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Chu, Wei; Tian, Pengqian; Ding, Ning; Cai, Qing; Li, Jinlong; Zhuo, Xuezhi; Tang, Zhaohui; Gou, Jingxin; Yin, Tian; Zhang, Yu; He, Haibing; Tang, Xing
doi: 10.1007/s11095-018-2506-2pmid: 30327887
doi: 10.1007/s11095-018-2513-3pmid: 30324424
Ophthalmic ointments are unique in that they combine features of topical drug delivery, the ophthalmic route and ointment (semisolid) formulations. Accordingly, these complex formulations are challenging to develop and evaluate and therefore it is critically important to understand their physicochemical properties as well as their in vitro drug release characteristics. Previous reports on the characterization of ophthalmic ointments are very limited. Although there are FDA guidance documents and USP monographs covering some aspects of semisolid formulations, there are no FDA guidance documents nor any USP monographs for ophthalmic ointments. This review summarizes the physicochemical and in vitro profiling methods that have been previously reported for ophthalmic ointments. Specifically, insight is provided into physicochemical characterization (rheological parameters, drug content and content uniformity, and particle size of the API in the finished ointments) as well as important considerations (membranes, release media, method comparison, release kinetics and discriminatory ability) in in vitro release testing (IVRT) method development for ophthalmic ointments.
Mvango, Sindisiwe; Matshe, William; Balogun, Abideen; Pilcher, Lynne; Balogun, Mohammed
doi: 10.1007/s11095-018-2517-zpmid: 30324329
Malaria is one of the oldest infectious diseases that afflict humans and its history extends back for millennia. It was once prevalent throughout the globe but today it is mainly endemic to tropical regions like sub-Saharan Africa and South-east Asia. Ironically, treatment for malaria has existed for centuries yet it still exerts an enormous death toll. This contradiction is attributed in part to the rapid development of resistance by the malaria parasite to chemotherapeutic drugs. In turn, resistance has been fuelled by poor patient compliance to the relatively toxic antimalarial drugs. While drug toxicity and poor pharmacological potentials have been addressed or ameliorated with various nanomedicine drug delivery systems in diseases like cancer, no clinically significant success story has been reported for malaria. There have been several reviews on the application of nanomedicine technologies, especially drug encapsulation, to malaria treatment. Here we extend the scope of the collation of the nanomedicine research literature to polymer therapeutics technology. We first discuss the history of the disease and how a flurry of scientific breakthroughs in the latter part of the nineteenth century provided scientific understanding of the disease. This is followed by a review of the disease biology and the major antimalarial chemotherapy. The achievements of nanomedicine in cancer and other infectious diseases are discussed to draw parallels with malaria. A review of the current state of the research into malaria nanomedicines, both encapsulation and polymer therapeutics polymer-drug conjugation technologies, is covered and we conclude with a consideration of the opportunities and challenges offered by both technologies.
Khan, Iliyas; Gothwal, Avinash; Kaul, Ankur; Mathur, Rashi; Mishra, Anil; Gupta, Umesh
doi: 10.1007/s11095-018-2504-4pmid: 30311071
The typesetter did not use the Fig. 6 provided by the author with his proof corrections, and instead duplicated Fig. 7 by the Fig. 6 caption. The original article has been corrected.
Tran, Simon; Wilson, Clive; Seib, F.
doi: 10.1007/s11095-018-2534-ypmid: 30397820
Silk is a remarkable biopolymer with a long history of medical use. Silk fabrications have a robust track record for load-bearing applications, including surgical threads and meshes, which are clinically approved for use in humans. The progression of top-down and bottom-up engineering approaches using silk as the basis of a drug delivery or cell-loaded matrix helped to re-ignite interest in this ancient material. This review comprehensively summarises the current applications of silk for tissue engineering and drug delivery, with specific reference to the eye. Additionally, the review also covers emerging trends for the use of silk as a biologically active biopolymer for the treatment of eye disorders. The review concludes with future capabilities of silk to contribute to advanced, electronically-enhanced ocular drug delivery concepts.
Phan, Guillaume; Chioukh, Rym; Suhard, David; Legrand, Alexandre; Moulin, Charlotte; Sontag, Thibaud; Rebière, François; Bouvier-Capely, Céline; Agarande, Michelle; Renaud-Salis, Valérie; Jourdain, Jean-René
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