Current Psychology

Kay, Abigail E.; Lamont, Jean M.

doi: 10.1007/s12144-024-06416-4pmid: N/A

Poor body image and eating attitudes predict poor physical health in college women. Because college women may model their mothers’ body image and eating attitudes, mothers’ body image and eating attitudes may be associated with college women’s body image, eating attitudes, and ultimately college women’s physical health. This study hopes to address gaps in research linking daughters’ perceptions of their mothers’ body image and eating attitudes to daughters’ own body image and eating attitudes, and ultimately to daughters’ health. Participants were undergraduate women (n = 159) who had lived with their mother growing up. Participants reported on perceptions of their mothers’ body shame and eating attitudes, their own body shame and eating attitudes, and their own general health and physical functioning. Participants’ perceptions of their mother’s body shame and eating attitudes did not directly predict participants’ physical health, but this relationship was mediated by participants’ body shame and eating attitudes. These results support the idea that college women may model their body image after their mothers, and that this in turn may be associated with their physical health.

Kurşuncu, Mustafa Alperen; Baştemur, Şule

doi: 10.1007/s12144-024-06519-ypmid: N/A

University students with higher experiential avoidance may not manage the adverse effects of dysfunctional family dynamics and develop interpersonal difficulties and suicidal risks. The purpose was to examine the mediating roles of experiential avoidance and interpersonal needs (i.e., thwarted belongingness, and perceived burdensomeness) in the relationship between family-of-origin dynamics and suicidality. Seven hundred ninety-four Turkish university students responded to a survey package measuring the constructs of self-differentiation, triangling, interpersonal needs, experiential avoidance, suicidality, and demographic information. Specific indirect effects -in two separate structural equation models- testing mediation effects of latent variables with bootstrapping revealed that participants with greater self-differentiation reported lower levels of experiential avoidance, perceived burdensomeness, thwarted belongingness (in serial), and suicidality (Model 1). Participants with higher triangling reported higher experiential avoidance, perceived burdensomeness, thwarted belongingness (in serial), and suicidality (Model 2). Perceived burdensomeness might be a predominant predictor of suicidality in the context of intergenerational family dynamics. Suicidality may increase as university students use avoidant coping strategies. The integrative perspective of the current study contributed to the literature that family-of-origin dynamics have a role in understanding the psychological flexibility and suicidal risks of university students. Implications may include assisting university students in greater self-differentiation and psychological flexibility. Mental health specialists may also consider strategies that university students achieve ‘de-triangling’ in their family of origin.

Herold, Margherita; Simbula, Silvia; Gallucci, Marcello

doi: 10.1007/s12144-024-06534-zpmid: N/A

In recent years, increasing attention has been paid to identifying new approaches to improve workplace well-being and manage stress with the help of m-health solutions. The primary purpose of this review is to provide an overview of the current use of smartphone applications integrated with wearable technologies in stress management and the promotion of well-being in the workplace. A key terms literature search was performed using multiple electronic databases. The review process followed the international PRISMA statement guidelines. A quality assessment was conducted using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. A total of 25 eligible papers published between 2016 and 2023 were included. Interventions proposed were heterogeneous and primarily based on smartphone applications (72%). 84% of the interventions had background theories, with a high preference for Mindfulness. Interventions were reported as generally significant, and the combined use of smartphone applications and wearable technologies increased awareness at the individual and collective levels. In conclusion, the review demonstrates how the interventions developed through the synergy of technologies can effectively promote well-being and reduce stress in the workplace context, decreasing the stigma still related to mental health and increasing peer support strategies. This work opens the doors to several possibilities for future research. It could be interesting to indagate more in-depth the value of integration between technologies and, eventually, the integration with more traditional type of interventions, e.g., face-to-face activities, evaluating if this synergy can amplify and strengthen the results.Protocol registration: The review protocol was registered with PROSPERO: CRD42023423126 (May 2nd, 2023).

