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Aiello, Antonio; Tesi, Alessio
doi: 10.1093/swr/svx005pmid: N/A
AbstractThe work-related well-being of social workers has become a central concern in international psychosocial literature. The majority of studies have focused on the negative outcomes of social work (for example, work-related stress, burnout, job dissatisfaction) and only a few studies have considered the positive work-related health outcomes. In an attempt to address this gap, the aim of the present study was to investigate the role of both psychological well-being (PWB)—from a eudaimonic paradigm (that is, person's optimal functioning)—and job resources in promoting social workers’ work engagement (WE). Following the job demands-resources model and the conservation of resources theory, authors hypothesized that job resources mediate the relationship between PWB and WE. The study sample was composed of 140 social workers provided with a paper-and-pencil questionnaire. Structural equation models and mediational analyses were applied and confirmed that job resources fully mediate the association between PWB and WE. PWB acts as a personal resource that endorses perception, identification, and even promotion of job resources. Job resources, in turn, were associated with WE. The article concludes with proposals of systemic interventions aiming at improving social workers’ work-related health.
Shafer, Kevin; Fielding, Brandon; Wendt, Douglas
doi: 10.1093/swr/svx006pmid: N/A
AbstractDepressed parents may negatively influence the well-being and outcomes of their children. However, prior research has mostly addressed mother's depression and early childhood outcomes, whereas fathers and adolescents have been largely ignored in the literature. Using data from the sixth grade and age 15 waves of the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development's Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development, this study addresses similarities and differences in the influence of paternal and maternal depression on adolescent behavior. Results from structural equation models showed that paternal depression had direct effects on both internalizing and externalizing behaviors, whereas maternal depression did not. Maternal depression worked through parenting behaviors, whereas paternal depression did not. These results highlight the importance of understanding depression through a gender-specific lens, highlight the paternal role in the family system, and underscore the importance of better depression screening and help-seeking interventions for fathers.
Lee, JoAnn S.; Tajima, Emiko A.; Herrenkohl, Todd I.; Hong, Seunghye
doi: 10.1093/swr/svx003pmid: N/A
AbstractThe study reported in this article used labeling theory to examine the relationship between multiple labels in adolescence and self-reported criminal behavior in adulthood. This study used childhood, adolescent, and adult interviews (N = 357) from the Lehigh Longitudinal Study, which followed a high-risk community sample of individuals recruited from child welfare caseloads and other group settings in Pennsylvania. Structural equation modeling was used to estimate the effects of three measures of labeling (formal legal system involvement, false stops by the police, and reflected parental perceptions) on crime in adulthood. Gender differences also were examined. Reflected parental perceptions of adolescents as deviant were significantly associated with criminal behaviors in adulthood, but both legal system labels (that is, formal legal system involvement and false stops by the police) were not. There were no gender differences in the effect of labeling on later criminal behaviors.
Harrison, Jennifer; Spybrook, Jessaca; Curtis, Amy; Cousins, Linwood
doi: 10.1093/swr/svx002pmid: N/A
AbstractEffective evidence-based practice (EBP) implementation is crucial to eliminating the science-to-service gap and getting the research into a usable form for social workers and other practitioners. When EBPs are developed, their implementation over time in large-scale models is often not well researched or understood. In an analysis of integrated dual disorder treatment (IDDT) implementation and fidelity for 2006–2012 among 68 teams in one entire state, fidelity significantly improved each year for both baseline reviews [F(6, 57) = 5.62, p < .001] and second reviews [F(3, 33) = 2.71, p = .03]. IDDT teams that first implemented later in time had significantly higher baseline fidelity scores than early or mid-adopter teams [F(2, 61) = 10.15, p < .001]. However, teams varied significantly in their baseline review and growth in review between occurrences. This suggests that IDDT and other EBPs can be successfully implemented over time. The article provides information on ways to support teams with training, policy support, and contractual incentives.
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