961, p. 198. 8. Brown, E. V. L.: Use-Abuse Theory of Changes in Refraction Versus Biologic Theory , Arch. Ophthal. 28:845, 1942.Crossref 9. Mawas, J.: Introduction à l'étude de la myopie et des chorio-rétinites myopiques , Bull. Soc. Franc. Ophtal. (Par.) 46:549, 1934. 10. Birge, H. L.: Myopia Caused by Prematurity , Amer. J. Ophthal. 41:292, 1956. 11. Alfano, J. E.: Myopia of Prematurity , Amer. J. Ophthal. 46:45, 1958. 12. Gregory, I. D. R.: Retinopathy of Prematurity , Brit. J. Ophthal. 41:321, 1957.Crossref 13. Drillien, C. M.: Growth and Development of Children of Very Low Birth Weight , Arch. Dis. Child. 33:10, 1958.Crossref 14. Fletcher, M. C.: The Fundus Oculi of the Premature Infant , J. Pediat. 43:499, 1953.Crossref 15. Eames, T. H.: Eye Conditions Among Children of Premature, Full-Term and Hypermature Birth , Amer. J. Ophthal. 29:57, 1946. 16. McNeil, N.: Some Ocular Manifestations of Prematurity , Brit. J. Ophthal. 40:24, 1956.Crossref 17. Watillon, M.; Thomas-Decortis, G., and Weekers, R.: La myopie de la prématurité , Bull. Soc. Belg. Ophtal. 126:1159, 1960. 18. Gardiner, P. A., and James, G.: Association Between Maternal Disease and Myopia in the Child , Brit. J. Ophthal. 44:172, 1960.Crossref 19. Incze, A.: Über die Myopie als eine konstitutionelle Veränderung , Z. Augenheilk. 174:20, 1929. 20. McKusick, V.: Hereditable Disorders of Connective Tissue , St. Louis, The C. V. Mosby Company, 1960. 21. Yater, W. M.: Symptom Diagnosis , New York, Appleton-Century-Crofts, Inc., 1942, p. 553. 22. Steindler, A.: Diseases and Deformities of the Spine and Thorax , St. Louis, The C. V. Mosby Company, 1929, p. 129. 23. Hanraets, P. R.: The Degenerative Back and Its Differential Diagnosis , Amsterdam, Elsevier Publishing Co, 1959, p. 40. 24. Curtin, B. J., and Teng, C. C.: Scleral Changes in Pathological Myopia , Trans. Amer. Acad. Ophthal. Otolaryng. 62:777, 1958. 25. Kuschel: Die Erschlaffung der Körperkonstitution als Veranlagung zur Kurzsichtigkeit , Z. Augenheilk. 51:339, 1923. 26. Pisano, E.: Osservazioni gonioscopiche nella miopia degenerativa , Ress. Ital. Ottal. 25:327, 1956. 27. Burian, H. M.: Chamber Angle Studies in Developmental Glaucoma , Missouri Med. 55:1088, 1958. 28. Burian, H. M.; van Noorden, G. K., and Ponseti, I.: Chamber Angle Anomalies in Systemic Connective Tissue Disorders , A.M.A. Arch. Ophthal. 64:671, 1960.Crossref 29. Barber, A. N.: Embryology of the Human Eye , St. Louis, The C. V. Mosby Company, 1955, p. 47. 30. Francois, J., and deVerriest, G.: Étude statistique de la rétinopathie pigmentaire , Bull. Soc. Belg. Ophtal. 126:1118, 1960.