Baranes, Levana; Shimoni, Hagar; Axelrod, Vadim

doi: 10.1007/s12144-024-06541-0pmid: N/A

Humans spend a significant portion of their waking hours day-dreaming, so gaining a deeper comprehension of the phenomenon is of substantial importance. To better characterize the day-dreaming phenomenon, in the present study we asked: (1) What is the relationship between day-dreaming and the age of young adults? (2) What is the relationship between day-dreaming and the education level of young adults? (3) Is there a difference in day-dreaming propensity between females and males? and (4) Is day-dreaming propensity genetically determined? To address these questions, we examined individual differences in day-dreaming propensity by using the large Human Connectome Project Young dataset of 1,200 young adult participants. We found that: (1) Day-dreaming propensity was negatively correlated with age of participants; (2) Day-dreaming propensity was positively correlated with education level of participants; (3) There was no difference in day-dreaming propensity between genders, but positive correlation between day-dreaming propensity and education level was much higher for females than males; and (4) Monozygotic compared to dizygotic twins were more similar to each other with regard to propensity to day-dream, suggesting that propensity to day-dream is at least to some extent genetically determined. Overall, the present novel findings help better characterize the day-dreaming phenomenon.

Li, Xuefeng; Chen, Jingyan; Wang, Jinpeng; Ding, Jinhong; Xiao, Jing

doi: 10.1007/s12144-024-06423-5pmid: N/A

The relationship between anxiety symptoms and stress among adolescents has received considerable attention in psychological research. Nonetheless, traditional studies predominantly employ a variable-centered approach, overlooking the potential existence of distinct subgroups within the adolescent population that exhibit unique patterns of anxiety and stress. This study aimed to uncover such subgroupings among Chinese adolescents through latent profile analysis (LPA), utilizing the Multidimensional Anxiety Scale for Children (MASC) and the Adolescent Life Events Questionnaire (ALEQ). The sample comprised 1,027 students aged 14-19 years (M = 16.26, SD= 0.90) from two middle schools in China. The analysis revealed a three-class solution as the most fitting model, delineating subgroups with Low stress/Low symptoms (51.6%), Low stress/High symptoms (37.2%), and High stress/Low symptoms (11.2%). Subsequent multinomial logistic regression analyses explored the associations between subgroup membership and various demographic and psychological factors, including gender, age, residential background, depression levels, family income, and parents’ marital status and educational levels. The findings indicated a higher prevalence of girls in the “Low stress/High symptom” group and boys in the “High stress/Low symptom” group. Moreover, adolescents from urban areas were more likely to fall into the “High stress/Low symptoms” group, and a strong correlation was observed between higher levels of depression and increased stress or anxiety. These results underscore the importance of incorporating assessments of stress and anxiety into the clinical evaluation of adolescents to enhance the efficacy of psychotherapeutic and preventive interventions.

Dávila Espuela, Nélida; Reina Paz, Maria Dolores; Erro-Garcés, Amaya

doi: 10.1007/s12144-024-06399-2pmid: N/A

This paper aims to shed light on the potential influence of daily usage time of social media on customer loyalty through social media. The main objective is to identify, on the one hand, possible generational differences regarding usage time and, on the other, what characteristics of social media posts impacting loyal customer outcomes are most affected by usage time. To this end, after an exhaustive review of the current state of the art, an online survey was conducted in the last quarter of 2022 with a sample of 485 individuals to assess their opinions and intentions toward different types of social media posts. Attitudinal responses were collected for 12 study variables, and an independence test and a series of regressions were conducted to validate the hypotheses. The results indicate that there are indeed generational differences in social media usage time. Additionally, it was observed that usage time is a significant predictor of social media loyalty in general and, specifically, for loyalty created through posts with relevant content, campaigns with incentives, and popular content among friends. Among the conclusions of this study is the applicability to the business sector, regarding the various considerations that companies should take into account based on their communication objectives and the target user profile, as well as the type of social media posts they should consider.

Turnalar-Çetinkaya, Neslihan; İşiaçık, Serin

doi: 10.1007/s12144-024-06503-6pmid: N/A

People have overlapping identities that impact their experiences. It is, therefore, essential to examine relationships between social identities to understand stereotypes and their effects better. The primary objective of this study was to explore perceptions of sexual orientation, age, gender, ethnicity, and stereotypical attributes of warmth and competence in a Turkish organizational context. The secondary objective was to discern coworker and manager preferences based on the intersection of these categories. A sample of 451 university students rated hypothetical work profiles. Analysis showed that Turkishness was pivotal in shaping social perceptions and workplace relationship preferences. The integration of stigmatized group categories, such as Kurdish identity, with non-stigmatized categories showed adverse impacts on preferences. The research highlights the importance of studying the interplay among diverse identity categories when analyzing social dynamics. We propose practical and theoretical implications concerning workplace diversity and discrimination.

