Development and experimental characterization study of cesium doped zinc oxide polymer conductive films for sensing applicationsKishen Karumbaiah, B J; Basava, T; Nithin, K S; Sachhidananda, S
doi: 10.1088/1742-6596/2748/1/012005pmid: N/A
In this research study we report the successful preparation of cesium doped zinc metal oxide nanoparticles by solution combustion technique further incorporated into polyurethane films synthesized from bio-degradable castor oil, for study of piezo-conductive property. The composite films prepared with filler weight percentages of 0.5, 1.0, 2.0 and 4.0 are studied for structural, mechanical, thermal, electro-mechanical and weatherability properties. Studies revealed successful formation of urethane links and good dispersion of nanoparticles in the prepared films. Films under tensile and compression loading showed promising electro active results with maximum volume conductivity values of 1.226E−7Scm−1 at 30N compression load. The developed films show good compatibility to be employed in corrosive and acidic environments with safe working temperature upto 160°C.
Analysis on a Battery Thermal Management System of an Lithium-Ion Powered Battery with Heat Sink for an Electric VehicleRohini, A; Abishek, AS; Jeeva, S
doi: 10.1088/1742-6596/2748/1/012017pmid: N/A
Electric vehicles (EVs) are changing the transportation business by giving an economical and sustainable option to the ecosystem in contrast to conventional vehicles with a sudden spike in demand for petroleum derivatives. The battery system that stores and disseminate electrical energy to the electric vehicles are basic to the outcome of EVs. Thermal management is basic for these batteries’ performance, safety and life span. This research article centres around the plan and examination of an EV-explicit Battery Thermal Management System (BTMS). To check the adverse consequences of high temperatures on battery cells, the BTMS integrates active and passive air-cooling strategies as well as different heat sink designs. The proposed BTMS further develops battery effectiveness, eliminate temperature-related risks and improves overall EV performance by maintaining appropriate thermal conditions. This study investigates the relevance of EV batteries, establishes defined objectives, gives numerical models and calculations, and conducts in-depth studies of various heat sink layouts. This research contributes to the growth of EV technology by empowering greener and cleaner transportation options while assuring the safety and efficiency of EV battery systems through careful examination and insightful analysis.
Impact force attenuation capabilities of elastomer, springs and their combinationThejeshKumar, P; RaviKumar, L.; Raghu Yogaraju,
doi: 10.1088/1742-6596/2748/1/012002pmid: N/A
In various engineering applications like automotive safety, structural engineering, and industrial machinery, mitigating impact forces is of at most importance to protect structures, equipment and most importantly, human lives. Understanding the impact force attenuation capabilities of dampers, springs, and their combination is crucial. Dampers like elastomers are known for their exceptional ability to absorb and dissipate energy due to their visco-elastic properties. Spring on the other hand, store and release mechanical energy when compressed, offering a different approach to impact forces attenuation. Study is experimental and parametric in nature, where different damping materials like elastomers, polystyrene & foam are individually and in combination with springs of different stiffness are tested for their impact energy absorption capabilities. Tests are conducted in a dedicated test rig, wherein specimen is kept on a rigid plate which intern mounted on a peizo-electric load sensor and weights are dropped from same heights and force transmitted with time of travel is measured for each specimen and compared. Results revealed that the energy absorbed by springs is around 30% individually, which is less compared to dampers and, the combination of damper & springs. In conclusion the specimen with combination of damper & springs has high potential in absorbing impact force.
Experimental Investigation and Optimization of process parameter in Binder Jet 3D PrintingShanmuganatan, S P; Madhusudan, M; Josephine, Sherina; Samsak, S; Thejaswi Yoganarasimha, N; Sewanth Gowda, P
doi: 10.1088/1742-6596/2748/1/012006pmid: N/A
Prototyping is frequently performed using Additive Manufacturing (AM), which has practical usages in the aerospace, defence, medical, and automotive industries. AM is a viable alternative to the established powder metallurgy method that guarantees a good and enhanced surface polish. The primary purpose of the current study is to optimize the printing process parameters related to binder jet printing technology. In the additive manufacturing technique known as ‘binder jetting,’ a commercial printer selectively applies a liquid binding agent to a thin coating of powder particles. The parameters governing AM process includes roller speed, layer thickness, infill density and bed temperature. Taguchi analysis based on L16 orthogonal array is adapted in the study to optimize the various process parameters. The output responses namely ultimate tensile strength and toughness properties were evaluated to optimize the process. Tensile testing is carried out as per ASTM standard. The study also involves the observation of the binder jet process, associative science of densification after sintering, evolution of microstructural characteristics of the binder jetted part and application of the optimized process parameters of selected material.
