International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management

Foy, Tommy; Dwyer, Rocky J.; Nafarrete, Roy; Hammoud, Mohamad Saleh Saleh; Rockett, Pat

2019 International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management

doi: 10.1108/ijppm-03-2017-0061

Workplace stress costs £3.7bn per annum in the UK and in excess of $300bn per annum in the USA. The purpose of this paper is to examine the existence, strength and direction of relationships between perceptions of social support, work–life conflict, job performance and workplace stress in an Irish higher education institution.Design/methodology/approachThe selected theoretical framework consisted of a combination of reward imbalance theory, expectancy theory and equity theory. An organizational stress screening survey instrument was used to survey the staff (n = 1,420) of an academic institution. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to evaluate the relationships between the independent variables (social support, work–life conflict, job performance), the covariates (staff category, direct reports, age, gender), and the dependent variable (workplace stress).FindingsThe results showed a negative correlation between social support and workplace stress, a positive correlation between work–life conflict and workplace stress, and a negative correlation between job performance and workplace stress (p < 0.05). The results also revealed significant relationships between the covariates direct reports and gender and the dependent variable workplace stress.Practical implicationsThe findings from this research can trigger an organizational approach where educational leaders can enable workplace change by developing and implementing social support and work–life strategies, and potential pathways to reduce levels of workplace stress and improve quality of life for employees and enhance performance.Originality/valueThe examination and establishment of particular relationships between social support, work–life conflict and job performance with workplace stress is significant for managers.

Mohd Adnan, Siti Nur Syahirah; Valliappan, Raju

2019 International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management

doi: 10.1108/ijppm-05-2018-0183

Communicating vision of science and technology to inform and educate the nation is absolutely a way to expand science and technology literacy and promote industry growth. The scientific and progressive society has become one of the important agendas in realizing Malaysia to become a developed country. In line with the country’s agenda, this study focuses to discuss the concept of scientific and progressive society as stated in 2020 Vision and also to identify the gaps and challenges of the science and technology policies. The purpose of this paper is to focus on the relations between shared vision attributes and the effect of leadership styles of leaders within science and technology industry.Design/methodology/approachThe study discuses about conceptual framework to analyze different leadership styles through the lenses of qualitative textual analysis and theoretically linked to shared-vision theory, leadership theories and performance theories.FindingsThe study identify gaps and challenges of the science and technology policies in Malaysia and proposed the conceptual framework with questioning the notion of shared vision as a principle theories, leadership styles and performance, significant to further assess the assumptions.Originality/valueThe study and its proposed framework is based on the literature reviews that may enhance knowledge and may help in identifying gaps in the policies of the science and technology industry in Malaysia.

Kataria, Aakanksha; Garg, Pooja; Rastogi, Renu

2019 International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management

doi: 10.1108/ijppm-02-2018-0057

The purpose of this paper is to explore the relationship between high-performance HR practices (HPHRPs), psychological climate (PC), work engagement (WE) and organizational citizenship behaviors (OCBs) among IT professionals. This study further intends to provide a framework to understand and predict factors affecting organizational citizenship performance in the Indian IT sector.Design/methodology/approachThe analysis is based on a sample of 464 IT employees working in 29 information-intensive global organizations, and the statistical method employed is structural equation modeling.FindingsThe results of the present study demonstrated the significance of employees’ perceptions of PC through which HPHRPs can boost employees’ WE, which, in turn, has come out to be the principal mechanism through which HPHRPs and PC have impact on OCBs.Research limitations/implicationsThe results have established a platform where HR managers can be motivated to open up new avenues to employees where they can be psychologically involved in work roles and feel highly motivated to bring their good spirits at the workplace in order to benefit the organization at large.Originality/valueThis research explores the changing dynamics of Indian business scenario in the IT context. IT professionals may perceive and react differently to the HR system in the organization and have higher expectations of congenial working conditions that enhance their capability to employ personal skills and resources in the realization of organizational goals. Thus, the study tries to tap their experiences and perceptions and map their performances in the organization.

Glas, Andreas Herbert; Raithel, Clarissa; Essig, Michael

2019 International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management

doi: 10.1108/ijppm-03-2018-0123

In performance-based contracting (PBC), the provider is paid according to outcomes for its customer, and therefore assumes responsibility for customer risks. Previous studies have revealed that risk exposure is a fundamental influencing factor. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to analyze how previous experience with PBC influences the perception of risks.Design/methodology/approachThis research is based on a cross-industry study. Factor analysis and discriminant analysis are used to reveal to what extent experience influences PBC risk factors.FindingsIt is confirmed that risk perception differs significantly according to previous PBC experience. Thus, significant learning effects are identified in the PBC context.Research limitations/implicationsExperiential learning in PBC can explain entry barriers to PBC faced by new buyers with low levels of experience. Although the internal validity of the sample is high, as all analyzed cases represent PBC buying companies, there are limitations related to external validity.Practical implicationsTo manage risks this study provides a structure (12 risks, 3 aggregated factors), which could be used for risk evaluation and strategic and operative risk management. Other implications recommend, e.g., to collaborate with a PBC “veteran” when entering into PBC, as this boosts the level of PBC-related experience.Originality/valueThe findings of this study contribute to identifying PBC risks through the explorative statistical assessment of these PBC risk factors.

