doi: 10.1001/archinte.1975.00330110011001pmid: N/A
This article is only available in the PDF format. Download the PDF to view the article, as well as its associated figures and tables.
doi: 10.1001/archinte.1975.00330110015002pmid: N/A
This article is only available in the PDF format. Download the PDF to view the article, as well as its associated figures and tables. Abstract Karl L. Gabriel, PhD... promoted to professor of pharmacology, Medical College of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia. Joseph Goodgold, MD... named to the new Howard A. Rusk, MD, Professorship of Rehabilitation Research, Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, New York University School of Medicine. Wright State University School of Medicine, Dayton, Ohio: C. Alex Alexander, MD, DrPH (photo)... named clinical professor, Department of Community Medicine, and assistant dean for veterans' affairs (as well as chief of staff, Dayton Veterans Administration Center); John C. Wright, MD (photo)... named vice-chairman, Department of Family Practice; Harvey A. Siegal, PhD (photo)... named director, Medicine in Society Program; Frank M. Holden, MD (photo)... named to the faculty and also as executive director, Greater Miami Valley Subregional Organization for Health Manpower and Training. Robert C. Knapp, MD (photo)... appointed William H. Baker Professor of Gynecology in the Faculty of Medicine in a joint announcement by Harvard Medical School and the Boston
doi: 10.1001/archinte.1975.00330110019003pmid: N/A
Abstract • A total of 42 patients participated in three controlled clinical trials, each of different design, to demonstrate the efficacy and safety of naproxen in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. First, a double-blind comparison of aspirin and naproxen was made in 24 patients. As judged by objective and subjective measurements of disease activity, naproxen was at least as effective as aspirin and the incidence and severity of side effects were less with naproxen than with aspirin. Second, the safety and efficacy of naproxen administration was followed in 42 patients for up to two years. Third, the continued efficacy of naproxen during these two years was tested by interspersing a short period of double-blind placebo administration for some patients. The observations made in this clinical study suggest that naproxen is an effective and well-tolerated drug in the long-term treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. (Arch Intern Med 135:1429-1435,1975) References 1. Rodnan GP, McEwen C, Wallace SL (eds): Prevalence of Rheumatic Disease, in Primer on the Rheumatic Diseases. JAMA 224( (suppl) ):679-680, 1973.Crossref 2. Levy M: Aspirin use in patients with major upper gastrointestinal bleeding and peptic-ulcer disease. N Engl J Med 290:1158-1162, 1974.Crossref 3. Woodbury DM: The salicylates , in Goodman LS, Gilman A (eds): Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics , ed 4. London, MacMillan Co, pp 325-327. 4. Sun DCH, Roth SH, Mitchell CS, et al: Upper gastrointestinal disease in rheumatoid arthritis. Am J Dig Dis 19:405-410, 1974.Crossref 5. Roszkowski AP, Rooks WH II, Tomolonis AJ, et al: Anti-inflammatory and analgetic properties of D-2-(6'-methoxy-2'-naphthyl)-propionic acid (naproxen). J Pharmacol Exp Ther 179:114-123, 1971. 6. Roszkowski AP, Rooks W, Tomolonis A, et al: Pharmacological properties of naproxen. Scand J Rheumatol 2( (suppl) ):12-19, 1973.Crossref 7. Lussier A, Segre EJ, Multz CV, et al: Naproxen: A novel approach to dose-finding efficacy trials in rheumatoid arthritis. Clin Pharmacol Ther 14:434-441, 1973. 8. Hill HFH, Hill AGS, Mowat AG, et al: Naproxen: A new non-hormonal anti-inflammatory agent. Ann Rheum Dis 33:12-19, 1974.Crossref 9. Roth SH, Boost G: An open trial of naproxen in rheumatoid arthritis patients with significant esophageal, gastric, and duodenal lesions. J Clin Pharmacol 15:378-384, 1975.Crossref 10. Tomlinson RV, Ringold HJ, Qureshi MC, et al: Relationship between inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis and drug efficacy: Support for the current theory on mode of action of aspirin-like drugs. