Archives of Internal Medicine

FRIED, B. M.

doi: 10.1001/archinte.1943.00210110002001pmid: N/A

Abstract Since Hippocrates reported his observation on the occurrence of fusiform swelling of the terminal phalanges in persons with consumption this phenomenon has been noted repeatedly by physicians, who, though ignorant of its pathogenesis, nevertheless attached great significance to its appearance in wasting patients. The French physician Pigeaux1 wrote in 1832: "The secret and almost mysterious relationship between phthisis and the state of nails evidently shows that older physicians were inclined to attach importance to small details which even in the 19th century represent elements of good diagnosis." Interested in small details, physicians of the past overlooked, however, another detail, namely, that fusiform thickening of the phalanges sometimes accompanies a diffuse involvement of the skeleton. When similar widespread lesions were observed, they were not associated with the clubbed fingers and were not looked on as a sequel of a visceral disease, such as a disease of the lungs or heart, References 1. Pigeaux, J.: Arch. gén. de méd. 29:174, 1832. 2. Marie, P.: Rev. de méd. 10:1, 1890. 3. Bamberger, E.: Ztschr. f. klin. Med. 18:193, 1891. 4. Fried, B. M: Am. J. Cancer 20:791, 1934.Crossref 5. Touraine, A.; Solente, G., and Golé, L.: Presse méd. 43:1820, 1935. 6. Golé, L.: Un syndrome ostéo-dermopathique, Thesis, Paris, Vigot frères, 1935. 7. Brugsch, H. G.: Acropachyderma with Pachyperiositis , Arch. Int. Med. 68:687 ( (Oct.) ) 1941.Crossref 8. Crump, C.: Virchows Arch. f. path. Anat. 271:467, 1929.Crossref 9. Friedrich, N.: Virchows Arch. f. path. Anat. 43:63, 1868. 10. Sternberg, M.: Acromegaly , London, New Sydenham Society, 1899. 11. Fried, B. M.: Primary Carcinoma of the Lungs , Baltimore, Williams & Wilkins Company, 1932, p. 117. 12. Fort, A. J. A.: Anatomie et physiologie du poumon considéré comme organ de sécrétion , Paris, A. Delahaye, 1867. 13. Roger, G. H., and Binet, L.: Rev. de méd. 42:1, 1925. 14. Aschoff, L.: Ztschr. f. d. ges. exper. Med. 50:52, 1926. 15. Fried, B. M.: Defensive and Metabolic Apparatus of Lungs , Arch. Path. 6:1008 ( (Dec.) ) 1928 16. Lungs and Macrophage System , Fried Arch. Path. 17:76 ( (Jan.) ) 1934.

BACON, DONALD K.

