Journal of Consulting Psychology

Hybl, A. R.; Stagner, Ross

doi: 10.1037/h0054065pmid: 14946279

90 male VA patients were subjected to experimental frustration situations. Differences in frustration tolerance were observed among various diagnostic groups, with normals and schizophrenics showing "high frustration tolerance" and neurotics, alcoholics, and psychopaths showing "substantial disruption." Frustration tolerance, as experimentally measured by disruption, is considered to be a generalized aspect of the individual personality. Psychopaths showed the least degree of generalization. Frustration tolerance was increased by therapy.

Davenport, Beverly Fest

doi: 10.1037/h0059573pmid: N/A

"6 clinical psychologists studied 6 TAT records . . . and decided whether or not 207 typical interpretive statements and 43 author-originated statements applied to each TAT, making possible an evaluation of reliable-discrimination." The statements were also rated by 26 other clinical psychologists, as to degree of ambiguity and degree of universality. Chief conclusions of the study were: (1) Absence of reliable-discrimination was the most significant finding. (2) Statements rated as "universal" were applied by judges to any patient; judges avoided the use of more specific statements. Other findings suggesting further study are presented and discussed. The author considers the chief value of the study to be the suggestion of a "flexible methodology for the study of interpretive statements."

Ansbacher, H. L.

doi: 10.1037/h0054866pmid: 14946281

Using 100 fourth-grade children as subjects, results from Goodenough's test were correlated with those from Thurstone's PMA Test. Subjects were also given 3 subtests of the MacQuarrie Test for Mechanical Ability. Results were as follows: (1) Goodenough's Test was most highly correlated with the factors of reasoning, space, and perception. (2) It had little in common with verbal meaning and number. (3) It had least in common with the MacQuarrie Tapping and Dotting subtests. (4) It correlated .34 with the MacQuarrie subtest, Tracing. The author concludes on the basis of this evidence that "Goodenough performance is related to personality."

Hunt, William A.; French, Elizabeth G.

doi: 10.1037/h0057933pmid: 14946282

The uses of the CVS intelligence scale developed by the authors are discussed in some detail. (CVS consists of the Comprehension and Similarities scales of the Wechsler-Bellevue, and a 15 word vocabulary test adapted by Thorndike from the Stanford-Binet.) Results are given based on the use of the CVS as a clinical measure of intelligence, as a screening device for indicating possible psychopaths, as well as findings concerned with the problem of age norms at older levels, reliability, and the detection of malingering.

Bloom, Bernard L.

doi: 10.1037/h0061179pmid: 14946283

A comprehensive questionnaire was distributed to 79 state institutions caring for mental defectives, epileptics, or both. Returns were obtained from 60 institutions. The questionnaire attempted to ascertain the needs and activities of psychology departments in these institutions. Findings indicate that (1) a significant shortage of professional personnel in these departments exists; (2) psychologists show much individual variation in their choice of test instruments, with recently developed tests of intelligence and personality being used most often; (3) there is marked agreement regarding the desirability of more emphasis in the future on research and psychotherapy.

Wittenborn, J. R.; Weiss, Walter

doi: 10.1037/h0059432pmid: 14946284

On the basis of a factor analysis of symptoms of 20 patients diagnosed as manic depressive psychosis––manic state, the authors conclude that: (1) these patients tend to differ from each other in "specifiable symptomatic respects"; (2) sex differences are associated with differences in symptoms; (3) the "quantified multiple psychiatric diagnosis", an approach developed by the author, reveals important differences and similarities in patients which are obscured by the psychiatrist's conventional diagnosis.

Narciso, John C.

doi: 10.1037/h0057104pmid: 14946285

"20 persons manifesting acne of the face were compared upon the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory to a corresponding group of 20 persons manifesting no overt acne. It was found that the acne group differed significantly from the control group on 4 of the 9 scales of the MMPI, namely, hypochondriasis, hysteria, psychasthenia, and schizophrenia."

Dymond, Rosalind F.; Hughes, Anne S.; Raabe, Virginia L.

doi: 10.1037/h0061864pmid: 14946286

On the basis of results obtained from administering a projective test and a social insight test to 2 groups of children from a rural public high school, the authors conlude that there was a marked increase of empathy from the 7 year old level to the 11 year old level. The problem is raised and discussed as to whether or not such an increase represents increase in empathy or simply increase in ability to communicate verbally. "The authors' best estimate is that, by and large, the empathic ability of children increases with age."

Gough, Harrison G.; Peterson, Donald R.

doi: 10.1037/h0055020pmid: 14946287

"A role-taking theory of psychopathy was applied to the practical problem of the identification and measurement of predispositional factors in crime and delinquency. An assessment device was constructed which was capable of differentiating significantly between delinquents and controls in both original and cross-validational samples. Some possibilities for additional studies were suggested, and the analysis of the "social stimulus values' of the test instrument was conducted."

Kirk, Barbara

doi: 10.1037/h0055697pmid: 14946288

This is a discussion of the "basic symptomatology" and dynamics of behavior to be found in college students whose academic performance is severely and chronically different from their ability test performance, with emphasis on situations where the latter is much superior to the former. A case history is presented to illustrate the author's conclusions. Implications for counseling such students are drawn.