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 46:552-559, 1972.Crossref 11. Runkel R, Chaplin M, Boost G, et al: Absorption distribution, metabolism, and excretion of naproxen in various laboratory animals and human subjects. J Pharm Sci 61:703-707, 1972.Crossref 12. Thompson GF, Collins JM: Urinary metabolic profiles for choosing test animals for chronic toxicity studies: Application to naproxen. J Pharm Sci 62:937-941, 1973.Crossref 13. Rodnan GP, McEwen C, Wallace SL (eds): Criteria for diagnosis and classification of rheumatic diseases, in Primer on the Rheumatic Diseases. JAMA 224( (suppl) ):799-802, 1973. 14. Rodnan GP, McEwen C, Wallace SL (eds): Criteria for determination of progression of rheumatoid arthritis and of functional capacity of patients with the disease, in Primer on the Rheumatic Diseases. JAMA 224( (suppl) ):802,1973. 15. Koch GG: The use of non-parametric methods in the statistical analysis of the two-period change-over design. Biometrics 28:577-584,1972.Crossref 16. Grizzle JE: The two-period change-over design and its use in clinical trials. Biometrics 21:467-480, 1965.Crossref 17. Kendall MJ, Cockel R, Becker J, et al: Raised serum alkaline phosphatase in rheumatoid disease. Ann Rheum Dis 29:537, 1970.Crossref
Meema, Silvia;Bunker, Manzer L.;Meema, H. Erik
doi: 10.1001/archinte.1975.00330110026004pmid: N/A
Abstract • Follow-up studies of bone mineral content in the radius were done in 82 postmenopausal women 4 to 10 years after the first examination. These patients were subdivided into four groups depending on the type of menopause (artificial or natural) and estrogen administration (treated or untreated). Bone mineral mass and combined cortical thickness decreased significantly in both groups of untreated women. Bone mineral loss per year for the untreated women was —9.1 mg/sq cm for castrates and —6.9 mg/sq cm for those with a natural menopause. In neither group was the rate of loss correlated with age. The change in bone mineral mass per year in the estrogen-treated subjects (mean, +3.25 mg/sq cm) differed significantly from that of untreated subjects (mean, —7.99 mg/sq cm). The findings suggest that postmenopausal osteoporosis could be prevented by estrogen treatment. (Arch Intern Med 135:1436-1440,1975) References 1. Davis ME, Strandjord NM, Lanzl LH: Estrogens and the aging process. JAMA 196:219-224, 1966.Crossref 2. Meema HE, Meema S: Prevention of postmenopausal osteoporosis by hormone treatment of the menopause. Can Med Assoc J 99:248-251, 1968. 3. Aitken JM, Hart DM, Lindsay R: Oestrogen replacement therapy for prevention of osteoporosis after oophorectomy. Br Med J 3:515-518, 1973.Crossref 4. Smith RW, Rizek J: Epidemiologic studies of osteoporosis in women of Puerto Rico and South-Eastern Michigan with special reference to age, national origin and to other related or associated findings. Clin Orthop 45:31-48, 1966.Crossref 5. Garn SM, Rohmann CG, Nolan P: The developmental nature of bone changes during aging , in Birren JE (ed): Relations of Development and Aging . Springfield, Charles C Thomas Publisher, 1964, pp 41-60. 6. Johnston CC Jr, Smith DM, Yu PL, et al: In vivo measurement of bone mass in the radius. Metabolism 17:1140-1153, 1968.Crossref 7. Newton-John HF, Morgan DB: The loss of bone with age, osteoporosis and fractures. Clin Orthop 71:229-252, 1970.Crossref 8. Meema HE, Bunker ML, Meema S: Loss of compact bone due to menopause. Obstet Gynecol 26:333-343, 1965. 9. Garn SM: The Earlier Gain and the Later Loss of Cortical Bone in Nutritional Perspective . Springfield, Charles C Thomas Publisher, 1970. 10. Adams P, Davies GT, Sweetnam P: Osteoporosis and the effects of ageing on bone mass in elderly men and women. Q J Med 39:601-615, 1970. 11. Morgan B: Osteomalacia, Renal Osteodystrophy and Osteoporosis . Springfield, Charles C Thomas Publisher, 1973, p 248. 