Indentificattion of Colony-stimulating Factor Activity in Patients with Malignant Tumors Associated with Excessive LeukocytoisNakamura,, Kishisko;Takahashi,, Takayuki;Tsuyuoka,, Reiko;Ueda,, Yasuyo;Suzaki,, Akira;Okuno,, Yoshiaki;Ihara,, Yutaka;Seko,, Shuji;Okada,, Takamichi;Kumagai,, Naokazu;Oyaizu,, Tatsuki;Nishimura,, Takashi
doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.jjco.a039492pmid: N/A
Abstract We have tried to demonstrate and identify colony-stimulating factory (CSF) activity in the plasma, pleural fluid, ascites or culture supernatant of tumor cells in 11 patients with malignant tumors associated with unexplained persitent leukocytosis. The specimens were treated with antigranulocyte (G)-CSF or anti-granulocyte/macrophage (GM)-CSF monoclonal antibodies, then added to GM-progenitor (CFU-GM) cultures without exogenous CSFs. In all patients, untreated specimens generated CFU-GM-derived colonies, and colony formation was clearly inhibited by only one of the two antibodies, indicating the presence of either G-CSF or GM-CSF in the specimens. Furthermore, we measured the concentrations of G-CSF in the specimens using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and confirmed the results by CFU-Gm assay. Two patients were shown to have GM-CSF-producing. These assays are useful in indentifying CSF activity in patients with CSF-producing tumors. CSF-producing tumors, G-CSF, GM-CSF, Anti-CSF antibody, CFU-GM assay, ELISA This content is only available as a PDF. © Oxford University Press
Pharmocokinetics of an Etoposide Infused over Three Days: Concomitant Infusion with CisplatinMinami,, Hironobu;Horio,, Yoshitsugu;Sakai,, Shuzo;Saka,, Hideo;Shimokata,, Kaoru
doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.jjco.a039493pmid: N/A
Abstract The pharmacokinetics of a 72-hours infusion of 240 mg/m2 etoposide administered concurrently with 90 mg/m2 cisplatin was studied in 12 lung cancer patients. The area under the curve (AUC), elimination half-life, steady state concentration, systemic clearance, renal clearance of etoposide and distribution volume at steady state were 225.4±39.2 μg×h/ml, 8.1±3.4 h, 3.1±0.6 μg/ml, 18.8±3.1 ml/min/m2, 9.6±3.8 l/m2, respectively, whcih were in accordance with those reported previously in patients treated wih etoposide alone. Although concentration at 24 hours, total bilirubin level and total protein level were correlated with the AUC which in trurn correlated with hematologic toxicity, the variables were not predictive of hematologic toxicity. We conclude that the concomitant administration of cisplatin at a dose level of 30 mg/m2/day might not affect the pharmacokinetics of prolonged etoposide infusion Pharmacokinetics, Etoposide, Cisplatin This content is only available as a PDF. © Oxford University Press
Flow Cytometric DNA Analysis of Poorly Differentialted Adenocarcinoma of the ColorectumTaniyama,, Kiyomi;Suzuki,, Harumi;Matsumoto,, Miyuki;Hakamada,, Kouji;Toyam,, Kazunari;Tahara,, Eiichi
doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.jjco.a039494pmid: N/A
Abstract DNA ploidy patterns in 11 pooorly differentiated adenocarcinomas of the colorectum were examined by flow cytometry using paraffin-embedded specimens. Measurements of DNA content were made of the superficial (Su) half and deeper (Deep)half of the primary tumors in all cases, and of lymph node metastases in five cases. All the primary tumors showed invasion beyond the muscularis propria of the colorectum. Aneuploidy of polyploidy in either Sup or Deep of the primary tumor was found in six of the 11 (54.5%) tumors. Out of the six ancuploid tumors, five were in Dukes stage C with distant metastases at the time of operation, and four died within one your of surgery. Conversely, out of five diploid tumors, none had distant metastases at the time of operation and two survived for longer than three years after surger. The DNA ploidy pattern of Deep differed from that of Sup in four out of six aneuploid tumors, and two showed aneuploidy in Sup and diploidy in Deep. All the lymph node metastases in the five tumors had a diploid pattern, although three had aneuploid patterns in the primary tumors. The findings suggest the DNA ploidy pattern of a primary tumor to be correlated with the degree of metastasis at the time of operation or prognosis, but the population of tumor cells having different DNA contents may be apt to change between Sup and Deep in aneuploid tumor. Poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma, Colorectum, Flow cytometry, Aneuploidy This content is only available as a PDF. © Oxford University Press
Prognostic Factors for Pleural Lymphoma PatientsAozasa,, Katsuyuki;Ohsawa,, Masahiko;luchi,, Keiji;Mori,, Takashi;Komatsu,, Hikotaro;Tajima,, Kazuo;Minato,, Keisuke;Tajima,, Kinuko;Shimoyama,, Masanori
doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.jjco.a039496pmid: N/A
Abstract Prognostic factors in 47 patients with pleural lymphocytic lymphoma developing in chronic tuberculous pyothorax were evaluated using Cox's proportional hazards model. There were 41 men and six women, aged 44-80 (median 61) years. Approximately 70% of the patients had localized disease in Stages I and II, and 30% advanced disease in Stages III and IV. Histologically 27 patients had the diffuse large, immunoblastic type and 12 had others. In the other seven patients, histological subtyping of the lymphocytic lymphoma was impossible because of degenerative or necrotic changes in thehistologic specimens. A diagnosis of lymphocytic lumphoma of B-cell type was made in one case using combined cytologic and surface maker findings on a cell suspension. In addition, immunologic and immunohistochemical studies revealed another 40 cases to be proven B-cell lymphomas. Poor performance status and elevated levels of BUN and GPT were significantly associated with shortened survival in a Cox's proportional hazards model. A poor performance status and high levels of serumBUN and GPT suggested a marked deterioration in a patients's condition. When compared with previous literature describingprognostic factors in patients with B-cell lymphomas and with lymphocylic lymphomas with unfavourable histologies or associated with long-standing inflammations, the only common prognostic factors was performance status. The significance of primary site in predicting survival from lymphocytic lymphoma is discussed Malignant lymphoma, Pleural cavity, Prognostic factors, Multivariate analysis This content is only available as a PDF. © Oxford University Press
