Apmis

doi: 10.1111/apm.13237pmid: N/A

Hernández‐Zulueta, Joicye; Navarro‐Partida, José; Sánchez‐Aguilar, Oscar Eduardo; Cruz‐Pavlovich, Héctor Daniel Santa; Castro‐Castañeda, Carlos Rodrigo; González‐De la Rosa, Alejandro

doi: 10.1111/apm.13285pmid: 36453056

The human ocular surface hosts a bacterial assemblage that integrates a diverse and complex microbiome. This bacterial microbiota is part of a healthy eye and plays a protective role in it. However, this ocular bacterial assemblage may alter the ocular surface inflammation response and can influence the development and progression of dry eye disease. For this reason, the present review describes the changes generated on the ocular surface by bacterial assemblages during the development of dry eye disease. Likewise, the interaction of this microbiota with the other inflammatory factors that influence the development of this disease is analyzed, as well as the use of treatments focused on modifying the bacteria on the ocular surface.

Hakkola, Mikael; Vehviläinen, Pekka; Muotka, Janita; Tejesvi, Mysore V.; Pokka, Tytti; Vähäsarja, Päivi; Hanni, Anna‐Maija; Renko, Marjo; Uhari, Matti; Salo, Jarmo; Tapiainen, Terhi

doi: 10.1111/apm.13292pmid: 36602283

The mechanism by which cranberry‐lingonberry juice (CLJ) prevents urinary tract infections (UTI) in children remains unknown. We hypothesized that it alters the composition of the gut or urinary microbiome. Altogether, 113 children with UTIs were randomly allocated to drink either CLJ or a placebo juice for 6 months. We collected urinary samples at 3 months and fecal samples at 3, 6 and 12 months and used next‐generation sequencing of the bacterial 16S gene. The children who consumed CLJ had a lower abundance of Proteobacteria (p = 0.03) and a higher abundance of Firmicutes phylum (p = 0.04) in their urinary microbiome at 3 months than did those in the placebo group. The abundance of Escherichia coli in the urinary microbiome was 6% in the CLJ group and 13% in the placebo group (p = 0.42). In the gut microbiome the abundance of Actinobacteria at 3 and 12 months was higher in the children receiving CLJ. The diversity of the urinary and gut microbiome did not differ between the groups. The children drinking CLJ had a different urinary and gut microbiome from those receiving a placebo juice. A healthy urinary microbiome may be important in preventing UTIs in children.

Dubert, Marie; Derycke, Lucie; Bidaud, Anne‐Laure; Gibault, Laure; Le Pendu, Claire; Pogdlajen, Isabelle; Lebeaux, David

doi: 10.1111/apm.13287pmid: 36479708

Infectious native aortic aneurysm (INAA) are rare but life‐threatening infections. Early microbiological identification is crucial to initiate adequate therapy and decrease the peri‐operative risk, but can be challenging when blood cultures remain negative. We describe two cases of pneumococcal INAA with negative blood cultures, diagnosed in the with the pneumococcal urinary antigen test.

Castruita, Jose Alfredo Samaniego; Schneider, Uffe Vest; Mollerup, Sarah; Leineweber, Thomas Daell; Weis, Nina; Bukh, Jens; Pedersen, Martin Schou; Westh, Henrik

doi: 10.1111/apm.13294pmid: 36647776

In Denmark, vaccination against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona Virus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) has been with the Pfizer‐BioNTech (BTN162b2) or the Moderna (mRNA‐1273) mRNA vaccines. Patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection followed in our clinic received mRNA vaccinations according to the Danish roll‐out vaccination plan. To monitor HCV infection, RNA was extracted from patient plasma and RNA sequencing was performed on the Illumina platform. In 10 of 108 HCV patient samples, full‐length or traces of SARS‐CoV‐2 spike mRNA vaccine sequences were found in blood up to 28 days after COVID‐19 vaccination. Detection of mRNA vaccine sequences in blood after vaccination adds important knowledge regarding this technology and should lead to further research into the design of lipid‐nanoparticles and the half‐life of these and mRNA vaccines in humans.