doi: 10.1001/archinte.1943.00210110018002pmid: N/A

Abstract Prior to the work of Woehler, who synthesized urea more than a century ago, vital processes and products were considered inseparable from the living body, and the doctrine of vitalism proclaimed them forever beyond the poor power of mankind to understand or reproduce. The tiny crack produced by Woehler in the structure was enlarged by many others, and vitalism is long since defunct. Among the ruins, however, there remains hidden certain knowledge which still awaits excavation. It is with such a fragment, namely the enigma of immunity, that this report is concerned. THEORY It has long been recognized that antibodies are carried in close association with the globulin fraction of the blood plasma. While certain workers, notably Huntoon1 and Olitzki and Frankel,2 attempted to separate them from all protein substances, others considered that this is impossible and accepted the belief that they are themselves globulins of a specialized References 1. Huntoon, F. M.: Pneumococcus Antibody Solution , J. Lab. & Clin Med. 11:759-762 ( (May) ) 1926. 2. Olitzki, L., and Frankel, M.: Absorption and Elution of Antibodies from Various Antisera , Proc. Soc. Exper. Biol. & Med. 28:492-494 ( (Feb.) ) 1931. 3. Frankel, M.: Method of Separating Antibodies from Serum Proteins: Investigation on Protein-Free Antibody , Proc. Roy. Soc., London, s.B 111:165-174 ( (July 1) ) 1932. 4. Felton, L. D.: Pneumococcus Antibodies—What Are They? Science 79:277-279 ( (March 23) ) 1934. 5. Svensson, H.: Fractionation of Serum with Ammonium Sulfate and Water Dialysis Studied by Electrophoresis , J. Biol. Chem. 139:805-815 ( (June) ) 1941. 6. Kabat, E. A.: The Molecular Weight of Antibodies , J. Exper. Med. 69:103-118 ( (Jan.) ) 1939. 7. Kekwick, R. A.: Constitution of Some Antitoxic Horse Sera , Chem. & Indust. 60:486 ( (June 28) ) 1941. 8. van der Scheer, J.; Wyckoff, R. W. G., and Clarke, F. H.: Electrophoretic Analysis of Several Hyperimmune Horse Sera , J. Immunol. 39:65-71 ( (July) ) 1940. 9. van der Scheer, J.; Lagsdin, J. B., and Wyckoff, R. W. G.: Electrophoretic and Ultracentrifugal Analysis of Antipneumococcal Horse Sera , J. Immunol. 41:209-223 ( (June) ) 1941. 10. Pappenheimer, A. M.; Lundgren, H. P., and Williams, J. W.: Studies on the Molecular Weight of Diphtheria Toxin, Antitoxin and Their Reaction Products , J. Exper. Med. 71: 247-262 ( (Feb.) ) 1940. 11. Marrack, J. R.: Immunochemistry , in Luck, J. M.: Annual Review of Biochemistry , Stanford University, Calif., Stanford University Press, 1942, vol. 11, pp. 629-654. 12. Rosenau, M. J.: Preventive Medicine and Hygiene , ed. 6, New York, D. Appleton-Century Company, Inc., 1935, p. 643. 13. Sabin, F. R.: Cellular Reactions to a Dye-Protein with a Concept of the Mechanism of Antibody Formation , J. Exper. Med. 70:67-82 ( (July) ) 1939. 14. Cannon, P. R.: Antibodies and the Protein Reserves , J. Immunol. 44:107-114 ( (June) ) 1942. 15. Heidelberger, M.: Immunochemistry , in Luck, J. M.: Annual Review of Biochemistry , Stanford University, Calif., Stanford University Press, 1935, vol. 4, pp. 569-586. 16. Tileston, W., and Comfort, C. W., Jr.: The Total Non-Protein Nitrogen and the Urea of the Blood in Health and Disease as Estimated by Folin's Method , Arch. Int. Med. 14:620-649 ( (Nov.) ) 1914. 17. Wakeman, A. M., and Morrell, C. A.: Chemistry and Metabolism in Experimental Yellow Fever in Macacus Rhesus Monkeys: Concentration of Nonprotein Nitrogenous Constituents in Experimental Yellow Fever in Macacus Rhesus Monkeys , Arch. Int. Med. 46:290-305 ( (Aug.) ) 1930. 18. Guyer, M. F., and Lepkovsky, S.: Immunization and the Nitrogenous Constituents of the Blood , J. Immunol. 16:175-208 ( (March) ) 1929. 19. Linton, R. W.: Blood Chemical Changes in Experimental Streptococcus Septicaemia , J. Exper. Med. 54:223-231 ( (Aug.) ) 1931. 20. Hurwitz, S. H., and Meyer, K. F.: The Serum-Globulins in Infection and Immunity , J. Exper. Med. 24:515-546 ( (Nov.) ) 1916. 21. Hurwitz, S. H., and Whipple, G.: The Albumin-Globulin Ratio in Experimental Intoxications and Infection , J. Exper. Med. 25:231-253 ( (Feb.) ) 1917. 22. Wiener, H. J., and Wiener, R. E.: Plasma Proteins , Arch. Int. Med. 46:236-265 ( (Aug.) ) 1930. 23. Lovett, B. R.: Quantitative Relation of Serum Albumin and Globulin , Arch. Path. 4:984-1024 ( (Dec.) ) 1927. 24. Rowe, A. H.: Albumin and Globulin Content of Human Blood Serum , Arch. Int. Med. 18:455-473 ( (Oct.) ) 1916.Crossref 25. Schoch, A.: Ueber Eiweiss-schwankungen im Blutserum bei akuten Infektionskrankheiten , Schweiz. med. Wchnschr. 56:1017-1022 ( (Oct. 23) ) 1926. 26. Starlinger, W.: Ueber das Verhalten der zirkulierenden Eiweisskörper des menschlichen Plasmas unter normalen und krankhaften Bedingungen , Deutsche med. Wchnschr. 54:731-733 ( (May 4) ) 1928.Crossref 27. Balcar, J. O.; Sansum, W. D., and Woodyatt, R. T.: Fever and the Water Reserve of the Body , Arch. Int. Med. 24:116-128 ( (July) ) 1919.Crossref 28. Bacon, D. K.; Anslow, R. E., and Eppler, H. H.: Intestinal Obstruction , Arch. Surg. 3:641-654 ( (Nov.) ) 1921.Crossref 29. Bacon, D. K.; Novy, F. O., and Eppler, H. H.: Factors in Leukocytosis , Arch. Int. Med. 30:229-239 ( (Aug.) ) 1922.Crossref 30. Bacon, D. K.: Blood Transfusion in the Treatment of Sepsis , Minnesota Med. 18: 30-34 ( (Jan.) ) 1935. 31. Moll, L.: Ueber künstliche Umwandlung von Albumin in Globulin , Beitr. z. chem. Phys. u. Path. 4:563-577, 1903. 32. Pauling, L., and Campbell, D. H.: The Manufacture of Antibodies in Vitro , J. Exper. Med. 76:211-220 ( (Aug.) ) 1942.Crossref 33. Flosdorf, E. W., and Mudd, S.: Procedure and Apparatus for Preservation in "Lyophile" Form of Serum and Other Biological Substances , J. Immunol. 29:389-425 ( (Nov.) ) 1935. 34. Street, J. A.: Studies on the Mechanism of Species Specific Immunity Against Pneumococcus Infection , J. Immunol. 44:53-69 ( (May) ) 1942. 35. van der Scheer, J.; Bohnel, E.; Clarke, F. H., and Wyckoff, R. W. G.: An Electrophoretic Examination of Several Antipneumococcic Rabbit Sera , J. Immunol. 44:165-174 ( (June) ) 1942. 36. Wright, A. E.: On the Need for Abandoning Much in Immunology That Has Been Regarded as Assured , Proc. Roy. Soc. Med. 35:161-186 ( (Jan.) ) 1942. 37. Gortner, R. A.: The Role of Water in Protoplasm , in Luck, J. M.: Annual Review of Biochemistry , Stanford University, Calif., Stanford University Press, 1932, vol. 1, pp. 21-50 38. Water in Its Biochemical Relationships , Gortner Annual Review of Biochemistry , 1934, vol. 3, pp. 1-19.Crossref 39. Jochims, J.: Viscosimetrische Untersuchungen über die Wasserbindung der Plasmakolloide; die Wasserbindung der Eiweisskörper in normalen Blutplasma , Arch. f. d. ges. Physiol. 230:255-262, 1932.Crossref 40. Sunderman, F. W.: The Osmotic Behavior of Water of Blood Serum , J. Biol. Chem. 96:271-283 ( (April) ) 1932. 41. Greenberg, D. M., and Greenberg, M. M.: Ultrafiltration: II. "Bound" Water (Hydration) of Biological Colloids , J. Gen. Physiol. 16:559-569 ( (March) ) 1933.Crossref 42. Robinson, W., and Parsons, E.: Hemorrhage and "Shock" in Traumatized Limbs , Arch. Path. 12:869-888 ( (Dec.) ) 1931. 43. Hayasida, A.: The "Non-Solvent Space" of the Serum and the Chlorine Bound by the Serum Protein , J. Biochem. 18:107-124 ( (July) ) 1933. 44. Sunderman, F. W., and Austin, J. H.: Studies of Serum Electrolytes: VI. Water Metabolism in Pneumonia , Am. J. M. Sc. 179:167-176 ( (Feb.) ) 1930.Crossref 45. Rackemann, F. M.; Longcope, W. T., and Peters, J. P.: The Excretion of Chlorides and Water and the Renal Function in Serum Disease , Tr. A. Am. Physicians 31:215-225, 1916. 46. Schmidt, C. L. A.: Chemistry of the Amino-Acids and Proteins , in Luck, J. M.: Annual Review of Biochemistry , Stanford University, Calif., Stanford University Press, 1932, vol. 1, pp. 151-166 47. The Chemistry of the Amino Acids and Proteins , Schmidt Annual Review of Biochemistry , 1933, vol. 2, pp. 71-91. 48. Astbury, W. F.; Dickinson, L., and Bailey, K.: The X-Ray Interpretation of Denaturation and the Structure of the Seed Globulins , Biochem. J. 29:2351-2360, 1935. 49. Cohn, E. J., and others: Properties and Functions of the Purified Proteins of Animal and Human Plasmas , in Mudd, S., and Thalhimer, W.: Blood Substitutes and Blood Transfusion , Springfield, Ill., Charles C Thomas, Publisher, 1942, pp. 173-180. 50. Barbour, H. G., and Gilman, A.: Heat Regulation and Water Exchange: XVII. The Relation of Serum Osmotic Pressure to the Onset of Fever , J. Pharmacol. & Exper. Therap. 50:277-285 ( (March) ) 1934. 51. Bellis, C. J., and Scott, F. H.: The Alteration of Protein Distribution, in Vitro. Between Corpuscles and Plasma Caused by Isosmotic and Hyperosmotic Solutions , J. Biol. Chem. 111:17-42 ( (Sept.) ) 1935. 52. Fischer, A.: Transformation de la sérumalbumine en sérumglobuline , Compt. rend. Soc. de biol. 108:882-883 ( (Dec. 4) ) 1931. 53. Hooker, S. B., and Boyd, W. D.: Alleged Transformation of Serum Albumin into Serum Globulin , J. Biol. Chem. 100:187-194 ( (March) ) 1933. 54. Scudder, J.: Studies in Blood Preservation: The Stability of Plasma Proteins , Ann Surg. 112:502-519 ( (Oct.) ) 1940. 55. Block, R. J.; Darrow, D. C., and Cary, M. K.: Basic Amino Acids of Serum Proteins , J. Biol. Chem. 104:347-350( (Feb.) ) 1934. 56. Scudder, J., in Mudd, S., and Thalhimer, W.: Blood Substitutes and Blood Transfusion , Springfield, Ill., Charles C Thomas, Publisher, 1942, pp. 126-136.

