A.M.A. Archives of Dermatology & Syphilology

GARB, JOHN;SIMS, CHARLES F.

1953 A.M.A. Archives of Dermatology & Syphilology

doi: 10.1001/archderm.1953.01540070004001pmid: 13057362

Abstract THE PURPOSE of this investigation was to ascertain whether the response of mycosis fungoides to antimonial therapy corresponded to the degree of reticuloendothelial cell hyperplasia found on histologic examination. Eleven cases were studied. The results of the treatment of the first eight patients with antimonials have been reported.1 The case numbers of the first eight patients in the present report correspond with the order of the case numbers given in the previous publication.2 Case 9 is omitted because the patient refused further treatment due to pain following a few antimony potassium tartrate (tartar emetic) and stibophen (Fuadin) injections. Case 10 is likewise omitted because a drug eruption developed as a result of the antimony therapy and the treatment was discontinued. Three other cases not recorded in the original publication are herewith added and reported as Cases 9,3 10, and 11. Hematoxylin and eosin stains were References 1. Garb, J.: Antimony Preparations in the Treatment of Mycosis Fungoides , J. Invest. Dermat. 13:295 ( (Nov.) ) 1949.Crossref 2. Garb,1 p. 296. 3. Garb, J., and Fisher, S.: Lymphoblastoma Treated with Antimony Lithium Thiomalate (Anthiomaline) , case presented at the Bronx Dermatological Society, New York, April 20, 1950 . 4. Mallory, F.: Pathological Technique , Philadelphia, W. B. Saunders Company, 1938, p. 161. 5. Aschoff, L.: Das reticulo-endotheliale System , Ergebn. inn. Med. Kinderh. 26:1, 1924 6. Jaffee, R. H., in Downey, H., Editor: Handbook of Hematology , New York, Paul B. Hoeber, Inc., 1938, Vol. 2, p. 979. 7. Wintrobe, M. M.: The Reticuloendothelial System , in Tice, F.: Practice of Medicine , Hagerstown, Md., W. F. Prior Company, Inc., 1940, Vol. 6, p. 720. 8. Bailey, F. R.: Bailey's Text-Book of Histology , revised by P. E. Smith and W. M. Copenhaver, Ed. 12, Baltimore, Williams & Wilkins Company, 1948, p. 269. 9. Richter, M. N.: The Reticuloendothelial System, in Pathology , edited by W. A. D. Anderson, St. Louis, C. V. Mosby Company, 1948, p. 1010. 10. Best, C. H., and Taylor, N. B.: The Physiological Basis of Medical Practice: A Text in Applied Physiology , Baltimore, Williams & Wilkins Company, 1950, p. 104. 11. Metchnikoff, E., cited by Best and Taylor.7 12. Best and Taylor,7 p. 105. 13. Urbach, E., and Gottlieb, P. M.: Allergy , New York, Grune & Stratton, Inc., 1943, p. 796 14. Garb,1 p. 305. 15. Ormsby, O. S., and Montgomery, H.: Diseases of the Skin , Ed. 7, Philadelphia, Lea & Febiger, 1948, p. 875. 16. Lever, W. F.: Histopathology of the Skin , Philadelphia, J. B. Lippincott Company, 1949, p. 426. 17. Ormsby and Montgomery,11 p. 875. 18. Fraser, J. F., and Schwartz, H. J.: Neoplastic Disease of the Reticulo-Endothelial System , Arch. Dermat. & Syph. 33:1, and 5 ( (Jan.) ) 1936. 19. Fraser and Schwartz,13 p. 1. 20. Mallory, F. B., and Parker, F., Jr.: Reticulum , Am. J. Path. 3:515 ( (Sept.) ) 1927 21. Lever,11b p. 17. 22. Nageotte, J., and Guyon, L.: Reticulin , Am. J. Path. 6:631 ( (Nov.) ) 1930. 23. Foot, N. C., and Day, H. A.: The Occurrence of Reticulum in Tumors , Am. J. Path. 1:431 ( (July) ) 1925 24. correction 1:681 ( (Nov.) ) 1925 25. Lever,11b p. 17. 26. Szodoray, L.: The Structure of the Junction of the Epidermis and the Corium , Arch. Dermat. & Syph. 23:920 ( (May) ) 1931. 27. Lever,11b p. 17. 28. Fraser, J. F.: The Interpretation of Mycosis Fungoides as a Variety of Lymphosarcoma , Arch. Dermat. & Syph. 11:445 ( (April) ) 1925. 29. Fraser,13 p. 11. 30. Cottini, J. B.: Aspects hématologiques et histopathologiques de trois cas de mycosis fongoide , Ann. dermat. et syph. 8:15 ( (Jan.) ) 1937. 31. Berman, L.: Pathologic Nature of Mycosis Fungoides , Arch. Path. 29:530 ( (April) ) 1940. 32. Berman,23 p. 540. 33. Berger, L., and Vallée, A.: Le mycosis fungoïde: Une réticuloendothéliose de la peau , Presse méd. 38:177 ( (Feb. 5) ) 1930 34. Jaffee,5 p. 1105. 35. Cawley, E. P.; Curtis, A. C., and Leach, J. E.: Is Mycosis Fungoides a Reticuloendothelial Neoplastic Entity? A. M. A. Arch. Dermat. & Syph. 64:255 ( (Sept.) ) 1951. 36. Herzberg, J. J., and Ueberschär, K. H.: Die Mykosis fungoides als neoplastische Erkrankung des erweiterten retikuloendothelialen Systems , Dermat. Wchnschr. 123:316, and 337, 1951. 37. Garb,1 p. 306. 38. Garb, J.: Mycosis Fungoides (Granuloma Fungoides), Tumor Stage, Responding Rapidly to Antimony Preparations: Preliminary Report , J. Invest. Dermat. 10:43 ( (Feb.) ) 1948. 39. Garb,1 p. 304. 40. Berkovsky, M.: Mycosis Fungoides Treated Successfully with Ethylstibamine (Neostibosan) , Arch. Dermat. & Syph. 61:686 ( (April) ) 1950. 41. Henstell, H. H.; Tober, J. N., and Newman, B. A.: The Influence of Nitrogen Mustard on Mycosis Fungoides: Observations Relating Its Effect to Reticulo-Endothelial System , Blood 2:564 ( (Nov.) ) 1947. 42. Jaffee,5 p. 1107. 43. Winer, L. H.: Mycosis Fungoides: Benign and Malignant Reticulum Cell Dysplasia , Arch. Dermat. & Syph. 56:480 ( (Oct.) ) 1947.

