Archives of Dermatology and Syphilology

MERCER, SAMUEL T.

1935 Archives of Dermatology and Syphilology

doi: 10.1001/archderm.1935.01460230002001

Abstract Monocytic leukemia recently has attracted increasing interest among hematologists but as yet has been given little if any attention by students of dermatology. It was described for the first time in 1913 by Reschad and Schilling-Torgau,1 and since then some forty-nine cases had been reported up to March 1934.2 One more case3 may be added which was reported to me in a personal communication. These reports were searched for descriptions of lesions occurring on the mucous membranes and the skin. Some authors mentioned "purpura or petechiae," while the patients in five cases4 which are reviewed later in this article presented clearcut skin lesions with infiltration. Although in these numerous reports in periodicals monocytic leukemia has been considered a third form of leukemia, distinct from lymphocytic or myelocytic forms, it has been referred to in but few medical textbooks.5 In the field of dermatology Artz and References 1. Reschad, H., and Schilling-Torgau, V.: Ueber eine neue Leukämie durch echte Uebergangsformen (Splenozytenleukämie) und ihre Bedeutung für die Selbstständigkeit dieser Zellen , München. med. Wchnschr. 60:1981, 1913. 2. Fleischmann, P.: Folia haemat. 20:17, 1916. 3. Bingel, A.: Deutsche med. Wchnschr. 42:1503, 1916.Crossref 4. Komiya, E., and Hayishi, T.: Mitt. a. d. med. Fakult. d. k. Univ. zu Tokyo 27:375, 1921. 5. Rosenthal, N.: M. Clin. N. America 4:1607, 1921. 6. Merklen, P., and Wolff, M.: Rev. de méd., Paris 45:153, 1928. 7. Hannema. L. S.: Nederl. tijdschr. v. geneesk. 72:2281, 1928. 8. Ugriumow, B.: Centralbl. f. allg. Path. u. path. Anat. 42:103, 1928. 9. Schwirtschewskaja, B.: Virchows Arch. f. path. Anat. 267:456, 1928.Crossref 10. Wyschegorodzewa, W. D.: Folia haemat. 38:355,1929. 11. Barton, R. B.: J. Lab. & Clin. Med. 12:855, 1927. 12. Farley, D. L.: M. Clin. North America 13:991, 1929. 13. Dameshek, W.: Acute Monocytic (Histiocytic) Leukemia , Arch. Int. Med. 46:718 ( (Oct.) ) 1930. 14. Bock, H. E., and Wiede, K.: Virchows Arch. f. path. Anat. 276:553, 1930. 15. Lawrence, J. S.; Josey, A. I., and Young, M. W.: Folia haemat. 44:332, 1931. 16. Rucks, W. W., Jr., and Cunningham, R. S.: South. M. J. 24:1089, 1931. 17. Bykowa, O.: Folia haemat. 43:475, 1931. 18. Rinehart, J. F.: The Stem Cell of the Monocyte , Arch. Path. 13: 889 ( (June) ) 1932. 19. Reich, Carl: New York State J. Med. 32:1193, 1932. 20. Gardner, S. N.: New England J. Med. 207:776, 1932. 21. Sydenstricker, V. P., and Phinizy, T. B.: Am. J. M. Sc. 184:770, 1932.Crossref 22. Farrar, G. E., Jr., and Cameron, J. D.: Am. J. M. Sc. 184:763, 1932.Crossref 23. Böhne, C., and Huismans, L.: Virchows Arch. f. path. Anat. 283:575, 1932.Crossref 24. Clough, P. W.: Bull. Johns Hopkins Hosp. 51:148, 1932. 25. Orr, J. W.: Lancet 1:399 ( (Feb. 25) ) 1933. 26. Osgood, C. W., and Lyght, C. E.: J. Lab. & Clin. Med. 18:612, 1933. 27. Gittins, R., and Hawksley, J. C.: J. Path. & Bact. 36:115, 1933. 28. Fontana, A.: Minerva med. 2:673, 1932. 29. Weissenbach, R. J.; Bourdillon, C.; Martineau, J., and David, J.: Sang 7:371, 1933. 30. Foord, A. G.; Parsons, L., and Butt, E. M.: Leukemic Reticulo-Endotheliosis (Monocytic Leukemia) , J. A. M. A. 101:1859 ( (Dec. 9) ) 1933. 31. Dubinskaja, B., and Bakaltschuk, M.: Folia haemat. 50:97, 1933. 32. Bykowa, O.: Folia haemat. 51:96, 1933. 33. Forkner, C. E.: Clinical and Pathologic Differentiation of the Acute Leukemias , Arch. Int. Med. 53:1 ( (Jan.) ) 1934. 34. Doan, C. A.: Medicine 10:357 ( (Sept.) ) 1931. 35. Dart, R. O.: Personal communication to the author. 36. (a) Reschad and Schilling-Torgau.1 37. (b) Bingel, A.: Monozytenleukämie , Deutsche med. Wchnschr. 42:1503, 1916. 38. (c) Sydenstricker, V. P., and Phinizy, T. B.: Acute Monocytic Leukemia: A Case with Partial Autopsy , Am. J. M. Sc. 184:770, 1932. 