Assessment of the suitability and durability of a recycled polymer product as a building componentMarkovičová, L; Zatkalíková, V; Chobot, P
doi: 10.1088/1742-6596/2931/1/012008pmid: N/A
The aim of this work is to assess the influence of natural environmental conditions (temperature, time, humidity, microorganisms, UV radiation) on the modification of the properties of polypropylene composites. The study evaluates the suitability and durability of recycled polymer products by investigating changes in tensile strength, hardness and fire performance under natural ageing conditions. Recycled polymers offer environmental benefits, but their longterm properties require careful assessment for practical applications. Samples were exposed to natural weathering for a specified period and mechanical properties were measured periodically. Tensile strength was evaluated to determine structural integrity, hardness to assess surface durability and fire properties to ensure compliance with safety regulations. The results showed an initial slight increase in tensile strength and hardness. With increasing length of exposure, the composite started to degrade gradually which was reflected by a decrease in the monitored parameters. The fire resistance proved to be insufficient as the composite exhibited poor fire safety in both horizontal and vertical directions, but this can be improved by the addition of fire retardants. The study concluded that although recycled polymers show promising durability, specific formulations may require improvements to maintain mechanical properties over time.
Sorption Kinetics of Copper Ions on Biochar and ZeoliteKucmanová, A; Ščasná, M; Sirotiak, M; Šido, J
doi: 10.1088/1742-6596/2931/1/012023pmid: N/A
This study evaluates the sorption kinetics and adsorption isotherms of copper ions (Cu2+) onto soil amended with biochar and natural zeolite. Biochar was produced from beech wood at pyrolysis temperatures of 400 °C and 500 °C, while clinoptilolite zeolite was used as a natural mineral sorbent. Sorption experiments assessed the efficiency and behaviour of Cu2+ uptake, with data fitted to linear, Freundlich, and Langmuir isotherm models. The results showed that biochar produced at 400 °C had the highest adsorption capacity, with a maximum value Smax of 172.58 mg/g, followed by zeolite at 162.52 mg/g and biochar at 500 °C with 158.86 mg/g. All sorbents exhibited strong linear adsorption behaviour, with correlation coefficients near or above 0.999, suggesting a uniform adsorption affinity. These findings demonstrate the effectiveness of biochar and zeolite as sustainable options for Cu2+ removal from contaminated soils, providing insights into optimising sorbent selection and pyrolysis conditions for environmental remediation.
Surface modification of parts manufactured by fused deposition modelingPätoprstý, B; Morovič, L; Buranský, I; Dubnička, M; Vozár, M
doi: 10.1088/1742-6596/2931/1/012020pmid: N/A
The production of parts by additive manufacturing is a quickly progressing area. The issue with additively manufactured parts is surface treatment with conventional methods. One of the possibilities is the treatment of the surface by drag finishing, when it is possible to modify even the complicated shapes of the parts. The article deals with the modification of additively produced parts by drag finishing. The goal was to find out to what extend is it possible to modify the integrity of the surface of parts produced by additive manufacturing. Simple cylindrical parts were produced by Fused Deposition Modelling technology. The parts were made of ABS plastic with different layer thickness. Surface roughness changes over time were monitored. As a drag finishing machine, a device developed at Faculty of Material Science and Technology was used. Two drag finishing media were used for part processing - Al2O3 and SiC + walnut shells. It was determined that the roughness of the surface of additively manufactured parts can be significantly improved.