SAWICKY, H. H.;DANTO, JULIUS L.;MADDIN, W. STUART

1953 A.M.A. Archives of Dermatology & Syphilology

doi: 10.1001/archderm.1953.01540070020002pmid: 13057363

Abstract IT IS GENERALLY agreed that hormonal influence on the pilosebaceous apparatus is the causative or a contributing factor in the production of acne vulgaris. The androgenic hormones are most commonly incriminated.1 This is based on the observations that (1) acne usually begins at puberty, when there is increased hormonal activity, (2) acne does not develop in eunuchs, (3) the administration of androgens to castrated men and to women with normal skins may produce acne lesions, (4) when the androgens are no longer given to the eunuchs and to women with normal skins the acne lesions disappear. Reports have appeared in the literature showing that the topical application of sex hormones has produced histologic changes in the sebaceous glands of animals.2 Moreover, the therapeutic effectiveness of systemic administrations of various types of estrogenic materials in some cases of acne vulgaris has now been established.3 Recently, reports References 1. Sulzberger, M. B., and Witten, V. H.: Symposium on Diseases of the Skin: Hormones and Acne Vulgaris , M. Clin. North America 35:373-390 ( (March) ) 1951. 2. Barber, H. W.: The Influence of Sex Hormones on the Skin and Pilosebaceous System , in Modern Trends in Dermatology , edited by R. M. B. MacKenna, New York, Paul B. Hoeber, Inc., 1948, Chap. 6, pp. 112-115. 3. Hamilton, J. B.: Male Hormone Substance: A Prime Factor in Acne , J. Clin. Endocrinol. 1:570-592 ( (July) ) 1941.Crossref 4. Reiss, F., and Gellis, S.: Effects Produced on Pilosebaceous System and Adrenals of Rabbit by Inunction of the Sex Hormones , J. Invest. Dermat. 12:159-172 ( (March) ) 1949. 5. Hooker, C. W., and Pfeiffer, C. A.: Effects of Sex Hormones upon Body Growth, Skin, Hair, and Sebaceous Glands in the Rat , Endocrinology 32:69-76 ( (Jan.) ) 1943.Crossref 6. Year Book of Dermatology and Syphilology , edited by M. B. Sulzberger, and R. L. Baer, Chicago, The Year Book Publishers, Inc., 1949, pp. 9-39. 7. Goldzieher, M. A.: Endocrine Pathogenesis and Treatment of Acne Vulgaris , M. Rec. 160:725-727 ( (Dec.) ) 1947. 8. Goeckerman, W. H.: Hormonal Therapy of Acne Vulgaris in the Female: Clinical Attempts at Its Evaluation , Arch. Dermat. & Syph. 61:237-243 ( (Feb.) ) 1950. 9. Sulzberger, M. B., and Wolf, J.: Dermatology: Essentials of Diagnosis and Treatment , Ed. 4, Chicago, The Year Book Publishers, Inc., 1952. 10. Lawrence, C. H., and Werthessen, N. T.: Treatment of Acne with Orally Administered Estrogens , J. Clin. Endocrinol. 2:636-638 ( (Nov.) ) 1942. 11. Shapiro, I.: Estrogens by Local Application in the Treatment of Acne Vulgaris , A. M. A. Arch. Dermat. & Syph. 63:224-227 ( (Feb.) ) 1951. 12. Whitelaw, M. J.: Treatment of Adolescent Acne with Topical Application of Estrogens , J. Clin. Endocrinol. 11:487-491 ( (May) ) 1951. 13. The Premarin cream was supplied by Ayerst, McKenna, & Harrison, Ltd., Dr. John B. Jewell, Medical Director. 14. Siemens, H. W.: Über ein noch nicht beschriebenes Phänomen bei der einseitigen Behandlung von Hautkrankheiten , Hautarzt 2:439-442 ( (Oct.) ) 1951.

