Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology

Begelman, D. A.; Hersen, Michel

doi: 10.1037/h0031292pmid: 5565611

Criticizes M. Obler and R. Terwilliger's (see pa, vol. 44:15121) study for (a) confounding of behavioral treatments, (b) unsystematic administration of primary and secondary reinforcers, (c) lack of clarity concerning the therapist's role, (d) absence of behaviorally based pre- and posttreatment measures, (e) inadequate and unsupported definition of awareness, and (f) the use of subjective and retrospective parental ratings. Alternative methodological procedures are suggested and the implications for behavioral research are noted. (25 ref.)

Terwilliger, Robert F.; Obler, Martin

doi: 10.1037/h0031294pmid: 5565618

Discusses the 3 major criticisms of D. Begelman and M. Hersen (see pa, vol. 47:issue 1): (a) the measurement of awareness, (b) the parental rating scale, and (c) the exact nature of the therapeutic technique employed. Questions are raised concerning whether it is possible to clearly separate the various behavior modification techniques empirically or theoretically.

Miller, Lovick C.; Hampe, Edward; Barrett, Curtis L.; Noble, Helen

doi: 10.1037/h0031287pmid: 5565623

Studied ratings on the louisville behavior checklist made by a random sample of 236 parents and a random stratified sample of 201 parents of 2nd through 7th graders. General population norms for 7-12 yr. Old children are reported for 13 scales in terms of scale scores and raw score equivalents. The average child manifests a few of each type of deviant behavior, but rarely shows a large number of behaviors related to any 1 type of disorder. The scales were minimally affected by demographic variables, E.g., race, socioeconomic status, and age, but deviant behavior was inversely associated with intelligence. Sex generally did not affect mean scores, but variance was higher for males. (15 ref.)

Pearson, Pamela H.

doi: 10.1037/h0031286pmid: N/A

Predicted differential relationships for 4 rational forms of the tendency toward novelty experiencing: (a) external sensation, (b) internal cognitive, (c) internal sensation, and (d) external cognitive. Results with 74 airmen support most of the predictions with respect to the variables of demographic information, social desirability, other novelty variables, self-descriptive traits, patterns of ego control, external vs. Internal control, interpersonal attraction, and needs proposed by H. A. Murray received support. In addition, reasonably good differentiation of the forms among themselves, and with the external variables, was obtained, especially for forms sharing neither source nor type of experience. Results support the fruitfulness of the strategy of measurement, this particular conceptualization of novelty experiencing, and for the adequacy of the scales. (21 ref.)

Weissman, Herbert N.; Goldschmid, Marcel L.; Stein, David D.

doi: 10.1037/h0031289pmid: 5565625

Examined the training and professional practices of 244 clinical psychologists to answer questions pertaining to the nature and quality of training. Past and present therapeutic orientations, amount and adequacy of training, areas of specialization, and work settings were studied in relationship to each other and to therapeutic techniques. A factor analysis yielded 9 "technique" factors. Training was most adequate for those who used psychodynamic approaches and least adequate for those who used techniques bearing on social, cultural, and environmental aspects of mental health. Espoused psychotherapeutic orientation appeared to be unrelated to techniques employed. (18 ref.)

Killian, L. R.

doi: 10.1037/h0031309pmid: N/A

Tested 84 kindergarten and 1st grade anglo-americans, spanish-american "monolinguals," and spanish-american "bilinguals," matched on school achievement, with the wisc, illinois test of psycholinguistic abilities, and bender visual motor gestalt test. Specific cognitive deficits which might account for the poor school performance of spanish-american schoolchildren were examined. Expected global differences were found, but in 10 of 18 subtests there were no group differences. Results suggest that spanish-american children are deficient on the input side of communicative skills, especially in understanding sentences and pictures. Bilingualism per se did not appear to be as important a variable as is commonly assumed.

Kenny, Thomas J.

doi: 10.1037/h0031300pmid: 5565626

Administered the bender-gestalt test incorporating the background interference procedure (bip) devised by A. Canter to 180 8-12 yr. Olds in (a) a brain-damaged group, (b) an emotionally disturbed group, and (c) a normal control group. The bip yielded significantly higher scores for the brain-damaged, while the scores of the controls and emotionally disturbed did not differ. All of the brain-damaged had higher test scores on the bip than on the standard bender administration, while over 1/2 the emotionally disturbed had lower scores on the bip.

Murstein, Bernard I.

doi: 10.1037/h0031285pmid: N/A

Theorized that marital choice occurs as a result of marital bargaining of which self-acceptance is a key negotiable asset. 4 hypotheses were formulated for 99 undergraduate couples who were "going steady" or were engaged: (a) persons became engaged to partners of similar degree of self-ideal-self acceptance, (b) the perception of the partner as similar or different depends on the degree of self-acceptance, (c) persons of low self-acceptance marry those whom they perceive as less desirable, (d) perceived role fit between perception of fiance and ideal spouse will be significantly greater than actual role fit (self-perception by 1 partner and ideal spouse desired by other partner). All hypotheses are confirmed. (16 ref.)

Lefcourt, Herbert M.; Telegdi, Melanie S.

doi: 10.1037/h0031280pmid: N/A

Assigned 90 male undergraduates to 1 of 4 groups on the basis of scores on the internal-external control scale and a rod-and-frame device. Ss were then tested on 2 measures of cognitive activity and 2 measures of verbal productivity. Significant interacitons between locus of control and field dependence were obtained. As predicted, internal-field-independent ss scored highest on all measures. In contrast to the hypotheses, however, external-field-dependent ss were not the lowest scorers. Rather, the theoretically incongruent groups (external-field independent, internal-field dependent) scored lowest on each measure. (17 ref.)