MUIRHEAD, J. FRASER;JACKSON, PAUL

1963 Archives of Ophthalmology

doi: 10.1001/archopht.1963.00960040180008

Abstract Introduction Lipoid proteinosis is a rare disease of skin and mucous membranes. Characteristic lesions of the eyelid occur, but we have found only one case in the ophthalmic literature.1 Although the earliest clinical report appeared in 1908, it was not until Urbach and Wiethe's 1929 article that the disease was extensively studied. Scattered reports have appeared since, mostly in the dermatologic and otolaryngologic literature.Various names have been given the disease. "Lipoidosis cutis et mucosae" was Urbach and Wiethe's 1929 term. Urbach renamed it "Lipoid proteinosis" in 1932 and Lundt in 1949 coined "Hyalinosis cutis et mucosae." McCusker and Caplan (1962) have suggested "Lipoglycoproteinosis."The characteristic lesions on mucous membranes and later on the skin, are small, translucent, yellowish papules. Less frequently they may appear as yellowish plaques. Hoarseness due to vocal cord involvement is the commonest complaint. Although not present at birth, lipoid proteinosis begins in infancy or References 1. Blodi, F. C.; Whinery, R. D., and Hendricks, C. A.: Lipid-Proteinosis (Urbach-Wiethe) Involving the Lids , Trans. Amer. Ophthal. Soc. 58:155, 1960. 2. Cowan, M. A.; Alexander, S.; Vickers, H. R., and Cowdell, R. H.: Case of Lipoid Proteinosis , Brit. Med. J. 2:557 ( (Aug. 26) ) 1961.Crossref 3. Eberhartinger, C., and Reinhardt, F.: Serum Proteins in Lipoid Proteinosis Urbach Wiethe (Hyalinosis Cutis et Mucosae) , Hautzart 9:503, ( (Nov.) ) 1958 4. Year Book of Dermatology 1959-1960 , Edited by R. L. Baer and V. H. Witten, Chicago Year Book Publications, p. 309. 5. Gerth, H., and Flegel, H.: Hyalinosis Cutis et Mucosae (Ein Beitrag zur Kenntnis des Krankheitsbildes) Derm. Wschr. 133:10 ( (Jan.) ) 1956. 6. Holtz, K. H., and Schulze, W.: Beitrag zur Klinik und Pathogenese der Hyalinosis Cutis et Mucosae (Lipoid-Proteinose Urbach-Wiethe) Arch. Derm. Syph. 192:206 ( (Jan.) ) 1951.Crossref 7. Laymon, C. W., and Hill, E. M.: An Appraisal of Hyalinosis Cutis et Mucosae , A.M.A. Arch. Derm. 75:55 ( (Jan.) ) 1957.Crossref 8. Katzenellenbogen, I., and Ungar, M.: Lipoid Proteinosis (Reinvestigation of a Case Previously Reported by Urbach and Wiethe in 1929) , Dermatologica 115:23 ( (July) ) 1957.Crossref 9. McCusker, J. J., and Caplan, R. M.: Lipoid Proteinosis (Lipoglycoproteinosis): A Histochemical Study of 2 Cases , Amer. J. Path. 40:599 ( (May) ) 1962. 10. Sanchez-Caballero, H. S.; Ambrosetti, F. E., and Lopez-Lacarrere, E.: Lipoidero-Proteinosis de Urbach , Sem. Med. 105:835 ( (Nov. 4) ) 1954. 11. Scott, F. P., and Findlay, G. H.: Hyalinosis Cutis et Mucosae (Lipoid Proteinosis) S. Afr. Med. J. 34:189 ( (Mar. 5) ) 1960. 12. Tompkins, J., and Weinstein, I. M.: Lipoid Proteinosis: Two Case Reports Including Liver Biopsies, Special Blood Lipid Analyses and Treatment with a Lipotropic Agent , Ann. Intern. Med. 41:163 ( (July) ) 1954.Crossref 13. Thannhauser, S. J.: Lipoidoses: Diseases of Cellular Lipid Metabolism , Ed. 2, New York, The Oxford University Press, 1950, pp. 444-449. 14. Lipoïdo-proteinose ou hyalinose de la peau et des muqueuses de Urbach-Wiethe , Bull. Soc. Franc. Derm. Syph. 65:549, 1958. 15. Touraine, M. A.: Lipoïdo-proteinose de la peau et muqueuses (Maladie d' Urbach-Wiethe) , Bull. Soc. Franc. Derm. Syph. 47:273, 1940.

KRILL, ALEX E.;ALPERT, HUBERT J.;OSTFELD, ADRIAN M.