Lee, Seonghee; Bae, Sung-Man

doi: 10.1007/s12144-024-06484-6pmid: N/A

This study examined the longitudinal mediating effect of growth mindset on the relationship between parenting style and depression. This study analyzed the data of the of 4,398 participants, which were obtained from the Gyeonggi Education Panel Study, collected by the Gyeonggi Education Research Institute in Korea for a total of 6 years from 4th to 9th, using a multivariate latent growth model. The analysis result showed that, first, authoritative parenting style and growth mindset decreased over time, while depression increased over time. Second, the intercept of authoritative parenting style had a negative effect on the intercept of depression. However, the intercept of authoritative parenting style had no significant effect on the slope of depression. The intercept of growth mindset negative effect on the intercept of depression. In addition, the slope of growth mindset negative effect on the slope of depression. Third, growth mindset partially mediated the relationship between authoritative parenting style and depression. This study is meaningful in that it verified the developmental trajectory between variables, and the results suggest that it is necessary to develop and apply a program focused on improving growth mindset to prevent depression in adolescents.

Yu, Qianqian; Bo, Lyv

doi: 10.1007/s12144-024-06501-8pmid: N/A

Model gesture performance is one of the basic means of expression of fashionable clothing. The requirements of all walks of life have gradually increased to a high level of unity of spirit, form and emotion, which poses a higher level of challenge to the professional level and creative level of brand planners, advertising creative personnel, models and other related practitioners. This article takes the physical performance of sports models as the starting point. Considering the complexity of the background in crowd scenes, this paper proposes to combine the background subtraction algorithm with the pedestrian detection technology. The background subtraction algorithm is used to provide a target area for pedestrian detection, thereby effectively narrowing the search range and improving the detection rate. The removal of the background can effectively reduce the occurrence of false alarms and false detections in the detection process, thereby improving the detection accuracy. The relevant parameters required for advertisement evaluation can be counted, such as traffic flow, number of advertisement viewers, viewing time, viewing mode, etc. Therefore, the research on the influence of sports model body movements and clothing print network advertising effects needs to be focused on. According to experimental results, by placing sports clothing print online advertisements on the big screen, pedestrians were divided into two viewing modes, and the pedestrian viewing ratio was 88.82%. Among them, the proportion of watching while standing was 96.68%, and the proportion of watching while walking was 89.06%. In the statistics of the proportion of viewing time, the average statistical error was 3.9%. It shows that the system can effectively obtain the relevant experimental parameters in the actual detection, and make a scientific and reasonable evaluation of the advertising effect.

Perrini, Filippo; Bussone, Silvia; Semerari, Antonio; Salvati, Marco; Montano, Antonella

doi: 10.1007/s12144-024-06544-xpmid: N/A

It is well established that the exposure to adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) may alter the the development of personality. Nevertheless, only a part of individuals exposed to ACEs actually develop Personality Disorders (PDs). According to the alternative model of PDs, impairments in dimensional self-aspects, i.e., Identity and Self-direction (SD), may represent potential candidates to promote the transition from ACEs to PDs. We analysed patients’ data from the A.T. Beck Institute of Rome (n = 626) to evaluate the ACEs and SD interplay in PDs patients using Cloninger’s Self-Directedness to assess their SD. First, we explored the presence of ACEs in patients affected by PDs. Secondly, we examined the association between ACEs and SD and subsequently how SD influences the severity of the PDs. Finally, since SD and ACEs were both associated to PDs, we wondered if SD could mediate the relationships between ACEs and PDs. Results evidenced a partial competitive mediation effect of SD on the relationship between child abuse and neglect and the number of PDs. In agreement with the AMPD, Self-functioning dimension may represent a main target for psychotherapeutic intervention.