Race and Justice

Williams, Jason M.

doi: 10.1177/21533687251372327pmid: N/A

Y. Barnaby, Carlene; Apel, Robert; A. Peguero, Anthony

doi: 10.1177/21533687231178320pmid: N/A

As the population of children of immigrants increases within the United States, the importance of ensuring the safety, while understanding and addressing adverse experiences with victimization and perpetration, of this segment of the youth population has become paramount. Segmented assimilation theory, which postulates that discrimination, prejudice, and adverse life experiences could place the children of immigrants on a path towards detrimental outcomes, guides this study. In this research, data is drawn from the Children of Immigrant Longitudinal Study to explore if prior detrimental experiences of the children of immigrants, such as discrimination and perceptions of racial/ethnic prejudice, are associated with more frequent reports of being victimized and getting into fights at school, as well as feeling unsafe. Findings suggest racial/ethnic distinctions and nuances regarding how discrimination and prejudice contribute to these school outcomes for the children of immigrants. The implications of these findings are discussed.

Roberts, Aki

doi: 10.1177/21533687231198855pmid: N/A

Based on the theoretical notion that racial hierarchy influences inequality in criminal justice outcomes, previous crime clearance studies have included victims’ race as a salient predictor of clearance. However, Asian American victims are seldom studied, often dropped from the analysis or combined as “other” with smaller racial groups. The unique and dialectical position of Asian Americans in the U.S. racial stratification system, simultaneously considered as “honorary White” and stigmatized as “perpetual foreigner” and “yellow peril,” should attract more research interest in the area of racial inequality in criminal justice outcomes. Using National Incident-Based Reporting System (NIBRS) data, the current study examines racial/ethnic differences in crime clearance by arrest, with special attention given to Asian victims in comparison to White, Black, Hispanic, and Native American victims. The survival analysis found no statistically significant difference in crime clearance between White and Asian victims, with their clearance likelihood higher than for victims from other minority groups. The current analysis also found that the use of a simpler White/non-White dichotomy or placement of Asians in a broad “other” category risks obscuring important differences in crime clearance between Asians and other minority groups.

Green, Cherrell; Meadows, Jermaine

doi: 10.1177/21533687241296639pmid: N/A

This study draws on interviews with 20 low-income Black men to understand how they enact and maintain resilience over the course of their lives. Guided by Payne’s (2011) sites of resilience theoretical framework, this study offers a more comprehensive understanding as to how Black men maintain resilience while experiencing ongoing exposure to violence and trauma. In the absence of external resources, some men rested on their cultural assets provided by religion; while in response to structural violence, other Black men enacted resilience through gang membership, crime, and interpersonal violence. Additionally, we provide a nuanced discussion as to how participants engage in multiple resiliency strategies, that in some cases may appear contradictory. Black men engaged in these behaviors with the hopes of preserving their safety—both physically and psychologically, in a society that has never been interested in keeping them safe.Plain Language Summary TitleResilience and how Black men respond to traumatic experiences over their lives

Tam, Dora M. Y.; Archer-Kuhn, Beth; Beltrano, Natalie R.; Trudgill, Diane I. N.; Bozalioglu, Tugce M. S.

doi: 10.1177/21533687251356285pmid: 40949176

This paper reports findings from a mixed-methods study, which aimed to examine challenges in shared parenting among racial minority women survivors of domestic violence who have a young child under the age of 4. Fifteen racial minority women were among the 84 respondents who first participated in an online questionnaire survey to study shared parenting experiences. Based on the questionnaire survey findings, we developed semi-structured questions and invited the surveyed women to participate in an in-depth individual interview. Five of the 15 racial minority women who participated in the survey were interviewed. These five women were no longer in their heterosexual relationships with the perpetrator of violence. From the quantitative data analysis, racial minority women in this study more frequently experienced physical hurt, excessive texting from ex-partners, self-reported anxiety, financial hardship, and a lack of social support, compared with the non-racialized participants. Findings from the qualitative interviews suggest that racial minority women in this study shared strong resilience in coping with all of these challenges. They value family ties, choose to forgo the court system, stay positive, and embrace new intimate relationships. This paper shares rare and valuable findings from these racial minority women survivors and discusses implications on education and practice for service providers.