39. (d) Orr, J. W.: Monocytic Leukemia , Lancet 1:399 ( (Feb. 25) ) 1933. 40. (e) Bykowa, O.: Retikulo-Endotheliale Leukosen (Mit Affektion der Haut) , Folia haemat. 51:96, 1933. 41. Musser, J. H.: Internal Medicine , Philadelphia, Lea & Febiger, 1932, p. 913. 42. Cecil, R. L.: A Text Book of Medicine , Philadelphia, W. B. Saunders Company, 1933, p. 1033. 43. Wallbach, Günther: Die atypischen Leukämien , Ergebn. d. ges. Med. 17:413, 1932. 44. Artz, L., and Fuhs, H., in Jadassohn, J.: Handbuch der Haut- und Geschlechtskrankheiten , Berlin, Julius Springer, 1929, vol. 8, p. 31. 45. Pellegrini, G.: ( Boll. d. Soc. med.-chir, Pavia 46:1009) 46. Nägeli, O.: Blutkrankheiten und Blutdiagnostik , ed. 5, Berlin, Julius Springer, 1931. 47. Maximow, A.: Les relations des cellules sanguines avec le tissu conjonctif et avec l'endothélium , Ann. d. anat. path. 4:701, 1927. 48. Pappenheim, A., and Ferrata, A.: Ueber die verschiedenen lymphoiden Zellformen des normalen und pathologischen Blutes , Folia haemat. 10:78, 1910. 49. Cunningham, R. S.; Sabin, F. R., and Doan, C. A.: The Development of Leucocytes, Lymphocytes and Monocytes from a Specific Stem Cell in Adult Tissues , Contrib. Embryol. 16:229, 1925. 50. McClung, C. E.: Handbook of Microscopical Technique , New York, Paul B. Hoeber, Inc., 1929 51. Sabin, F. R.; Doan, C. A., and Cunningham, R. S.: Discrimination of Two Types of Phagocytic Cells in the Connective Tissues by the Supravital Technic , Contrib. Embryol. 16:125, 1925. 52. Aschoff, L.: Das retikulo-endotheliale System , Ergebn. d. inn. Med. u. Kinderh. 26:1, 1926. 53. Forkner, C. E.: The Origin of Monocytes in Certain Lymph Nodes and Their Genetic Relation to Other Connective Tissue Cells , J. Exper. Med. 52:385, 1930.Crossref 54. Sternberg, C.: Lehrbuch der allgemeinen Pathologie und der pathologischen Anatomie , Leipzig, F. C. W. Vogel, 1928, p. 138. 55. Mallory, F. B.: The Principles of Pathologic Histology , Philadelphia, W. B. Saunders Company, 1925, p. 23. 56. Evans, H. M.: The Macrophages of Mammals , Am. J. Physiol. 37:243, 1915. 57. Kiyono, K.: Die vitale Karminspeicherung , Jena, Gustav Fischer, 1914. 58. Ranvier, L.: Des clasmatocytes , Arch. d'anat. micr. 3:123, 1899. 59. Doan, C. A.: The Clinical Implications of Experimental Hematology , Medicine 10:357 ( (Sept.) ) 1931.Crossref 60. Epstein, E.: Die generalisierten Affektionen des histiozytären Zellensystems (Histiozytomatosen) , Med. Klin. 21:1501, 1925. 61. Werther: Ein Fall von chronischer lymphatischer Leukämie mit generalisierter miliarer Lymphadenia Cutis , Dermat. Ztschr. 21:574, 1914.Crossref 62. Hazen, H. G.: Skin Changes in the Leukemias and Allied Conditions , J. Cutan. Dis. 29:521, 1911. 63. Hoff, F.: Beiträge zur Pathologie der Blutkrankheiten , Virchows Arch. f. path. Anat. 261:161, 1926.Crossref 64. Forkner, C. E.: Clinical and Pathologic Differentiation of the Acute Leukemias , Arch. Int. Med. 53:1 ( (Jan.) ) 1934.Crossref 65. Artz, L.: Ueber specifische Exantheme bei Lymphadenose und Myelose , Arch. f. Dermat. u. Syph. 160:84, 1930.Crossref 66. Buschke, A., and Hirschfeld, H.: Ueber Leucosarcomatosis Cutis , Folia haemat. 12:73, 1911. 67. Lasowsky, J. M.: Ueber eine systembezogene blastomartige Hyperplasie des Reticuloendotheliums: Sog. Reticuloendotheliom , Virchows Arch. f. path. Anat. 288:631, 1933.Crossref 68. Rolleston, H. D., and Fox, W. A.: Case of Atypical Myeloid Leukemia with Nodular Infiltrations of the Skin , Brit. J. Dermat. 21:377, 1909. 69. Bruusgaard, E.: Ueber Hauteruptionen bei der myeloiden Leukämie und der malignen Granulomatose , Arch. f. Dermat. u. Syph. 106:105, 1911.Crossref 70. Ketron, L. W., and Gay, L. N.: Myeloid Leukemia of the Skin , Arch. Dermat. & Syph. 7:176 ( (Feb.) ) 1923. 71. Almkvist, J., and Arzt, L.: Two Cases of Skin Manifestations in Leukemic Affections , Brit. J. Dermat. & Syph. 36:428, 1924. 72. Tenenbaum, J. L.: Myeloid Leukemia of the Skin , Arch. Dermat. & Syph. 10:557 ( (Nov.) ) 1924.