12. Meema HE, Harris CK, Porrett RE: A method for determination of bone-salt content of cortical bone. Radiology 82:986-997, 1964.Crossref 13. Meema HE, Rabinovich S, Oreopoulos DG, et al: Changes in bone mineral content of radius in chronic renal disease , in Cameron JR (ed): Proceedings of Bone Measurement Conference, USA . Springfield, Va, United States Atomic Energy Commission, 1970, pp 383-395. 14. Meema S, Reid DBW, Meema HE: Age trends of bone mineral mass, muscle width, and subcutaneous fat in normals and osteoporotics. Calcif Tissue Res 12:101-112, 1973. 15. Dequeker J: Bone loss in normal and pathological conditions . Leuven, University Press, 1972. 16. Frost HM: Bone Remodeling and its Relationship to Metabolic Bone Diseases . Springfield, Charles C Thomas Publisher, 1973, p 17. 17. Nordin BEC, MacGregor J, Smith DA: The incidence of osteoporosis in normal women: Its relation to age and the menopause. Q J Med 35:25-38, 1966. 18. Aitken JM, Hart DM, Anderson JB, et al: Osteoporosis after oophorectomy for non-malignant disease in premenopausal women. Br Med J 2:325-328, 1973.Crossref 19. Davis ME, Lanzl LH, Cox AB: Detection, prevention and retardation of menopausal osteoporosis. Obstet Gynecol 36:187-198, 1970. 20. Riggs BL, Jowsey J, Goldsmith RS, et al: Short- and long-term effects of estrogen and synthetic anabolic hormone in postmenopausal osteoporosis. J Clin Invest 51:1659-1663, 1972.Crossref 21. Gordan GS: Recent progress in calcium metabolism: Clinical application. Calif Med 114:28-43, 1971. 22. Leis HP: The pill and the breast. NY State J Med 70:2911-2918, 1970. 23. Burch JC, Byrd BF: Effects of long-term administration of estrogen on the occurrence of mammary cancer in women. Ann Surg 174:414-418, 1971.Crossref 24. Burch JC, Byrd BF, Vaughn WK: The effects of long-term estrogen on hysterectomized women. Am J Obstet Gynecol 118:778-782, 1974. 25. Meema S, Meema HE: Possible estrogenic effect on bone in postmenopausal patients with mammary carcinoma. Cancer 19:433-436, 1966.Crossref 26. Meema HE, Meema S: The relationship of diabetes mellitus and body weight to osteoporosis in elderly females. Can Med Assoc J 96:132-139, 1967. 27. Saville PD, Nilsson BER: Height and weight in symptomatic postmenopausal osteoporosis. Clin Orthop 45:49-54, 1966.Crossref 28. Heuck F: Die Radiologische Erfassung des Mineralgehaltes des Knochens , in Diethelm L (ed): Handbuch der medizinischen Radiologie , pt 1. Berlin, Springer-Verlag, 1970, vol 4, pp 106-295. 29. Mazess RB, Judy PI, Wilson CR, et al: Progress in clinical use of photon absorptiometry , in Frame B, Parfitt AM, Duncan H (eds): Clinical Aspects of Metabolic Bone Disease . Amsterdam, Excerpta Medica, 1973, pp 37-43.
Feinstein, Alvan R.;Schimpff, Carol R.;Hull, Edgar W.
doi: 10.1001/archinte.1975.00330110031005pmid: N/A
Abstract • Existing systems of staging for patients with rectal cancer depend almost exclusively on anatomic evidence. Consequently, the stages cannot be determined in advance of therapeutic decisions and cannot be used for patients treated without surgery. Furthermore, the stages contain no provision for important prognostic distinctions that cannot be discerned from anatomic data. After preparing a taxonomy for hitherto unclassified medical data, we developed and tested two new systems of staging in a cohort of 318 patients. The first system, which can be applied before treatment, is divided into four composite stages that contain elements of symptomatic, chronometric, co-morbid, and para-morbid data, as well as information obtained from physical examination, sigmoidoscopy, and roentgenography. The second system, applicable to patients with resected tumors, is based on a combination of pretherapeutic clinical information and post-surgical anatomic evidence. The two systems produce prognostic gradients that are clinically distinctive and statistically efficacious. (Arch Intern Med 135:1441-1453,1975) References 1. Feinstein AR: Scientific defects in the staging of cancer , in Prediction of Response in Cancer Therapy . National Cancer Institute Monograph 34. Bethesda, Md, National Cancer Institute, 1971, pp 268-273. 2. Feinstein AR: Clinical Judgment . Baltimore, Williams & Wilkins Co, 1967. 