Archives of Internal Medicine

Bean, William B.

doi: 10.1001/archinte.1964.03860110055001pmid: N/A

Abstract The name Bacon is one for us to reckon with. Not only do we have the legacy of Roger Bacon in his early flurry of stirring gusts of turbulence as he marched through the pageant of history with strange new ideas of science, but just consider Francis Bacon. He was one of the few we could name as great architects of ideas and words among all the English speaking people. A few natives of Virginia may remember reading of another "Bacon's rebellion" with its implications and sidelights on the history of our country and its problems today. These should not be overlooked even though they may deal only or mainly with the wrong side of the anticlinical ridge of ideas. It was little more than 400 years ago, the third year of Queen Elizabeth's reign, to be exact Jan 22, 1561, that Francis Bacon was born into one of the

BEAN, WILLIAM B.

doi: 10.1001/archinte.1964.03860110060002pmid: N/A

This article is only available in the PDF format. Download the PDF to view the article, as well as its associated figures and tables. Abstract Central to the problems of communication and exchange of ideas is pronunciation, which is but a portion of the large problem of accent, inflection, emphasis, and stress—the way words clarify or obscure the transfer of ideas. Although we may be temporarily distracted when a foreigner pronounces English with strange garbling we usually do the same to his language. It is all too evident that we are able to butcher the pronunciation of our own too. One of the few traits I can claim to have in common with Abraham Lincoln is the ability to spell any given word three different ways, though long use of several well-worn dictionaries has weakened this habit. I have changed some pronunciations but generally am consistent. One hears people who are so uncertain that they will pronounce a word two or more ways in the same paragraph, hoping the average will be better than opting

FALICOV, RAUL E.;COONEY, DOROTHY F.

doi: 10.1001/archinte.1964.03860110064003pmid: 14215984

Abstract Takayasu's arteritis could be briefly defined as an inflammatory process occurring almost exclusively in females in the reproductive age and most commonly involving the great vessels arising from the aortic arch resulting in stenosis and eventually in obliteration or thrombosis. It has been given various names, such as pulseless disease, aortic arch syndrome, branchial arteritis, chronic subclaviocarotid syndrome, syndrome of obliteration of the supra-aortic branches, brachiocephalic arteritis, young female arteritis, and reversed coarctation. Judge et al1 have discussed the different nomenclatures and preferred the term "Takayasu's arteritis," which we will follow in the present report. It has been said recently1 that the etiology of this disorder remains as obscure today as when Savory first described it in 1856.2 In a few early cases from Japan, tuberculous infection was incriminated, because a positive tuberculin test was present in all of the cases.3 Harbitz4 suspected a streptococcal References 1. Judge, R. D., et al: Takayasu's Arteritis and Aortic Arch Syndrome , Amer J Med 32:379, 1962.Crossref 2. Savory, W. S.: Case of Young Woman in Whom Main Arteries of Both Upper Extremities and of Left Side of Neck Were Throughout Completely Obliterated , Med Chir Trans (London) 39: 205, 1956. 3. Shimizu, K., and Sano, K.: Pulseless Disease , J Neuropath Clin Neurol 1:37, 1951. 4. Harbitz, F.: Bilateral Carotid Arteritis , Arch Path Lab Med 1:499, 1926. 5. Ask-Upmark, E.: On "Pulseless Disease" Outside of Japan , Acta Med Scand 149:161, 1954.Crossref 6. Ask-Upmark, E., and Fajers, C. M.: Further Observations on Takayasu's Syndrome , Acta Med Scand 155:275, 1956.Crossref 7. Birke, G.; Ejrup, B.; and Olhagen, B.: Pulseless Disease: Clinical Analysis of Ten Cases , Angiology 8:433, 1957.Crossref 8. Burstein, J.; Lindstrom, B.; and Wasastjerna, C.: Aortic Arch Syndromes: Survey of Five Cases , Acta Med Scand 157:365, 1957.Crossref 9. Sandring, H., and Welin, G.: Aortic Arch Syndrome With Special Reference to Rheumatoid Arteritis , Acta Med Scand 170:1, 1961.Crossref 10. Zvaifler, N. J., and Weintraub, A. M.: Aortitis and Aortic Insufficiency in Chronic Rheumatic Disorders: Reappraisal , Arthritis Rheum 6:241, 1963.Crossref 11. Wickbom, I.: Arteriography in Brachiocephalic Arteritis (Pulseless Disease or Takayasu Syndrome) , Acta Radiol 48:321, 1957.Crossref 12. Strachan, R. W.: Natural History of Takayasu's Arteriopathy , Quart J Med 33:57, 1964. 13. Caccamise, W. C., and Whitman, J. F.: Pulseless Disease: Preliminary Report , Amer Heart J 44:629, 1952.Crossref 14. Ross, R. S., and McKusick, V. A.: Aortic Arch Syndromes: Diminished or Absent Pulses in Arteries Arising From Arch of Aorta , AMA Arch Intern Med 92:701, 1953.Crossref 15. Lessof, M. H., and Glynn, L. E.: Pulseless Syndrome , Lancet 1:799, 1959.Crossref 16. Miller, G. A. N.; Thomas, M. L.; and Medd, W. E.: Aortic Arch Syndrome and Polymyositis With LE Cells in Peripheral Blood , Brit Med J 1:721, 1963. 17. Jerveli, A.: Pulseless Disease , Amer Heart J 47:780, 1954.Crossref