RUITER, M.

1953 A.M.A. Archives of Dermatology & Syphilology

doi: 10.1001/archderm.1953.01540070024003pmid: 13057364

Abstract ANGIOKERATOMA corporis diffusum is only rarely described in the usual textbooks. This is not surprising, since only about 20 characteristic cases of angiokeratoma corporis diffusum have been observed since its first description in 1898. However, it would be wrong to consider this skin condition a dermatological curiosity. Investigations during the past few years have shown that in all probability this cutaneous anomaly will have to be considered as a sign of an internal disease unknown so far. It is by no means inconceivable that the rarity of angiokeratoma corporis diffusum (as far as I know, no case has yet been described in America) is due to the fact that remarkably few dermatologists seem to be familiar with this condition. The purpose of this paper is to draw attention once more to the skin disorder concerned. At the same time, a description of the internal anomalies which have recently been References 1. Fabry, J.: Ein Beitrag zur Purpura haemorrhagica nodularis , Arch. Dermat. u. Syph. 43: 1898. 2. Koch, H., cited by Hornbostel, H.; Spier, W., and Koch, H.: Angiokeratoma corporis diffusum universale (Fabry) mit cardio-vaso-renalem Symptomenkomplex als Allgemeinerkrankung , Arztl. Wchnschr. 6:49, 1951. 3. Weicksel, G.: Angiomatosis bzw. Angiokeratosis universalis , Deutsche. med. Wchnschr. 51:898, 1925.Crossref 4. Ruiter, M., and Pompen, A. W. M.: Angiokeratoma corporis diffusum (universale) mit kardiovasorenalem Symptomenkomplex bei 3 Brüdern , Arch. Dermat. u. Syph. 179:165, 1939.Crossref 5. Ruiter, M.: Drie patienten (broers) met angiokeratoma corporis diffusum , Nederl. tijdschr. geneesk. 83:1801, 1939. 6. Ruiter, M.; Pompen, A. W. M., and Wyers, H. J. G.: Über interne und pathologischanatomische Befunde bei Angiokeratoma corporis diffusum (Fabry) , Dermatologica 94:1, 1947.Crossref 7. Pompen, A. W. M.; Ruiter, M., and Wyers, H. J. G.: Angiokeratoma corporis diffusum (universale) Fabry, as a sign of an unknown internal disease: Two autopsy reports , Acta med. scandinav. 128:234, 1947.Crossref 8. Ruiter, M.: Angiokeratoma corporis diffusum (universale) als symptoom van een onbekende en nog niet beschreven inwendige ziekte , Nederl. tijdschr. geneesk. 90:1757, 1946. 9. Scriba, K.: Zur Pathogenese des Angiokeratoma corporis diffusum Fabry mit cardiovasorenalem Symptomenkomplex , Verhandl. deutsch. Gesellsch. Path. 1950, p. 221. 10. Hornbostel, H.; Spier, W., and Koch, H.: Angiokeratoma corporis diffusum universale (Fabry) mit cardio-vaso-renalem Symptomenkomplex als Allgemeinerkrankung , Arztl. Wchnschr. 6:49, 1951. 11. Wertheim: Hämangiome , in Jadassohn, J.: Handbuch der Haut- und Geschlechtskrankheiten , Berlin, Springer-Verlag, 1932, Vol. 2.