3. Feinstein AR: Symptoms as an index of biologic behaviour and prognosis in human cancer. Nature 209:241-245, 1966.Crossref 4. Feinstein AR: A new staging system for cancer and a reappraisal of "early" treatment and "cure" by radical surgery. N Engl J Med 279:747-753, 1968.Crossref 5. Feinstein AR, Pritchett JA, Schimpff CR: The epidemiology of cancer therapy: II. The clinical course: Data, decisions and temporal demarcations. Arch Intern Med 123:323-344, 1969.Crossref 6. Feinstein AR, Pritchett JA, Schimpff CR: The epidemiology of cancer therapy: III. The management of imperfect data. Arch Intern Med 123:448-461, 1969.Crossref 7. Feinstein AR, Pritchett JA, Schimpff CR: The epidemiology of cancer therapy: IV. The extraction of data from medical records. Arch Intern Med 123:571-590, 1969.Crossref 8. Feinstein AR: Taxonorics: I. Formulation of criteria. II. Formats and coding systems for data processing. Arch Intern Med 126:679-693, 1053-1067, 1970.Crossref 9. Feinstein AR: Clinical biostatistics: XI. Sources of 'chronology bias' in cohort statistics. Clin Pharmacol Ther 12:864-879, 1971. 10. Feinstein AR: Clinical biostatistics: XIV. The purposes of prognostic stratification. Clin Pharmacol Ther 13:285-297, 1972. 11. Feinstein AR: Clinical biostatistics: XXI. A primer of concepts, phrases, and procedures in the statistical analysis of multiple variables. Clin Pharmacol Ther 14:462-477, 1973. 12. Sonquist JA, Morgan JN: The Detection of Interaction Effects: A Report on a Computer Program for the Selection of Optimal Combination of Explanatory Variables , monograph 35. Ann Arbor, Mich, Survey Research Center Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, 1964. 13. Koss N, Feinstein AR: Computer-aided prognosis: II. Development of a prognostic algorithm. Arch Intern Med 127:448-459, 1971.Crossref 14. Feinstein AR: Clinical biostatistics: XV and XVI. The process of prognostic stratification (part 1 and 2). Clin Pharmacol Ther 13:442-457, 609-624, 1972. 15. Feinstein AR: The pre-therapeutic classification of co-morbidity in chronic disease. J Chron Dis 23:455-469, 1970.Crossref 16. Welch CE, Burke JF: Carcinoma of colon and rectum. N Engl J Med 266:210, 1962. 17. Ragland JJ, Londe AM, Spratt JS Jr: Correlation of the prognosis of obstructing colorectal carcinoma with clinical and pathologic variables. Am J Surg 121:552-556, 1971.Crossref 18. Rowe-Jones DC, Aylett SO: Delay in treatment in carcinoma of colon and rectum. Lancet 2:973-976, 1965.Crossref 19. Hackett TP, Cassem NH, Raker JW: Patient delay in cancer. N Engl J Med 289:14-20, 1973.Crossref 20. Feinstein AR: Clinical biostatistics: XVII. Synchronous partition and bivariate evaluation in predictive stratification. Clin Pharmacol Ther 13(pt 1):755-768, 1972. 21. TNM Classification of Malignant Tumours , Committee on TNM Classification. Geneva, International Union Against Cancer, 1968. 22. Sanfelippo PM, Beahrs OH: Factors in the prognosis of adenocarcinoma of the colon and rectum. Arch Surg 104:401-406, 1972.Crossref 23. Lunn JN, Elwood PC: Anemia and surgery. Br Med J 3:71-73, 1970.Crossref 24. Keddie N, Hargreaves A: Symptoms of carcinoma of the colon and rectum. Lancet 2:749-750, 1968.Crossref 25. Spratt JS Jr: The rates and patterns of growth of neoplasms of the large intestine and rectum. Surg Clin North Am 45:1103-1115,1965. 26. Charlson ME, Feinstein AR: An analytic critique of existing systems of staging for breast cancer. Surgery 73:579-598, 1973. 27. Feinstein AR, Shimpff CR, Hull EW: A reappraisal of staging and therapy for patients with cancer of the rectum: II. Patterns of presentation and outcome of treatment. Arch Intern Med 135:1454-1462, 1975.Crossref
doi: 10.1001/archinte.1975.00330110043006pmid: N/A
This article is only available in the PDF format. Download the PDF to view the article, as well as its associated figures and tables. Abstract —In the article, "Glucagon-Blood Catecholamine Test: Use in Isolated and Familial Pheochromocytoma," published in the September Archives (135:1227-1231, 1975), a word was misspelled on page 1227. In column 2, the last word in the third line from the bottom should be "myenteric," not "mesenteric."
