Prefacedoi: 10.1088/1757-899X/935/1/011001pmid: N/A
The International Conference on Forest Products (ICFP) 2020, held on September 1st, 2020, is the third international conference organized by Forest Products Research and Development Center, Ministry of Environment and Forestry, Republic of Indonesia. The forum this time is exceptional because it is held virtually during the COVID 19 pandemic, which has not ended. Besides, it also raises the thematic series of the 12th International Symposium of IWoRS (Indonesian Wood Research Society). It is a strategic step to develop a research network in the field of forest product processing with various areas for the management of forest resources and the environment. This conference is a forum for researchers, scientists, and all stakeholders from multiple research institutions and universities to exchange information and experiences and develop research and development collaborations and synergies. Therefore, we still held this conference even though it is virtually through the zoom application.The theme of the ICFP 2020 thematic series 12th International Symposium of IWoRS is Forest Products Processing Innovation for Communities and Sustainable Forest and Environment Management, which is a strategic theme to encourage the role of science and technology in commercialization and to increase the complete application of science and technology.More than 600 participants and invitees attended the conference. The conference was held with plenary sessions and parallel sessions based on topics. In this forum, we discussed and listened to information about policies and developments in science and technology in the area of forest product processing, with keynote speakers from Indonesia, Japan, and Korea. There are 75 local and international presenters from various institutions in Indonesia and other countries. They presented outstanding science and technology information on timber and non-timber forest products, biomass and renewable energy, bio-composite and nanotechnology, wood engineering, policy, and sustainable forest management.Information on research results at this conference can be a benchmark for future research and development and become a modality for developing research and development collaborations.Thank you.Dr. Wening Sri WulandariChairman of Organizing Committee
Peer review declarationdoi: 10.1088/1757-899X/935/1/011002pmid: N/A
All papers published in this volume of IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering have been peer reviewed through processes administered by the Editors. Reviews were conducted by expert referees to the professional and scientific standards expected of a proceedings journal published by IOP Publishing.Type of peer review is available in this PDF.
Waste extracts from forest plants and their application as natural coloring for fabricsBasri, E; Saefudin,
doi: 10.1088/1757-899X/935/1/012001pmid: N/A
Wood wastes and tree barks are rich in natural coloring-pigments, such as tannin, flavonoids, and anthocyanins. If extracted, those compounds can be beneficial as coloring agents for fabrics. The research aimed to obtain yields of dry extracts from bark wastes of secang (Caesalpinia sp.), bakau merah (Rhizophora apiculata), ketapang (Terminalia sp.), and mangium (Acacia mangium); as well as from wood wastes of secang and ketapang. Wet extracts were obtained through waste extraction using pure water solvent with waste/water ratio 1:4 and 1:6 (w/v), each implementing of two temperatures (60°C and 70°C) and three long immersion treatments before extracting (0/control, 12, and 24 hours). The obtained wet extracts were applied for coloring the fabrics, followed with 3 fixation treatment, i.e. tawas, kapur tohor, and tunjung; and then tested for color-fastness resistance of fabrics against, i.e. washing, ironing, and sun ray referred to the SNI-ISO standards. The results indicated that bakau minyak barks extract brought out the fabric colors to the best result, and the yield dry extract was the highest. The natural coloring extracts of bakau minyak barks produced the best coloring performance of the fabrics against consecutive washing and sun-ray exposure, that is moderate until good (score 3-4), and the ironing results in good until very good (4-5). The yield dry extract of the barks was 28% after implementing 24 hours immersion in water before extraction, weight ratio between the extracted barks and water at 1:4 (w/v), and extraction temperature at 70°C.