PETERSON, OSLER L.;DEUTSCH, EMMANUEL;FINLAND, MAXWELL

doi: 10.1001/archinte.1943.00210110031003pmid: N/A

Abstract The presence of damage to the liver is one of the few conditions which are still considered to contraindicate the use of sulfonamide compounds or, at least, to require caution in their administration. Many clinical reports, however, include cases in which these drugs have been successfully used for the treatment of infections in the presence of jaundice of varying intensity and for patients with extensive damage to the liver. Adequate studies of the effects of this form of therapy on the hepatic function in such cases are few. In this paper there is reported a series of 37 patients who presented evidence of acute or chronic damage to the liver and who, for various reasons, received either sulfathiazole or sulfadiazine in full therapeutic doses. In each of their cases some studies were made in an attempt to determine the effect of the sulfonamide therapy on hepatic function. LITERATURE The liver References 1. Harrow, B.; Mazur, A., and Sherwin, C. P.: Studies on Acetylation: The Fate of p-Aminobenzoic Acid in the Rabbit , J. Biol. Chem. 102:35 ( (Sept.) ) 1933. 2. Klein, J. R., and Harris, J. S.: The Acetylation of Sulfanilamide in Vitro , J. Biol. Chem. 124:613 ( (Aug.) ) 1938. 3. Harris, J. S., and Klein, J. R.: Acetylation of Sulfanilamide by Liver Tissue in Vitro , Proc. Soc. Exper. Biol. & Med. 38:78 ( (Feb.) ) 1938. 4. Quick, A. J.: The Synthesis of Hippuric Acid: A New Test of Liver Function , Am. J. M. Sc. 185:630 ( (May) ) 1933 5. The Relationship Between Chemical Structure and Physiological Response: The Conjugation of Substituted Benzoic Acids , J. Biol. Chem. 96:83 ( (April) ) 1932. 6. Stewart, J. D.; Rourke, G. M., and Allen, J. G.: Acetylation of Sulfanilamide , Surgery 5:232 ( (Feb.) ) 1939. 7. Van Winkle, W., Jr., and Cutting, W. C.: Acetylation of Sulfanilamide and Sulfapyridine in the Cat , J. Pharmacol. & Exper. Therap. 69:40 ( (May) ) 1940. 8. Klein and Harris.1b 9. Harris and Klein.1c 10. Van Winkle and Cutting.1g 11. Scudi, J. V.; Ratish, H. D., and Bullowa, J. G. M.: Increased Glycuronate Excretion Following Administration of Sulfapyridine , Science 89:516 ( (June 2) ) 1939. 12. Scudi, J. V., and Robinson, H. J.: Urinary Excretion of Sulfapyridine in the Rat: A Relationship of the Liver to Urolithiasis , Am. J. M. Sc. 201:711 ( (May) ) 1941. 13. Marshall, E. K., Jr., and Litchfield, J. T., Jr.: Determination of Sulfanilamide , Science 88:85 ( (July 22) ) 1938. 14. Davis, H. A.; Harris, L. C., Jr., and Schmeisser, H. C.: Tissue Changes Following Prolonged Administration of Sulfanilamide in Rats , Arch. Path. 25:750 ( (May) ) 1938. 15. Krems, A. D.; Martin, A. W., and Dille, J. M.: Experimental Study of Tolerance to Sulfanilamide in the Albino Rat , J. Pharmacol. & Exper. Therap. 71:215 ( (March) ) 1941. 16. Molitor, H., and Robinson, H.: Some Pharmacological and Toxicological Properties of Sulfanilamide and Benzylsulfanilamide , J. Pharmacol. & Exper. Therap. 65:405 ( (April) ) 1939. 17. Greisheimer, E. M.; Hafkesbring, R., and Magalhaes, H.: Blood Sugar and Liver Glycogen: I. After Single Doses of Sulfanilamide, Sodium Sulfapyridine, and Sodium Sulfathiazole , M. Times, New York 69:170 ( (April) ) 1941. 18. Hafkesbring, R.; Greisheimer, E. M., and Wertenberger, G. E.: Blood Sugar and Liver Glycogen: II. Recovery After Single and Repeated Doses of Sulfonamide Drugs , M. Times, New York 69:467 ( (Nov.) ) 1941. 19. Forbes, J. C.; Leach, B. E., and Williams, G. Z.: Protective Action of Sulfanilamide Against Liver Cirrhosis from Chronic Poisoning with Carbon Tetrachloride , Proc. Soc. Exper. Biol. & Med. 51:47 ( (Oct.) ) 1942. 20. Leach, B. C., and Forbes, J. C.: Sulfonamide Drugs as Protective Agents Against Carbon Tetrachloride Poisoning , Proc. Soc. Exper. Biol. & Med. 48:361 ( (Oct.) ) 1941. 21. Machella, T. E., and Higgins, G. M.: The Effect of Sulfanilamide on the Experimentally Damaged Liver , Am. J. M. Sc. 204:194 ( (Aug.) ) 1942. 22. Hageman, P. O., and Blake, F. G.: A Specific Febrile Reaction to Sulfanilamide: Drug Fever , J. A. M. A. 109:642 ( (Aug. 28) ) 1937. 23. Harvey, A. M., and Janeway, C. A.: The Development of Acute Hemolytic Anemia During the Administration of Sulfanilamide (Para-Aminobenzene Sulfonamide) , J. A. M. A. 109:12 ( (July 3) ) 1937. 24. Bannick, E. G.; Brown, A. D., and Foster, F. P.: Therapeutic Effectiveness and Toxicity of Sulfanilamide and Several Related Compounds: Further Clinical Observations , J. A. M. A. 111:770 ( (Aug. 27) ) 1938.Crossref 25. Berger, S. S., and Applebaum, H. S.: Toxic Hepatitis Due to Sulfanilamide: Report of a Fatal Case with Histopathologic Findings in the Liver , J. Lab. & Clin. Med. 26:785 ( (Feb.) ) 1941. 26. Cantarow, A., and Wirts, C. W.: Hyperbilirubinemia Following Administration of Sulfonamides , J. Lab. & Clin. Med. 28:71 ( (Oct.) ) 1942. 27. Cline, E. W.: Acute Yellow Atrophy of the Liver Following Sulfanilamide Medication , J. A. M. A. 111:2384 ( (Dec. 24) ) 1938. 28. De Bonis, G.: Sull'azione epatotossica dei preparati sulfamidici , Athena 9:248 ( (Aug.) ) 1940 29. abstracted, J. A. M. A. 115:1928 ( (Nov. 30) ) 1940. 30. Fitzgibbon, P., and Silver, B.: Toxic Necrosis of the Liver Following the Use of Sulfanilamide , California & West. Med. 50:123 ( (Feb.) ) 1939. 31. Garvin, C. F.: Toxic Hepatitis Due to Sulfanilamide , J. A. M. A. 111:2283 ( (Dec. 17) ) 1938. 32. Gertlér, W.: Leberparenchymschädigung nach Verabreichung von Prontosil bei chronisch rezidivierendem Erysipel , Dermat. Wchnschr. 106:725 ( (June 25) ) 1939. 33. Greene, C. H., and Hotz, R.: Liver and Biliary Tract: A Review for 1938 , Arch. Int. Med. 63:778 ( (April) ) 1939. 34. Kapnick, I.; Stewart, J. D., and Lyons, C.: Plasma Prothrombin and Liver Function During Sulfonamide Therapy , New England J. Med. 227:944 ( (Dec. 17) ) 1942. 35. Long, P. H.; Haviland, J. W.; Edwards, L. B., and Bliss, E. A.: The Toxic Manifestations of Sulfanilamide and Its Derivatives with Reference to Their Importance in the Course of Therapy , J. A. M. A. 115:364 ( (Aug. 3) ) 1940. 36. Ottenberg, R.: Acute Yellow Atrophy of the Liver Following Sulfanilamide Therapy and Avertin Necrosis , J. Mt. Sinai Hosp. 6:249 ( (Jan.Feb.) ) 1940. 37. Price, A. E., and Myers, G. B.: Treatment of Pneumococcic Pneumonia with Sulfanilamide , J. A. M. A. 112:1021 ( (March 18) ) 1939. 38. Russell, H. K.: Acute Toxic Necrosis of the Liver Following the Use of Sulfanilamide , Ann. Int. Med. 14:168 ( (July) ) 1940. 39. Saphirstein, H.: Hepatitis and Toxic Erythema with Desquamation Due to Sulfanilamide , Urol. & Cutan. Rev. 42:101 ( (Feb.) ) 1938. 40. Spink, W. W.: Sulfanilamide and Related Compounds in General Practice , ed. 2, Chicago, Year Book Publishers, Inc., 1942, p. 294. 41. Spring, M., and Bernstein, I.: The Coexistence of Toxic Hepatitis, Acute Hemolytic Anemia and Renal Damage Following Sulfanilamide Therapy: Report of Two Cases , Ann. Int. Med. 14:153 ( (July) ) 1940. 42. Tragerman, L. J., and Goto, J. M.: Fatal Reactions to Administration of Sulfonamide Drugs , J. Lab. & Clin. Med. 25:1163 ( (Aug.) ) 1940. 43. Watson, C. J.: The Bile Pigments , New England J. Med. 227:665 ( (Oct. 29) ) 44. 705 (Nov. 5) 1942. 45. Watson, C. J., and Spink, W. W.: Effect of Sulfanilamide and Sulfapyridine on Hemoglobin Metabolism and Hepatic Function , Arch. Int. Med. 65:825 ( (April) ) 1940. 46. Bannick, Brown and Foster.12a 47. Fitzgibbon and Silver.12f 48. Garvin.12g 49. Gertlér.12h 50. Ottenberg.12l 51. Saphirstein.12o 52. Berger and Applebaum.12b 53. Cline.12d 54. Greene and Hotz.12i 55. Ottenberg.12l 56. Tragerman and Goto.12r 57. Gertlér.12h 58. Russell.12n 59. Harvey and Janeway11 60. Watson and Spink.12t 61. Schmidt, W.: Leberfunktionsprüfungen bei Therapie mit Sulfamidkörpern , Klin. Wchnschr. 