Feinstein, Alvan R.;Schimpff, Carol R.;Hull, Edgar W.
doi: 10.1001/archinte.1975.00330110044007pmid: N/A
Abstract • Two new biologically composite systems of staging were used to analyze the patterns of presentation, therapy, and outcome for 318 patients with rectal cancer. Selectional bias was evident in therapeutic decisions. The patients chosen for surgical exploration and possible resection came mainly from prognostically favorable stages and had higher survival rates than the "inoperable" patients even when the tumor was not resected. In patients with tumors located 8 cm or higher above the anus, survival rates in each composite symptom-anatomic (S-A) stage were essentially similar with radical and simple resections. Radical surgery gave better survival rates than simple surgery for tumors at 5 to 7 cm and was an anatomic necessity to remove tumors at 0 to 4 cm. Regardless of the extensiveness of surgery, the S-A stages were directly related to rates of postoperative infection, postoperative death, subsequent quality of life, and deaths due either to cancer or to noncancer causes. (Arch Intern Med 135:1454-1462,1975) References 1. Feinstein AR, Schimpff CR, Hull EW: A reappraisal of staging and therapy for patients with cancer of the rectum: I. Development of two new systems of staging. Arch Intern Med 135:1441-1453, 1975.Crossref 2. Feinstein AR, Pritchett JA, Schimpff CR: The epidemiology of cancer therapy: II. The clinical course: Data, decisions, and temporal demarcations. Arch Intern Med 123:323-344, 1969.Crossref 3. TNM Classification of Malignant Tumours , Committee on TNM Classification. Geneva, International Union Against Cancer, 1968. 4. Dukes CE: The incidence of pathology of carcinoma of the colon and rectum , in Goligher JC (ed): Surgery of the Anus, Rectum, and Colon , ed 2. London, Balliere, Tindall & Cassell, 1967.
Glauser, Frederick L.;Smith, W. Richard
doi: 10.1001/archinte.1975.00330110058008pmid: N/A
Abstract • The following abnormalities were observed during the first 24 hours of admission for 162 drug overdosage (OD) episodes in 152 patients: abnormal chest x-ray films; increased A-aO2 gradient; elevated white blood cell (WBC) counts; elevated serum enzyme levels; gross myoglobinuria; skin lesions suggestive of pressure necrosis; and abnormal electrocardiograms. Many sputum cultures were positive for single or multiple potentially pathogenic organisms. These correlations existed: all patients with OD duration of < 12 hours were hyperthermic; as temperatures increased so did WBC counts; hyperthermic patients had higher creatine phosphokinase (CPK) values than those with hypothermia or normothermia; patients with skin lesions had higher temperatures and CPK values and longer OD duration; serum enzyme levels increased with increasing OD duration; patients with CPK levels >10,000 mU/ml had myoglobinuria; and patients with the most abnormal chest x-ray films had higher temperatures and larger A-aO2 gradients. Incidence of pneumonitis is low, even with abnormal chest radiograms, leukocytosis, hyperthermia, and positive sputum cultures. Abnormal temperatures and leukocytosis are probably secondary to stress, hypoxemia, acidosis, and specific drug ingestion rather than infection. (Arch Intern Med 135:1468-1473,1975) References 1. Smith AJ: Self-poisoning with drugs: A worsening situation. Br Med J 4:157-159, 1972.Crossref 2. Clemmesen C, Nilsson E: Therapeutic trends in the treatment of barbiturate poisoning. Clin Pharmacol 2200-226, 1961. 