Effect of synchronized and unsynchronized boundary temperature modulation on the regulation of heat transfer in a ferrofluid with Fe3O4 nanoparticlesChandrashekara, N. P.; Rajashree, S.
doi: 10.1088/1742-6596/2748/1/012018pmid: N/A
Linear and non-linear analysis was carried out for a temperature modulated Rayleigh-Bénard ferroconvection (RBF) problem using Lorenz and Ginzburg-Landau models. The parallel and horizontal plates of infinite extension enclosing the ferrofluid (with nanosized Fe3O4 - magnetite), is cooled from the top and heated from the bottom and is exposed to an exterior static magnetic field which manipulates the flow of a ferrofluid. The Lorenz model in its linear form manifests the stationary Rayleigh number expression, whereas the nonlinear form of the model leads to Ginzburg-Landau equation determining the amplitude, which aids to quantify the amount of heat transfer in ferrofluids with the effect of temperature modulation. The influence of various parameters like Lewis number, concentration Rayleigh number, ferromagnetic parameters on the onset of ferroconvection has been discussed in detail using marginal stability curves. On the other hand, the effect of different parameters like ferro-nanoparticle volume fraction, modulation frequency, phase angle, temperature modulation on heat transfer in ferrofluids has been analyzed and represented graphically.
Design, Analysis and Optimization of Composite Propeller ShaftVinod, T A; Katta, Bharath; Giridhara, G.
doi: 10.1088/1742-6596/2748/1/012012pmid: N/A
Most of the automobiles have Rear wheel drive and front engine installation consists of a transmission shaft. Substitution of conventional metallic (SM45C) Propeller Drive Shaft with the composite (CFRP) structure has many advantages. Composite materials have acquired prominence in the engineering industry due to their remarkable strength-to-weight ratio, corrosion resistance, and adaptability. This paper explores the multifaceted process of designing, analysing, and optimizing composite propeller shafts, with a primary focus on their application in marine and automotive industries, aiming to maximize performance while reducing weight. The design phase initiates by establishing precise requirements, encompassing torque loads, rotational speeds, environmental conditions, and safety factors. Material selection is a pivotal decision point, considering factors like fiber type, resin matrix, and layup orientation. Advanced Finite Element Analysis (FEA) technologies are used to simulate the mechanical behaviour of composite propeller shafts under a variety of operational scenarios, assisting in the identification of stress concentrations. Deformations, as well as key failure modes. The design process is iterative. The feedback from these simulations is used to improve the basic design. The analysis phase stress distribution, torsional vibrations, and dynamic behaviour of the composite propeller shaft. A comprehensive study of various layup configurations and boundary conditions is conducted to assess their impact on structural performance and reliability. Additionally, manufacturing considerations, encompassing fabrication techniques, quality control, and cost-effectiveness, are addressed to ensure practical feasibility. The goal of the optimization phase is to lower the weight of the composite propeller shaft while retaining structural integrity and operational reliability. The optimisation outcomes provide information on the best material mix, layup sequence, and geometric factors that achieve the best balance of weight reduction, greater performance and productivity. The findings from this study contribute substantially to the advancement of composite propeller shaft technology, offering engineers valuable insights into the intricacies of design, analysis, and optimization processes. By harnessing the ability of composite materials effectively, industries can realize significant benefits, including reduced fuel consumption, improved efficiency, and enhanced overall system performance, resulting in more sustainable and competitive products for the maritime and automotive sectors.
Solvatochromic and theoretical study of 1,3-benzodioxole derivativeSunil Kumar, N.; Prasad, K. N. N.; Chandrasekhar, S.; Thipperudrappa, J.; Kalgi, Mayadevi
doi: 10.1088/1742-6596/2748/1/012014pmid: N/A
The solvatochromic UV-Vis absorption and emission characteristics of (E)-1-(4-hydroxypiperidin-1-yl)-3-(7-methoxybenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)prop-2-en-1-one compound were studied in solvents of various polarities. The various types of interactions present between the solute-solvent were studied by means of Catalan’s and Kamlet’s techniques. Furthermore, the excited state dipole moment of the compound was estimated using the Lippert’s, Kawski-Chamma-Viallet’s, Bakhshiev’s, and ENTsolvent polarity parameters. It was noticed that the excited state dipole moment was more than the dipole moment in the ground state. Investigated further to comprehend the compound’s molecular properties through theoretical study.