Prefacedoi: 10.1088/1742-6596/2931/1/011001pmid: N/A
The seminar “Development of Materials Science in Research and Education - DMSRE” was the 33rd in a series that began in Gabcíkovo in 1991, initiated by the Czech and Slovak Association for Crystal Growth and the Slovak Expert Group of Solid State Chemistry and Physics.The seminar provided an excellent opportunity for the presentation and discussion of results in the fields of materials engineering, chemistry, solid-state physics, production technologies, materials processing, and related areas.Additionally, the seminar aimed to facilitate the exchange of experiences in teaching technical subjects, chemistry, and physics at universities, and to explore the connections between university research and practical applications.The scientific session covered the following main topics:· Trends in development of materials research· Education of materials science at the universities· Equipment for materials preparation and characterization· Results of materials researchThe program included two invited keynote lectures (40 minutes each) by Shelley Lorimer from MacEwan University, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, and Jan Džugan from COMTES FHT a.s., Dobrany, Czech Republic; 52 contributions presented as short lectures (20 minutes each); and two company presentations. Of the lectures presented at the seminar, 27 contributions are included in this proceedings. Abstracts of all contributions, along with the seminar program, are available on the conference website: https://dms.fzu.cz/33/.We hope that all 60 participants enjoyed the 33rd DMSRE Joint Seminar and their stay in the High Tatras.List of Sponsors, Scientific Committee, Organizing and Program Committee, Editors are available in this pdf.
Biochars from Cardboard as an Alternative adsorbent for the Removal of Pesticides from the Water EnvironmentŠčasná, M; Kucmanová, A; Sirotiak, M
doi: 10.1088/1742-6596/2931/1/012018pmid: N/A
Hydrothermal carbonisation (HTC) is a promising method for converting biomass into carbonaceous materials with high adsorption capacity. This study examines the effect of various HTC conditions on the production of hydrochars from egg cardboard waste and their efficiency in removing metribuzin from aqueous environments. The results showed that temperature and HTC time significantly influenced biochar yield, organic carbon content, and sorption efficiency. The highest yield, 68.18 %, was achieved at 200 °C, whereas at 240 °C, the yield dropped to 23.08 %. Conversely, higher temperatures (220-240 °C) enhanced the retention of organic carbon, contributing to improved sorption properties. Morphological analysis via SEM confirmed that higher temperatures and longer reaction times promote the formation of a porous structure, which is crucial for adsorption applications. At 240 °C, the biochar exhibited substantial fragmentation and increased surface heterogeneity, indicating a high degree of carbonisation. Biochar produced at this temperature achieved the highest metribuzin removal efficiency, exceeding 60 % after 5 hours of contact, underscoring the importance of optimising production conditions to maximise sorption capacity for organic pollutants. These results contribute to a better understanding of the relationship between hydrochar production conditions, organic carbon content, and adsorption properties, which is important for future applications in water treatment and environmental engineering.
Analysis of measurement uncertainties in mechanical production and subsequent use for process stability controlKubišová, M; Pata, V; Šuba, O; Endlerová, D
doi: 10.1088/1742-6596/2931/1/012003pmid: N/A
In the current industrial environment, where quality is a key factor in competitiveness, the measurement and control of the stability of production processes plays a vital role. This work focuses on the analysis of measurement uncertainties in mechanical production and their subsequent use for process stability control. Measurement uncertainties are an inherent part of any measurement system, and their understanding and proper management are necessary to ensure the accuracy and reliability of production processes. The MSA (Measurement Systems Analysis) method enables the assessment of the capability of measurement systems and the identification of sources of variability. Emphasis is placed on the standard uncertainties of types A and B and the ways in which they affect the measurement process. The work also includes a description of the implementation of statistical process control (SPC) and its importance in maintaining a stable production process. SPC makes it possible to continuously monitor production processes and quickly identify deviations, leading to timely corrections and minimization of defects. To achieve these goals, quality tools such as the Ishikawa diagram, histogram, and Pareto diagram are used. This work provides a comprehensive view of the importance of measurement and data analysis in ensuring stability and quality in manufacturing processes.
Impact of Surface Modification Techniques for Replaceable Cutting Inserts on Cutting Forces and Surface Finish in Machining OperationsBílek, O; Zlámal, J; Knedlová, J; Vrbová, H
doi: 10.1088/1742-6596/2931/1/012002pmid: N/A
This study investigates the impact of surface modification techniques, specifically microblasting and Magnetorheological Finishing (MRF), on the performance of uncoated sintered carbide replaceable cutting inserts (RCIs) during machining operations. The primary focus is on the relationship between surface roughness modifications and two key performance metrics: the quality of the workpiece surface finish and the cutting forces generated during turning operations. The study involved controlled experiments using RCIs that were untreated, sandblasted, or MRF-treated. Microblasting was found to increase surface roughness, leading to higher cutting forces and poorer workpiece surface quality. Conversely, MRF treatment reduced surface roughness, resulting in lower cutting forces and improved workpiece surface finishes.