SMITH, LESLIE M.;GARRETT, H. D.

1953 A.M.A. Archives of Dermatology & Syphilology

doi: 10.1001/archderm.1953.01540070031004pmid: 13057365

Abstract IN THE last 15 years there has grown up in the arid portions of the American Southwest a colony of patients with various chronic generalized dermatoses, who have migrated from the colder and more humid portions of the country to take advantage of the sunshine and the warm dry air. It is usually difficult to convince these patients that the benefits they receive can be anything but the effect of the sun and dry air, or that rest and a certain amount of adjustment of their emotional difficulties and a lessening of the drive which has become their way of life plays a part in their recovery. They have become a cult of sunworshippers, and many are overdoing the sun treatment to the extent that they are laying a foundation for the future development of keratoses and epitheliomas. Our observation of many of these patients and the history of References 1. Sulzberger, M. B., and Garbe, W.: Nine Cases of Distinctive Exudative Discoid and Lichenoid Chronic Dermatosis , Arch. Dermat. & Syph. 36:247 ( (Aug.) ) 1937. 2. Cannon, A. B.: Allergic Dermatitis Simulating Lymphoblastoma , Arch. Dermat. & Syph. 39:846 ( (May) ) 1939. 3. Sachs, W., and Kirsch, N.: Exudative Discoid and Lichenoid Chronic Dermatosis, (Sulzberger-Garbe): Histopathologic Study , J. Invest. Dermat. 8:215 ( (April) ) 1947. 4. Schneider, E., and Kesten, B.: Polymorphic Prurigo: Psychosomatic Study of 3 Cases , J. Invest. Dermat. 10:205 ( (March) ) 1948. 5. Eidinoff, H.: Effect of Environment on Chronic, Severe and Extensive Itching Dermatoses , J. Invest. Dermat. 14:319 ( (May) ) 1950. 6. Sulzberger, M. B.: The Clinical Significance of Disturbances in Sweat Delivery, Special Lecture , read before the American Academy of Dermatology and Syphilography, Chicago, Dec. 10, 1951 .

FISHMAN, IRVING M.