3. Hadden J, Johnson K, Smith S, et al: Acute barbiturate intoxication. JAMA 209:893-900, 1969.Crossref 4. Lawson AAH, Proudfoot AT: Medical management in acute barbiturate poisoning , in Matthews H (ed): Acute Barbiturate Poisoning . Amsterdam, Excerpta Medica, 1971. 5. Matthews H, Lawson AAH: Treatment of Common Acute Poisonings . Edinburgh, Livingstone Press, 1970. 6. Moeschlin S: Clinical features of acute barbiturate poisoning , in Matthews H (ed): Acute Barbiturate Poisoning . Amsterdam, Excerpta Medica, 1971. 7. Beveridge GW: Bullous lesions in poisoning. Br Med J 4:116-118, 1971.Crossref 8. Mandy S, Ackerman AB: Characteristic traumatic skin lesions in drug-induced coma. JAMA 213:253-256, 1970.Crossref 9. Afifi AA, Sacks ST, Liu VY, et al: Accumulative prognostic index for patients with barbiturate, glutethimide and meprobamate intoxication. N Engl J Med 285:1497-1502, 1971.Crossref 10. Clark JG, Sumerling MD: Muscle necrosis and calcification in acute renal failure due to barbiturate intoxication. Br Med J 2:214-216, 1966.Crossref 11. Fahlgren H, Hid R, Landmark C: Myonecrosis and myoglobinuria in alcohol and barbiturate intoxication. Acta Med Scand 158:405-410, 1957.Crossref 12. Wright N, Clarkson AR, Brown SS, et al: Effects of poisoning on serum enzyme activities, coagulation, and fibrinolysis. Br Med J 3:347-350, 1971.Crossref 13. Henderson LW, Metz M, Wilkinson JH: Serum enzyme elevations in glutethimide intoxication. Br Med J 3:751, 1970.Crossref 14. Cotes JE: Lung Function , ed 2. Philadelphia, FA Davis Co, 1968. 15. Cook HH, Dounce AL: Determination of serum aldolase. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 87:349-354, 1954.Crossref 16. Kagen LJ: Immunologic detection of myoglobinuria after cardiac surgery. Ann Intern Med 67:1183-1192, 1967.Crossref 17. Clarke EGC: Isolation and Identification of Drugs . London, Pharmaceutical Press, 1969. 18. Marriott HJL: Practical Electrocardiography , ed 5. Baltimore, Williams & Wilkins Co, 1972. 19. Howse AJG, Seddon H: Ischaemic contracture of muscle associated with carbon monoxide and barbiturate poisoning. Br Med J 1:192-195, 1966.Crossref 20. Richter RW, Challenor YB, Pearson J, et al: Acute myoglobinuria associated with heroin addiction. JAMA 216:1172-1176, 1971.Crossref 21. Jones DIR: Self-poisoning with drugs: A view from a general medical unit Practitioner 203:73-75, 1969. 22. Weyman AE, Greenbaum DM, Grace WJ: Accidental hypothermia in an alcoholic population. Am J Med 56:13-21, 1974.Crossref 23. Seddon HJ, Howse AJD: Bullous lesions in poisoning. Br Med J 3:371, 1971.Crossref 24. Sorensen BF: Skin symptoms in acute narcotic intoxication. Danish Med Bull 10:130-131, 1963. 25. Shubin H, Weil MH: Shock associated with barbiturate intoxication. JAMA 215:263-268, 1971.Crossref 26. Steel CM, French EB, Aitchison WRC: Studies on adrenaline-induced leucocytosis in normal man: I. The role of the spleen and of the thoracic duct. Br J Haematol 21:413-421, 1971.Crossref 27. Matthews H: Acute Barbiturate Poisoning . Amsterdam, Excerpta Medica, 1971. 28. Blom GE: A review of electrocardiographic changes in emotional states. J Nerv Ment Dis 113:283-288, 1951. 29. Hess RG, Smith GB, Lamb LE: Pitfalls in interpreting electrocardiographic changes while monitoring stress procedures. Aerosp Med 31:9-14, 1960. 30. Penn AS, Rowland LP, Fraser DW: Drugs, coma, and myoglobinuria. Arch Neurol 26:336-343, 1972.Crossref
Maxon, Harry R.;Kreines, Kenneth W.;Goldsmith, Richard E.;Knowles, Harvey C.