DOWNING, J. G.;HAZARD, J. B.

1935 Archives of Dermatology and Syphilology

doi: 10.1001/archderm.1935.01460230023002

Abstract Infections of the skin due to Monilia have been recognized as such only since 1914. The majority of the lesions have been present in areas where the skin is more or less constantly moist or in the vicinity of the finger-nails. Strains of Monilia have been demonstrated in perlèche,1 intertrigo,2 erosio interdigitalis,3 dermatitis resulting from constant bathing,4 chronic paronychia and onychia,5 and other conditions.6 The lesions of the skin are in general described as being papular, vesicular, erythematous and scaling, one or several of these types usually being present in a single case. Markedly hyperkeratotic lesions are an unusual finding in infections due to Monilia, and involvement of the glabrous skin is also rare. A case presenting these two features was seen in the dermatologic department of the Boston City Hospital and because of the rarity of its manifestations was thought to warrant being References 1. Frank, L. J.: Perlèche in Adults: Report of Four Cases Apparently Due to Monilia, with Experimental Observations , Arch. Dermat. & Syph. 26:451 ( (Sept.) ) 1932. 2. Finnerud, C. W.: Perlèche: A Clinical and Etiologic Study of One Hundred Cases , Arch. Dermat. & Syph. 20:454 ( (Oct.) ) 1929. 3. Kumer, L.: Die Soormykose der Haut , Arch. f. Dermat. u. Syph. 140: 105, 1922. 4. Berendsen, I.: Weitere Mitteilungen über Erosio interdigitalis blastomycetica , Arch. f. Dermat. u. Syph. 121:751, 1918. 5. Kumer.2 Jacobi, E.: Eine besondere Form der Trichophytie als Folgeerscheinung des dermanenten Bades , Arch. f. Dermat. u. Syph. 84:289, 1907. 6. Kumer.2 Kingery, L. B., and Thienes, C. H.: Mycotic Paronychia and Dermatitis , Arch. Dermat. & Syph. 11:186 ( (Feb.) ) 1925. 7. Bakst, H. J.; Hazard, J. B., and Foley, J. A.: Pulmonary Moniliasis , J. A. M. A. 102:1208 ( (April 14) ) 1934. 8. Nye, R. N.: Zerfas, L. G., and Cornwell, M. A.: The Presence and Importance of Yeastlike Fungi in the Gastrointestinal Tract in Pernicious Anemia, in Other Diseases and in Normal Individuals , Am. J. M. Sc. 175:153 ( (Feb.) ) 1928. 9. Stovall, W. D., and Bubolz, A. A.: Yeast-Like Fungi: Differential Characteristics and Case Reports , J. Lab. & Clin. Med. 18:890 ( (June) ) 1933. 10. Benham, R. W.: Certain Monilias Parasitic on Man; Their Identification by Morphology and by Agglutination , J. Infect. Dis. 49:183 ( (Sept.) ) 1931. 11. Pels, I. R.; Dresel, I., and Salinger, R.: An Unusual Eruption Due to an Organism of the Monilia Group , Arch. Dermat. & Syph. 14:280 ( (Sept.) ) 1926. 12. Smith, E. C.: Dermal Moniliases Among Natives of West Africa , Tr. Roy. Soc. Trop. Med. & Hyg. 21:125 ( (Aug.) ) 1927. 13. Miller, H. E.: Monilia Infections of the Skin , California & West. Med. 35:92 ( (Aug.) ) 1931. 14. Hopkins, J. G.: Moniliasis and Moniliids , Arch. Dermat. & Syph. 25:599 ( (April) ) 1932. 15. MacLeod, J. M. H.: Observations on Some Skin Affections Due to Yeast-Like Fungi , Brit. M. J. 1:1119 ( (June 21) ) 1930. 16. Becker, S. W., and Ritchie, E. B.: The Rôle of Yeasts in the Production of Superficial Dermatitis , Arch. Dermat. & Syph. 22:790 ( (Nov.) ) 1930. 17. Shelmire, B.: Thrush Infections of the Skin , Arch. Dermat. & Syph. 12:789 ( (Dec.) ) 1925. 18. Benham, R. W., and Hopkins, A. M.: Yeastlike Fungi Found on the Skin and in the Intestines of Normal Subjects: A Survey of One Hundred Persons , Arch. Dermat. & Syph. 28:532 ( (Oct.) ) 1933.

