Pathology International

Nakashima, Yasuaki; Hirose, Sachiko; Hamashima, Yoshihiro

doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1827.1980.tb01300.xpmid: 7361543

Platelet contents stimulated the proliferation of cultured rabbit renal glomerular (probably mesangial) cells. Growth stimulatory effect of platelet factor was heat‐stable at 56°C for 30 min. These results suggest that platelets play an important role in glomerular lesions in glomerulonephritis.

Yamashiro, Shigeto; Gilman, John P.W.; Hulland, Thomas J.; Abandowitz, Henry M.

doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1827.1980.tb01301.xpmid: 7361551

Fifty‐nine Fischer rat tumors and eleven Hooded rat tumors induced by intramuscular injection of Ni3S2 were examined and their histopathologic and cytologic characteristics studied. Nine out of eleven Hooded rat tumors metastasized whereas 15 out of 59 Fischer rat tumors metastasized within 30 days. Histopathological characterization of the Ni3S2‐induced tumors was made according to their preponderant cellular constitution. They were grouped into six types: well‐differentiated rhabdomyosarcomas, poorly‐differentiated rhabdomyosarcomas, embryonal rhabdomyosarcomas, mesenchymal tumors, leiomyosarcoma‐like tumors and fibrosarcoma‐like tumors. Forty‐seven of total of 70 were rhabdomyosarcomas. Tumors with shorter latent periods in Fischer rats and tumors with fleshy and soft texture demonstrated a higher incidence of metastases.

Hirokawa, Katsuiku; Hayashi, Yoshio

doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1827.1980.tb01302.xpmid: 7361549

Effect of organic mercury on the immune system was studied in experimental acute methyl mercury intoxication in mice. After 7 daily injections of methyl mercury hydroxide, marked atrophy of the thymic cortex and splenic lymphoid follicles were observed, associated with decrease of PHA‐ and LPS‐responsiveness of splenic lymphocytes as well as conversely increased both PHA‐ and LPS‐responsiveness of thymocytes. In addition, apparent decrease of antibody formation against sheep red blood cells was observed at 7 day after the last injection. However, all these changes restored to normal level within 4 weeks after the last injection. Histochemically, mercury deposits were massively found in the renal tubules and slightly in macrophages throughout the body at 7 day after the last injection. The mercury deposits in macrophages of the thymus, lymph nodes and liver increased in concentration thereafter, with concomitant decrease of those in renal tubules. Presence of mercury element in these deposits was confirmed by electron probe analysis. It was suggested that the organic mercury gave direct cytotoxic effect on lymphoctes, but the effect appeared to be soon detoxicated by macrophages.

Tsunoda, Rikiya; Yaginuma, Yoshio; Kojima, Mizu

doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1827.1980.tb01303.xpmid: 6987822

The rate of presence of surface immunoglobulins (sIg) and incidence of the surface receptors (SRBC‐receptor, Fc‐receptor and C3 receptor) were examined on the constituent cells of secondary nodules enucleated from human tonsils and foated in suspension. As most of the rosette‐forming cells for SRBG‐receptor were judged to belong to small round cells, the germinal center was considered to be a “non‐T‐cell region.” The coronal B‐lymphocytes and small germinal center cells were fairly matured B‐cells because both bore sIg (100%), Fc receptor (25%) and C3 receptor (90‐80%), while the former cells were thought to be more matured on the basis of their possession of surface δ‐chain. As the large germinal center cells bore sig (50%) and carried Fc receptor (25%) and C3 receptor (50%), they seemed to be the major immature cells among the cell constituents of the secondary nodules. Moreover, it is presumed that the majority of the large germinal center cells are able to differentiate into coronal B‐lymphocytes, probably memory cells, and a minor population of them into cIg‐containing cells.

Maeda, Shotaro

doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1827.1980.tb01304.xpmid: N/A

Radiation‐induced heart injuries were morphologically studied by using the rabbits irradiated with a single dose of 3,000R (group I) or 300R of X‐ray group II) from 1 hour until 6 months. There was no essential difference in the lesions of the hearts from group I and that of group II. Acute epicarditis was found as early as 1 hour after irradiation and it became maximum in severity at 1‐2 days. In the myocardium, there were degeneration and resolution of the myocardial cell, various architectural changes of mitochondria, and disorganization of the intercalated disc. Polymorphonuclear cell infiltration and endothelial injuries of the capillaries occurred in the interstitial tissue. In addition, endocarditis with or without thrombus formation was often found. Acute inflammation was seen in the myocardium of group II rather later than that of group I, but it disappeared earlier. In the later stage, fibrosis finally occurred in the epicardium and endocardium. Glycoprotein degeneration of the muscle cells and fibrosis appeared in the myocardium. The pathogenesis of radiation pancarditis is thought to be dependent not only on the disturbance of microcirculation caused by endothelial cell damage of the capillaries, but also on alterations of the myocardial mitochondria as a result of direct injury.