18:953 ( (July 15) ) 1939Crossref 62. abstracted, J. A. M. A. 113:1607 ( (Oct. 21) ) 1939. 63. Cleveland, W. H.: Sulfanilamide Therapy in Presence of Severe Injury to the Liver and Jaundice , Proc. Staff Meet., Mayo Clin. 14:680 ( (Oct. 25) ) 1939. 64. Ottenberg, R., and Berck, M.: Sulfanilamide Therapy for Suppurative Pylephlebitis and Liver Abscesses , J. A. M. A. 111:1374 ( (Oct. 8) ) 1938.Crossref 65. Watson, C. J.: The Effect of Sulfanilamide upon the Liver , Surgery 5:616 ( (April) ) 1939 66. footnote 12s. 67. Dees, J. G.: A Valuable Adjunct in Perforated Appendices , Mississippi Doctor 18:215 ( (Sept.) ) 1940. 68. Jackson, H. C., and Coller, F. A.: The Use of Sulfanilamide in the Peritoneum: Experimental and Clinical Observations , J. A. M. A. 118:194 ( (Jan. 17) ) 1942.Crossref 69. Ravdin, I. S.; Rhoads, J. E., and Lockwood, J. S.: The Use of Sulfanilamide in the Treatment of Peritonitis Associated with Appendicitis , Ann. Surg. 111:53 ( (Jan.) ) 1940.Crossref 70. Boyce, F. F.: The Role of the Liver in Surgery , South. Surgeon 10:56 ( (Jan.) ) 1941. 71. Pearce, A. E.: Intraperitoneal Administration of Sulfanilamide, Correspondence , J. A. M. A. 120:982 ( (Nov. 21) ) 1942.Crossref 72. Mueller, R. S., and Thompson, J. E.: The Local Use of Sulfanilamide in the Treatment of Peritoneal Infections , J. A. M. A. 118:189 ( (Jan. 17) ) 1942,Crossref 73. Thompson, J. E.; Brabson, J. A., and Walker, J. M.: The Intra-Abdominal Application of Sulfanilamide in Acute Appendicitis , Surg., Gynec. & Obst. 72:722 ( (April) ) 1941. 74. Mueller and Thompson.24 75. Antopol, W., and Robinson, H.: Pathologic and Histologic Changes Following Administration of Sulfapyridine, with a Short Note on Sodium Sulfapyridine , Arch. Path. 29:67 ( (Jan.) ) 1940. 76. Feinstone, W. H., and others: The Toxicity, Absorption and Chemotherapeutic Activity of 2-Sufanilamidopyrimidine (Sulfadiazine) , Bull. Johns Hopkins Hosp. 67:427 ( (Dec.) ) 1940. 77. Walker, H. A., and van Dyke, H. B.: Observations on the Toxicology of Sulfathiazole and Some Related Compounds , J. Pharmacol. & Exper. Therap. 71:138 ( (Feb.) ) 1940. 78. Rake, G.; van Dyke, H. B., and Corwin, W. C.: Pathologic Changes Following Prolonged Administration of Sulfathiazole and Sulfapyridine , Am. J. M. Sc. 200:353 ( (Sept.) ) 1940. 79. Brown, W. H.; Thornton, W. B., and Wilson, J. S.: Observations on the Absorption, Distribution and Excretion of Sulfapyridine , J. Clin. Investigation 18:803 ( (Nov.) ) 1939. 80. Brown, W. H.; Thornton, W. B., and Wilson, J. S.: An Evaluation of the Clinical Toxicity of Sulfanilamide and Sulfapyridine , J. A. M. A. 114:1605 ( (April 27) ) 1940. 81. Long, P. H., and Wood, W. B., Jr.: Observations upon the Experimental and Clinical Use of Sulfapyridine: II. The Treatment of Pneumococcic Pneumonia with Sulfapyridine , Ann. Int. Med. 13:487 ( (Sept.) ) 1939. 82. Cutts, F. B., and Bowman, R. O.: Toxic Effects in Man of Overdosage with Sodium Sulfapyridine: Report of a Case , New England J. Med. 225:448 ( (Sept. 18) ) 1941. 83. Leopold, J. S., and Sobel, I. P.: Sulfapyridine Therapy in Pneumonias of Infancy and Childhood , Arch. Pediat. 56:581 ( (Sept.) ) 1939. 84. Erf, L. A., and McLeod, C. M.: Increased Urobilinogen Excretion and Acute Hemolytic Anemia in Patients Treated with Sulfapyridine , J. Clin. Investigation 19:451 ( (May) ) 1940.Crossref 85. Cantarow and Wirts.12c 86. Finland, M.; Lowell, F. C., and Strauss, E.: Treatment of Pneumococcic Pneumonia with Sulfapyridine, Sulfathiazole and Serum , Ann. Int. Med. 14:1184 ( (Jan.) ) 1941.Crossref 87. Brown, Thornton and Wilson.31 88. Climenko, D. R.; McChesney, E. W., and Messer, F.: Continued Administration of Sulfathiazole on Renal and Hepatic Function in the Dog , Proc. Soc. Exper. Biol. & Med. 46: 124 ( (Jan.) ) 1941. 89. Long, P. H.: Thiazole Derivatives of Sulfanilamide: Sulfathiazole and Sulfamethylthiazole , J. A. M. A. 114:870 ( (March 9) ) 1940. 90. Cantarow and Wirts.12c 91. Spink.12p 92. Finland, Lowell and Strauss.36 93. McCarty, W. C., and Finland, M.: Personal communication to the authors. 94. Rammelkamp, C. H.: Personal communication to the authors. 95. Cantarow and Wirts.12c 96. Kapnick, Stewart and Lyons.12j 97. Rothstein, I., and Cohn, S.: Acute Hemolytic Anemia, Autoagglutination, Toxic Hepatitis and Renal Damage Following Sulfathiazole Therapy: Case Report , Ann. Int. Med. 16:152 ( (Jan.) ) 1942. 98. Quick, E. D., and Lord, F. D.: Acute Hemolytic Anemia Following Sulfathiazole Administration: Report of a Case with Recovery , J. A. M. A. 117:1704 ( (Nov. 15) ) 1941. 99. Bunin, J. J., and Israel, M.: Acute Hemolytic Anemia Caused by Sulfathiazole , Ann. Int. Med. 16:333 ( (Feb.) ) 1942. 100. Simon, M. A., and Kaufman, M.: Death Following Sulfathiazole Therapy , Canad. M. A. J. 48:23 ( (Jan.) ) 1943. 101. Lehr, D.; Churg, S., and Antopol, W.: Mechanism of Liver and Kidney Damage Caused by Sodium Sulfamethylthiazole , Proc. Soc. Exper. Biol. & Med. 45:447 ( (Oct.) ) 1940. 102. Finland, M.; Strauss, E., and Peterson, O. L.: Sulfadiazine: Therapeutic Evaluation and Toxic Effects in Four Hundred and Forty-Six Patients , J. A. M. A. 110:2641 ( (June 14) ) 1941. 103. Finland, M.; Peterson, O. L., and Goodwin, R. A., Jr.: Sulfadiazine: Further Clinical Studies of Its Efficacy and Toxic Effects in Four Hundred and Sixty Patients , Ann. Int. Med. 17:920 ( (Dec.) ) 1942. 104. Deutsch, E.: A Fractional Bromsulfalein Test to Determine Liver Damage in the Non-Jaundiced Patient , New England J. Med. 225:171 ( (July 31) ) 1941. 105. Souter, A. W., and Kark, R.: Quick's Prothrombin Test Simplified by the Use of a Stable Thromboplastin , Am. J. M. Sc. 200:603 ( (Nov.) ) 1940. 106. Quick, A. J.; Stanley-Brown, M., and Bancroft, F. W.: A Study of the Coagulation Defect in Hemophilia and in Jaundice , Am. J. M. Sc. 190:501 ( (Oct.) ) 1935. 107. Wallace, G. B., and Diamond, J. S.: The Significance of Urobilinogen in the Urine as a Test for Liver Function, with a Description of a Simple Quantitative Method for Its Estimation , Arch. Int. Med. 35:698 ( (June) ) 1925. 108. Watson, C. J.: Studies of Urobilinogen: I. An Improved Method for the Quantitative Estimation of Urobilinogen in Urine and Feces , Am. J. Clin. Path. 6:458 ( (Sept.) ) 1936. 109. Bratton, A. C., and Marshall, E. K., Jr.: A New Coupling Component for Sulfanilamide Determination , J. Biol. Chem. 128:537 ( (May) ) 1939. 110. The excretion of hippuric acid is, of course, diminished in the presence of renal damage which is associated with retention of nitrogen. 111. Peterson, O. L.; Strauss, E.; Taylor, F. H. L., and Finland, M.: Absorption, Excretion. and Distribution of Sulfadiazine (2-Sulfanilamido-Pyrimidine) , Am. J. M. Sc. 201:367 ( (March) ) 1941. 112. Strauss, E.; Lowell, J. C.; Taylor, F. H. L., and Finland, M.: Observations on the Absorption, Excretion, and Distribution of Sulfanilamide, Sulfapyridine, Sulfathiazole and Sulfamethylthiazole , Ann. Int. Med. 14:1360 ( (Feb.) ) 1941. 113. Curry, J. J.: Acute Agranulocytosis Following Sulfadiazine , J. A. M. A. 119:1502 ( (Aug. 29) ) 1942.Crossref 114. Peterson, O. L.; Goodwin, R. A., Jr., and Finland, M.: Observations on the Urinary Excretion of Sulfadiazine , J. Clin. Investigation 22:659 ( (Sept.) ) 1943.Crossref 115. Janeway, C.: The Sulfonamides: I. Their Mode of Action and Pharmacology , New England J. Med. 227:989 ( (Dec. 24) ) 1942.Crossref 116. Finland, M.; Peterson, O. L., and Strauss, E.: Some Uses and Abuses of Chemotherapy in Pneumonia , New England J. Med. 225:601 ( (Oct. 16) ) 1941.Crossref