1953 A.M.A. Archives of Dermatology & Syphilology

doi: 10.1001/archderm.1953.01540070041005pmid: 13057366

Abstract FAVUS is considered a rare mycotic disease in the United States. From time to time reports appear of endemic foci in various parts of the country,1 usually in small numbers and in isolated rural communities where the personal hygiene of the involved patients is rather poor. In these endemic foci, the disease manifests itself primarily as an infection of the scalp, and the hairs become directly involved. Occasionally there is involvement of a nail or two. Sometimes the glabrous skin adjacent to the scalp becomes involved by a direct extension of the process out of the scalp. This report is of an epidemic produced by Trichophyton schoenleini. It occurred entirely on the glabrous skin and was limited to the personnel of a large city hospital in New York.2 In all, 22 persons were involved, and the majority were members of the nursing staff. The first References 1. Barrett, C. C.: Endemic Favus , South M. J. 43:685-689 ( (Aug.) ) 1950.Crossref 2. Dobes, W. L.: Favus: Occurrence in Georgia: Report of 10 Cases , Urol. & Cutan. Rev. 52:729-734 ( (Dec.) ) 1948. 3. Robbins, S. J.: Favus in a Rural Community of New York , Arch. Dermat. & Syph. 58:180-183 ( (Aug.) ) 1948. 4. Eppright, B. R., and McCuistion, C. H.: Endemic Favus in Texas , Arch. Dermat. & Syph. 60:1208-1209 ( (Dec.) ) 1949. 5. Queens General Hospital, Queens, N. Y. 6. Communication with the home school did not confirm the source of the infection, since they had no knoweldge of any such cases either among the student nurses or among any of the hospital patients.

KALDECK, ROBERT

1953 A.M.A. Archives of Dermatology & Syphilology

doi: 10.1001/archderm.1953.01540070047006pmid: 13057367

Abstract PSORIASIS is one of the diseases encountered frequently in the practice of the dermatologist. In the textbooks of dermatology all possible locations and involvements of psoriasis are discussed in detail, except one: psoriasis affecting the eye. Why the dermatologist, who is interested in eye manifestations of syphilis, rosacea, pemphigus, and other diseases, should not be interested in psoriasis of the eye, poses an unanswered question. Is ocular psoriasis so rare or unimportant, or should the diagnosis of this condition be left entirely to the ophthalmologist? Is the ophthalmologist sufficiently aware of the possibility of psoriasis to diagnose it correctly? In the ophthalmological field de Schweinitz,1 in his textbooks, mentioned a number of dermatological conditions affecting the eye, but fails to list psoriasis. Fuchs2 states: In the case of other exanthemata, too, for instance in macular and papular syphilides, in pityriasis, psoriasis, ichthyosis, herpes iris, dematitis herpetiformis, lepra, References 1. de Schweinitz, G. E.: Diseases of the Eye , Ed. 10, Philadelphia, W. B. Saunders Company, 1924. 2. Fuchs, E.: Textbook of Ophthalmology , Philadelphia, J. B. Lippincott Company, 1899. 3. Fox, L. W.: Diseases of the Eye , New York, Appleton-Century-Crofts Company, Inc., 1907. 4. Duke-Elder, W. S.: Textbook of Ophthalmology , St. Louis, C. V. Mosby Company, 1944. Vol. 2. 5. Toth, Z.: Psoriasiseffloreszenz am Lidrand , Klin. Monatsbl. Augenh. 114:562, 1949.

SMITH, C. CONRAD;Simms, Florence;Luszpynsky, Yaroslava

1953 A.M.A. Archives of Dermatology & Syphilology

doi: 10.1001/archderm.1953.01540070053007pmid: 13057368

Abstract RECENTLY the local application of hydrocortisone acetate ointment has been reported to have a favorable effect in a number of dermatoses.1 Because of this the possible percutaneous absorption of hydrocortisone and potential systemic effects were thought worthy of investigation. One of the reasons which had been considered as a hypothetical explanation of the effectiveness of topically applied hydrocortisone in contrast to the ineffectiveness of topically applied cortisone was the possible percutaneous absorption of the former.2 The previously demonstrated apparent lack of absorption of topically applied cortisone in normal subjects fits in with this theory.3 It was also theorized that the apparent beneficial effects of hydrocortisone acetate ointment upon skin lesions located beyond and removed from the actual site of application could possibly be explained on the basis of absorption, with mild systemic effects. It is today well established that a reduction in the circulating eosinophile count References 1. Sulzberger, M. B., and Witten, V. H.: The Effect of Topically Applied Compound F in Selected Dermatoses , J. Invest. Dermat. 19:101, 1952.Crossref 2. Sulzberger, M. B.; Witten, V. H., and Smith, C. C.: Hydrocortisone (Compound F) Acetate Ointment in Dermatological Therapy , J. A. M. A. 151:468, 1953. 3. Goldman, L.; Thompson, R. G., and Trice, E. R.: Cortisone Acetate in Skin Disease: Local Effect in the Skin from Topical Application and Local Injection , A. M. A. Arch. Dermat. & Syph. 65:177, 1952. 4. Sulzberger, M. B.: Some Aspects of ACTH and Cortisone in Dermatology , Tenth International Congress of Dermatology, London, July, 1952 5. Excerpta Med. XIII Dermatology & Venereology 6:364, 1952. 6. Danto, J. L., and Maddin, S.: The Eosinophilic Response in Normal Subjects Following the Inunction of Cortisone Ointment , J. Invest. Dermat. 18:381, 1952. 7. Thorn, G. W., and others: Studies on the Relation of Pituitary-Adrenal Function to Rheumatic Disease , New England J. Med. 1241:529, 1941. 8. Nelson, D. H.; Sandberg, A. A.; Palmer, J. G., and Tyler, F. H.: Blood Levels of 17-Hydroxycorticosteroids Following the Administration of Adrenal Steroids and Their Relation to Levels of Circulating Leukocytes , J. Clin. Invest. 31:843, 1952. 9. Hydrocortone acetate ointment 2.5% was furnished by Merck & Company, Inc.