Efficacy of Internal Mammary Node Dissection in the Treatment of Breast CancerHorino,, Toshio;Fujita,, Masahide;Ueda,, Nobuhisa;Ota,, Jun;Ryo,, Masaki;Nakano,, Yosuke;Taguchi,, Tetsuo
doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.jjco.a039497pmid: N/A
Abstract The present study compares clinical and pathological findings and survival data from 410 patients who have undergone extended radical mastectomies in our hospital during the 20 years from 1967 with those derived from 261 who underwent mastectomies without dissections of the internal mammary nodes, in order to determine the value of additional internal mammary node dissection following standard radical mastectomy. Extended radical mastectomy was used in 289 of 361 (80.1%) patients with medial tumors, and in 121 of 310 (30.0%) with lateral tumors. Metastases to the internal mammarynodes were found in 18.5% (76) of all patients, in 20.4% (59) of the patients with medial tumors and in 14.0% (17) of those wth lateral tumors. Of the patients with medial tumors, internal mammary node metastases were found in seven of 44 (15.9%) at TNM Stage I, and the rate of metastases rose with advances in stage. Internal mammary node metastases alone, without those to the axillary nodes, were found in 14 patients (4.8%) with medial tumors and in two with lateral tumors. The 10-year survival rate in patients with medial tumors and metastases to the internal mammary nodes only was 67.0%, which was as good as that in patients with metastases to the axillary nodes only. In conclusion, extended radical mastectomy was valuable in the treatment of relatively early medial breast cancer at TNM Stages I and II Breast cancer, Extended radical mastectomy, Internal mammary node, Standard radical mastectomy This content is only available as a PDF. © Oxford University Press
A Randomized Trial Comparing Imipenem/Cilastatine Alone with Latamoxef Plus Tobramycin in Febrile Neutropenic Patients with Lung CancerMastsui,, Kaoru;Masuda,, Noriyuki;Takada,, Minoru;Kusunoki,, Yoko;Fukuoka,, Mashhiro
doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.jjco.a039498pmid: N/A
Abstract We conducted a randomized trial to compare the efficacy of imipenem/cilastatine (IPM/CS) monotherapy with thatof a combination of latamoxef (LMOX) and tobramycin (TOB) in the initial management of fever and neutropenia in patients with lung cancer. Leukocytopenic febrile patients(<3,000 leukocytes perμl; temperature >38°C) with lung cancer given induction therapy were randomly assigned to receive intravenous treatment with either 1g IPM/CS twice daily or 2g LMOX plus 90 mg TOB twice daily. A total 101 febrile episodes were studied. Fifty-one episodes were treated with IPM/CS and 50 with LMOX+TOB. Fifty-nine of the febrile episodes were bacteriologically confirmed, while an organism could not be isolated despite the presence of obvious clinical infection in the remaining 42. The response rate was 82% with IPM/CS and 80percent; with combination therapy. This difference was not statistically significant. The response rate regarding gram-negative infections was 10 out of 14 (71%) in the IPM/CS group and seven out of 12(58%) in the LMOX+TOB group. This differnce was also not significant (P=0.484). The response rate in severely neutropenic patients (neutrophils <100/μl) was low (P=0.078). Three patients in the IPM/CS group were withdrawn from the study due to skin rash and vomiting. Therapy with IPM/CS monotherapy was as effective as a combination regimen IPM/CS monotherapy, Lung cancer, Induction therapy, Infection, Leukopenia This content is only available as a PDF. © Oxford University Press
Alternating Chemotherapy with Cyclophosphamide/Adriamycin/Vincristine (CAV) and Cisplatin/Etoposide (PVP) agaist Small Cell Lung CancerBando,, Hiroyasu;Takishita,, Yoshihiro;Ogura,, Takeshi;Sone,, Saburo;Shimizu,, Eiji;Nakayama,, Tadashi;Doi,, Hiroyuki;Kobayashi,, Masaki
doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.jjco.a039499pmid: N/A
Abstract Seventy-four confirmed small cell lung cancer (SCLC) patients received alternating combination chemotherapy with CAV and PVP. The CAV comprised of cyclopnosphamide 800 mg/m2 on day 1, adriamycin 50 mg/m2 on day 1 and vincristine 1.4mg/m2 on day 1, administered every 3—4 weeks. The PVP comprised cisplatin 80 mg/m2 on day 1 and etoposide 75mg/m2 on day 1—5 administered every 3—4 weeks. Of these 74 patients, 63 (85.1%) achieved complete or partial responses with 16 (21.6%) obtaining a complete response. The median survival time was 13.2 months: 10.4 months in patients with extensive disease (ED), 16.3 months in those with limited disease (LD). A three-year disease-free period was achieved in eight patients (11.2%: 4.8% with ED, 16.8% with LD). The most commonly encountered side effecs were nausea, vomiting, alopecia and myelosuppression but all were tolerable. We consider CAV-PVP to be an effective combination regimen for treating SCLC Small cell lung cancer, Alternating chemotherapy, Multicenter trial This content is only available as a PDF. © Oxford University Press