Works experience of chainsaw operators in peat swamp forest plantation in increasing timber productivity and efficiencySuhartana, S; Yuniawati,
doi: 10.1088/1757-899X/935/1/012002pmid: N/A
Felling is one of the logging activities that determines wood production. The appropriate and correct felling technique in plantation forests can increase the Efficiency of Timber Utilization (ETU). This research was conducted in one of the peat swamp forest plantation in Riau. The research objective is to determine the effect of work experience on the productivity and ETU in peat swamp forest plantations. The research method is by measuring the volume of wood harvested through local felling technique carried out by two chainsaw operators with different work experience. The results showed that: 1) The work experience of the chainsaw operator can effect felling productivity, production cost and ETU; 2) The average felling productivity produced by operator B is 10.151 m3/hour higher than operator A which is 8.888 m3/hour; 3) The average felling production cost for operator B is IDR 9,319.83/m3 lower than operator A which is IDR 10,812.79/m3; and 4) The lowest possible felling technique can increase ETU by 5% which is equivalent to an additional profit for the company of IDR 3,769,075,000/year.
Distribution of permethrin on laminated bamboo after the preservative treatment using SC-CO2 as a carrier solventUslinawaty, Z; Muin, M; Suhasman,
doi: 10.1088/1757-899X/935/1/012003pmid: N/A
This study was conducted to determine the presence of the insecticide permethrin and its retention gradients within the structure of laminated bamboo after treatment using supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO2) as the carrier solvent. the presence of permetrin was based on functional group differences indicated by FT-IR analyses before and after the preservative treatment. Permethrin retentions in the treated bamboo materials ranged from 0.0020 to 0.0022%. This result indicated that the preservative treatment of laminated bamboo using SC-CO2 as a carrier solvent produced evenly distributed chemical an effective level. There was no signicant distribution gradient of the preservative observed over the layers of the treated laminated bamboo arranged with outer-inner surface laminations. The current treatment condition is potential to produce laminated bamboo products completely resistant to biodegradation.
Screening of antioxidant and antidiabetic activity from fruit bark, stem bark and leaves of Gyrinops versteegii (Gilg.) DomkeSukito, A; Darmawan, S; Prihantini, A I
doi: 10.1088/1757-899X/935/1/012004pmid: N/A
Agarwood is a commodity that has many benefits for the community, one of which is as medicine. Gyrinops versteegi (Gilg.) Domke, as one of plant producing agarwood and an endemic plant in West Nusa Tenggara, has less information of biological activity. The present study aims to investigate the biological activities from G. versteegii, particularly for anti-oxidants and anti-diabetic activities and their cytotoxicity. The 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH)-radical scavenging activity assay was used to determine the anti-oxidant activity, whereas the α-glucosidase inhibition assay was conducted to determine the antidiabetic activity. The cytotoxicity test used brine shrimp lethality test (BSLT) and phytochemical analysis were also conducted. The highest anti-oxidant and antidiabetic activity was found in the methanol extract of leaves from infected G. versteegii with IC50 values of 32.89±2.7 and 55.01±2.4 μg/mL, respectively. The cytotoxicity test showed high toxicity with the LC50 value of 1.09 μg/mL. Therefore, their high activities showed that those extracts are potent for antioxidant and anti-diabetic agent.
The effect of pre-freezing treatment on the color changes and wettability of teak wood (Tectona grandis Linn.F.)Adzkia, U; Rahayu, I S; Karlinasari, L
doi: 10.1088/1757-899X/935/1/012005pmid: N/A
Pre-freezing treatment is one of the methods used for increased the properties of wood. The pre-freezing treatment affects the physical properties of wood, extractive, and surface conditions, this will affect the wettability of wood and wood color. The purpose of this research was to evaluate the effect of pre-freezing treatment on the color changes and changes in contact angle and wettability of wood. The study was conducted on teak wood (Tectona grandis) with the temperature -16°C for 24 hours and 48 hours. The results of this study showed that the pre-freezing treatment made decreasing of brightness with a reduction of the k-value. Besides, the pre-freezing time affected the wettability of wood. The wettability of wood was declined with increased time of pre-freezing. Wood utilization as a raw material of composite needed more treatment to increase the wettability of wood.