1963 Archives of Ophthalmology

doi: 10.1001/archopht.1963.00960040186009pmid: 14035803

Abstract A previous study demonstrated that lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) induced measurable changes in human retinal function while visual hallucinations and illusions were being experienced.1 The changes were evident in both dark-adaptation and electroretinographic studies and were interpreted as mildly hypoxic or toxic retinal effects of LSD. In the dark-adaptation curve, LSD delayed the rod-cone break and elevated the entire rod threshold. In the electroretinogram (ERG), the drug increased the scotopic bwave amplitudes and in some subjects also increased the scotopic a-wave amplitudes. Because hallucinations and illusions were reported only when measurable ERG and dark-adaptation changes occurred, a possible retinal role in the induction of hallucinations was considered. Consequently, the present study was undertaken to clarify the role of a functioning retina in the induction of LSD-induced visual changes by studying subjects with total blindness (no light perception) and, insofar as could be determined, normal central nervous system References 1. Some of these questions were selected from a questionnaire devised by Abramson for assessing LSD effect.2 2. Through the use of the Fisher exact probabilities test for 2X2 tables.4 3. Krill, A. E., et al.: The Effect of 2 Hallucinogenic Agents on Human Retinal Function , Arch. Ophthal. 64:724, 1960.Crossref 4. Abramson, H. A., et al.: Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD-25): 1. Physiological and Perceptual Responses , J. Psychol. 39:3, 1955.Crossref 5. English, H. B., and English, A. C.: A Comprehensive Dictionary of Psychological and Psychoanalytical Terms: A Guide to Usage , New York, Longmans, Green & Co., Inc., 1958. 6. Fisher, R. A., Editor: Statistical Methods for Research Workers , New York, Hafner, 1954. 7. Alema, G.: Allucinazioni da acido lisergico in cieco sen a bulbi oculari , Riv. Neurol. 22:720, 1952. 8. Zador, J.: Mesdalinwirkung bei Storungen des optischen systems , Z. Neurol. Psychiat. 127:30, 1930.Crossref 9. Forrer, G. R., and Goldner, R. D.: Experimental Physiological Studies with Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD-25) , Arch. Neurol. Psychiat. 65:581, 1951.Crossref 10. Bercel, N. A., et al.: Model Psychoses Induced by LSD-25 in Normals , Arch. Neurol. Psychiat. 75:588, 1956.Crossref 11. DeShon, H. J., et al.: Mental Changes Experimentally Produced by L.S.D. (d-Lysergic Acid Diethylamide Tartrate) , Psychiat. Quart. 26:33, 1952.Crossref 12. Lebovits, B., et al.: LSD and JB318: A Comparison of 2 Hallucinogens: 1. An Exploratory Study , Arch. Gen. Psychiat. 2:390, 1960.Crossref 13. Penfield, W., and Rasmussen, T.: The Cerebral Cortex of Man, New York, The Macmillan Company. 14. Weinberger, L. M., and Grant, F. C.: Visual Hallucinations and Their Neuro-Optical Correlates , Arch. Ophthal. 23:166, 1940.Crossref

RENPENNING, HANS J.;WACASER, LYLE E.

1963 Archives of Ophthalmology

doi: 10.1001/archopht.1963.00960040192010

Abstract Common carotid ligation is one of the more conservative operations for carotidcavernous sinus fistula. Visual impairment following this procedure is rare, and to our knowledge, total blindness in the eye on the affected side has not been reported heretofore. Report of Case A 31-year-old Negro male, who previously had been in good health, presented himself at the Illinois Eye and Ear Infirmary on Jan. 6, 1962, with a history of proptosis of the left eye following an injury 3 weeks earlier. He had received a rather hard blow with a bottle on the left side of the head, but had not lost consciousness or felt weak. A few days after the injury the left eye became red and painful, and shortly thereafter he had diplopia and became aware of a roaring noise in the left ear.The visual acuity in the right eye was 20/20 without correction; that in the References 1. Henderson, J. W., and Schneider, R. C.: The Ocular Findings in Carotid-Cavernous Fistula in a Series of 17 Cases , Trans. Amer. Ophthal. Soc. 56:123-141, 1958. 2. Hoist, H. J.: Pulsating Exophthalmus Caused by Carotid-Cavernous Fistulas , Acta Ophthal. (Kbh.) 38:686-697, 1960. 3. Sugar, H. S., and Meyer, S. J.: Pulsating Exophthalmus , Arch. Ophthal. 23:1288-1321, 1940.Crossref 4. Walker, A. E., and Allegre, G. E.: Carotid-Cavernous Fistulas , Surgery 39:411-422, 1956. 5. Sattler, C. H.: Beitrag zur Kenntnis des pulsierendere Exophthalmus , Augenheilk 43:534-552, 1920. 6. List, C. F., and Hodges, F. J.: Intracranial Angiography: The Diagnosis of Vascular Lesions , J. Neurosurg. 3:25-45, 1946.Crossref 7. Swan, K. C., and Raaf, J.: Changes in the Eye and Orbit Following Carotid Ligation , Trans. Amer. Ophthal. Soc. 49:435-444, 1951. 8. Martin, J. D., Jr., and Mabon, R. F.: Pulsating Exophthalmus , J.A.M.A. 121:330-335, 1943.Crossref 9. Schenk, H.: Über das auftreten einer Retinopathia traumatica Purtscher nach Unterbindung der Arteria carotis communis , Klin. Mbl. Augenheilk. 147:669-675, 1955.