1935 Archives of Dermatology and Syphilology

doi: 10.1001/archderm.1935.01460230030003

This article is only available in the PDF format. Download the PDF to view the article, as well as its associated figures and tables. Abstract In the report of the October 1934 meeting of the New York Dermatological Society (Arch. Dermat. & Syph.31:429 [March] 1935), the term "potassium dichromate" in Dr. Fred Wise's discussion of the paper by Dr. Joseph J. Eller, on page 435, should read "chromium sulphate."

WIEDER, LESTER M.

1935 Archives of Dermatology and Syphilology

doi: 10.1001/archderm.1935.01460230031004

Abstract Since the medical profession has taken cognizance of the large and increasing number of dermatoses of fungous origin, interest in their therapy has grown apace, further stimulated by the realization that as yet no highly specific drugs have been developed which yield even reasonably satisfactory results in all proved cases of fungous dermatitis. Continued study of the behavior of various drugs toward pathogenic fungi in the laboratory has served to increase the conviction that many factors other than the specific toxicity demonstrated in the test tube determine the clinical usefulness of a fungicide. Among such factors are included its tolerance by the human skin in concentrations permitting appreciable fungicidal action, its inactivation by various vehicles, the possibility of actual penetration of the chemically active substance to the layers of the epidermis which contain the actively growing organisms and its specificity or lack of toxicity for the species of fungus present. References 1. Hatfield, Ira: Recent Experiments with Chemicals Suggested for Wood Preservation , Proc. Am. Wood Preservers' A . 27:304, 1931. 2. Schmitz, Henry, et al.: A Suggested Toximetric Method for Wood Preservatives , Indust. & Engin. Chem. (Anal. Ed.) 2:361, 1930. 3. Hatfield, Ira: Further Experiments with Chemicals Suggested as Possible Wood Preservatives , Proc. Am. Wood Preservers' A. 28:330, 1932. 4. Lindgren, R. M.; Scheffer, T. C., and Chapman, A. D.: Tests of Chemical Treatments for Control of Sap Stain and Mold in Southern Lumber , Indust. & Engin. Chem. 25:72, 1933. 5. Chapman, A. D., and Scheffer, T. C.: New Chemical Treatment for the Control of Sap Stain and Mold , South. Lumberman , (May 15) , 1933. 6. Leonian, L. H.: Effect of Position of Inoculum on Growth of Some Trichophytons in the Presence of Dyes , Arch. Dermat. & Syph. 25:1016 ( (June) ) 1932. 7. Schamberg, J. F.; Brown, Herman, and Harkins, M. J.: The Chemotherapy of Ringworm Infection , Arch. Dermat. & Syph. 24:1033 ( (Dec.) ) 1931. 8. Emmons, C. W.: Fungicidal Action of Some Common Disinfectants on Two Dermatophytes , Arch. Dermat. & Syph. 28:15 ( (July) ) 1933. 9. Anderson, J. F., and McClintic, T. B.: Method of Standardizing Disinfectants With and Without Organic Materials , U. S. Pub. Health Serv., Hygienic Laboratory Bulletin 82, 1912. 10. Myers, H. B., and Thienes, C. H.: Fungicidal Activity of Certain Oils and Stearoptens: Their Comparative Toxicity on a Pathogenic Yeast-Like Organism , J. A. M. A. 84:1985 ( (June 27) ) 1925. 11. Schamberg, J. F., and Kolmer, J. A.: Studies of the Chemotherapy of Fungus Infections , Arch. Dermat. & Syph. 6:746 ( (Dec.) ) 1922.