The residual stand damages due to log skidding using crawler tractor at one logging company in Central KalimantanDulsalam, ; Sukadaryati, ; Soenarno,
doi: 10.1088/1757-899X/935/1/012006pmid: N/A
An investigation on residual stand damages due to log skidding using a skidding tractor was carried out at one logging company in Central Kalimantan in 2012. The objective is to find out information about residual stand damages on trees, poles, and sapling caused by Conventional Log Skidding (CLS system) and Low Impact Log Skidding (LILS system). Data on stand potency consists of tree, pole and sapling levels as well as the number of trees felled were collected. The investigation revealed that damage to the level of standing trees, poles, and sapling skidding caused by CLS system at PT Gunung Meranti was 11.40% (Coefficient of variation/CV) 7.95%; 9.53% (CV 14.74%) and 14.84% (CV 16.92%), respectively. The average damage of standing trees, poles and sapling caused by LILS system in PT Gunung Meranti respectively was 9.85% (CV 14.00%); 7.54% (CV 9.81%) and 12,55% (CV 16.60%). LILS system could reduce the damages to the standing trees.
Phytochemical test and physical chemical properties of rubber honey from three types of bees (Apis mellifera, Apis dorsata and Trigona Itama)Adalina, Y; Kusmiati, E; Pudjiani, M
doi: 10.1088/1757-899X/935/1/012007pmid: N/A
The rubber plant is one type of plant as a source of nectar for honey bees. This study aims to determine the characteristics of rubber honey from Apis melifera, Apis dorsata, and Trigona itama bees based on phytochemical screening and honey’s physicochemical properties. The observed variables consisted of active compound content, water content, honey color, pH value, acidity, Hydroxyl Methyl Furfural (HMF) and reducing sugars. Rubber honey samples were taken by purposive sampling from A. mellifera honey beekeepers in Jepara Regency, Central Java Province, T. itama honey beekeepers in Tapin District, South Kalimantan Province and A. dorsata honey beekeepers in West Bangka Regency, Bangka-Belitung Province. The results showed that rubber honey from the three types of bees met the honey quality standard based on SNI 8664-2018, except for the water content. There are differences in honey’s Physico chemical characteristics from the three types of bees, which include differences in the value of color intensity, acidity, HMF levels, and reducing sugar levels. All honey samples contain active compounds saponins, flavonoids, and phenols but do not contain alkaloids, tannins, triterpenoids, and steroids. The need for post-harvest honey treatment reduces the water content of honey with a dehumidifier tool to comply with SNI standards.
Bamboo, farmer motivation on cultivation and its affecting factorsFauziyah, E; Sanudin,
doi: 10.1088/1757-899X/935/1/012008pmid: N/A
Motivation is an important factor to encourage community on bamboo cultivation or maintain existing bamboo plantation. This study aims to determine farmer motivation on bamboo cultivation and its affecting factors. This research was conducted in Sukaharja Village, Rajadesa Sub-district, Ciamis District, West Java on November 2016. Primary data collection is done through interviews and Focus Group Discussion (FGD) with 30 farmers involved in the development of bamboo agroforestry demonstration plots. The questionnaire consisted of socioeconomic characteristics of farmers and farmers motivations for bamboo cultivation. A survey was conducted to determine the motivation statements of farmers on bamboo cultivation using five-point Likert-type scale from 1 = strongly disagree to 5 = strongly agree. Data analysis was carried out using descriptive methods and Likert’s Summated Rating (SLR). The result showed that farmer motivation on bamboo cultivation in Sukaharja Village was low. The number of family dependents and the number of information sources are affecting farmer motivation on bamboo cultivation. The farmer motivation on bamboo cultivation can be increased through providing a comprehensive information from stakeholders such as research institute, universities and others stakeholder and increasing the added value of bamboo such as post-harvest processing and expanding its marketing network.