doi: 10.1001/archinte.1975.00330110067009pmid: N/A
Abstract • In an attempt to clarify the clinical importance of glucose intolerance associated with acute thyrotoxicosis, 22 patients had evaluations performed for glucose tolerance while thyrotoxic and at mean follow-up times of 8.8 months and 11.6 years after adequate antithyroid treatment. High incidences of glucose intolerance at long-term follow-up (32%) and of histories suggestive of diabetic diathesis (43%) support the hypothesis that there is an inherited relationship between diabetes mellitus and thyrotoxicosis and suggest that initial testing of all thyrotoxic patients for glucose intolerance is advisable. In addition, all thyrotoxic patients displaying diabetic glucose intolerance after a return to the euthyroid state should be considered to have permanent diabetes mellitus until proved otherwise. (Arch Intern Med 135:1477-1480,1975) References 1. Dumontpallier: Goitre exophthalmique et glycosurie chez la même malade. Compt Rend Soc Biol 19:116, 1867. 2. Kozak GP: Diabetes and other endocrinologic disorders , in Marble A, White P, Bradley RF, et al: Joslin's Diabetes Mellitus , ed 11. Philadelphia, Lea & Febiger, 1971, pp 671-675. 3. John HJ: Hyperthyroidism showing carbohydrate metabolism disturbances: Ten years' study and follow up of cases. JAMA 99:620-627, 1932.Crossref 4. Kreines K, Jett M, Knowles HC Jr: Observations in hyperthyroidism of abnormal glucose tolerance and other traits related to diabetes mellitus. Diabetes 14:740-744, 1965. 5. Doar JWH, Stamp TCB, Wynn V, et al: Effects of oral and intravenous glucose loading in thyrotoxicosis: Studies of plasma glucose, free fatty acid, plasma insulin, and blood pyruvate levels. Diabetes 18:633-639, 1969. 6. Surks MI, Schadlow AR, Oppenheimer JH: A new radioimmunoassay for plasma L-triiodothyronine: Measurements in thyroid disease and in patients maintained on hormonal replacement. J Clin Invest 51:3104-3113, 1972.Crossref 7. Hoffman WS: A rapid photoelectric method for the determination of glucose in blood and urine. J Biol Chem 120:51-55, 1937. 8. Fajans SS, Conn JW, cited in Fajans SS: Diagnostic tests for diabetes mellitus , in Williams RH (ed): Diabetes . New York, Paul B Hoeber Inc, 1960, pp 389-422. 9. Andres R: Relation of physiologic changes in aging to medical changes of disease in the aged. Mayo Clin Proc 42:674-684, 1967. 10. Hayner NS, Kjelsberg MO, Epstein FH, et al: Carbohydrate tolerance and diabetes in a total community, Tecumseh, Michigan: I. Effects of age, sex, and test conditions on one-hour glucose tolerance in adults. Diabetes 14:413-423, 1965. 11. Wilkerson HLC, Krall LP, Butler FK: Diabetes in a New England town: III. A comprehensive baseline study in Oxford, Mass. JAMA 169:910-914, 1959.Crossref 12. Abt AF: Hyperthyroidism and diabetes. Metabolism 11:202-212, 1962. 13. Holst J: Glycosuria and diabetes in exophthalmic goiter. Acta Med Scand 55:302-322,1921.Crossref 14. Houssay BA: Thyroid and metathyroid diabetes. Endocrinology 35:158-172, 1944.Crossref 15. Danowski TS, Bonessi JV, Sarver ME, et al: Hydrocortisone and/or dessicated thyroid in physiologic dosage: XIII. Carbohydrate metabolism during large dosage thyroid (Proloid) therapy. Metabolism 13:739-746, 1964.Crossref 16. Erle G, Federspil G, Casara D, et al: Effects of l-triiodothyronine on insulin secretion in man. Harm Metab Res 5:230, 1973.Crossref 17. Kwan CW, Gustafson G, Bronstein D, et al: Human pancreatic alpha cell function in thyrotoxicosis induced by administration of triiodothyronine. Clin Res 22:165A, 1974. 18. Simkins S: Antithyroglobin antibodies in diabetes mellitus. Diabetes 17:136-140, 1968. 19. Bastenie PA, Vanhaelst L, Bonnyns M, et al: Preclinical hypothyroidism: A risk factor for coronary heart disease. Lancet 1:203-204, 1971.Crossref 20. Pettit MD, Landing BH, Guest GM: Antithyroid antibodies in juvenile diabetics. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 21:209-210, 1961.Crossref 21. Hassan THA, Greig WR, Boyle JA, et al: Toxic diffuse goitre in monozygotic twins. Lancet 2:306-309, 1966.Crossref
Coe, Fredric L.;Firpo, John J.