GOLDMAN, RALPH;GOODWIN, WILLARD E.;KAUFMAN, JOSEPH J.;MARTIN, DONALD C.;GLASSOCK, RICHARD J.;NOUROK, DAVID S.

doi: 10.1001/archinte.1964.03860110071004pmid: 14215985

Abstract Human renal homotransplantation has been attempted since 1936.1 In 1956 Merrill et al2 reported the first successful renal homotransplantation, an isotransplantation between identical twins. This success demonstrated that technical problems of transplantation need not be a barrier if immunologic aspects could be brought under control. Attempts at transplantation were then accelerated, and various methods were introduced in an attempt to modify the rejection reaction. Promising results were obtained using sublethal total body irradiation,3 but difficulties have led to its abandonment by all but a few investigators.4 Chemical immunosuppression was introduced after demonstration by Schwartz and Dameshek that mercaptopurine (6-mercaptopurine) could impair the immunologic response.5 Azathioprine (Imuran, BW-57-322), a derivative of mercaptopurine, is now the most widely used drug for this purpose. Because of its bone marrow toxicity, relatively small maintenance doses are used. Azathioprine is augmented by actinomycin C and large doses of prednisone when References 1. Voronoy, V.: Sobre el bloqueo del aparato retículoendotelial del hombre en algunas formas de intoxicación por el sublimado y sobre la transplantación del riñón cadavérico como métode de tratamiento de la anuria consecutiva a aquella intoxicación , Siglo Med 97:296-298 ( (March 21) ) 1936. 2. Merrill, J. P., et al: Successful Homotransplantation of Human Kidney Between Identical Twins , JAMA 160:277, 1956.Crossref 3. Dealy, J. B., Jr., et al: Total Body Irradiation in Man: Tissue Patterns Observed in Attempts to Increase Receptivity of Renal Homografts , Ann NY Acad Sci 87:572, 1960.Crossref 4. Proceedings Human Kidney Transplant Conference , Transplantation 2:147, 1964.Crossref 5. Schwartz, R., and Dameshek, W.: Drug-Induced Immunological Tolerance , Nature 183:1682, 1959.Crossref 6. Goodwin, W. E., et al: Human Renal Transplantation: II. Successful Case of Homotransplantation of Kidney Between Identical Twins , Calif Med 97:8, 1962. 7. Hegstrom, R. M., et al: Hemodialysis in Treatment of Chronic Uremia , Trans Amer Soc Artif Intern Organs 7:136, 1961. 8. Porter, K. A., et al: Obliterative Vascular Changes in Four Human Kidney Homotransplants , Brit Med J 2:468, 1963. 9. Goodwin, W. E.; Mims, M. M.; and Kaufman, J. J.: Human Renal Transplantation: III. Technical Problems Encountered in Six Cases of Kidney Homotransplantation , Trans Amer Ass Genitourin Surg 54:116, 1962. 10. Dempster, W. J.: Reassessment of Anurias After Kidney Transplantation , Brit Med J 1:1697, 1963.Crossref 11. Hume, D. M., et al: Experiences With Renal Homotransplantation in Human: Report of Nine Cases , J Clin Invest 34:327, 1955.Crossref 12. Murray, J. E., et al: Kidney Transplantation in Modified Recipients , Ann Surg 156:337, 1962.Crossref 13. Waddell, W. R.: Personal communication to the author. 14. Murray, J. E.; Merrill, J. P.; and Harrison, J. H.: Kidney Transplantation Between Seven Pairs of Identical Twins , Ann Surg 148:343, 1958.Crossref 15. Merrill, J. P., et al: Successful Homotransplantation of Kidney Between Non-Identical Twins , New Eng J Med 262:1251, 1960.Crossref 16. Hamburger, J., et al: Transplantation d'un rein entre jumeaux non monozygotes après irradiation de receveur: Bon fonctionnement au quatrième mois , Presse Med 67:1771, 1959. 17. Starzl, T. E.; Marchioro, T. L.; and Waddell, W. R.: Reversal of Rejection in Human Renal Homografts With Subsequent Development of Homograft Tolerance , Surgery 117:385, 1963. 18. Goodwin, W. E., et al: Human Renal Transplantation: I. Clinical Experiences With Six Cases of Renal Homotransplantation , J Urol 89:13, 1963. 19. Murray, J. E., et al: Prolonged Survival of Human-Kidney Homografts by Immunosuppressive Drug Therapy , New Eng J Med 268:1315, 1963.Crossref 20. Holmes, J. H.: Personal communication to the author. 21. Goldstein, A. E.: Longevity Following Nephrectomy , J Urol 76:31, 1956. 22. Walford, R. L.; Gallagher, R.; and Sjaarda, J. R.: Serologic Typing of Human Lymphocytes With Post-Homograft Immune Serum , Science 144:868, 1964.Crossref 23. Terasaki, P. I.; Marchioro, T. L.; and Starzl, T. E.: Serotyping of Human Lymphocyte Antigens: Preliminary Trials on Long-Term Kidney Homograft Survivors, monograph, Histocompatibility Testing, National Academy of Science, 1964, to be published.