KIERLAND, ROBERT R.

1953 A.M.A. Archives of Dermatology & Syphilology

doi: 10.1001/archderm.1953.01540070057008pmid: 13057369

Abstract IN PLANNING this presentation I have considered three basic factors: (1) the contributions made by dermatology and dermatologists that are of direct and indirect value to the Armed Forces, (2) the contributions that the Armed Forces and the office of the Secretary of Defense have made to dermatology, and (3) the answer to the question, "What further should be done to make dermatology, dermatologists, and the Armed Forces more mutually advantageous?" Dermatology as a science and dermatologists individually have contributed much to various and broad aspects of military dermatology, especially when it is remembered that prior to World War II dermatology and dermatologists were not recognized as such by the Armed Forces. Throughout the first year of World War II it became clear that dermatologists were a necessity and that cutaneous diseases constituted one of the major causes of hospitalization and disability. In 1944, the total number of References 1. Manual of Dermatology: National Research Council, Division of Medical Sciences , by D. M. Pillsbury, M. B. Sulzberger, and C. S. Livingood, Philadelphia, W. B. Saunders Company, 1942, p. 421. 2. Pillsbury, D. M., and Livingood, C. S.: Experiences in Military Dermatology: Their Interpretation in Plans for Improved General Medical Care , Arch. Dermat. & Syph. 55:441-458 ( (April) ) 1947. 3. Casberg, M. A.: Personal communication to the author. 4. Olansky, S.: Personal communication to the author.

KIERLAND, ROBERT R.