ANDERSON, J. MERCER

1935 Archives of Dermatology and Syphilology

doi: 10.1001/archderm.1935.01460230045005

This article is only available in the PDF format. Download the PDF to view the article, as well as its associated figures and tables. Abstract The following case is interesting in many respects and subject to a great deal of speculation. I was the patient, and consequently observations were made more frequently than is ordinarily possible. Some Concord grapes were prepared for grape juice. About two thirds of a bushel were crushed by hand and squeezed through the fingers to break the skins. A number of the grapes were eaten during the process. After part of the grapes had been prepared, the skin on the back of the hands, wrists and forearms began to itch. Later the hands and arms were washed with soap and water to remove the juice and stains, but the skin continued to itch. Within twenty-four hours a red macular rash developed on the areas of itching. At this time some grape marmalade was eaten. The marmalade was prepared from grape skins which were pushed through a sieve and cooked for

MOORE, MORRIS

1935 Archives of Dermatology and Syphilology

doi: 10.1001/archderm.1935.01460230048006

Abstract The growth and study of the so-called bottle bacillus of Unna or pityrosporon of Malassez has for a number of years been a problem not only to dermatologists but to bacteriologists. Its universal presence in cases of seborrhea capitis and seborrhea corporis has led to controversial opinions as to the rôle this particular organism has in these conditions. The fact that it has been noted in dandruff scales, in comedones and in scrapings from psoriatic lesions in addition to the aforementioned forms of seborrhea, leads one to suspect some connection with the disorder other than that of saprophytism or chance contamination. Because of its significant association with the conditions mentioned, the necessity for proving or disproving the pathogenic relationship of this organism was urged on me by Dr. Martin F. Engman Sr. Whether or not Pityrosporum ovale is the etiologic agent of seborrhea, psoriasis or the various forms of dermatitis References 1. Kraus, A.: Ueber das Wesen des sogenannten Unnaschen Flaschenbazillus , Arch. f. Dermat. u. Syph. 116:723, 1913.Crossref 2. Acton, H. W., and Panja, G.: Seborrheic Dermatitis or Pityriasis Capitis: A Lesion Caused by the Malassezia Ovale , Indian M. Gaz. 62:603, 1927. 3. Ota, M., and Huang, P.-T.: Sur les champignons du genre pityrosporum Sabouraud , Ann. de parasitol. 11:49, 1933. 4. Castellani, A.: Notes on Three New Yeast-Like Organisms and a New Bacillus with Remarks on the Clinical Conditions from Which They Have Been Isolated: Furunculosis Blastomycetica, Macroglossia Blastomycetica, Stomatitis Cryptococco-Bacillaris , J. Trop. Med. 28:217, 1925. 5. Templeton, H. J.: A Study of Dandruff and of Pityrosporon of Malassez , Arch. Dermat. & Syph. 14:270 ( (Sept.) ) 1926. 6. MacLeod, J. M. H., and Dowling, G. B.: An Experimental Study of the Pityrosporon of Malassez: Its Morphology, Cultivation and Pathogenicity , Brit. J. Dermat. 40:139, 1928. 7. Benedek, T.: Cryptococcus Malassezi (Pityrosporum Malassezi Sabouraud, 1895) , Zentralbl. f. Bakt. (Abt. 1) 116:317, 1930. 8. Malassez, L.: Note sur le champignon de la pelade , Arch. de physiol. norm. et path. 1:203, 1874. 9. Bizzozero, J.: Ueber die Mikrophyten der normalen Oberhaut des Menschen , Virchows Arch. f. path. Anat. 98:441, 1884.

MOORE, MORRIS;KILE, ROY L.

1935 Archives of Dermatology and Syphilology

doi: 10.1001/archderm.1935.01460230059007

Abstract The purpose of this paper is to report a case of generalized or disseminated, subcutaneous, gummatous, ulcerating sporotrichosis with a possible pulmonary complication and subsequent cure. The case is remarkable in that the condition closely simulated tertiary syphilis, the syphiloid type of sporotrichosis. The organism recovered from an active, unruptured lesion was identified as Sporotrichum Beurmanni, Matruchot and Ramond, 1905, a species which is considered as doubtfully distinct from Sporotrichum Schenckii. A study and description of the morphology, cultural characteristics, biochemical reactions and animal pathogenicity of the fungus are included. This case is worthy of report since it represents a type of infection seen most frequently in France and rarely in the United States. Sporotrichosis is an infection caused by one of several species of the genus Sporotrichum, a fungus of the class fungi imperfecti of the conidia-bearing group. The infection is subacute or chronic and is characterized usually by References 1. Montagne, cited by Saccardo: Sylloge fungorum omnium huiusque cognitorum, Patavii, sumptibus auctoris, 1886, vol. 4, p. 100. 2. Schenck, B. R.: On Refractory Subcutaneous Abscesses Caused by a Fungus Possibly Related to the Sporotricha , Bull. Johns Hopkins Hosp. 9:286, 1898. 3. Hektoen, L., and Perkins, C. F.: Refractory Subcutaneous Abscesses Caused by Sporothrix Schencki: A New Pathogenic Fungus , J. Exper. Med. 5:77, 1900.Crossref 4. Grütz, O., in Jadassohn, J.: Handbuch der Haut- und Geschlechtskrankheiten , Berlin, Julius Springer, 1928, vol. 11, p. 722. 5. de Beurmann, L., and Ramond, L.: Abcès souscutanés multiples d'origine mycosique , Ann. de dermat. et syph. 4:678, 1903. 6. de Beurmann, L., and Gougerot, H.: Les sporotrichoses , Paris, Felix Alcan, 1912. 7. Jacobson, H. P.: Fungous Diseases: A Clinico-Mycological Text , Springfield, Ill., Charles C. Thomas, Publisher, 1932. 8. de Beurmann, L., and Gougerot, H.: Les sporotrichum pathogènes: classification botanique , Arch. de parasitol. 15:5, 1911. 9. Grütz, O.: Ueber eine eigenartige Form von Sporotrichose mit Befund von Sporotrichon Gougeroti , Dermat. Wchnschr. 81:1709, 1925. 10. Link: Mag. ges. naturf. Freunde 3:12, 1809. 11. Davis, D. J.: The Formation of Chlamydospores in Sporothrix Schenckii , J. Infect. Dis. 15:483, 1914Crossref 12. Chromogenesis in Sporotricha , Davis J. Infect. Dis. 17:174, 1915.Crossref 13. Meyer, K. F., and Aird, J. A.: Various Sporotricha Differentiated by the Fermentation of Carbohydrates (Studies on American Sporotrichosis) , J. Infect. Dis. 16:399, 1915.Crossref 14. Forbus, W. D.: Pulmonary Sporotrichosis , Am. Rev. Tuberc. 16:598,1927.