SMITH, R. D.;SIMON, N. M.;del GRECO, F.

doi: 10.1001/archinte.1964.03860110080005pmid: 14215986

Abstract In the course of the past 15 years, dialysis has been employed with increasing frequency for treating patients with chronic renal failure. Acknowledged indications for dialysis include rapid deterioration caused by an intercurrent illness or acute exacerbation of the underlying disease, and relief of azotemia before surgery.1-3 More recently, dialysis has been employed in the management of patients with end-stage kidney disease.4,5 A significant prolongation of life has been obtained in a few patients by a program of "periodic" dialyses performed at intervals of three to seven days.6 Unfortunately, this type of therapy has so many drawbacks and is so costly that it can be made available to a very small minority of carefully selected patients. An alternate approach to the therapy of advanced, chronic renal failure is to employ dialysis on an "intermittent" basis, whenever medical management alone fails to produce relief of uremia. The present References 1. By duration of well-being is meant that time following the first dialysis during which the patient was fully ambulatory and essentially asymptomatic. 2. Merrill, J. P.: Treatment of Renal Failure: Therapeutic Principles in Management of Acute and Chronic Uremia , New York: Grune & Stratton, Inc., 1955. 3. Doyle, J. E.: Extracorporeal Hemodialysis Therapy in Blood Chemistry Disorders , Springfield, Ill: Charles C Thomas, Publisher, 1962, pp 140-158. 4. McCurdy, D. K., and Bluemle, L. W.: Current Status of Hemodialysis , Med Clin N Amer 1043-1056 ( (June) ) 1963. 5. Hegstrom, R. M., et al: Two Years' Experience With Periodic Hemodialysis in Treatment of Chronic Uremia , Trans Amer Soc Artif Intern Organs 8:266, 1962.Crossref 6. Brandon, J. M., et al: Prolongation of Survival by Periodic Hemodialysis in Patients With Chronic Renal Failure , Amer J Med 33:538, 1962.Crossref 7. Lindholm, D. D.; Burnell, J. M.; and Murray, J. S.: Experience in Treatment of Chronic Uremia in Outpatient Community Hemodialysis Center , Trans Amer Soc Artif Intern Organs 9:3, 1963. 8. Olsen, N. S., and Bassett, J. W.: Blood Levels of Urea Nitrogen, Phenol, Guanidine, and Creatinine in Uremia , Amer J Med 10:52, 1951.Crossref 9. Schreiner, G. E., and Maher, J. F.: Uremia: Biochemistry, Pathogenesis, and Treatment , Springfield, Ill: Charles C Thomas, Publisher, 1961, pp 29-32. 10. del Greco, F., and Grumer, H.: Electrolyte and Electrocardiographic Changes in Course of Hemodialysis , Amer J Cardiol 9:43, 1962.Crossref 11. Doolan, P. D., et al: Evaluation of Intermittent Peritoneal Lavage , Amer J Med 26:831, 1959.Crossref 12. Kelemen, W. A., and Kolff, W. J.: Evaluation of Dialysis in Treatment of Chronic Renal Failure , Arch Intern Med 5:608, 1960.Crossref 13. Snedecor, G. W.: Statistical Methods Applied to Experiments in Agriculture and Biology , Ames, Iowa: Iowa State College Press, 1956. 14. Strauss, M. B., and Raisz, L. G.: Clinical Management of Renal Failure , Springfield, Ill: Charles C Thomas, Publisher, 1956, pp 90-94. 15. Berlyne, G. M., et al: Protein Loss in Peritoneal Dialysis , Lancet 1:738 ( (April 4) ) 1964.Crossref 16. Brown, H. W., et al: Clinical Problems Related to Prolonged Artificial Maintenance of Life by Hemodialysis in Chronic Renal Failure , Trans Amer Soc Artif Intern Organs 8:28, 1962. 17. del Greco, F., et al: Clinical Experience With Periodic Hemodialysis and Peritoneal Dialysis, unpublished observations.