NATHANSON, MORRIS H.

doi: 10.1001/archinte.1943.00210110050004pmid: N/A

Abstract The heart is a contractile organ, but it possesses important properties aside from that of contractility. The functions of rhythmicity, conductivity and irritability are also of fundamental importance in cardiac physiology. The clinician's attention is focused mainly on the contractile function of the heart, since the usual methods of examination, palpation of the apical impulse, auscultation of cardiac sounds and inspection of the heart by the fluoroscope, are means by which this property of the heart may be investigated. Furthermore, impairment of contractile efficiency is the basis for the most frequent manifestation of heart disease, congestive heart failure. Rhythmicity is the property of stimulus formation, and since the heart is an automatic organ producing its own stimulus, it is obvious that this function is essential in the normal physiologic processes of the heart. If the rhythmic function is so reduced that no stimulus is produced, there is a sudden cessation References 1. Wiggers, C. J.: The Mechanism and Nature of Ventricular Fibrillation , Am. Heart J. 20:399, 1940.Crossref 2. Levy, A. J., and Lewis, T.: Heart Irregularities Resulting from the Inhalation of Low Percentages of Chloroform Vapour, and Their Relationship to Ventricular Fibrillation , Heart 3:99, 1912. 3. Rothberger, C. J., and Winterberg, H.: Ueber die experimentelle Erzeugung extrasystolischer ventrikulärer Tachycardia durch Accelleranreizung , Arch. f. d. ges. Physiol. 142:461, 1911.Crossref 4. Nahum, L. H., and Hoff, H. E.: The Experimental Production of Ventricular Fibrillation and Its Prevention by β Methyl Acetyl Choline Chloride , Am. J. Physiol. 109:78, 1934. 5. Orth, O. S.; Leigh, M. D.; Mellish, C. H., and Stutzman, J. W.: Action of Sympathomimetic Amines in Cyclopropane, Ether and Chloroform Anaesthesia , J. Pharmacol. & Exper. Therap. 67:1, 1939. 6. Nathanson, M. H.: Pathology and Pharmacology of Cardiac Syncope and Sudden Death , Arch. Int. Med. 58:685 ( (Oct.) ) 1936. 7. Nathanson, M. H.: Site of the Exaggerated Sinus Caroticus Reflex , Proc. Soc. Exper. Biol. & Med. 29:1037, 1932. 8. Albutt, T. C.: Diseases of the Arteries and Angina Pectoris , London, Macmillan & Co., 1915. 9. Cushny, A. R.: Textbook of Pharmacology and Therapeutics , Philadelphia, Lea & Febiger, 1918. 10. Gilbert, N. C.: The Increase of Certain Vagal Effects with Increased Age , Arch. Int. Med. 31:423 ( (March) ) 1923. 11. Sigler, L. H.: Clinical Observations on the Carotid Sinus Reflex , Am. J. M. Sc. 186: 118, 1933. 12. Wenckeback, K. F., and Winterberg, H.: Die unregelmässige Herztätigkeit , Leipzig, Wilhelm Engelmann, 1927, p. 128. 13. Braun, L., and Samet, B.: Vagusdruck und Koronargefass , Deutsches Arch. f. klin. Med. 161:257, 1928. 14. Sigler, L. H.: Hyperactive Cardioinhibitory Carotid Sinus Reflex , Arch. Int. Med. 67:177 ( (Jan.) ) 1941. 15. Eyster, J. A. E., and Meek, W. J.: Studies on the Origin and Conduction of the Cardiac Impulse , Am. J. Physiol. 61:117, 1922. 16. Cohn, A. E.; Kessel, L., and Mason, H. H.: Observations on the Function of the Sino-Auricular Node in the Dog , Heart 2:311, 1912. 17. Lewis, T.: The Mechanism and Graphic Registration of the Heart Beat , London, Shaw & Sons, 1925. 18. Puddu, V.: Concerning the Action of Cardiac Nerves , Arch. f. d. ges. Physiol. 238: 467, 1937. 19. Garrey, W. E., and Bass, G.: Effect of Acetylcholine on Frog's Ventricle , Am. J. Physiol. 119:314, 1937. 20. Nonidez, J. F.: Studies on Innervation of the Heart , Am. J. Anat. 65:361, 1939. 21. Cullis, W. E., and Tribe, E. M.: Distribution of Nerves in the Heart , J. Physiol. 46:141, 1913. 22. Gilchrist, A. R.: The Action of Atropine in Complete Heart Block , Quart. J. Med. 2:483, 1933 23. The Effect of Bodily Rest, Muscular Activity and Induced Pyrexia in Complete Heart Block , Gilchrist Quart. J. Med. 3:381, 1934. 24. Nathanson, M. H.: Effect of Drugs on Cardiac Standstill Induced by Pressure on the Carotid Sinus , Arch. Int. Med. 51:387 ( (March) ) 1933 25. Further Observations on the Effect of Drugs on Induced Cardiac Standstill , Nathanson Arch. Int. Med. 54:111 ( (July) ) 1934.Crossref 26. Lewis, T.; Drury, A. N.; Iliescu, C. C., and Wedd, A. M.: Observations Relating to the Action of Quinidine on the Dog's Heart , Heart 9:55, 1921. 27. Dale, H. H.: Note on the Reversal of Vagus Action by Quinidine as Seen in the Heart of the Cat , Heart 9:87, 1921. 28. Hoff, H. E., and Nahum, L. H.: The Rôle of Adrenaline in the Production of Ventricular Rhythms and Their Suppression by Acetyl-β-Methylcholine Chloride , J. Pharmacol. & Exper. Therap. 52:235, 1934. 29. Starr, I., Jr.: Acetyl-β-Methylcholine: IV. Further Studies of Its Action in Paroxysmal Tachycardia and in Certain Other Disturbances of Cardiac Rhythm , Am. J. M. Sc. 191: 210, 1936.