HASSELMANN, C. M.

1935 Archives of Dermatology and Syphilology

doi: 10.1001/archderm.1935.01460230073008

Abstract Arsphenamine and its derivatives have to be considered still the best and the most efficacious drugs for the treatment of syphilis as well as of yaws. There has been lately a tendency to overemphasize the efficacy and harmlessness of the various bismuth preparations. Though these may cause the disappearance of symptoms in treponematosis, particularly those of the early stage, they will neither produce permanent destruction of treponemes nor insure a permanent cure in perhaps the vast majority of cases. As Lesser1 has pointed out, it is regrettable that the combined treatment with arsphenamine and bismuth has been recommended indiscriminately for all cases of treponematosis when there is no direct need for combining arsphenamine with bismuth. Now that the initial wave of enthusiasm has ebbed in regard to the supposedly permanent action of bismuth on the disease and its low toxicity for the human body, it is high time and References 1. Lesser, E.: Med. Welt 5:583 ( (April 25) ) 1931. 2. Hasselmann, C. M.: Yaws and Syphilis: Problems, Clinical Studies and Experimental Evidence Concerning Their Relationship , China M. J. 45:1131, 1931. 3. Hudelo, L., and Rabut, R.: Reactions de la bismuthothérapie antisyphilitique sur le tube digestif, la peau et le système nerveux , Bull. Soc. franç. de dermat. et syph. 31:34, 1924. 4. Kolle, W.: Arch. f. Dermat. u. Syph. 151:274, 1926.Crossref 5. Evers, E., and Albrecht, B.: Deutsche med. Wchnschr. 51:1564, 1925. 6. Stokes, J. H.: Clinical Treatment Problems in Today's Syphilology , J. A. M. A. 94:1029 ( (April 5) ) 1930.Crossref 7. Réunion dermatologique de Strasbourg, June 8, 1930 , Bull. Soc. franç. de dermat. et syph. 37:847 ( (July) ) 1930. 8. Therap. Notes , Parke, Davis & Co., (Sept.) 1932, p. 247. 9. Schoebl, O., and Hasselmann, C. M.: Philippine J. Sc. 35:209, 1928 10. Arch. f. Schiffs- u. Tropen-Hyg. ( (supp. 2) ) 36:1, 1932. 11. Dr. Pablo Anzures, of the College of Medicine, University of the Philippines, who performed the autopsy, allowed me to have his notes. 12. Hasselmann, C. M.: Frambösie and Syphilis , Zentralbl. f. Haut- u. Geschlechtskr. 33:273, 1930 13. China M. J. 45:1131, 1931 14. Our Present Conception of the Relationship of Yaws to Syphilis , Caduceus (Univ. Hongkong) 11:105, 1932 15. Ulcer of the Leg , Arch. Dermat. & Syph. 28:44 ( (July) ) 1933. 16. Dyson: Pharm. J. 120:582, 1928 17. 123:431, 1929. 18. Cole, H. N.: Am. J. Syph. 16:9, 1932. 19. Gruhzit, O. M.; Lyons, E., and Perkins, R.: Bismuth Thioglycollate in Experimental and Clinical Treatment of Syphilis , Arch. Dermat. & Syph. 15:550 ( (May) ) 1927. 20. Greenbaum, S. S., and Rule, A. M.: Am. J. Syph. 15:59, 1931. 21. Mackenna, R. M. B.: Lancet 1:178 ( (Jan. 25) ) 1930. 22. Fletcher, L. Z.: Personal communication to the author. 23. Schwartz, S. C.: J. Lab. & Clin. Med. 16:197, 1930.