CLUBB, JOHN S.;POSEN, SOLOMON;NEALE, FRANK C.

doi: 10.1001/archinte.1964.03860110086006pmid: 14215987

Abstract Increases in serum γ-globulin above normal levels are common. They occur in a large variety of conditions 1 and are divided on the basis of paper electrophoresis into "narrow band" and "diffuse" types.2 Narrow band aggregates of protein, traveling in the γ-zone, are known as "Myeloma" or "M" type proteins. They are most frequently seen in association with multiple myeloma3 although they have been reported in a number of other conditions 4 and in one apparently normal blood donor.5 Once abnormal protein bands have developed, they almost invariably persist. Osserman,6 describing 24 patients with narrow band γ-globulin elevation, states that in no instance did the abnormal protein diminish in concentration or disappear. Waldenstrom,3 in an extensive review of patients with hypergammaglobulinemia of the narrow band type, found no instance of reversion to normality. This paper describes a patient with proven hyperthyroidism whose serum proteins on References 1. Ogryzlo, M. A., et al: Serum Proteins in Health and Disease , Amer J Med 27:596-616, 1959.Crossref 2. Waldenstrom, J.: Studies on Conditions Associated With Disturbed Gamma Globulin Formation (Gammopathies) , Harvey Lect 56:211-231, 1960-1. 3. Waldenstrom, J.: "Hypergammaglobulinaemia As Clinical Haematological Problem: Study in the Gammopathies," in Progress in Haematology , edited by L. M. Tocantins, New York: Grune & Stratton, Inc., 1962, vol 3, p 266. 4. Azar, H. A.; Hill, W. T.; and Osserman, E. F.: Malignant Lymphoma and Lymphatic Leukemia Associated With Myeloma-Type Serum Proteins , Amer J Med 23:239-249, 1957.Crossref 5. Laurell, C. B.; Laurell, M. D.; and Waldenstrom, J.: Glycoproteins in Serum From Patients With Myeloma, Macroglobulinemia and Related Conditions , Amer J Med 22:24-36, 1957.Crossref 6. Osserman, E. F.: Natural History of Multiple Myeloma Before Radiological Evidence of Disease , Radiology 71:157-174, 1958.Crossref 7. Rose, G. A.: Determination of Ionised and Ultrafilterable Calcium of Normal Human Plasma , Clin Chimica Acta 2:227-236, 1957.Crossref 8. Laurell, C. B.; Laurell, S.; and Skoog, N.: Buffer Composition in Paper Electrophoresis: Consideration on Its influence With Special Reference to Interaction Between Small Ions and Proteins , Clin Chem 1956, 2, 99. 9. Bohrod, M. A.: Plasmacytosis and Cryoglobulinemia in Cancer , JAMA 164:18-21, 1957.Crossref 10. Brackenridge, C. J., and Csillag, E. R.: Quantitative Electrophoretic Survey of Serum Protein Fractions in Health and Disease , Acta Med Scand 172:66, 1962. 11. Brackenridge, C. J.: Personal communication to the author, 1963. 12. Anderson, A. B., and Ferriman, D.: Macroglobulinaemia , Brit Med J 1:277, 1960.Crossref 13. Burnet, F. M.: Role of Thymus and Related Organs in Immunity , Brit Med J 2:807-811, 1962.Crossref 14. Taft, L. I.: Personal communication to the author, 1964.