doi: 10.1001/archinte.1975.00330110075010pmid: N/A
Abstract • Circulating levels of immunoreactive parathyroid hormone were measured in six patients with distal renal tubular acidosis before and during two years of longterm alkali therapy. Parathyroid hormone level was elevated modestly in five patients before treatment and fell, gradually, during treatment to normal or near normal levels. Urine calcium level fell, serum calcium level rose, and renal phosphorus reabsorption rose during treatment. Stopping treatment briefly caused reversion of serum parathyroid hormone and calcium levels and renal phosphorus reabsorption to pretreatment values within eight weeks. Mild hyperparathyroidism is present in renal tubular acidosis and reverses with alkali treatment. (Arch Intern Med 135:1485-1489,1975) References 1. Albright F, Reifenstein EC: Parathyroid Glands and Metabolic Bone Disease . Baltimore, Williams & Wilkins Co, 1948, pp 227-262. 2. Greenberg AJ, McNamara H, McCroy WW: Metabolic balance studies in primary renal tubular acidosis: Effects of acidosis on external calcium and phosphorus balances. J Pediatr 69:610-618, 1966.Crossref 3. Albright F, Consolazio WV, Coombs FS, et al: Metabolic studies and therapy in a case of nephrocalcinosis with rickets and dwarfism. Bull Johns Hopkins Hosp 66:7-33, 1940. 4. Cooke RE, Kleeman CR: Distal tubular dysfunction with renal calcification. Yale J Biol Med 23:199-206, 1950. 5. Pines KL, Mudge GH: Renal tubular acidosis with osteomalacia. Am J Med 11:302-311, 1951.Crossref 6. Nash MA, Torrado AD, Greifer I, et al: Renal tubular acidosis in infants and children. J Pediatr 80:738-748, 1972.Crossref 7. Michelis MF, Drash AL, Linarelli LG, et al: Decreased bicarbonate threshold and renal magnesium wasting in a sibship with renal tubular acidosis. Metabolism 21:905-920, 1972.Crossref 8. Drinkard JP, Lee DBN, Gonick HC: Parathormone (PTH) and 47 calcium kinetics changes with alkali treatment of renal tubular acidosis (RTA) , in Proceedings of the Third Annual Meeting of the American Society of Nephrology. Washington, DC, American Society of Nephrology, 1969, p 17. 9. Butler AM, Wilson JL, Farber S: Dehydration and acidosis with calcification of renal tubules. J Pediatr 8:489-499, 1936.Crossref 10. Govan ADT: Nephrocalcinosis associated with hyperchloremia and low plasma-bicarbonate. Q J Med 19:277-283, 1950. 11. Firpo JJ, Canterbury JM, Segil L, et al: Mechanisms of hyperparathyroidism in distal renal tubular acidosis. Clin Res 20:636, 1972. 12. Wrong O, Davies HEF: The excretion of acid in renal disease. Q J Med 28:259-311, 1959. 13. Morris RC, Sebastian A, McSherry E: Renal acidosis. Kidney Int 1:322-340, 1972.Crossref 14. Coe FL, Canterbury JM, Firpo JJ, et al: Evidence for secondary hyperparathyroidism in idiopathic hypercalciuria. J Clin Invest 52:134-142, 1973.Crossref 15. Canterbury JM, Reiss E: Multiple immunoreactive molecular forms of parathyroid hormone in human serum. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 140:1393-1398, 1972.Crossref 16. Albright F, Burnett CH, Parson W, et al: Osteomalacia and late rickets. Medicine 25:399-479, 1946.Crossref 17. Wachman A, Bernstein DS: Parathyroid hormone in metabolic acidosis. Clin Orthop 69:252-263, 1970. 18. Coe FL, Firpo JJ, Hollandsworth DL, et al: Effects of acute and chronic metabolic acidosis on serum immunoreactive parathyroid hormone in man. Kidney Int , to be published. 19. Rodriguez-Soriano J, Edelman CM: Renal tubular acidosis. Ann Rev Med 20:363-382, 1969.Crossref 20. Lemann J, Litzow JR, Lennon EJ: Studies of the mechanism by which chronic metabolic acidosis augments urinary calcium excretion in man. J Clin Invest 46:1318-1328, 1967.Crossref 21. Reiss E, Canterbury JM, Kanter A: Circulating parathyroid hormone concentration in chronic renal insufficiency. Arch Intern Med 124:417-421, 1969.Crossref 22. Reiss E, Canterbury JM, Bercovitz MA, et al: The role of phosphate in the secretion of parathyroid hormone in man. J Clin Invest 49:2146-2149, 1970.Crossref
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