International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction

Chen, Jiawei; Wang, Xiying; Beck, Jordan; Wu, Chuqing; Carroll, John M.

doi: 10.1080/10447318.2019.1578548pmid: N/A

Understanding user behaviors and social relations in social media has been an important topic in Human-Computer Interaction research. In this paper, we look at an emerging form of social media, Event-based Social Networks (EBSNs), which support a special type of hybrid community where people are connected online to organize themselves for offline gatherings. EBSN users are labeled as either organizers or members on existing platforms, and their behavioral and relationship patterns in offline events have not been described systematically. To understand participation dynamics in EBSNs, we present an interview study with 12 Meetup users and categorize a variety of social roles beyond organizers and members. We identify that different types of organizers, classical leaders and delegated leaders, have different relationship patterns with various types of members, including active contributors, active followers, newcomers and occasional visitors. By comparing these roles with purely offline or online communities, we discuss how participation dynamics in EBSNs reflect the intertwined impacts of hybrid community and implications of our findings for technology designs.

Ha, Seungwan; Kim, Jusub

doi: 10.1080/10447318.2019.1580858pmid: N/A

People often strive to “externalize” memories for long-term saving or sharing with others using different forms of media. We devised a new interactive photograph system, I-Portrait, which enables interactive experiences with figures in a photograph. I-Portrait comprises short video clips that are recorded and played upon user interactions such as touch, voice, gestures, and facial expressions, providing users with the virtual experience of interaction with the figure. We evaluated the system by surveying 40 university students (age 20–29 years) on the level of social presence of the photograph (mutual awareness, emotional connectedness, and awareness of co-location) and users’ satisfaction, and comparing these measures between the I-Portrait system and traditional portraits. We found significant differences in all aspects of social presence suggesting that the interactivity of the I-Portrait system may significantly increase the social presence of physically distant others.

Jones, Alexander; Thoma, Volker

doi: 10.1080/10447318.2019.1587856pmid: N/A

Agile and User-centered design processes have been reported to frequently putting contradictory demands on people working within these methodological frameworks. The current research addresses this point by focussing on the crucial relationship between software developer and designer. An online survey, a contextual inquiry, and a diary study were employed with 107 developers and designers in a large media organization to determine the factors for success in agile development cycles. The results from the survey show that while developers and designers have similar levels of satisfaction with agile processes, there are differences in the factors predicting those ratings. Developers are happier with the wider teamwork but want more access to and close collaboration with designers, while the latters’ concern was the quality of the wider teamwork. Additional contextual inquiries and a diary study with pairs of designers and developers reflected the survey findings that close cooperation (and proximity) was essential for improving communication, reducing inefficiencies, and avoiding suboptimal products being released. However, organizational processes, the setup of the work environment, and managerial traditions meant that this close collaboration and localized decision-making was found difficult to maintain. Results from the survey, the contextual inquiry, and the diary study found six factors for success from collaborations emerged.

Beck, Donghyun; Jung, Jaemoon; Park, Juhee; Park, Woojin

doi: 10.1080/10447318.2019.1587857pmid: N/A

Despite three decades of use and related research efforts, how automotive HUD can be designed to best serve the driver is still an on-going research issue. For any human-machine system, studying the experiences of the existing users is an important first step towards design improvement and innovation. Nonetheless, surprisingly few studies have investigated the user experience of the existing commercial automotive HUD systems. In an effort to address the research gap, the current study conducted a user survey on the usage contexts and design improvement points of the existing automotive HUD systems focusing on eleven high-priority HUD information items selected among those displayed by the existing commercial HUD systems. A total of fifty-one drivers with significant prior HUD use experience participated. Design implications were derived from the survey responses. They may be useful for improving the existing automotive HUD systems in both the system functions and the interface/interaction design.

Guo, Fu; Li, Mingming; Qu, Qingxing; Duffy, Vincent G.

doi: 10.1080/10447318.2019.1587938pmid: N/A

The design of humanoid robots’ emotional behaviors has attracted many scholars’ attention. However, users’ emotional responses to humanoid robots’ emotional behaviors which differ from robots’ traditional behaviors remain well understood. This study aims to investigate the effect of a humanoid robot’s emotional behaviors on users’ emotional responses using subjective reporting, pupillometry, and electroencephalography. Five categories of the humanoid robot’s emotional behaviors expressing joy, fear, neutral, sadness, or anger were designed, selected, and presented to users. Results show that users have a significant positive emotional response to the humanoid robot’s joy behavior and a significant negative emotional response to the humanoid robot’s sadness behavior, indicated by the metrics of reported valence and arousal, pupil diameter, frontal middle relative theta power, and frontal alpha asymmetry score. The results suggest that humanoid robot’s emotional behaviors can evocate users’ significant emotional response. The evocation might relate to the recognition of these emotional behaviors. In addition, the study provides a multimodal physiological method of evaluating users’ emotional responses to the humanoid robot’s emotional behaviors.

Eldenfria, Atef; Al-Samarraie, Hosam

doi: 10.1080/10447318.2019.1595303pmid: N/A

Individual preferences for learning environments can be linked to a specific behavior. The tendency of such behavior can somehow be associated with an individual’s ability to cognitively engage in the learning process without being distracted by other stimuli. An online continuous adaptation mechanism (OCAM) of learning contents was developed in order to regulate the presentation of learning contents based on changes in the learner’s aptitude level. This was claimed to stimulate a better cognitive and emotional response among learners, thus stimulating their engagement. A total of 41 students (36 male and 5 female; age 20–25 years) participated in this study. The results revealed that learners’ levels of concentration and cognitive load were positively influenced by the OCAM, which significantly increased their engagement. Our findings can be used to inform designers and developers of online learning systems about the importance of regulating the presentation of learning contents according to the aptitude level of individual learners. The proposed OCAM can improve learners’ ability to process specific information meaningfully and make the inferences necessary for understanding the learning content.

Germany, Jason O.; Speranza, Philip; Anthony, Dan

doi: 10.1080/10447318.2019.1597572pmid: N/A

As displays move from the desktop and mobile world to situated urban and public spaces, these mixed use interfaces will continue to pose both opportunities and challenges for architects and product designers alike. In particular, the ability to visually communicate interface modality on a platform that supports both public and private interactions. To address this challenge starts with eliciting user attention and awareness with the goal of creating direct user engagement with the screen. Although other researchers have explored the topic of attention and public displays, our interdisciplinary team leveraged a far more fundamental product semantic strategy. Using the linguistic concept of ‘complementation’ we conducted a field study (n = 32) implementing both implicit and explicit screen based prompts. The results from the quantitative experiment show a foundational semantic approach to “coupled signals” that can be applied to a large range of design applications.