AIDS

Goedert, James J.

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Implementation of recommended treatment guidelines will result in a substantial proportion of patients being treated for long periods before immunologic or clinical disease progression would have occurred in the absence of HAART. These findings should be considered in the clinical care of HIV-infected patients and in future recommendations for the initiation of HAART.

Sax, Paul E.

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Overall incidence of IAN was higher than that previously reported and was significantly greater in hemophiliacs than in non-hemophiliacs. HCV may be a contributing factor.

Ferrante, Pasquale

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These results, which are the first to be reported on fresh material from African HIV-infected patients living in Africa, indicate that HIV disease is associated with an abnormal immune hyperactivation and may be accompanied in these patients by lower loads of virus, and show that such activation is present even in HIV-seronegative controls.

Weinhold, Kent J.

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The live canarypox vector was safe, stimulated cytotoxic T-cells and primed for a vigorous neutralizing antibody response upon boosting with subunit gp120 vaccine. This vaccine combination should be evaluated further for inducing protection against HIV infection.

Zimba, R F.

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There is evidence that the ‘My Future is My Choice’ (MFMC) intervention is reducing HIV risk behaviours among sexually inexperienced participants aged 15–18. Related risk behaviours and perceptions are also positively impacted by the intervention.

Tuomala, Ruth

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Kaiser, Laurent

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In HIV-infected pregnant women treated with two RTI with or without protease inhibitors, one or more adverse events occurred in 29 out of 37 women and in 14 out of 30 babies. In newborns, frequent prematurity, one case of biliary malformation and one intracerebral haemorrhage in a term baby are of concern. These observations do not preclude combination therapies during pregnancy but emphasize the necessity to maintain updated registers on their safety.

Dabis, François

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This international survey shows that despite many obstacles, VCT is feasible and acceptable for pregnant women aiming to reduce their risk of transmitting HIV to their children.

Sönnerborg, Anders

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Very few pre-existing mutations to RTI were found, suggesting that the transmission of RT-resistant strains is still uncommon. However, about two-thirds of the patients had one or more mutations associated with resistance to protease inhibitors. In addition, at some amino-acid positions up to almost half of the patients carried variations claimed to contribute to protease inhibitor resistance. Most of these mutations are likely to reflect the natural polymorphism of the protease. Their impact on the long-term effect of antiretroviral treatment should be evaluated in future studies.

Paccagnini, Eugenio

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These findings suggest a role for substance P in the gp120-induced increase in permeability of brain endothelium.