Degradation performance of methyl orange by TiO2 photocatalyst from green synthesisOktafianti, R; Putri, N P; Riska, A M; Kusumawati, D H
doi: 10.1088/1742-6596/2900/1/012001pmid: N/A
Titanium dioxide (TiO2) was prepared using the green synthesis method to investigate its photocatalytic activity in degrading methyl orange. The properties of TiO2 were analyzed using XRD to ascertain the phase and crystal size, SEM-EDX to evaluate the morphology and composition, and UV-Vis to measure the absorbance and bandgap energy. The study was conducted by varying the methyl orange (MO) solution concentration and ultraviolet (UV) irradiation time. The results indicated that the maximum degradation efficiency after 180 minutes was achieved at a concentration of methyl orange solution of 5 ppm with a value of 92.92%, while at concentrations of 15 ppm and 30 ppm, the degradation efficiency was 90.33% and 73.77%. Therefore, TiO2 has the potential to be an effective photocatalyst in the application of purifying water contaminated with dyes.
Performance test of brushless direct current (BLDC) generator in micro hydro power plant (MHPP) with Archimedes screw turbineBustomi, M A; Setiawan, F B; Indarto, B; Purwanti, E
doi: 10.1088/1742-6596/2900/1/012029pmid: N/A
Brushless Direct Current (BLDC) generators have many advantages over DC generators that use brushes. In this research, the advantages of the BLDC generator are applied as a generator for a micro-hydro power plant (MHPP) that uses an Archimedes screw turbine. The study aims to test the performance of the BLDC generator as a generator on the Archimedes screw turbine MHPP. The MHPP specifications for the Archimedes screw turbine used in this research are an Archimedes screw turbine with three blades, an elevation angle of 40° and a transmission gear ratio of 2.8:1. The screw turbine has an inner diameter of 14.02 cm, an outer diameter of 23.9 cm, a pitch of 25.67 cm and a length of 51.34 cm. The generator used is a 3-phase Brushless Direct Current (BLDC) generator. The load used is a 12 Volt LED lamp with a 5 to 20 Watts power. The test results at a discharge of 0.00634 m3/s showed that the mechanical power was (36.408 ± 0.202) Watts and the highest electrical power was (7.86 ± 0.03) Watts. Based on these results, the efficiency of electrical power on mechanical power is around 22%.
Computational modeling of parabolic motion with air resistance using scratch programmingTaufiq, M; Kaniawati, I; Liliasari, ; Samsudin, A
doi: 10.1088/1742-6596/2900/1/012040pmid: N/A
Parabolic motion, a fundamental concept in physics, becomes significantly more complex when air resistance is considered. Traditional analytical methods often need to provide accurate solutions, necessitating computational approaches. This research aims to develop a computational model to simulate parabolic motion with air resistance using Scratch programming. This research applies a development method with a modified waterfall model. The phase of the waterfall model applied in this research include defining, designing, developing, testing, and analyzing. The computational modeling of parabolic motion with air resistance using Scratch programming employs the Euler method to solve the differential equations. The model uses horizontal and vertical motion components, integrating air resistance effects. The developed Scratch program successfully simulates the projectile’s trajectory, showcasing the significant impact of air resistance on parabolic motion. The results illustrate how air resistance causes deviations from ideal parabolic paths, leading to shorter ranges and altered apex heights. This research concludes that a computational model was produced to simulate parabolic motion with air resistance using Scratch programming that highlights the potential of Scratch as a tool for computational physics, making complex numerical methods accessible to beginners. Integrating the Euler method within Scratch presents a novel approach to teaching and understanding projectile motion with air resistance. The research contributes to science education by providing an engaging, interactive platform for students to explore and understand advanced concepts in mechanics. Furthermore, this approach can be adapted for various other physical phenomena, broadening the scope of its application in educational settings.
The speed of sound in a binary gas mixtureSantosa, I E; Paramita, G; Limiansih, K; Rinawathi, G S
doi: 10.1088/1742-6596/2900/1/012010pmid: N/A
This article measures the speed of sound in various gas mixtures. The chopping frequency of a CO2 laser-based photoacoustic detector has been scanned to obtain the resonance frequency. Next, the speed of sound is examined from the measured frequency and the wavelength. In this experiment, three mixtures, He, H2, and O2 in nitrogen at various concentrations, have been examined. The experiment results are in good agreement with theoretical predictions.
The effect of ZnO nanoparticle mass from pineapple peel via green synthesis on degradation of methylene blue by photocatalytic activitySetyarsih, W; Ardiansyah, F F; Ma’arif, M S; Ferdianto, S P; Rohmawati, L
doi: 10.1088/1742-6596/2900/1/012007pmid: N/A
Water pollution due to the use of bright colors and patterns in the textile industry derived from hazardous chemicals can damage the environment. For this reason, special treatment is needed in waste processing to reduce water pollution, one of which is the photocatalytic method. ZnO nanoparticles have potential in photocatalyst applications for pollutant degradation because they are non-toxic, biocompatible, and cheap. This material can be obtained using the green synthesis method from pineapple peel extract used as a bioreduction. So, this research aims to determine the effect of ZnO nanoparticle catalyst mass on the degradation of methylene blue dye in photocatalytic activity under UV light irradiation. The results show that the size of the catalyst mass influences the ability to degrade methylene blue. In this case, 5, 8, and 12 mg catalyst masses could degrade dyes by 97.52%, 98.51%, and 99.82% within 180 minutes. Thus, ZnO nanoparticles effectively degrade methylene blue dye under UV irradiation.