Gillespie, Lane Kirkland; Fillmore, Melanie L.

doi: 10.1177/21533687241293137pmid: N/A

Influenced by Indigenous grassroots efforts and the growing momentum of Missing and Murdered Indigenous Persons movements across the country, states have begun enacting legislation to recognize this issue and call for research on the scope of missing Indigenous persons. In response to one such call, we conducted an exploratory and descriptive study collecting (1) three point-in-time counts of missing persons in Idaho and (2) annual National Crime Information Center (NCIC) missing person entry data. Point-in-time count findings indicate that Indigenous persons are disproportionately represented among Idaho's missing persons, that most Indigenous missing persons are females, and about half are children (under 21). In comparing the publicly accessible missing persons lists, we find the state clearinghouse list is more comprehensive than the two national lists. Findings from the annual NCIC entry data demonstrate that a higher percentage of Idaho's entries are for Indigenous persons compared with the percentage nationwide. These findings are discussed in the context of relevant existing research, along with implications for policy.Plain Language Summary TitleDetermining the Extent of Missing Native American Persons in Idaho

Slakoff, Danielle C.; Duran, Destiny

doi: 10.1177/21533687231199271pmid: N/A

True crime podcasts are a newer addition to the media and true crime landscape, and listenership is steadily growing. While other forms of true crime have been shown to overrepresent harm against White women and children, no study to date has examined whether White missing women/girls are overrepresented in true crime podcasts compared to women/girls of color. In this study, the researchers examined data from four of the top listened-to podcasts in the United States with two goals in mind: (1) to determine whether White women and girls are overrepresented in true crime podcasts about missing women/girls and (2) to report on the overarching themes, if any, found in podcast episode titles and descriptions for episodes that feature missing women/girls. Based on data gleaned from podcast titles and descriptions, descriptive results show that White women and girls were overrepresented in episodes about missing women/girls compared to missing women and girls of color. Further, an inductive qualitative content analysis of episode descriptions revealed that some were written in casual/friendly tones, which signified an affable relationship between the hosts and the listeners. Areas of further inquiry are discussed, as is the need to uplift podcasts that feature stories about people of color.

Francisco, Sara C.; McMillan, Cassie

doi: 10.1177/21533687241226673pmid: N/A

Recent instances of racial injustice and the growth of the Black Lives Matter movement have spurred conversations about police reform across the United States. Exposure to police aggression through the second-hand accounts of family members, friends, and the media is known to shape individuals’ perceptions of law enforcement. However, it remains unclear whether social media platforms can also facilitate vicarious exposure to racialized police violence. The current study addresses this gap by focusing on patterns of hashtag usage in a sample of over 350,000 tweets related to law enforcement. Tweets in our sample were posted following the murders of Michael Brown in 2014 and George Floyd in 2020, enabling us to make comparisons across the two sociotemporal contexts. We find that police-related hashtags were more common in 2020 than 2014. Additionally, from the reconceptualization of our data as hashtag co-occurrence networks, we find that Twitter conversations about law enforcement were more likely to occur in disconnected, polarized clusters during the latter period. Findings demonstrate that there is a polarization of online discourse around struggles for racial justice, which limits the ability for social media platforms to expose members to the public to new perspectives on police reform.

Peeler, Grant; Pieri, Zacharias P.; Grosholz, Jessica M.; McCullough, Martha

doi: 10.1177/21533687241299786pmid: N/A

While there has been research on the cultural products of white power groups, this project qualitatively examines one piece of the contemporary far right ecosystem—white power music album covers. More specifically, we examine 99 album covers featuring “Moon Man,” an imaginary character developed by anonymous music artists to better understand the symbols and ideas of this movement. The study finds that Moon Man was present on 84.8% of record covers, along with depictions of firearms, Nazi symbolism, and pro-Confederate images as well as anti-Semitic and anti-Black imagery and examples of political violence. The album art of the Moon Man project serves as a potent tool for intimidation, as it actively advocates for white supremacy and racially motivated violence. Further research is needed to evaluate the content and musical elements of the album's lyrics, analyze consumer engagement, and develop effective approaches to counteract the increasing incidents of hate crimes.