doi: 10.1001/archinte.1964.03860110090007pmid: N/A

This article is only available in the PDF format. Download the PDF to view the article, as well as its associated figures and tables. Abstract Call for Papers, Scientific Exhibits, and Motion Pictures for the American Medical Association Annual Meeting Those who desire to present scientific papers before the Section on Internal Medicine of the American Medical Association at the 114th Annual Meeting, June 20-24, 1965, should communicate with the Secretary of the Section, Muir Clapper, MD, Wayne State University School of Medicine, 1400 Chrysler Expressway, Detroit 48207, well in advance of the deadline date, Dec 15, 1964.Those who wish to apply for space in The Scientific Exhibit should request application forms from the Representative to the Scientific Exhibit, Richard V. Ebert, MD, University of Arkansas School of Medicine, Little Rock 72201, or from the Director, Scientific Exhibit Section, Department of Postgraduate Programs, American Medical Association, 535 N Dearborn St, Chicago 60610, well in advance of the deadline date for receipt of applications, Jan 11, 1965.Those who desire to present motion pictures should

HERSKOVIC, TEODORO;BARTHOLOMEW, LLOYD G.;GREEN, PAUL A.

doi: 10.1001/archinte.1964.03860110099009pmid: 14215989

Abstract Although involvement of the small bowel by amyloid disease has been recognized for years, a malabsorption syndrome secondary to amyloid infiltration of the gastrointestinal tract seldom has been reported. This may be misleading, however, for an antemortem diagnosis formerly was difficult to make. Recent observations utilizing peroral1,2 or rectal 3,4 biopsy techniques suggest that the diagnosis of amyloidosis causing a malabsorption syndrome can now be made with relative ease. We have reviewed the records of 103 patients with systemic amyloidosis and found evidence of intestinal malabsorption in 5 of 59 patients with primary amyloidosis and in 1 of 44 with secondary amyloidosis (including those who had associated multiple myeloma).5 The purposes of this paper are (1) to emphasize the occurrence of malabsorption syndrome secondary to amyloidosis and (2) to show the relative ease with which such a diagnosis can be established. We present the six cases encountered in References 1. Green, P. A., et al: Amyloidosis: Appraisal of Intubation Biopsy of Small Intestine in Diagnosis , Gastroenterology 41:452-456 ( (Nov) ) 1961. 2. Rosario, R. do: Aspects clinique et physiopathologique des troubles digestifs de l'amylose primarie, type Portugais , Acta Gastroent Belg 24: 391-399 ( (July) ) 1961. 3. Gafni, J., and Sohar, E.: Rectal Biopsy for the Diagnosis of Amyloidosis , Amer J Med Sci 240:332-336 ( (Sept) ) 1960.Crossref 4. Blum, A., and Sohar, E.: Diagnosis of Amyloidosis: Ancillary Procedures , Lancet 1:721-723 ( (April 7) ) 1962.Crossref 5. Kyle, R. A., and Bayrd, E. D.: "Primary" Systemic Amyloidosis and Myeloma: Discussion of Relationship and Review of 81 Cases , Arch Intern Med 107:344-353 ( (March) ) 1961.Crossref 6. Wang, C. C., and Robbins, L. L.: Amyloid Disease: Its Roentgen Manifestations , Radiology 66:489-501 ( (April) ) 1956.Crossref 7. Bero, G. L.: Amyloidosis: Its Clinical and Pathologic Manifestations, With Report of 12 Cases , Ann Intern Med 46:931-955 ( (May) ) 1957.Crossref 8. Golden, Abner: Primary Systemic Amyloidosis of Alimentary Tract , Arch Intern Med 75:413-416 ( (June) ) 1945.Crossref 9. Adlersberg, D., and Schein, J.: Clinical and Pathologic Studies in Sprue , JAMA 134:1459-1467 ( (Aug 23) ) 1947.Crossref 10. Findley, J. W., Jr., and Adams, W.: Primary Systemic Amyloidosis Simulating Constrictive Pericarditis: With Steatorrhea and Hyperesthesia , Arch Intern Med 81:342-351 ( (March) ) 1948.Crossref 11. Briggs, G. W.: Amyloidosis , Ann Intern Med 55:943-957 ( (Dec) ) 1961.Crossref 12. Beddow, R. M., and Tilden, I. L.: Malabsorption Syndrome Due to Amyloidosis of the Intestine Secondary to Lepromatous Leprosy: Report of Case , Ann Intern Med 53:1017-1027 ( (Nov) ) 1960.Crossref 13. Kimball, K. G.: Amyloidosis in Association With Neoplastic Diseases: Report of Unusual Case and Clinicopathological Experience at Memorial Center for Cancer and Allied Diseases During 11 Years (1948-1958) , Ann Intern Med 55:958-974 ( (Dec) ) 1961.Crossref 14. Andrade, quoted by Rosario, R. do.2 15. Dahlin, D. C.: Amyloidosis , Proc Mayo Clin 24:637-648 ( (Dec 21) ) 1949. 16. Page, L. B., et al: Renal Amyloidosis and Nephrotic Syndrome , New Eng J Med 267:37-45 ( (July) ) 1962.Crossref 17. Stauffer, M. H., et al: Amyloidosis: Diagnosis With Needle Biopsy of Liver in 18 Patients , Gastroenterology 41:92-96 ( (August) ) 1961.