NATHANSON, LOUIS;FRENKEL, DAVID;JACOBI, MENDEL

doi: 10.1001/archinte.1943.00210110064005pmid: N/A

Abstract Within the past fifteen years lipoid pneumonia has been repeatedly reported in the literature. In almost every reported instance the diagnosis was a pathologic one made on autopsy material. In an occasional case the diagnosis was suggested by the history and the clinical findings, and the subsequent improvement followed discontinuance of the use of various oral and nasal oils.1 In rare instances oil droplets have been visualized bronchoscopically and the diagnosis made in that way. It occurred to us that biopsy of material aspirated from the lungs, a procedure now in use in the study of obscure pulmonary and mediastinal lesions, would be of value, and we were successful in corroborating the suggested roentgenographic diagnosis of lipoid pneumonia in 5 of 10 cases examined in this way. As far as we can determine, this is the first report of lipoid pneumonia demonstrated by aspiration biopsy. REPORT OF CASES Case References 1. Tchekoff, I. G., and Ornstein, G. G.: Bronchopulmonary Disease Attributed to the Use of Intranasal Instillation of Oily Substances , Quart. Bull., Sea View Hosp. 1:139-160 ( (Jan.) ) 1936. 2. Greenwald, H. M.; Nathanson, L., and Steiner, M.: Chronic Pneumonia Associated with Nutritional Disturbances in Infants , Am. J. Roentgenol. 35:454-467 ( (April) ) 1936. 3. Laughlen, G. F.: Studies on Pneumonia Following Nasopharyngeal Injections of Oil , Am. J. Path. 1:407 ( (July) ) 1925. 4. Rabinovitch, J., and Lederer, M.: Lipoid Pneumonia , Arch. Path. 17:160-168 ( (Feb.) ) 1934. 5. Pinkerton, H.: (a) The Reaction of Oils and Fats in the Lungs , Arch. Path. 5:380-401, ( (March) ) 1928 6. Oils and Fats: Their Entrance into and Fate in the Lungs of Infants and Children , Am. J. Dis. Child. 33:259-285 ( (Feb.) ) 1927.Crossref 7. Freiman, D. G.; Engelberg, H., and Merrit, W. H.: Oil Aspiration Pneumonia in Adults , Arch. Int. Med. 66:11-38 ( (July) ) 1940.Crossref