MOORE, MERRILL;SOLOMON, HARRY C.

1935 Archives of Dermatology and Syphilology

doi: 10.1001/archderm.1935.01460230079009

Abstract THE CONCEPT OF NEUROSYPHILIS The present day concept of syphilis of the nervous system is little over one hundred years old. It has been developed by definite stages in which Bayle, Virchow, Heubner, Nissl, Alzheimer, Hoffman, Ehrlich, Noguchi, Moore and others have played successive rôles. Owing to the classic accomplishments of these pioneer students of neurosyphilis, one is able to comprehend its syndromes today as the phenomena of a chronic infection reaction in the human nervous system caused by Spirochaeta pallida. Through the changes in the blood and the spinal fluid and the reactions of the meninges, vessels and parenchyma of the brain, the clinical and pathologic aspects of these important disease entities are daily being revealed in increasing completeness.Prior to the publication of the work of Bayle and of the other investigators of the period that his observations initiated, the picture of neurosyphilis was not at all clear. References 1. von Hutten, U.: De guaiaci medicina et morbo gallico , Moguntiae, J. Schaeffer, 1519, book 1. 2. von Hutten, U.: Von der wunderbarlichen Artzney des Holtz, Guaiacum genant, und wie man die Frantzosen oder Blatteren heilen sol... durch... T. Murner... geteutschet , Strasbourg, J. Grieninger, 1519. 3. von Hutten, U.: Of the Wood Called Guaiacum, That Healeth the Frenche Pockes, and Also Helpeth the Goute in the Feete, the Stoone, the Palsey, Lepres, Dropsy, Fallinge Evyll and Other Dyseases , translated by Thomas Paynell, London, T. Berthelet, 1539. 4. von Hutten, U.: Ueber die Heilkraft des Guaiacum und die Franzosenseuche, übersetzt von Dr. Med. Heinrich Oppenheimer , Berlin, August Hirschwald, 1902. 5. von Hutten, U.: Livre sur la maladie française et sur les propriétés du bois de gayac. Orné d'un portrait de l'auteur, precédé d'une notice historique sur sa vie et ses ouvrages. Traduit du latin, accompagné de commentaires, d'études médicales, d'observations critiques, de recherches historiques, biographiques et bibliographiques , par le Dr. F. F. A. Potton, Lyons, L. Perrin, 1865. 6. von Hutten, U.: The Remarkable Medicine Guaiacum and the Cure of the Gallic Disease , translated by Clarence W. Mendell, Arch. Dermat. & Syph. 23:409 ( (March) ) 681, (April) 1045, (June) 1931. 7. One cannot help remarking on the difference between the attitude toward syphilis in the sixteenth century and that which exists today. Then it was discussed openly as any other disease; now it is a matter of the greatest secrecy. In fact, to state that a person has syphilis opens one to a charge of libel. One wonders when and why the attitude changed. 8. This is suggestive of dementia paralytica. 9. Ann Leslie Nichol Moore aided in the translation of the original sources of this paper. 10. Stokes, F. G.: Epistolae obscurorum virorum (Latin and English) , London, Chatto and Windus, 1909.

Pusey, William Allen

1935 Archives of Dermatology and Syphilology

doi: 10.1001/archderm.1935.01460230088010

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Rattner, Herbert

1935 Archives of Dermatology and Syphilology

doi: 10.1001/archderm.1935.01460230088011

References 1. Lain, Everett: Chemical and Electrolytic Lesions of the Oral Cavity Produced by Metallic Dentures , Arch. Dermat. & Syph. 25:21 ( (Jan.) ) 1932.

Snipes, James J.

1935 Archives of Dermatology and Syphilology

doi: 10.1001/archderm.1935.01460230089012

This article is only available in the PDF format. Download the PDF to view the article, as well as its associated figures and tables.

1935 Archives of Dermatology and Syphilology

doi: 10.1001/archderm.1935.01460230090013

This article is only available in the PDF format. Download the PDF to view the article, as well as its associated figures and tables.

Rattner, Herbert

1935 Archives of Dermatology and Syphilology

doi: 10.1001/archderm.1935.01460230091014

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Driver, J. R.;Barney, R. E.

1935 Archives of Dermatology and Syphilology

doi: 10.1001/archderm.1935.01460230105015

This article is only available in the PDF format. Download the PDF to view the article, as well as its associated figures and tables. Abstract Calcinosis Universalis. Presented by Dr. A. J. Horesch, Cleveland, and Dr. George W. Binkley, Cleveland. C. C., a girl aged 10 years, is presented from the service of Dr. H. J. Gerstenberger of the department of pediatrics, University Hospitals. In 1927 it was found that the patient had congenital syphilis, and until December 1929 she received treatment which included twenty-five intramuscular injections of a bismuth preparation and seven injections of mercury. In October 1920 the child began to complain of stiffness of the hip joints; the condition became progressively worse until January 1934, at which time she was admitted to the City Hospital for scarlet fever; this was followed by erysipelas. She had varicella at the age of 6 years, and in January 1931 she had meningomyelitis preceded by stiffness of the hip joints. At the time of admission to the hospital for treatment of the scarlet fever, the patient

Hyde, G. Warren;Hasley, Clyde K.