KRAMER, PHILIP;POPE, CHARLES E.

doi: 10.1001/archinte.1964.03860110104010pmid: 14215990

Abstract No etiologic agent can be demonstrated in spite of thorough medical investigation in many patients suffering from chronic diarrhea. Among these patients are some who cause themselves to have chronic diarrhea by the surreptitious ingestion of laxatives. We would like to describe three such patients with self-induced diarrhea due to the ingestion of phenolphthalein-containing laxatives and to emphasize a simple method which allows detection of such patients. Case 1. —A 34-year-old medical secretary was seen in consultation with a history of 18 years of intermittent diarrhea consisting of 6-8 liquid stools a day which occasionally contained mucus. Her 58-year-old mother had ulcerative colitis. The patient had been thought to have ulcerative colitis by competent gastroenterologists in another institution. On examination, she was found to be in better physical condition than her history would lead one to expect. Sigmoidoscopy was essentially normal with "questionable slight friability of the mucosa." A barium References 1. French, J. M.; Gaddie, R.; and Smith, N.: Diarrhea Due to Phenolphthalein , Lancet 1:551-553, 1956.Crossref 2. Plum, G. E.; Weber, H. M.; and Sauer, W. G.: Prolonged Cathartic Abuse Resulting in Roentgen Evidence Suggestive of Enterocolitis , Amer J Roentgen 83:919-925, 1960. 3. Gastard, J., and Goiffon, B. A.: Apropos du depistage des fausse diarrhées entretenues par la phénolphtaleine , Arch Mal Appar Dig 49:627-629, 1960.

RODGERS, JOHN B.;MALLORY, G. KENNETH;DAVIDSON, CHARLES S.

