Pathology International

Enzan, Hideaki; Ohkita, Takeshi; Fujita, Hisao; Iijima, Soichi

doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1827.1974.tb00835.xpmid: 4446999

In order to clarify the development of periportal bile duct in the human embryo, the liver tissue of a 13 week‐old human embryo was studied using the electron as well as light microscope. The findings observed in this study lead to the following conclusions: The biliary epithelial cell originates from the periportal hepatoblast under certain influences of the connective tissue. The periportal bile duct is formed by the proliferation of the biliary epithelial cells surrounding the biliary space. The so‐called intermediate cell between the biliary epithelial cell and the hepatoblast is not recognized in the human fetal liver of 13 weeks gestation.

Taniguchi, Masaru

doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1827.1974.tb00836.xpmid: 4548627

Serological and histological examinations were performed on rats that had been treated with one of six representative immunosuppressive agents i.e., X‐rays, BUDR, actinomycin D, cortisone, cyclophosphamide, antithymocyte serum, together with antigenic stimulation. These treatments resulted in either augmentation or suppression of antibody response of various immunoglobulin classes, primarily depending on the time when they were administered. Animals undergoing the immune response under the influence of immunosuppressants exhibited characteristic changes in the lymphoid tissues, which corresponded to the changes in serum antibodies. Especially, it was clearly shown that IgE antibody formation was most sharply influenced by the treatments causing the depletion of lymphocytes in the thymus‐dependent area of lymphoid tissues. The results were discussed with reference to the regulatory role of thymus‐derived lymphocytes (T cells) in the immune response.

Kubo, Toshio

doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1827.1974.tb00837.xpmid: 4374870

An international comparative study was made of gastric carcinoma in order to determine whether or not the tumor showed any different morphological features In different countries. The series were from Japan, Korea, U.S.A., New Zealand, and Chile. Further comparison was made at different time periods in U.S.A., New Zealand, and Japan. It was found that there was no significant difference in histological appearance of gastric carcinoma both in different countries and at different times. Some statistical data indicate that the same and common factor may be operating throughout the world as a gastric carcinogen.

Kawasaki, Hiroshi; Kimoto, Eiji

doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1827.1974.tb00838.xpmid: 4614649

Antisera, obtained by Immunization of human or pocine gastric muco‐sa‐specific and intestinal mucosa‐specific glycoprotein into rabbits, were employed for the immunofluorescence staining of carcinoma cells in the gastrointestinal tract. The undifferentiated carcinoma cells, diffusely and dissociatedly proliferating in the mucosa as well as in the submucosal and muscular layer, fluoresced intensely for both antisera. On the other hand, the well‐differentiated ones of adenocarcinoma type were devoid of fluorescence. Fluorescence appeared where the ordered glandular pattern became disarranged. Carcinoma cells metastasizing into serous effusion singly or in small clusters, fluoresced well. The usefullness of this immunofluorescence technique in the cytologic diagnosis of carcinoma cells in effusions was ascertained.

Okayasu, Isao; Mori, Wataru; Kajita, Akira

doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1827.1974.tb00839.xpmid: 4447000

A collection of 27 autopsy cases of so‐called splenic agenesis syndrome which consisted of asplenia, severe cardiovascular malformations, and situs inversus or heterotaxia (partial or total) was studied. The result of analysis of those characteristic cardiovascular anomalies and abnormal symmetry with right‐ sidedness of the visceral organs suggested that it would be quite reasonable to use the term splenic agenesis syndrome, to some extent. Classification into two types; complete (splenic agenesis with cardiovascular anomalies and abdominal heterotaxy) and incomplete (with one of cardiovascular anomalies or abdominal heterotaxy) also seemed to be useful. Secondary changes included marked fibrous thickening of the small pulmonary artery intima or thrombus formation due to stenosis or atresia of the pulmonary trunk, and various alterations in liver, kidney, and other organs, which seemed to correspond to the finding by so‐called morbus caeruleus. As the possible reaction compensating the congenital asplenic condition, multiple lymph follicles of various stages were found in the bone marrow of the older age group, although no significant tendency of hyper‐ or hypoplasia was detected in the peripheral lymph apparatus including lymph nodes.

Uei, Yoshio; Suzuki, Masatoshi

doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1827.1974.tb00840.xpmid: 4141213

Human pituitary glands in 97 unselected cases receiving glucocorticoid treatment were examined in order to study the iatrogenic Crooke's changes, particularly with regard to the dose of glucocorticoids applied and duration of medication. The dose of glucocorticoids compound applied was all converted into the equivalent amount of prednisolone. Crooke's changes occurred only in the β1 cell (Bain and Ezrin), which was identified by the aldehyde thionine‐PAS‐orange G stain and regarded as the ACTH/MSH cell. The degree of Crooke's changes was semi‐quantitatively divided into negative, suspicious and positive groups; the last was subdivided into those of a slight, moderate and severe degree. From the findings in 35 positive cases, receiving glucocorticoids continuously to the time of death, the minimal “dose‐duration formula” for developing Crooke's changes was obtained. The degree of Crooke's changes well correlated with the duration of therapy (rK=0.867, α=0.0083) and much more correlated with the total dose of glucocorticoids applied (rK=0.934, α=0.0083). Crooke's changes remained as long as 119 days after discontinuation of the therapy. Indirect evidence for the reversibility of Crooke's changes was obtained from two negative cases. There was a tendency that posterior lobe cells of possible intermediate lobe origin were also involved in the alteration with increasing dose of glucocorticoids.

Nagashima, Kazuo; Yamaguchi, Kazuyoshi; Hasumi, Katsuhiko; Oota, Kunio

doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1827.1974.tb00841.xpmid: 4447001

An autopsy case of a malignant gliomatosis peritonei originating from cystic ovarian teratoma of a 22‐year‐old Japanese female is reported. The primary ovarian tumor, resected 8 months prior to death, consisted of a grade 3 teratoma with a small occult focus compatible with endodermal sinus tumor. The metastatic lesions which were found in the mediastinal and cervical lymph nodes as well as in the peritoneal cavity, consisted solely of atypical neuroglial elements. A review of the literatures describing the cases of benign glial implants and of immature neural elements is also presented.

Kishida, ShūTji; Yoshie, Yumiko; Hamamoto, Yüji

doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1827.1974.tb00842.xpmid: 4531813

The case of a 44‐year‐old male with subacute myelocytic leukemia complicated by clinically unsuspected toxoplasmosis was reported on the basis of previously autopsied cases. Many pseudocysts were found in the brain, heart and mucous membrane of the stomach by using H.E. staining and studied by the aid of special stains and electronmicroscope.

Nishimori, Issei; Moriyama, Nobuo; Tsuda, Nobuo; Shimomura, Akira

doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1827.1974.tb00843.xpmid: 4447002

A 19‐year‐old female belonging to a family of Alport's syndrome was autopsied and her kidneys were examined in detail light and electron microscopically. The basement membrane was examined chiefly and the laminated thickening and/or splitting, looseness, irregularity and rail‐like appearance of lamina densa were found in the glomerular, Bowman's capsular, tubular and interstitial capillary basement membranes. These findings were strongly suggestive of Alport's syndrome, whether or not the particles are seen in the basement membrane. In addition, Japanese reports on Alport's syndrome (total 48 families) were summarized and renal lesions were examined in comparison. It has been said that the prognosis is worse in the male than in the female, but according to our Investigation on case reports in Japan, the prognosis showed no difference between male and female.