The Structural Design of Tall and Special Buildings

doi: 10.1002/tal.1135pmid: N/A

Li, Wei; Li, Qing‐Ning; Jiang, Wei‐Shan

doi: 10.1002/tal.758pmid: N/A

SUMMARY Many tests and numerical research for RCS frame consisted of reinforced concrete (RC) column and steel (S) beam have been conducted in the USA and Japan over the past decades; they showed that the performance of the RCS system is superior to traditional concrete frame and steel frame. Up to the present, no research reports on composite CCSHRCS frame structure consisted of high‐strength concrete columns confined with continuous compound spiral stirrups (CCSHRC) and steel (S) beam. Herein, an accurate finite element model of composite CCSHRCS frame is developed; the finite element model is investigated in order to fully include important factors such as local buckling of steel beam and nonlinear behavior of confined concrete; the validity of the proposed models is examined by comparing with the results of cyclic loading experiments on the RCS frame in reference. With the proposed model, the effect of composite CCSHRCS frame is discussed in detail. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Lee, Joonho; Kang, Hyungoo; Kim, Jinkoo

doi: 10.1002/tal.760pmid: N/A

SUMMARY In this paper, the seismic performance of reinforced concrete (RC) staggered wall structures with middle corridor was evaluated. To this end, 6‐, 12‐ and 18‐storey structural models were designed and were analyzed to investigate the seismic load‐resisting capacity. The response modification factors were computed based on the overstrength and the ductility capacities obtained from pushover curves. The effect of a few retrofit schemes on the enhancement of strength and ductility was also investigated. The pushover analysis results showed that the response modification factors ranged between about 4.0 and 6.0 with the average value around 5.0. When the bending rigidity of the link beams increased up to 100%, the overall overstrength increased by only about 25%. When the rebar ratio of the link beams was increased by 50%, the overstrength increased by about 40%. The replacement of the RC link beams with steel box beams resulted in superior performance of the structures with reduced beam depth. The displacement time histories of the model structures subjected to the earthquake ground motions scaled to the design seismic load showed that the maximum interstorey drifts were well below the limit state specified in the design code. Based on the analysis results, it was concluded that the staggered wall systems with a middle corridor had enough capacity to resist the design seismic load. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Tekeli, Hamide; Atimtay, Ergin; Turkmen, Mustafa

doi: 10.1002/tal.761pmid: N/A

SUMMARY Sway analyses of reinforced concrete buildings generally are carried out with computer programs. However, as the number of iterative solutions increase, the process may become tedious. This paper proposes a simple analytical method to evaluate sway of dual buildings subject to various types of lateral loads. The proposed method is based on the continuum model. Story drift limited by building codes can be controlled by the proposed method. Likewise, design engineers can use the simple analytical expressions to calculate the stability index, which includes sway terms at each story level. Stability index equation without sway terms is obtained by using the developed analytical expressions. Use of the equation, which is free of sway terms, is quite simple. Additionally, by using the proposed method, shear wall–frame interaction can be modeled simply. Thus, moment at the base of shear walls can be determined by using this model. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Jameel, Mohammed; Saiful Islam, A.B.M.; Hussain, Raja Rizwan; Khaleel, M.; Zaheer, M. M.

doi: 10.1002/tal.1004pmid: N/A

SUMMARY It is a common practice to model multi‐storey tall buildings as frame structures where the loads for structural design are supported by beams and columns. Intrinsically, the structural strength provided by the walls and slabs are neglected. As the building height increases, the effect of lateral loads on multi‐storey structures increases considerably. The consideration of walls and slabs in addition to the frame structure modelling shall theoretically lead to improved lateral stiffness. Thus, a more economic structural design of multi‐storey buildings can be achieved. In this research, modelling and structural analysis of a 61‐storey building have been performed to investigate the effect of considering the walls, slabs and wall openings in addition to frame structure modelling. Sophisticated finite element approach has been adopted to configure the models, and various analyses have been performed. Parameters, such as maximum roof displacement and natural frequencies, are chosen to evaluate the structural performance. It has been observed that the consideration of slabs alone with the frame modelling may have negligible improvement on structural performance. However, when the slabs are combined with walls in addition to frame modelling, significant improvement in structural performance can be achieved. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Lu, Jia; Wu, Jie; Luo, Xiaoqun; Zhang, Qilin

doi: 10.1002/tal.1079pmid: N/A

SUMMARY The time‐dependent behavior is a major consideration in the design and construction of tall buildings, especially in concrete and composite structural systems. To make an analysis of long‐term effect of steel‐reinforced concrete structures, the method of using master–slave constraint to deduce substructure element model of composite members was introduced, and the problem of co‐work between steel and concrete was solved. The creep calculation method of combined Age‐adjusted Effective Modulus Method (AEMM) and finite element method was adopted. Steel Reinforced Concrete Construction Modeling (SRCCM), a calculation program based on Visual C++ and ObjectARX, was developed for simulating the construction process of high‐rise composite structures. The use of the method is illustrated through one computation example of Shanghai Center Tower, which is a super high‐rise steel‐reinforced concrete structures. The method provides valuable information about time effects that may be used in designing new structures or in diagnosis existing structures. The results also indicate that the vertical shortening of Shanghai Center Tower between column and core‐tube is significant. Such differential length changes should be compensated during the construction process of high‐rise composite structures. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.