doi: 10.1001/archinte.1964.03860110107011pmid: 14215991

Abstract Massive hepatic necrosis ("acute yellow atrophy") is an uncommon but usually fatal disease of often uncertain etiology. In this paper we are presenting a ten and one-half year retrospective study designed to uncover clues as to pathogenesis and information on the clinical course. The disease entity we considered is thought to be frequently the result of hepatitis, presumably of viral origin, although certain drugs, such as cinchophen,1 zoxazolamine,2 and iproniazid 3,4 are believed occasionally to produce an indistinguishable lesion. In the last six years anesthesia with halothane has been thought to cause a similar clinical syndrome and pathologic lesion.5-10 New drugs have been marketed at an accelerating rate. At least a few of these are likely to have as yet undiscovered hepatotoxic properties that could result in fatal liver cell necrosis. In this study any drug administered was considered as the possible cause of the hepatic necrosis References 1. Lenzner, A. R.; Lockie, L. M.; and Becker, C. F.: Acute Yellow Atropy Following Cinchophen Administration , New Eng J Med 236:500-504, 1947.Crossref 2. Hoffbauer, F. W.; Nelson, O. L. N.; Wagner, D. J.; and Knutsen, A.: Fatal Liver Necrosis in Two Patients Receiving Zoxazolamine , Gastroenterology 34:1048, 1958. 3. Frantz, A. G.: Fatal Jaundice Associated With Iproniazid (Marsilid) Therapy , JAMA 167:987-988, 1958.Crossref 4. Popper, H.: Pathological Findings in Jaundice Associated With Iproniazid Therapy , JAMA 168:2235-2242, 1958.Crossref 5. Temple, R. L.; Cote, R. A.; and Gorens, S. W.: Massive Hepatic Necrosis Following General Anesthesia , Anesth Analg (Cleveland) 41:586-592, 1962. 6. Gordon, J.: Jaundice Associated With Halothane Anaesthesia , Anaesthesia 18:299-301, 1963.Crossref 7. Lindenbaum, J., and Leifer, E.: Hepatic Necrosis Associated With Halothane Anesthesia , New Eng J Med 268:525-530, 1963.Crossref 8. Brody, G. L., and Sweet, R. B.: Halothane Anesthesia As Possible Cause of Massive Hepatic Necrosis , Anesthesiology 24:29-37, 1963.Crossref 9. Bunker, J. P., and Blumenfeld, C. M.: Liver Necrosis After Halothane Anesthesia: Cause or Coincidence , New Eng J Med 268:531-534, 1963.Crossref 10. Tornetta, F. J., and Tamaki, H. T.: Halothane Jaundice and Hepatotoxicity , JAMA 184: 658-660, 1963.Crossref 11. Crawford, S. E., and Jones, C. K.: Fatal Liver Necrosis and Diphenylhydantoin Sensitivity , Pediatrics 30:595-600, 1962. 12. Gropper, A. L.: Diphenylhydantoin Sensitivity: Report of Fatal Case With Hepatitis and Exfoliative Dermatitis , New Eng J Med 254:522-523, 1956.Crossref 13. Klatskin, G.: "Toxic and Drug-Induced Hepatitis," in Schiff, L.: Diseases of the Liver , ed 2, Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott Co., 1963, p 453-538. 14. Merritt, A. D., and Fetter, B. F.: Toxic Hepatic Necrosis (Hepatitis) Due to Isoniazid: Report of Case With Cirrhosis and Death Due to Hemorrhage From Esophageal Varices , Ann Intern Med 50:804-810, 1959.Crossref 15. Gellis, S. N., and Murphy, R. V.: Hepatitis Following Isoniazid , Dis Chest 28:462-464, 1955.Crossref 16. Miyai, K., and Ruebner, B. H.: Acute Yellow Atrophy, Cirrhosis and Hepatoma , Arch Path 75: 609-617, 1963. 17. Caravati, C. M., and Wootton, P.: Acute Massive Hepatic Necrosis With Fatal Liver Failure , Southern Med J 55:1268-1277, 1962.Crossref 18. Sims, J. L., et al: Influence of Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide Levels During Anesthesia Upon Postsurgical Hepatic Damage , J Lab Clin Med 38:388-396, 1951. 19. Morris, L. E., and Feldman, S. A.: Influence of Hypercarbia and Hypotension Upon Liver Damage Following Halothane Anesthesia , Anaesthesia 18:32-40, 1963.Crossref 20. Ellenberg, M., and Osserman, K. E.: Role of Shock in the Production of Central Liver Cell Necrosis , Amer J Med 11:170-178, 1951.Crossref 21. Haber, M. H.; Brown, W.T.; and Schneider, K. A.: Ischemic Necrosis of Multiple Organs in Prolonged Shock , JAMA 183:1107-1109, 1963.Crossref 22. Calvert, D. N., and Brody, T. M.: Role of the Sympathetic Nervous System in CCl4 Hepatotoxicity , Amer J Physiol 198:669-676, 1960. 23. Hamelberg, W., et al: Catechol Amine Levels During Light and Deep Anesthesia , Anesthesiology 21:297-302, 1960.Crossref