Phytochemical Analysis

Vilegas, Janete H. Y.; Lanças, Fernando M.; Wauters, Jean‐Noël; Angenot, Luc

1998 Phytochemical Analysis

doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1099-1565(199811/12)9:6<263::AID-PCA415>3.0.CO;2-N

A high‐performance thin layer chromatographic (HPTLC) procedure for the characterization of adulteration of “espinheira santa” (Maytenus ilicifolia and Maytenus aquifolium, Celastraceae) with Sorocea bomplandii (Moraceae), by monitoring their flavonoid content with the aid of diphenylboric acid‐2‐aminoethylester‐polyethylene glycol 400 reagent, is presented. HPTLC data showed the predominance of highly glycosylated quercetin and kaempferol derivatives. The derivatized flavonoids were shown to be the best markers for distinguishing between authentic and adulterated drug samples, with several advantages over triterpene analysis. Copyright © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Arribére, María Cecilia; Cortadi, Adriana A.; Gattuso, Martha A.; Bettiol, Marisa P.; Priolo, Nora S.; Caffini, Néstor O.

1998 Phytochemical Analysis

doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1099-1565(199811/12)9:6<267::AID-PCA427>3.0.CO;2-4

Partial characterization of the crude proteolytic extracts of five Asclepiadaceae species namely Araujia hortorum Fourn., Asclepias curassavica L., Funastrum clausum (Jacq.) Schlechter, Morrenia brachystephana Griseb. and Morrenia odorata (Hook. et Arn.) Lindley, and a comparison of these results and those from other Asclepiadaceae species are reported. Additionally, the crude extract from M. brachystephana was submitted to further purification and characterization. The crude enzyme showed high proteolytic activity when assayed on casein in the presence of 12 mM cysteine but was strongly inhibited by very low concentrations of sodium iodoacetate (0.01 mM) and mercuric chloride (0.1 mM) suggesting that the enzyme belongs to the cysteinyl‐proteases type. Fractioned acetone precipitation followed by cation exchange chromatography allowed the separation of two basic ( pI > 9.3) proteolytically active fractions, both homogeneous by sodium dodecyl sulphate–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and with similar molecular masses (25.5 and 26 kDa).Copyright © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Garcia‐Viguera, Cristina; Zafrilla, Pilar; Tomás‐Barberán, Francisco A.

1998 Phytochemical Analysis

doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1099-1565(199811/12)9:6<274::AID-PCA416>3.0.CO;2-G

The use of acetone as an extraction solvent for anthocyanins from strawberry has been investigated. The results are compared with those obtained with classical acidified aqueous or methanolic solvents, the use of which gives rise to difficulties concerning sample concentration and filtration for further high‐performance liquid chromatographic analysis. The use of acetone allows an efficient and more reproducible extraction, avoids problems with pectins, and permits a much lower temperature for sample concentration. The method has been applied to the analysis of anthocyanins from four varieties of strawberry (Camarosa, Oso Grande, Chandler and Tudla) used for the industrial production of jam in Spain. The variety Camarosa was richest in anthocyanins; approximately 10% of the anthocyanins present in fresh fruit was lost during the freezing process. Copyright © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

García, C.; García, S.; Heinzen, H.; Moyna, P.; Niemeyer, H. M.

1998 Phytochemical Analysis

doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1099-1565(199811/12)9:6<278::AID-PCA423>3.0.CO;2-C

A new method is described for the quantification of 2,4‐dihydroxy‐7‐methoxy‐1,4‐benzoxazin‐3‐one (DIMBOA) and 2,4‐dihydroxy‐1,4‐benzoxazin‐3‐one (DIBOA), the main hydroxamic acids in wheat and rye extracts, respectively, in cereal extracts based on densitometry of scanned thin layer chromatographic plates. The method allows the simultaneous quantification of up to five samples, and is linear between 0.5–7 μg and 10–30 μg for DIMBOA and between 0.5–3.0 μg and 10–30 μg for DIBOA. Quantification of DIMBOA by this method generates a linear correlation with results obtained following analysis by high performance liquid chromatography. The possibility of applying this methodology to mixtures of DIBOA and DIMBOA is discussed. Copyright © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Zschocke, Sibylle; Liu, Jiang‐Hua; Stuppner, Hermann; Bauer, Rudolf

1998 Phytochemical Analysis

doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1099-1565(199811/12)9:6<283::AID-PCA419>3.0.CO;2-9

Thin layer and high performance liquid chromatographic methods for a rapid and clear differentiation of morphologically similar umbelliferous drugs, namely Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) Diels, A. pubescens Maxim. f. biserrata Shan et Yuan, A. dahurica (Fisch. ex Hoffm.) Benth et Hook, Ligusticum porteri Coulter & Rose, L. chuanxiong Hort. and Levisticum officinale Koch have been developed. A. pubescens, characterized by osthol and various angelol type coumarins, and A. dahurica, containing mainly linear furanocoumarins, are very easy to distinguish from A. sinensis, which contains Z‐ligustilide as a major compound. On the other hand, very similar phthalides and phthalide dimers, as well as falcarindiol and coniferyl ferulate have been found in A. sinensis, Ligusticum chuanxiong, L. porteri and Levisticum officinale, with mainly quantitative differences. A. sinensis and L. officinale differed only in the quantity of the polyacetylene falcarindiol, which was confirmed by liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry. Coniferyl ferulate is described for the first time as a constituent of A. sinensis, Ligusticum porteri and Levisticum officinale. Copyright © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Yat, Patrick N.; Arnason, John T.; Awang, Dennis V. C.

1998 Phytochemical Analysis

doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1099-1565(199811/12)9:6<291::AID-PCA417>3.0.CO;2-K

Eleutherosides were extracted with aqueous methanol and analysed by reversed‐phase high performance liquid chromatography on a C‐18 column. Recovery was better than 80% for eleutheroside B within the concentration range 500 to 10,000 μg, and similarly for eleutherosides E in the range 500 to 2,500 μg. Lower recovery values were obtained at higher concentrations for eleutheroside E due to its insolubility in alcoholic solutions. The use of trifluoroacetic acid solution in methanol was found to resolve the solubility problem. The concentration ranges over which a linearity of response for both eleutherosides could be validated were improved significantly by this adjustment. Copyright © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Miraldi, Elisabetta; Ferri, Sara; Franchi, Gian Gabriele

1998 Phytochemical Analysis

doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1099-1565(199811/12)9:6<296::AID-PCA421>3.0.CO;2-M

Santonin, a sesquiterpene lactone characteristic of many species of the genus Artemisia, has hitherto been quantitatively determined by long and complicated gravimetric procedures. A new, rapid, simple and accurate extraction and analytical procedure has been established. This high‐performance liquid chromatographic method employs a Licrospher 100‐RP column and a mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile:water in a gradient programme. Copyright © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.