REYNOLDS, FRANK W.;MOHR, CHARLES F.;MOORE, JOSEPH EARLE

doi: 10.1001/archinte.1943.00210110072006pmid: N/A

Abstract The material for this article has been selected from publications which have appeared from July 1942 to June 1943. As in previous reviews,1 it has been necessary rigidly to select material, excluding comparative serologic studies and most case reports. The number of European journals available for review is negligible, but the deficit is offset by the growing interest of Latin American authors in the subject. Because the war has focused attention on the prevention of syphilis, especially among the armed forces, there is an increased number of articles on control of the disease. HISTORY OF SYPHILIS A fascinatingly readable account of syphilis as disclosed in the writings of the Elizabethan playrights and pamphleteers has been contributed by Zimmermann.2 Important historical points are clarified and a vivid picture of daily life in Renaissance Europe depicted. The customs of these times, crude, rough, even bawdy, are portrayed in such a References 1. Moore, J. E.: Syphilis: A Review of the Recent Literature , Arch. Int. Med. 56:1015 ( (Nov.) ) 1935.Crossref 2. Padget, P., and Moore, J. E.: Syphilis: A Review of the Recent Literature , Arch. Int. Med. 58:901 ( (Nov.) ) 1936Crossref 3. 60:887 (Nov.) 1937. 4. Padget, P.; Sullivan, M., and Moore, J. E.: Syphilis: A Review of the Recent Literature , 62:1029 ( (Dec.) ) 1938. 5. Moore, J. E., and Mohr, C. F.: Syphilis: A Review of the Recent Literature , 64:1053 ( (Nov.) ) 1939. 6. Mohr, C. F.; Padget, P., and Moore, J. E.: Syphilis: A Review of the Recent Literature , 66:1112 ( (Nov.) ) 1940. 7. Mohr, C. F.; Padget, P.; Hahn, R., and Moore, J. E.: Syphilis: A Review of the Recent Literature , 69:470 ( (March) ) 1942. 8. Reynolds F. W.; Mohr, C. F., and Moore, J. E.: Syphilis: A Review of the Recent Literature , 70:836 ( (Nov.) ) 1942. 9. Zimmermann, E. L.: (a) Syphilis and the Elizabethan Playrights and Pamphleteers , Am. J. Syph., Gonor. & Ven. Dis. 27:78 ( (Jan.) ) 1943 10. 27:226 (March) 1943. 11. Poirier, P.: Histoire de la syphilis en Amérique , J. de l'Hôtel-Dieu de Montréal 1:64 ( (Jan.-Feb.) ) 1943. 12. Wile, U. J.; Picard, R. G., and Kearny, E. B.: Morphology of Spirochaeta Pallida in the Electron Microscope , J. A. M. A. 119:880 ( (July 11) ) 1942. 13. Wile, U. J., and Kearny, E. B.: The Morphology of Treponema Pallidum in the Electron Microscope: Demonstration of Flagella , J. A. M. A. 122:167 ( (May 15) ) 1943. 14. Morton, H. E., and Anderson, T. F.: Some Morphologic Features of the Nichols Strain of Treponema Pallidum as Revealed by the Electron Microscope , Am. J. Syph., Gonor. & Ven. Dis. 26:656 ( (Sept.) ) 1942. 15. Kast, C. C., and Kolmer, J. A.: A Note on the Cultivation of Treponema Pallidum with the Preservation of Virulence , Am. J. Syph., Gonor. & Ven. Dis. 27:309 ( (May) ) 1943. 16. Wichelhausen, O. W., and Wichelhausen, R. H.: Cultivation and Isolation of Mouth Spirochetes , J. Dent. Research 21:543 ( (Dec.) ) 1942. 17. Ravitch, M. M., and Chambers, J. W.: Spirochetal Survival in Frozen Plasma , Bull. Johns Hopkins Hosp. 71:299 ( (Nov.) ) 1942. 18. Bickers, W.: Congenital Syphilis Acquired by Fetus Before Appearance of Chancre in Mother , Arch. Dermat. & Syph. 46:135 ( (July) ) 1942. 19. Beerman, H., and Severac, M.: The Problem of Treatment-Resistant Syphilis: Further Studies on a Treatment-Resistant Strain of Spirocheta Pallida , J. Invest. Dermat. 5:269 ( (Oct.) ) 1942. 20. Pariser, H.: Studies of the Transmissibility of Syphilis: The Role of the Syphilitic Woman as a Passive Carrier , J. Invest. Dermat. 5:243 ( (Oct.) ) 1942. 21. Pariser, H.: Studies of the Transmissibility of Syphilis: The Infectiousness of the Seminal Fluid of Men with Early Syphilis , J. Invest. Dermat. 5:311 ( (Dec.) ) 1942. 22. Eagle, H.; Hogan, R. B., and Kemp, J. E.: The Importance of the Time Factor in the Evaluation of "Cure" in Syphilitic Rabbits , Am. J. Syph., Gonor. & Ven. Dis. 26:557 ( (Sept.) ) 1942. 23. Worms, W.: Evidence of Cure in Experimental Syphilis When Used for the Evaluation of Chemotherapeutic Preparations , Brit. J. Ven. Dis. 19:15 ( (March) ) 1943. 24. Longley, B. J.; Clausen, N. M., and Tatum, A. L.: The Experimental Production of Primary Optic Atrophy in Monkeys by Administration of Organic Arsenical Compounds , J. Pharmacol. & Exper. Therap. 76:202 ( (Nov.) ) 1942. 25. McDermott, W.; Webster, B.; Baker, R.; Lockhart, J., and Tompsett, R.: Nutritional Degeneration of the Optic Nerve in Rats: Its Relation to Tryparsamide Amblyopia , J. Pharmacol. & Exper. Therap. 77:24 ( (Jan.) ) 1943. 26. Holcomb, R. C.: Pinta; A Treponematosis , U. S. Nav. M. Bull. 40:517 ( (July) ) 1942. 27. Beerman, H.: Pinta—A Review of Recent Etiologic and Clinical Studies , Am. J. M. Sc. 205:611 ( (April) ) 1943. 28. Iriarte, D. R.: En carate en Venezuela , Rev. de med. trop. y parasitol., bacteriol., clin. y lab. 8:75 ( (Nov.-Dec.) ) 1942. 29. Sordelli, A.: Las espiroquetas como antigeno , Rev. argent. dermatosif. 26:777, 1942. 30. Bawden, F. C., and Kleczkowski, A.: The Antigenicity of Non-Precipitating Complexes , Brit. J. Exper. Path. 23:169 ( (Aug.) ) 1942 31. The Effects of Heat on the Serologic Reactions of Antisera , Bawden Brit. J. Exper. Path. 23:178 ( (Aug.) ) 1942. 32. Kidd, J. G., and Friedewald, W. F.: A Natural Antibody That Reacts in Vitro with a Sedimentable Constituent of Normal Tissue Cells: I. Demonstration of the Phenomenon; II. Specificity of the Phenomenon; General Discussion , J. Exper. Med. 76:543 ( (Dec.) ) 1942.Crossref 33. Myers, R. M., and Perry, C. A.: The Occurrence of Zone Reactions in Flocculation Tests for Syphilis , Am. J. Syph., Gonor. & Ven. Dis. 26:494 ( (July) ) 1942. 34. Cannon, P. R.: Antibody Production and the Anamnestic Reaction , J. Lab. & Clin. Med. 28:127 ( (Nov.) ) 1942. 35. Scott, V.: Note on Absence of Syphilitic Reagin and Antigenic Substance in Urine , Bull. Johns Hopkins Hosp. 71:242 ( (Oct.) ) 1942. 36. Steiner, K.: Weltman's Serum Coagulation Reaction in Cases of Dermatoses and of Syphilis , Arch. Dermat. & Syph. 46:87 ( (July) ) 1942. 37. Gray, S. J.: Studies on the Mechanism of the Spinal Fluid Colloidal Gold Reaction , Proc. Soc. Exper. Biol. & Med. 51:401 ( (Dec.) ) 1942. 38. Kabat, E. A.; Moore, D. H., and Landow, H.: An Electrophoretic Study of the Protein Components in Cerebrospinal Fluid and Their Relationship to the Serum Proteins , J. Clin. Investigation 21:571 ( (Sept.) ) 1942. 39. Eagle, H.: Biologic False Positive Serologic Tests for Syphilis, editorial , Am. J. Syph., Gonor. & Ven. Dis. 26:641 ( (Sept.) ) 1942. 40. Arthur, R. D., and Hale, J. M.: Biologic False Positive Tests for Syphilis Associated with Routine Army Immunizations , Mil. Surgeon 92:53 ( (Jan.) ) 1943. 41. Favorite, G. O.: Effects of Smallpox Vaccination (Vaccinia) on Serologic Tests for Syphilis , Proc. Soc. Exper. Biol. & Med. 54:297 ( (April) ) 1943. 42. Lubitz, J. M.: Serologic Reactions Following Smallpox Vaccination , Proc. Inst. Med. Chicago 14:343 ( (Feb.) ) 1943. 43. Kandler, H.: Ueber die Zuverlassigkeit der Seroreaktionen auf Syphilis bei Reihenuntersuchungen von Schwangeren , Arch. f. Dermat. u. Syph. 181:315, 1940. 44. Hill, A.: Nonspecific Serologic Reactions for Syphilis in Infants and Children , J. Pediat. 21:207 ( (Aug.) ) 1942. 45. Kahn, R. L.; Marcus, S.; McDermott, E. B., and Adler, J.: Serologic (Nonsyphilitic) Reaction Approaching Universal Sensitivity , J. Invest. Dermat. 5:459 ( (Dec.) ) 1942. 46. Kahn, R.: A New Verification Method in Serology of Syphilis: A Preliminary Report , Univ. Hosp. Bull., Ann Arbor 8:45 ( (June) ) 1942. 47. Carter, B. B.: The Use of a Quantitative Test in Verification Procedures , Am. J. Syph., Gonor. & Ven. Dis. 26:629 ( (Sept.) ) 1942. 48. Briceño Rossi, A. L.: El valor del verifications test, en la serologia del carate o mal del pinto y buba (pian o yaw) , Rev. san. y asist. Soc. 8:153 ( (Feb.) ) 1943. 49. Souders, C. R.: The Importance of False Negative Blood Tests for Syphilis , Lahey Clin. Bull. 3:27 ( (July) ) 1942. 50. Turner, T. B.: Studies on Syphilis in the Eastern Health District of Baltimore City: I. Principles Concerned in Measuring the Frequency of the Disease , Am. J. Hyg. 37:259 ( (May) ) 1943. 51. Turner, T. B.; Dyar, R.; Clark, E. G., and Birkhead, M. F.: Studies on Syphilis in the Eastern Health District of Baltimore City: II. Discovery Rates as an Index of Trend , Am. J. Hyg. 37:273 ( (May) ) 1943. 52. Rosahn, P. D., and Black-Schaffer, B.: Studies in Syphilis: I. Review of the Incidence of Syphilis in Autopsies on Adults , Arch. Int. Med. 72:78, 1943.Crossref 53. Black-Schaffer, B., and Rosahn, P. D.: Studies in Syphilis: II. Methods of Analysis of Yale Autopsy Protocols, Including a Code for the Punched Card Study of Syphilis , Yale J. Biol. & Med. 15:575 ( (March) ) 1943. 54. Rosahn, P. D., and Black-Schaffer, B.: Studies in Syphilis: III. Mortality and Morbidity Findings in the Yale Autopsy Series , Yale J. Biol. & Med. 15:587 ( (March) ) 1943. 55. Vonderlehr, R. A., and Usilton, L. J.: Syphilis Among Men of Draft Age in the United States , J. A. M. A. 120:1369 ( (Dec. 26) ) 1942. 56. Smillie, W. G.: Syphilis in the United States Primarily a Negro Problem , J. A. M. A. 122:365 ( (June 5) ) 1943. 57. Brumfield, W. A.; Lade, J. H., and Feldman, L. L.: The Epidemiology of Syphilis Based upon Five Years Experience in an Intensive Program in New York State , Am. J. Pub. Health 32:793 ( (Aug.) ) 1942. 58. The problem of Syphilis , Statist. Bull. Metrop. Life Insur. Co. 23:8 ( (Oct.) ) 1942. 59. Burow, F. P.: Fluctuation of Venereal Disease Incidence Among Alien Seamen , Ven. Dis. Inform. 24:45 ( (Feb.) ) 1943. 60. McIlhany, L. W., and Smith, D. C.: Epidemiologic Studies in Syphilis , Virginia M. Monthly 70:130 ( (March) ) 1943. 61. Goodman, H.: Essential Steps for Successful Epidemiology in Syphilis and Other Communicable Venereal Diseases , Am. J. Syph., Gonor. & Ven. Dis. 27:275 ( (May) ) 1943. 62. Packer, H.; McGinnes, G. F., and Puffer, R. R.: A Field Study of Contacts of Syphilis Cases , Ven. Dis. Inform. 23:323 ( (Sept.) ) 1942. 63. Rosenthal, T., and Goodman, H.: Epidemiologic Methods Used in the Control of Venereal Diseases in New York , New York State J. Med. 42:1346 ( (July 15) ) 1942. 64. Packer, H.; McGinnes, G. F., and Puffer, R. R.: A Study of Delinquent Syphilis Patients in the Memphis-Shelby Venereal Disease Control Program , Ven. Dis. Inform. 23:289 ( (Aug.) ) 1942. 65. Talbot, H. P.: Blood Tests for Syphilis on Premarital Applicants for Seven Year Period, 1936-1942 , Connecticut Health Bull. 57:70 ( (March) ) 1943. 66. Mahoney, J. F.: Requirements of Premarital Legislation as They Apply to the Laboratories and Commissioned Medical Officers of the Armed Services and of the United States Public Health Service , Ven. Dis. Inform. 24:105 ( (April) ) 1943. 67. Packer, H.: A Comparison of Case-Finding Methods in a Syphilis Control Program , Ven. Dis. Inform. 23:440 ( (Dec.) ) 1942. 68. Koch, R. A., and Merrill, M. H.: Serologic Survey Among Labor Unions in Northern California , Ven. Dis. Inform. 23:317 ( (Sept.) ) 1942. 69. Frye, W. W.; Keller, A. E., and Kampmeier, R. H.: The Hospital and the Syphilis Problem in Prospective Blood Donors , J. A. M. A. 121:182 ( (Jan. 16) ) 1943.Crossref 70. Kroll, M. M.: A State Syphilis Consultation Program for Private Practitioners , Am. J. Syph., Gonor. & Ven. Dis. 27:63 ( (Jan.) ) 1943. 71. Venereal Disease Control and the Pharmacist, editorial , New England J. Med. 227: 888 ( (Dec. 3) ) 1942. 72. Vonderlehr, R. 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A. 120:827 ( (Nov. 14) ) 1942.Crossref