Optimizing the performance of an indirect Time of Flight (iToF) LiDAR by adjusting optical power and level of modulation frequencyNikmah, A; Ramadani, R; Firdaus, R A; Kartolo, S; Rianaris, A; Pratomo, H; Hanto, D; Hapiddin, A
doi: 10.1088/1742-6596/2900/1/012002pmid: N/A
The LiDAR system should be optimally designed to recognize any object, regardless of its surface or reflectance. Several key factors influence the performance of LiDAR, such as laser wavelength, optical power, modulation frequency, detector, signal processing, and others. This work validates the distance measurement performance of the indirect time of flight (iToF) LiDAR system by adjusting optical power and level of modulation frequency. Two target materials—aluminum foil (AF) and high-impact polystyrene (HIPS)—were experimentally characterized by measuring each target from 1 m to 56 meters. The optical power is adjusted by applying a bias current of 60 mA and 100 mA from a laser driver. The level of modulation frequency varies from 500 mV, 1000 mV, and 1260 mV in a signal generator. The experiment’s results, achieved by combining optical power and level of modulation frequency, indicate that the proposed LiDAR system can effectively differentiate between two target materials and maintain high accuracy across various distances. High optical power and level of modulation frequency settings allow possibilities to improve the signal strength obtained by the receiver of the iToF LiDAR. Possibilities the higher signal strength is also obtained when the target has a higher reflectivity. Consequently, the LiDAR system can cover a maximum distance for a target AF and HIPS at 56 m and 31 m, respectively.
Analysis of the distribution of groundwater pollution using the geoelectric method in the Donomulyo Area, Wijimulyo, Nanggulan District, Kulon ProgoFatimah, ; Rizqi, A F
doi: 10.1088/1742-6596/2900/1/012013pmid: N/A
Polluted water has a resistivity value that is different from natural water. The region has aquifer potential in the Kulon Progo area, namely Donomulyo, and Wijimulyo, but many use PDAM water. For this reason, this study uses the Schlumberger configuration geoelectric method to see the resistivity vertically. There are six research points with different lithology and geomorphology conditions. The result is a resistivity value processed with Excel and Progress and then correlated between points. From the research, it was found that there are rocks that are suspected to be aquifers but have a high resistivity compared to aquifers with water suitable for consumption in the area. The resistivity value of polluted water here is 11 Ohm meters, in the slightly contaminated category. Areas with light contamination are to the north of Donomulyo and Wijimulyo.
Numerical analysis of molecular vibration under Lennard-Jones potentialSupardi, ; Nugroho, K A
doi: 10.1088/1742-6596/2900/1/012052pmid: N/A
This research aims to simulate the physical system of molecular vibrations under the influence of the Lennard-Jones potential. The Lennard-Jones potential is a mathematical model that describes the interaction between two uncharged atoms or molecules. This potential considers electrostatic repulsion and Van der Waals attraction between particles. It can be applied to study the thermal, elastic, and dynamic properties of interacting particle systems. There are two numerical methods used in this study, namely the Runge-Kutta method used to determine the position and velocity of the particles and the Secant method used to determine the energy state of the system. The results show that the potential depth parameter γ determines the number of bound energy states and the particle state energy magnitude. An illustration of the particle trajectory that illustrates the conservation of the potential and kinetic energy of the particle is also obtained.
Effect of compaction pressure on shrinkage, density, and hardness of strontium hexaferriteWidodo, R D; Darsono, F B; Fitriyana, D F; Rusiyanto, ; Widayat, W; Nuryanta, M I; Kriswanto, ; Rudianto, I
doi: 10.1088/1742-6596/2900/1/012049pmid: N/A
Iron sand as a magnetic material has yet to be widely used; in several developed countries, magnetic materials are already commonly used in industry. A simple method for purifying iron sand is carried out by filtering iron sand with a mesh size of 80. The quality of this magnetic base material is influenced by, among other things, its density and hardness. The research aims to determine the effect of compaction pressure on the shrinkage, density, and hardness of iron sand-based strontium ferrite. The iron sand from Ketawang Indah Beach, Purworejo, was extracted mechanically 35 times with a permanent magnet and then oxidized at a temperature of 900 °C for 5 hours. Next, the iron oxide was mixed with strontium carbonate (SrCO3) using a shaker mill for 3 hours. The resulting strontium ferrite powder was compacted at 20, 40, and 60 MPa pressures, then sintered at 1100 °C for 1 hour in a furnace. Shrinkage measurements include the diameter and height of the specimen, while density measurements use the Archimedes method. The hardness obtained through the Vickers hardness, the highest shrinkage value was obtained at a pressure of 20 MPa, namely diameter shrinkage (Δd) of 2.6% and height shrinkage (Δh) of 0.5%. The highest density and hardness values were at a pressure of 60 MPa, 4.366 g/cm3, and 693 HV. An increase in pressure at a sintering temperature of 1100 °C causes a decrease in shrinkage and an increase in density and hardness values.