Enhancing Autonomous Navigation: A Visual SLAM ApproachPaul, Sayandip; Hemanth Kumar, C; Arunkumar Bongale, C
doi: 10.1088/1742-6596/2748/1/012008pmid: N/A
An autonomous vehicle can simultaneously map its environment and identify its own position by employing a technique called “Simultaneous Localisation And Mapping” (SLAM). Autonomous mobility requires identifying the locations of adjacent landmarks and objects, as well as the vehicle’s position, using an appropriate technique. Monocular SLAM systems often face challenges related to depth perception and scale ambiguity, leading to trajectory drift over time. In contrast, Stereo SLAM systems utilize dual cameras to overcome these limitations. The purpose of this work is to assess how well visual SLAM systems perform by contrasting trajectory estimates with ground truth information obtained from simulations. The findings indicate that stereo visual SLAM algorithms offer more accurate camera trajectory estimations than monocular SLAM, making them a preferable choice for applications demanding precise camera localization and mapping in autonomous vehicles.
Nano reinforced aluminium based Metal Matrix Hybrid Composites - an overviewAnnapoorna, K; Ananda, Rohini; Deshpande, Viraja; Shobha, R
doi: 10.1088/1742-6596/2748/1/012007pmid: N/A
Aluminium and its alloys find their application in aerospace, automobile, and marine sectors as it costs less and properties like low density, good ductility, high resistance to corrosion etc. However, aluminium has many drawbacks like low resistance to abrasion and wear, poor strength etc. These drawbacks can be overcome by adding certain materials as reinforcement into pure aluminium and its alloy. Hybrid reinforcement imbibes superior properties to Al matrix composites, compared along with single reinforced Al composites. The properties of Al matrix composite is enhanced by reinforcing with nano particles compared to micro reinforcement. In recent years, research advancement is focusing on fabrication of composites prepared by nano reinforcement materials. Various nano materials are used to fabricate aluminium/alloy matrix composites for improved abrasion, enhanced wear properties, high specific strength, better corrosion resistance etc. This review paper gives an overview of various processing techniques, different nano reinforcements used for fabrication of aluminium and its alloy matrix. Further, Hybrid Nano composite properties along with their types, concentration of reinforcement and microstructure of the composite fabricated are discussed. Finally, Future trends and potential applications of aluminium based nano composites are presented and have been concluded with recent advancements in the specified area.
Investigate the mechanical properties of Aluminium Metal Matrix CompositeVellaichamy, Ramesh; Sudarsan, D.; Theerkka Tharisanan, R.; Allahpitchai, Mothilal; Radha Krishnan, B.
doi: 10.1088/1742-6596/2748/1/012009pmid: N/A
The objective of this study is to produce metal matrix composites with aluminium as the matrix material and beryl as the reinforcing particles. Given the comparable density of beryl particles to Aluminum-based alloys, it is anticipated that enhancements in strength and ductility properties will lead to increased mechanical and tribological characteristics, including hardness and wear resistance. Extensive research has been conducted on aluminum-based metal matrix composites (MMCs) in the recent past, specifically focusing on the utilisation of ceramic reinforcements such as silicon carbide (SiC), titanium nitride (TiN), Titanium Diboride (TiB2), zirconia (ZrO2), and alumina (Al2O3). Typically, the ceramic particles employed for reinforcement exhibit notable hardness and high density, resulting in enhanced hardness and improved Tribological wear characteristics. Aluminium-based metal matrix composites (AMMC) were produced by including varying concentrations of beryl (3%, 8%, and 13%) through two distinct fabrication methods: the liquid metallurgy vortex route and the powder metallurgy approach. The beryl mineral phase was initially subjected to crushing and mechanical sieving processes to get particle sizes with an average of 50 ± 10 and 100 ± 10 μm. The mechanical qualities, including hardness and tensile strength, were examined using the Brinell hardness machine and the Universal testing equipment.