Classical theory of spinning particlesBhabha, H.
doi: 10.1007/BF03051342pmid: N/A
The exact relativistic classical equations taking radiation reaction into account for the rotation and translation of apoint dipole are given for the case where the dipole is always a pure magnetic dipole in the rest system. These equations are entirely free from any singularities. It is shown that the mass M, angular momentum of the spin I and magnetic moment g2 are three entirely independent constants with no connection between them. The cross-section for the scattering of light by a dipole is given by formula (56). This formula shows that due to radiation reaction the scattering actually decreases as ω−2 for very high frequenciesω, instead of increasing as ω2 when radiation reaction is neglected. The quantum mechanical formula for the scattering of neutral mesons by neutrons is shown to go wrong at energiesħ ω ≳ 3 μ due to neglect of the effects of radiation damping. The classical formula (56) can still be correctly applied in the range 3μ <ħ ω < M, where the quantum formula is wrong, M being the neutron mass. Finally reasons are given for thinking that the quantum theory of the electron fails at energies above about √3 × 137m due to neglect of the effect of radiation damping on the spin, and the quantum theory of the meson and its inter-action with the electromagnetic field at √6 × 137μ.
Viscosity of stannic phosphate gels during settingPrasad, Mata; Modak, K.
doi: 10.1007/BF03051344pmid: N/A
Viscosities of gel-forming mixtures containing various quantities of stannic chloride and phosphoric acid have been measured during the formation of gels at constant temperature. Effects of change of temperature and of the addition of non-electrolytes on the changes in viscosities have also been examined. It has been found that the rate of increase in viscosity with time increases with (a) an increase in (i) the quantity of phosphoric acid and (ii) temperature and (b) a decrease in the quantity of (i) stannic chloride and (ii) non-electrolytes.
Some organo-mercury compounds derived from quinine and cinchonineRao, N.; Seshadri, T.
doi: 10.1007/BF03051345pmid: N/A
The action of mercuric chloride and mercuric acetate on the alkaloids quinine and cinchonine has been investigated with a view to prepare organomercury compounds. The properties and constitutions of the compounds have been studied. Mercuric chloride forms combinations with the basic nitrogen atoms of the alkaloids whereas with mercuric acetate it is posible to produce compounds by addition at the ethylenic double bond. Some of these can be conveniently employed for therapeutic purposes.
Kinetics of sol-gel transformationDube, Hira; Prakash, Satya
doi: 10.1007/BF03051348pmid: N/A
In continuation with the previous work, the authors have studied the kinetics of sol-gel transformation with reference to the concentration of the coagulating electrolyte. Differently prepared samples of ferric phosphate show that in every case where a jelly is formed, the equation log S = log R +p log C is applicable during the period of slow gelation, where S is the rate of jelly formation, C the concentration of electrolyte,p the jelly-characteristic, and R the rate constant. The authors have studied the influence of temperature on the rate of setting of ferric arsenate, ferric phosphate, aluminium hydroxide and zirconium hydroxide jellies, and they have found that the value of R increases as the temperature is increased, whereas, the value ofp shows only a very slight decrease. It is expected that so long as the jelly is not characteristically changed in texture, the value ofp ought to remain constant, but in most cases, the texture also undergoes some variation as the temperature is increased (the jelly becomes opalescent and more synerising), the constantp slightly decreases.
Kinetics of sol-gel transformationDube, Hira
doi: 10.1007/BF03051349pmid: N/A
In continuation with his previous work, the author has studied the influence of purity on the setting of ferric arsenate and ferric phosphate jellies. As the purity of the sol increases, the values ofp and log R of the equation log S = log R +p log C also increase when setting is done with potassium chloride, but the values decrease with potassium sulphate. The author has advanced the view that the jellies from the same sol but set with different electrolytes, are not identical. They are characteristically different in texture. Similar results are obtained with the sols made impure by mixing with hydrochloric acid or ferric chloride as impurity.
On elementary heavy particles with any integral chargeBhabha, H.
doi: 10.1007/BF03051350pmid: N/A
The previous paper having shown that all divergences and large crosssections for neutral mesons being due entirely to neglect of radiation reaction, an attempt is made in this paper to remove those difficulties in the theory ofcharged mesons which do not occur in the theory of neutral mesons by following up an idea put forward tentatively by the present author some time ago on the ground that it would diminish the excessive scattering of charged mesons. It is assumed that the heavy elementary particles can exist in states of all integral charge, positive, negative or zero, the different states having different rest masses, of which the states with charge 0 ande (neutron and proton) must be assumed to have the lowest rest masses, while the proton states of charge −e and 2e are assumed to have the next lowest. The cross-sections for the creation and annihilation of protons of charge 2e and −e by several processes are calculated. The collision of a fast proton with another stationary proton is the most effective process for creating protons of charge 2e, the cross-section being of the order 10−27 cm.2 The colliding proton must have a kinetic energy of at least 35 M.e-V. Neutrons of the same energy would produce protons of charge −e on colliding with neutrons. The cross-sections for the production of protons of charge 2e and −e by mesons or photons are of the order 10−27 cm.2 The life time for spontaneous decay of these particles is of the order of 1/6 seconds, while the life time in air for reconversion into ordinary protons or neutrons by collision with a nucleus is of the order Z 10−7 secs. for low velocities. These particles have an interaction with the proton or neutron which is the same as the proton-neutron interaction with small additional terms. The energy-range relationship is calculated. The mean ionisation along a tract of a proton of charge 2e is nearly twice that of a proton or half that of an α-particle of the same range. If the theory is correct these particles are expected to occur in the nuclear explosions produced by cosmic rays, though less frequently than ordinary protons. Study of Wilson chamber photographs and photographs of nuclear explosions in the emulsions of photographic plates especially at high altitudes might be expected to reveal or disprove the existence of these particles.