Canadian Journal of Anesthesia/Journal canadien d'anesthésie

Jenkins, Leonard

doi: 10.1007/BF03005807pmid: 4647154

New concepts have recently developed, in the consideration of Drug Abuse3 (Non-medical Use of Drugs) not only in alterations of terminology but also in the depth and variety of understanding of the pharmacological and social problems that accompany the currently prevalent trend to increase of such abuse of drugs.

ffoulkes-Crabbe, Dorothy; Emma, Elizabeth

doi: 10.1007/BF03005808pmid: 4647155

A retrospective study was carried out of 301 tracheostomies performed in the Lagos University Teaching Hospital over a seven year period with the object of determining the usage, complication rate and therapeutic value of this operation. In their order of frequency during the period under review, the main indications for the operation were (1) relief of upper airway obstruction, (2) facilitation of intermittent positive pressure ventilation, (3) for tracheal and bronchial toilet and (4) for the protection of the airway. The number of tracheostomies performed declined in the latter part of the period under review. 192 complications occurred following 146 tracheostomies — an incidence of 47.1 per cent.

Turnbull, K.

doi: 10.1007/BF03005809pmid: 4647156

Fifteen patients ranging in age from 30 to 64 years and undergoing cardiac surgery were studied preoperatively and after premedication to assess the effects of narcotic-belladonna premedication on changes in physiological dead space (Vdphys), when inspired oxygen was varied from 20.95 per cent to 100 per cent. Measurements of arterial blood gases, end-tidal and mixed expired gases showed that there was a significant increase in dead space/tidal volume ratio VD/VT) when the inspired oxygen concentration was increased. Combined narcotic and belladonna premedication did not significantly affect VD/VT ratios when the same increase in inspired oxygen occurred.

Jones, M.; Craig, Douglas

doi: 10.1007/BF03005810pmid: 4647157

Venous reactions following insertion of plastic intravenous cannulae were studied in 302 patients. Four types of cannulae of different chemical composition were studied. Venous reactions increased with the duration of infusion and with the addition of irritant drugs to the infusion fluids. The highest incidence of venous reaction occurred with the use of a polyvinyl chloride cannula. There was less reaction associated with the other three cannulae, which were composed of polypropylene, TFE-Teflon, and FEP-Teflon. There was no significant difference between these three cannulae. It is concluded that clinically important differences in complications could not be attributed to the differences in cannula composition.

Johnston, A.; Radde, I.; Nisbet, H.; Taylor, J.

doi: 10.1007/BF03005811pmid: 4647158

Divalent cation concentration (Ca.++, Mg+ +) in piasma and their urinary excretion rates were measured during and for 48 hours following cardiopulmonary bypass in children undergoing open-heart operations. The patients were assigned to three treatment groups depending on the priming fluid used: ACD blood + calcium gluconate or calcium chloride and heparinized blood. The diluent in each case was 5 per cent dextrose in 0.2 per cent sodium chloride.

Johnston, A.; Radde, I.; Nisbet, H.; Taylor, J.

doi: 10.1007/BF03005812pmid: 4647159

The effects of low or normal calcium ion concentrations in the haemodiluted prime on plasma levels and urinary excretion of monovalent cations were contrasted in 32 children undergoing open-heart operations with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB).

Soliman, Magdi; Gillies, Deirdre

doi: 10.1007/BF03005813pmid: 4647160

This study shows that there are two distinct types of muscular hyperactivity which occur during recovery from all types of inhalation anaesthesia. Spasticity, which occurred in the large majority of patients, seemed to be part of the normal recovery pattern. Shivering, on the other hand, occurred in fewer than half the patients and seemed to be largely related to temperature loss during the operative procedure.

Reddy, A.; Wong, David

doi: 10.1007/BF03005814pmid: 4647161

Nous présentons une revue de désordres cutanés peu fréquents; ľépidermolyse huileuse et ses implications avec ľanesthésie; nous rapportons également ľhistoire de trois cas cliniques.

Ratzlaff, Elmer; Jenkins, Leonard

doi: 10.1007/BF03005815pmid: 4647162

A case of succinyldicholine-induced malignant hyperthermia has been presented to illustrate some of the problems usually encountered in the successful management of this syndrome.

Cummings, J.; Harris, W.; Agar, J.

doi: 10.1007/BF03005816pmid: 4675033

A modification of thiopental-curare-nitrous oxide anaesthesia for use in operations lasting up to 13 hours was developed and used on 67 pregnant sows. Of the six fatalities only two could be directly attributed to anaesthesia responses. Optimal haemodynamics and a constant steady level of anaesthesia were maintained throughout the entire procedure. There was little or no anaesthetic depression of the foetuses delivered by caesarian section. Recovery from anaesthesia was smooth and uncomplicated. Details of the procedure have been presented in the text.