1935 Archives of Dermatology and Syphilology

doi: 10.1001/archderm.1935.01460230113016

This article is only available in the PDF format. Download the PDF to view the article, as well as its associated figures and tables. Abstract A Case for Diagnosis (Lichen Nitidus?). Presented by Dr. Rollin H. Stevens. This Hungarian youth, aged 23, presents an eruption on the left breast. It is pigmented, yellowish brown, of the color of chamois skin and situated lateral to the nipple. In some places it is composed of small, flat, shiny lesions; in other parts it is follicular with plugs. There are no symptoms associated with the eruption.When I first saw the patient on July 2, 1934, the disorder presented the appearance heretofore described. At present one can scarcely see any follicular plugs, and even the flat, shiny, pinhead-sized papules have nearly disappeared.The patient has had six mild roentgen treatments between July 2 and Oct. 2, 1934. DISCUSSION Dr. Harther L. Keim: If I could disregard the history, I should much prefer to class this eruption as a nevus.Dr. Howard J. Parkhurst: I agree with Dr. Keim,

Wien, Max S.;Mitchell, James H.

1935 Archives of Dermatology and Syphilology

doi: 10.1001/archderm.1935.01460230122017

This article is only available in the PDF format. Download the PDF to view the article, as well as its associated figures and tables. Abstract Syringoma. Fibroma of the Oral Mucosa. Presented by Dr. E. P. Zeisler. This woman, aged 41, states that for ten years she has had multiple lesions over the thorax, chiefly in the axillary regions, and on the eyelids.The lesions on the eyelids are the size of a split pea, translucent, whitish and nodular. Those on the chest are discrete, firm, flesh-colored papules. On the oral mucous membrane there is a firm, bean-sized pedunculated tumor.Biopsy material from one of the lesions on the chest was typical of syringoma. DISCUSSION Dr. Oliver S. Ormsby: I think that the condition is typical of syringoma, but one does not often see lesions of this type on the face. Multiple benign cystic epithelioma occurs characteristically on the face and is distinct from syringocystadenoma. The former is familial; it begins in early childhood and lasts indefinitely. Syringocystoma occurs usually in females, begins at about

Silver, Henry;Chargin, Louis

1935 Archives of Dermatology and Syphilology

doi: 10.1001/archderm.1935.01460230146018

This article is only available in the PDF format. Download the PDF to view the article, as well as its associated figures and tables. Abstract Rosacea-Like Tuberculid of Lewandowsky? Presented by Dr. Marion B. Sulzberger for Dr. Adolph Rostenberg Jr. J. P., a man aged 29, first came to the clinic of the New York Post-Graduate Medical School and Hospital on Dec. 31, 1931. At that time the right cheek presented a well defined violet-red area about 1.5 by 2 cm. which was covered with fine adherent scales. There were telangiectasia and a few crusted papules. A similar lesion covered most of the forehead. The patient stated that these lesions had been present for one and one-half years and that local therapy plus irradiation with 15 quarter-unit doses (75 roentgens) of roentgen rays had proved ineffectual. The past history is irrelevant except for the fact that six years ago the patient was operated on for an anal fistula.Quantitative intradermal injections of old tuberculin revealed a general hypersensitivity. A Moro test and a patch test

Anderson, Nelson Paul;Frost, Kendal

1935 Archives of Dermatology and Syphilology

doi: 10.1001/archderm.1935.01460230155019

This article is only available in the PDF format. Download the PDF to view the article, as well as its associated figures and tables. Abstract Extensive Depigmentation. Presented by Dr. Irving R. Bancroft. F. C., a Negro aged 37, states that his mother is a Negress but has some Indian blood. His father is white. The patient was moderately black until he was 18 years old, at which time he began to lose the pigment of the skin. At the age of 22 he was almost entirely white. Now when he is exposed to the sunlight pigmented spots develop. Physical examination gave normal results except for the depigmentation involving practically nine tenths of the body. The history is irrelevant. No biopsy had been made. DISCUSSION Dr. E. D. Lovejoy: This patient reminds me of one whom Dr. Schamberg presented several years ago who was completely depigmented except for some conspicuous spots on the cheeks which he wished removed. Although many methods were tried, it was impossible to remove the spots.Dr. Kendal Frost: It is

1935 Archives of Dermatology and Syphilology

doi: 10.1001/archderm.1935.01460230161020