doi: 10.1001/archinte.1943.00210110144007pmid: N/A

This article is only available in the PDF format. Download the PDF to view the article, as well as its associated figures and tables. Abstract The purpose of this book is directed toward the establishment of an early diagnosis of uterine cancer. Every one appreciates the fact that further improvement in the methods of treatment of uterine cancer is dependent on the establishment of an earlier diagnosis. The procedure recommended is of value, as demonstrated by the descriptions and records. It is to be used, as the authors state, as an accessory procedure in conjunction with biopsy, curettage and other methods. If it is employed in this manner, it is apparent that a diagnosis can be made earlier than has been customary. The principal difficulty with the vaginal smear procedure is that there are relatively few workers who have had sufficient experience to interpret accurately the findings. The authors were reticent in making final interpretation of their observations until they had acquired a vast experience. In a real effort to transmit their experience to others,

doi: 10.1001/archinte.1943.00210110144010pmid: N/A

This article is only available in the PDF format. Download the PDF to view the article, as well as its associated figures and tables. Abstract This handsomely gotten up book of 750 pages is too long to review in detail. However, the names of Craig and Faust would seem to promise a happy combination of expert knowledge on the subject of clinical parasitology. The book is comprehensive, well written and excellently illustrated. There is a thorough bibliography. The section on arthropods and human disease seems specially valuable, as this part of the subject is slighted in many textbooks.

doi: 10.1001/archinte.1943.00210110144008pmid: N/A

This article is only available in the PDF format. Download the PDF to view the article, as well as its associated figures and tables. Abstract It is no mean task to produce an entirely new textbook of pathology, and the author is to be congratulated on his achievement. The present handsome volume, well printed and profusely illustrated with excellent reproductions of gross and microscopic lesions, constitutes according to the publisher's notice only one half of Dr. Forbus' task. Another section is to appear later; this first instalment deals "with the nature and causation of disease and with the resistive reaction: the inflammatory process and all the diseases that arise therefrom." Matters such as tumors will doubtless be dealt with in the subsequent volume. The author approaches his subject from a dynamic standpoint (witness the title), but in the end one looks for good discussions of morphology and histology, and these are very well done. Space might well have been saved by shortening or omitting most of the clinical discussions, which are a duplication of what

doi: 10.1001/archinte.1943.00210110144009pmid: N/A

This article is only available in the PDF format. Download the PDF to view the article, as well as its associated figures and tables. Abstract Instead of a revision of the "Chemistry of the Amino Acids and Proteins," this addendum was published. It brings up to date some of the salient advances made in the field of protein chemistry since 1937, when the original book was written. Practically every chapter has been revised and corrections made on the original text. At the end of each chapter there is a complete bibliography of the publications from which the data were drawn. The authors have adhered to their previous level of clear presentation of their respective problems. The addendum is certainly to be recommended to all who are interested in the advances in protein chemistry for the past four years. It is really a small book in itself, written by investigators active in the field. The authors should be encouraged to keep the book up to date, perhaps preferably by making a complete revision of the original