Influence of specimen dimensions on the tensile behaviour of NiTi alloyLosertová, M; Kopelent, M; Kratochvíl, A; Kubášová, K; Sedláček, R; Kawuloková, M; Zlá, S; Adamczyk-Cieślak, B
doi: 10.1088/1742-6596/2931/1/012024pmid: N/A
This work investigates the effect of specimen dimension on the tensile behaviour and superelasticity plateau of NiTi alloy with the composition of 56.31 wt.% Ni and 43.69 wt.% Ti. The development of stress-strain curves in tensile testing was evaluated for two different dimensions of NiTi specimens. The resulting properties of the testing material were discussed in relation to the phase composition determined by EDX, XRD, and DSC analysis.
Electrochemical parameters of austenitic stainless steel after different sensitization heat treatment timesZatkalíková, V; Markovičová, L; Slezák, M; Šikyňa, L
doi: 10.1088/1742-6596/2931/1/012007pmid: N/A
This study deals with the corrosion behavior of AISI 304 stainless steel after 10, 6, 2, 1-hour sensitization heat treatment time at the temperature of 650 °C. Sensitization of the specimens is verified by ASTM A262 practice A test. Corrosion resistance is evaluated by electrochemical parameters of the potentiodynamic polarization performed in 1M NaCl solution at the temperature 20 ± 3 °C on the specimens with high-temperature surface oxides and after their removal by pickling. The electrochemical etching test in oxalic acid confirmed the ditch microstructure and the complete sensitization after 10 and 6-hours sensitization time. After 1 hour, the material showed only slight local signs of sensitization. The electrochemical parameters of the potentiodynamic polarization were significantly affected by the state of the surface of the sensitization heat treated specimens. Regardless of the sensitization time, the specimens with high-temperature surface oxides behaved like an actively corroding metal. After pickling, they retained the passivity region, but with a higher passive current density and slightly lower pitting potential than the as received material.
Influence of final turning on SCC susceptibility and corrosion properties of austenitic stainless steel 08Ch18N10TKudláč, M; Dománková, M; Bártová, K; Gavalec, M; Slnek, D
doi: 10.1088/1742-6596/2931/1/012014pmid: N/A
Final machining, such as final turning or final milling, aims to smooth the given machined surface of the material and obtain dimensional tolerance. However, with tough materials like austenitic stainless steels, where deformation hardening also occurs, the machining of these materials is complicated, and consequently the character and properties of the machined surface of these steels can have a negative impact on corrosion resistance. The affected parameters may include surface microhardness, roughness or residual stresses. In this work, the influence of final tur 10ning on stress corrosion cracking susceptibility and corrosion resistance of austenitic stainless steel 08Ch18N10T was monitored where as a tool a replaceable double sided sintered carbide cutting plate with a negative rake angle was used. A combination of two machining parameters was set up: feed (0.12, 0.2 and 0.3 mm) and cutting speed (100 and 250 m min −1). The roughness, microhardness and the surface deformation zone depth were analysed on the machined surface. It was found that hardness but also roughness increased with increasing tool feed. Using the exposure of samples in a boiling MgCl2 solution, susceptibility to stress corrosion cracking was observed. Density of cracks as well as the depth or length of cracks into the material were studied and evaluated using SEM and ImageJ software. Within increasing feed, the density of cracks decreased, on the contrary, the length and depth of cracks increased. Electrochemical potentiokinetic reactivation analysis, a double loop method, was used to determine sensitization to intergranular corrosion. The samples were determined to be non-sensitized. This method also showed the effect of roughness on the resulting polarization scans.