Fasna, M.F.F.; Gunatilake, Sachie

2019 International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management

doi: 10.1108/ijppm-09-2018-0331

The purpose of this paper is to analyse the business process reengineering (BPR) implementation process adopted by organisations grounded in the actual project-level realities. The findings are used to propose a BPR implementation process that can be adopted by organisations to effectively reengineer their processes.Design/methodology/approachA thorough literature review was used to first develop a conceptual BPR implementation process comprising three key phases and five steps. Then, four case studies were conducted in organisations that have successfully undertaken BPR projects to explore the actual project-level implementation processes. Semi-structured interviews were carried out with respondents who have been actively involved in the different steps of the BPR implementation processes to collect data within the selected organisations.FindingsAltogether 30 activities which are to be carried out throughout the BPR implementation process were identified. Findings disclosed that the minor differences in the activities being performed throughout the BPR implementation process are due to the lack of homogenous characteristics, i.e. type of the process reengineered, form of reengineering and approach for implementing BPR projects.Originality/valueThis paper puts forward a comprehensive view on the BPR implementation process including the key phases, steps and the sequence of activities to be followed. In doing so, the paper addresses a clear gap in literature that calls for a comprehensive model to assist during the BPR implementation to achieve the desired results.

Mariyono, Joko

2019 International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management

doi: 10.1108/ijppm-10-2018-0367

The purpose of this paper is to analyse the effect of enhanced knowledge and technology innovations, which were resulted from training, on the simultaneous production of rice and soybean in Java, Indonesia.Design/methodology/approachA model of product possibility frontier with two outputs produced using the same resources was employed. Based on the model, supply responses of soybean and rice were derived. Aggregate data consisting of 12 regions during the ten years of 2000–2009 were compiled from relevant agricultural institutions at the provincial level.FindingsImprovement in farmers’ capacity has been able to increase production of soybean and rice simultaneously. Farmers’ capacity increased after completion of the school. Knowledge and skill gained from the school have been applied to both rice and soybean farming. Other economic factors also affected the supply response of both commodities.Research limitations/implicationsAvailable data covered periods 2000–2009. However, the outcomes are still relevant to the current situation because food crops are the basic necessity. This study used secondary aggregate data, which might be less accurate than primary data. However, secondary data have the advantage concerning coverage and time span.Practical implicationsThe Government, in collaboration with non-government organisations and the private sectors, should continue to enhance farmers’ capacity to increase the production of food crops to feed people in Indonesia, and over the world in general.Originality/valueAn analysis of joint production using a concept of product transformation curve can measure the impact of training on multi products.

Susanty, Aries; Bakhtiar, Arfan; Puspitasari, Nia Budi; Susanto, Novie; Handjoyo, David Kurnia Setiawan

2019 International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management

doi: 10.1108/ijppm-09-2018-0325

First, the purpose of this paper is to develop some policies as an alternative scenario to increase the performance of the Indonesian dairy milk supply chain so it can fulfil the target of the government. Second, this study aims to find the best alternative scenario based on the performance resulted from the simulation.Design/methodology/approachThe paper develops a system dynamics-based model by using six approaches, i.e. “population and consumption of dairy milk”, “national milk production”, “dairy cattle feed”, “dairy cattle population”, “profit gained by the dairy farmer”, and “government policy”.FindingsThere is no best scenario; however, the combined scenario can give the better condition to achieve the targets set by the government.Research limitations/implicationsThe limitations of this study include: the relationship between the levels of welfare of farmers and the desire being a dairy farmer is not modelled; the quality of milk is only determined by the content of fat and protein in one litre of milk, and the level of milk consumption per capita increases naturally without any intervention or policy from the government.Practical implicationsThis study provides essential insights into the context of implementing the policies in the Indonesian dairy supply chain.Social implicationsThe research revealed that good policies scenario could be built after simulating and analysing the effect of each scenario on the performance of a dairy supply chain carefully.Originality/valueThis study does not test one policy in isolation. It simultaneously tests various combinations of policy that related to dairy cattle import, operational assistance for dairy cooperative and dairy farmer that may help maximise the performance of the Indonesian dairy milk supply chain.

Marques, Leonardo

2019 International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management

doi: 10.1108/ijppm-12-2017-0329

The purpose of this paper is to scrutinise how the sustainable supply chain management (SSCM) literature has discussed knowledge dynamics across the extended supply network, particularly in the contemporary context of fragmented, globally dispersed supply networks.Design/methodology/approachA systematic approach to reviewing the literature is applied, covering 20 years, starting with 267 references, and narrowing down to 88 articles specifically addressing knowledge diffusion processes across the extended supply network.FindingsThis study shows that vertical ties limited to direct suppliers or third-party monitoring of global suppliers are both insufficient. Lack of co-opetition is an impediment to knowledge diffusion. And the debate of whether or not global dispersion is an impediment to knowledge diffusion seems inconclusive. More importantly, there is a lack of network-level studies mapping the diversity of actors in supply networks.Research limitations/implicationsFirst, future SSCM research should shift from an operational focus to strategic knowledge diffusion. Second, the scope of SSCM should expand from linear buyer–supplier relationships to multi-tier and multilateral studies. Special focus should be placed on the literature on social network to support processes that look at the drivers of effective large-scale, global diffusion of sustainability.Originality/valueThis review contends that it is paramount to set a new research direction captured in a new definition of “sustainable supply network management”. Future research should overcome the barriers of data collection at the network level in order to contribute to the field’s current challenges, which clearly lies in globally dispersed and complex supply network, not dyads or linear chains.