Sonobe, Hiroshi; Taguchi, Kohji; Motoi, Makoto; Ogawa, Katsuo; Matsumura, Motoyoshi; Ohsaki, Katsuichiro

doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1827.1980.tb01305.xpmid: 6244713

A case of malignant fibrous histiocytoma arising primarily in the left maxillary sinus is described. The patient, a 39‐year‐old male, who had suffered from sinusitis for 20 years, began to have paresthesia or sharp pain of the left side of the face and toothaches of the left maxilla. At operation a white fibrous tumor developing extensively from the lateral wall to the upper and medial walls of the left maxillary sinus and into the ethmoidal sinus was noted. Following gradual progression of dyspnea, he died approximately one year after the onset in spite of radiation therapy and anticancer chemotherapy. An autopsy revealed recurrence of the tumor in the left maxillary sinus with wide‐spread metastases to the lungs, pleurae, pancreas, kidneys and bone marrows. The direct cause of death was respiratory failure due to extensive growths of the pulmonary and pleural metastases.

Hanada, Masato; Maeda, Toshinobu; Takeuchi, Naoji

doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1827.1980.tb01306.xpmid: 6244714

A case of a 33‐year‐old female with metastasizing malignant cystosarcoma phyllodes of the left breast showing histologic features of malignant fibrous histiocytoma is reported. Metastases consisting of only undifferentiated mesenchymal cells were found in the lungs, liver, pleurae, kidneys, ileum, and vertebrae. Seven cases of fibrohistiocytic tumors of the breast previously recorded in the literature were reviewed. Although rare, this type of tumor should be included in the differential diagnosis of mesenchymal mammary tumors.

Ishikawa, Shinobu; Suzuki, Toshimitsu; Oboshi, (late) Shoichi; Itoh, Sueshi; Watanabe, Wataru

doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1827.1980.tb01307.xpmid: 7361544

A 1‐year‐old male infant showed cerebellar signs and symptoms, and excess urinary excretion of vanillylmandelic acid (VMA). Each of them disappeared spontaneously but a large abdominal tumor occurred at 3 years of age. Surgical specimen of the tumor was diagnosed as neuroblastoma and the patient died at 4 years of age. Autopsy revealed the huge tumor originated from the right adrenal, and occupying the retroperitoneum, pelvic cavity and posterior mediastinum. Histology of the primary lesion was chiefly that of ganglioneuroma, while all of the metastatic ones neuroblastoma. Transitional histology from neuroblastoma to ganglioneuroma was also observed in the primary lesion. The diagnosis was designated as composite ganglioneuroblastoma. The surgical material of the metastatic neuroblastoma was cultured for 2 months in vitro and the tumor cell clumps extended spontaneously abundant long neurites. This phenomenon suggests the high maturation ability of the neuroblastoma cells.

Ichijima, Kunio; Kobashi, Yoichiro; Yamabe, Hirohiko; Fujii, Yoshihiro; Inoue, Yuji

doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1827.1980.tb01308.xpmid: 7361545

The case is that of a 70‐year‐old Japanese male who had peliosis hepatis with disseminated peliotic lesions in various organs. The initial sign was spontaneous pneumothorax followed by pulmonary hemorrhage. There was no history of anabolic steroid ingestion and his history of pulmonary tuberculosis revealed no pathological changes. Autopsy findings suggested that dilatation of sinusoids with slow progressive injury of sinusoidal endothelium and hepatocytes due to unknown local and general etiologic factors may be an initial mechanism in the development of peliosis hepatis.

Tanaka, Toshio; Asano, Shigeyuki; Takahashi, Kiyoshi; Miyoshi, Isao; Tanaka, Michihisa; Hayashi, Tenmei; Saito, Ryusuke; Muguruma, Masahito

doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1827.1980.tb01309.xpmid: 6244711

A 35‐year‐old Japanese male was presented with massive lymphadenopathy in bilateral preauricular and submandibular regions for five years’duration without any complaints despite of no specific treatments. Laboatory examinations revealed neutrophilia, elevated BSR, hypergammaglobulinemia with elevated IgG and IgM, positive CRP and RA, low percentage of T‐cells in peripheral blood, impaired PHA blast transformation, and elevated EBV titers against viral capsid, early and nuclear antigens. Biopsy specimens demonstrated massive histiocytosis with hemophagocytosis in the sinuses and predominant mature plasma cells in the medulla, which were fairly well consistent with “sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy” (Rosai and Dorfman). Ultrastructural study revealed histiocytes exhibiting avid phagocytosis of blood cells, epithelioid histiocytes with poor phagocytic activity, foamy storage histiocytes loaded with a large number of osmiophilic lipid granules and giant cells of various types. Pathogenesis of this apparently benign disease entity was briefly discussed, and its refractoriness against any specific therapy was emphasized.