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Boadu, Fred O.; Wise, Steven M.
doi: 10.1002/1520-6297(199311)9:6<535::AID-AGR2720090602>3.0.CO;2-Bpmid: N/A
Rules of origin are included in international trade agreements to prevent third countries from illegally benefitting from the rules set out in the agreement. Rules of origin are especially important in the case of the proposed US‐Mexico free trade agreement (FTA) because the US market is attractive to several developing countries that export products similar to those exported from Mexico, particularly Central and South American countries. The rules affecting cotton fiber and other agricultural products need to be carefully designed and enforced if the United States and Mexico are to capture the full benefits of the FTA. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
doi: 10.1002/1520-6297(199311)9:6<557::AID-AGR2720090603>3.0.CO;2-0pmid: N/A
This study evaluates pig and poultry feed cost and composition effects from including quality protein maize (QPM) as an alternative energy and protein source. Cost savings could be as high as 3.4% (about $5/ton) for pig feed, with QPM constituting about 80% of the ration and replacing all regular maize and synthetic lysine and 40% of soybean meal. Savings are slightly lower for poultry feed. However, if a 5% price premium for QPM over regular maize is assumed most of the savings are lost, indicating that QPM should compete at the same price to be economically attractive as a commercial feedstuff. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Halliburton, Karen; Henneberry, Shida Rastegari
doi: 10.1002/1520-6297(199311)9:6<569::AID-AGR2720090604>3.0.CO;2-Tpmid: N/A
This study gives an overview of the US government market promotion programs for peanuts as well as the US trading position in international peanut markets. FAS data on the Cooperator (CMDP), Targeted Export Assistance and Market Promotion Programs (TEA/MPP) were examined to identify how program expenditures have been allocated among regions and activities. Analysis shows that during the 1986–1991 period, three‐quarters of CMDP, TEA, and MPP funding for peanuts was directed to the European Community, the largest US peanut export market. Moreover, branded consumer promotion has accounted for a large percentage of program expenditures worldwide. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Van Tassell, Larry W.; Gray, Morgan D.
doi: 10.1002/1520-6297(199311)9:6<585::AID-AGR2720090605>3.0.CO;2-Opmid: N/A
Existence of an experience curve effect for Tennessee dairy farmers was examined using cross‐sectional data. The strongest experience effect was found when data was indexed by the farmers' level of production in the inaugural year of farming. There also appeared to be a strong relationship between experience effect and productivity of the dairy herd when first purchased. Using years of experience as a proxy for accumulated output appeared to slightly overstate the experience effect in most cases. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Folwell, Raymond J.; Andy Moberg, D.
doi: 10.1002/1520-6297(199311)9:6<595::AID-AGR2720090606>3.0.CO;2-Ipmid: N/A
Food/beverage retailing practices have placed increasing emphasis on shelf management. While price is the major economic factor influencing sales of individual products, other nonprice factors such as number of facings, shelf height, and season of the year, are also paramount to the sales of products. The significance of these factors varies with wine type. Price and number of facings were significant in the sales of table wines in all stores in the study, whereas shelf height was in in two of the stores. For sparkling and dessert wines, number of facings was significant in explaining variations in sales in all stores, whereas price, shelf height, and season of the year were significant in a limited number of stores. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Carman, Hoy F.; Green, Richard D.
doi: 10.1002/1520-6297(199311)9:6<605::AID-AGR2720090607>3.0.CO;2-4pmid: N/A
A simulation model of the California avocado industry is used to estimate the impact of a producerfunded generic advertising program on acreage and returns over time. Although returns from advertising can be quite favorable in the short‐run, improved returns stimulate increased plantings and the resulting production will erode advertising returns over time. California avocado producers, after over 30 years of actively promoting their product, appear to have real returns per acre similar to those that would have occurred without advertising but advertising has become a built‐in cost. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Novoselov, Yuri A.; Streletsky, Andrei Y U.; Lewis, Carol E.; Greenberg, Joshua A.
doi: 10.1002/1520-6297(199311)9:6<623::AID-AGR2720090608>3.0.CO;2-Ypmid: N/A
The economic and political climate of the former Union of Soviet Socialist Republics is changing rapidly. Because of these dramatic changes, it is difficult to provide an analysis of development in agriculture. Average annual agricultural production for the 1986–1990 period increased somewhat in volume when compared to the 1980–1985 average. However, the trend of increasing production did not continue in 1991, when agricultural output fell below the 1990 level. The primary causes of this downturn are crisis in the financial sector, disintegration of the material and equipment supply system to farm enterprises, price differences between industrial and agricultural commodities, the rigid purchasing system for agricultural outputs, weakening of central authorities, and state monopoly. Financial recovery and political stability are necessary for future growth of the agricultural sector. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
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