1953 A.M.A. Archives of Dermatology & Syphilology

doi: 10.1001/archderm.1953.01540070064009pmid: 13057370

Abstract GENERALLY speaking, the physical allergies deal with those reactions of hypersensitiveness due to cold, heat, radiant energy, pressure, and mechanical stimuli. I am particularly concerned in this study with those reactions due to heat and cold. However, before going on to my subject I should like to mention that reactions of hypersensitiveness occur occasionally with roentgen, grenz, and radium irradiation, in addition to the rays of the visible spectrum, and it is important to note that certain instances of so-called photosensitivity really are due to the heat of such energy rather than the light per se. If we are to accept the reactions of hypersensitiveness to heat and cold as truly allergic we must use the term broadly and in the sense originally defined by von Pirquet, that is, as an "altered capacity to react." Almost no one, however, agrees with this broad concept, but the feeling persists that the References 1. Rajka, E., and Asboth, A.: Cold Urticaria: Investigations Concerning Its Pathogenesis , Ann. Allergy 9:642-652 ( (Sept.) -Oct.) 1951. 2. Rajka and Asboth.1 3. Rothman, S., in discussion on Rodin, H. H.: Sensitivity to Cold , A. M. A. Arch. Dermat. & Syph. 63:155 ( (Jan.) ) 1951. 4. Urbach, E.; Herrman, M. F., and Gottlieb, P. M.: Cold Allergy and Cold Pathergy , A. M. A. Arch. Dermat. & Syph. 43:366-374 ( (Feb.) ) 1941. 5. Urbach, E., and Gottlieb, P. M.: Allergy , Ed. 2, New York, Grune & Stratton, Inc., 1946, Chap. 17 , pp. 409-434. 6. Melczer, N., and Wlassics, T.: Über die Wärmeüberempfindlichkeit , Arch. Dermat. u. Syph. 176:157-166 ( (Oct.) ) 1937. 7. Rostenberg, A., Jr., in discussion on Rodin, H. H.: Sensitivity to Cold , A. M. A. Arch. Dermat. & Syph. 63:154 ( (Jan.) ) 1951. 8. The 1951 Year Book of Dermatology and Syphilology , edited by M. B. Sulzberger, and R. L. Baer, Chicago, The Year Book Publishers, Inc., 1951, pp. 182-186. 9. Duke, W. W.: Urticaria Caused Specifically by the Action of Physical Agents (Light, Cold, Heat, Freezing, Burns, Mechanical Irritation, and Physical and Mental Exertion) , J. A. M. A. 83:3-8 ( (July 5) ) 1924. 10. Peters, G. A., and Silverman, J. J.: Role of Histamine and Acetylcholine in the Mechanism of Heat Allergy: Report of Studies on a Soldier , Arch. Int. Med. 77:526-543 ( (May) ) 1946. 11. Melczer and Wlassics.2e 12. Peters and Silverman.6 13. Nomland, R.: Cholinogenic Urticaria and Cholinogenic Itching , Arch. Dermat. & Syph. 50:247-249 ( (Oct.) ) 1944. 14. Hopkins, J. G.; Kesten, B. M., and Hazel, O. G.: Urticaria Provoked by Heat or by Psychic Stimuli , Arch. Dermat. & Syph. 38:679-691 ( (Nov.) ) 1938. 15. Grant, R. T.; Pearson, R. S. B., and Comeau, W. J.: Observations on Urticaria Provoked by Emotion, by Exercise and by Warming the Body , Clin. Sc. 2:253-272 ( (July) ) 1936. 16. Sigel, H.: Urticaria Caused by Heat, Exertion and Excitement: Report on 22 Cases Among American Soldiers in Japan , Arch. Dermat. & Syph. 57:204-209 ( (Feb.) ) 1948. 17. Horton, B. T.: Cold Allergy: Report of 2 Cases , Proc. Staff Meet., Mayo Clin. 2:276-278 ( (Nov. 23) ) 1927. 18. Horton, B. T.; Brown, G. E., and Roth, G. M.: Hypersensitiveness to Cold, with Local and Systemic Manifestations of a Histamine-Like Character: Its Amenability to Treatment , J. A. M. A. 107:1263-1269 ( (Oct. 17) ) 1936. 19. Williams, H. L.: The Syndrome of Physical or Intrinsic Allergy of the Head: Myalgia of the Head (Sinus Headache) , Proc. Staff Meet., Mayo Clin. 20:177-183 ( (June 13) ) 1945. 20. Urbach and co-workers.2c,d 21. Rodin, H. H.: Sensitivity to Cold , A. M. A. Arch. Dermat. & Syph. 63:152-154 ( (Jan.) ) 1951. 22. Witherspoon, F. G.; White, C. B.; Bazemore, J. M., and Hailey, H.: Familial Urticaria Due to Cold , A. M. A. Arch. Dermat. & Syph. 58:52-55 ( (July) ) 1948. 23. Kile, R. L., and Rusk, H. A.: A Case of Cold Urticaria with an Unusual Family History , J. A. M. A. 114:1067-1068 ( (March 23) ) 1940. 24. Rasmussen, K. A.: The Effect of Antihistaminics on Histamine Whealing and on Dermographism: Elucidated by Comparative Electrophoretical Experiments , Acta dermat.-venereol. 29:564-571, 1949. 25. Kalz, F.; Bower, C. M., and Prichard, H.: Delayed and Persistent Dermographia , Arch. Dermat. & Syph. 61:772-780 ( (May) ) 1950. 26. Sherman, W. B., and Seebohm, P. M.: Passive Transfer of Cold Urticaria , J. Allergy 21:414-424 ( (Sept.) ) 1950. 27. Williams, H. L.: A Concept of Allergy as Autonomic Dysfunction Suggested as an Improved Working Hypothesis , Tr. Am. Acad. Ophth. 55:123-146 ( (Nov.) -Dec.) 1951.

FOWLE, L. P.;RICE, J. W.

1953 A.M.A. Archives of Dermatology & Syphilology

doi: 10.1001/archderm.1953.01540070072010pmid: 13057371

Abstract NEARLY 100 years have elapsed since Devergie1 described nummular eczema. Since then, nummular eczema has been confused with other disease entities and has been described under such names as orbicular eczema, parasitic eczema, and herpetoid eczema. Devergie was not the first to compare plaques of dermatitis to coins. Rayer,2 in referring to what must have been nummular eczema, stated: "This variety is distinguished by clustered patches of vesicles, the dimensions of which vary from those of a sovereign to those of a two sovereign piece." In Rayer's book there was an illustration showing the radial side of a hand with typical coin-sized plaques of dermatitis. Characteristically, nummular eczema occurs in sharply defined coin-sized vesicular plaques favoring the extensor surfaces of the extremities below the knees and the elbows. The best descriptions of nummular eczema which we have found to date are those by Sulzberger and Wolf3 References 1. Devergie, M. G. A.: Traité pratique des maladies de la peau , Ed. 2, Paris, V. Masson, 1857, p. 233. 2. Rayer, P.: A Theoretical and Practical Treatise on Diseases of the Skin , Philadelphia, Carey & Hart, 1845, p. 114. 3. Sulzberger, M. B., and Wolf, J.: Dermatologic Therapy in General Practice , Ed. 3, Chicago, Year Book Publishers, Inc., 1948. 4. Gross, P.: Nummular Eczema as a Clinical Entity , New York J. Med. 51:2025 ( (Sept. 1) ) 1951. 5. Pillsbury, D. M., and Sternberg, T. H.: Relation of Diet to Cutaneous Infection: Study of Influence of Varying Carbohydrate and Fat Intakes and of Fasting on Experimental Pyogenic Cutaneous Infections in Dogs, with Comparative Determinations of the Glycogen Content of the Skin and Liver , Arch. Dermat. & Syph. 35:893 ( (May) ) 1937. 6. Pollitzer, S. A.: Recurrent Eczematoid Affection of the Hands , J. Cutan. Dis. 30:716 ( (Dec.) ) 1912. 7. Unna, P. G.: Parasitäre Natur des Ekzems , Deutsche Med.-Ztg. 21:809 ( (Aug.) ) 1900. 8. Engman, M. F.: An Infectious Form of an Eczematoid Dermatitis , Am. Med. 4:769 ( (Nov. 15) ) 1902. 9. Lane, C. G.; Rockwood, E. M.; Sawyer, C. S., and Blank, I. H.: Dermatoses of the Hands , J. A. M. A. 128:987 ( (Aug. 4) ) 1945. 10. Storck, H.: Experimentelle Untersuchungen zur Frage der Bedeutung von Mikroben in der Ekzemgenese , Dermatologica 96:177, 1948. 11. Hopkins, H. H., and Burky, E. L.: Cutaneous Autosensitization: Role of Staphylococci in Chronic Eczema of the Hands , Arch. Dermat. & Syph. 49:124 ( (Feb.) ) 1944. 12. Thygeson, P.: Mannitol Fermentation as an Indicator of Conjunctival Pathogenicity of Staphylococci , Arch. Ophth. 20:274 ( (Aug.) ) 1938. 13. Swineford, O., Jr., and Holman, J.: Studies in Bacterial Allergy: Results of 3860 Cutaneous Tests with 34 Crude Polysaccharide or Nucleoprotein Fractions of 14 Different Bacteria , J. Allergy 20:420 ( (Nov.) ) 1949. 14. Coca, A. F.: Familial Nonreaginic Food-Allergy , Springfield, Ill., Charles C Thomas, Publisher, 1943. 15. Kahn, R. L.: Tissue Immunity , Springfield, Ill., Charles C Thomas, Publisher, 1936. 16. Gross, P.: Nummular Eczema: Its Clinical Picture and Successful Therapy , Arch. Dermat. & Syph. 44:1060 ( (Dec.) ) 1941.