MR Imaging Detection of Cerebral Microbleeds: Effect of Susceptibility-Weighted Imaging, Section Thickness, and Field StrengthNandigam, R.N.K.; Viswanathan, A.; Delgado, P.; Skehan, M.E.; Smith, E.E.; Rosand, J.; Greenberg, S.M.; Dickerson, B.C.
2009 American Journal of Neuroradiology
doi: 10.3174/ajnr.A1355pmid: 19001544
This Article Free to Access Figures Only Full Text Full Text (PDF) All Versions of this Article: ajnr.A1355v1 30/2/338 most recent Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Citation Map Services Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via CrossRef Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Nandigam, R.N.K. Articles by Dickerson, B.C. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Nandigam, R.N.K. Articles by Dickerson, B.C. Hotlight (NEW!) What's Hotlight? American Journal of Neuroradiology 30:338-343, February 2009 © 2009 American Society of Neuroradiology BRAIN MR Imaging Detection of Cerebral Microbleeds: Effect of Susceptibility-Weighted Imaging, Section Thickness, and Field Strength R.N.K. Nandigam a , A. Viswanathan a , P. Delgado a , M.E. Skehan a , E.E. Smith a , J. Rosand a , S.M. Greenberg a and B.C. Dickerson b ,c a Hemorrhagic Stroke Research Program, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass b Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass c Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Charlestown, Mass Please address correspondence to: Steven M. Greenberg, MD, PhD, Massachusetts General Hospital Stroke Research Center, 55 Fruit St, CPZ 175, Ste 300, Boston, MA 02114; e-mail: [email protected] BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The emergence of cerebral microbleeds (CMB) as common MR imaging findings raises the question of how MR imaging parameters influence CMB detection. To evaluate the effects of modified gradient recalled-echo (GRE) MR imaging methods, we performed an analysis of sequence, section thickness, and field strength on CMB imaging properties and detection in subjects with cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA), a condition associated with microhemorrhage. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Multiple MR images were obtained from subjects with probable CAA, with varying sequences (GRE versus susceptibility-weighted imaging SWI), section thicknesses (1.2–1.5 versus 5 mm), and magnetic field strengths (1.5T versus 3T). Individual CMB were manually identified and analyzed for contrast index (lesion intensity normalized to normal-appearing white matter signal intensity) and diameter. CMB counts were compared between 1.5T thick-section GRE and thin-section SWI for 3 subjects who underwent both protocols in the same scanning session. RESULTS: With other parameters constant, use of SWI, thinner sections, and a higher field strength yielded medium-to-large gains in CMB contrast index (CI; Cohen d 0.71–1.87). SWI was also associated with small increases in CMB diameter (Cohen d <0.3). Conventional thick-section GRE identified only 33% of CMB (103 of 310) seen on thin-section SWI. Lesions prospectively identified on GRE had significantly greater CI and diameter measured on the GRE image than those not prospectively identified. CONCLUSIONS: The examined alternatives to conventional GRE MR imaging yield substantially improved CMB contrast and sensitivity for detection. Future studies based on these techniques will most likely yield even higher prevalence estimates for CMB. This article has been cited by other articles: C. E. Lovelock, C. Cordonnier, H. Naka, R. Al-Shahi Salman, C. L. M. Sudlow, The Edinburgh Stroke Study Group, T. Sorimachi, D. J. Werring, S. M. Gregoire, T. Imaizumi, et al. Antithrombotic Drug Use, Cerebral Microbleeds, and Intracerebral Hemorrhage: A Systematic Review of Published and Unpublished Studies Stroke, June 1, 2010; 41(6): 1222 - 1228. Abstract Full Text PDF C. Cordonnier Brain microbleeds Practical Neurology, April 1, 2010; 10(2): 94 - 100. Abstract Full Text PDF Y.-A. Chung, J. Hyun O, J.-Y. Kim, K.-J. Kim, and K.-J. Ahn Hypoperfusion and Ischemia in Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy Documented by 99mTc-ECD Brain Perfusion SPECT J. Nucl. Med., December 1, 2009; 50(12): 1969 - 1974. Abstract Full Text PDF S. M. Gregoire, U. J. Chaudhary, M. M. Brown, T. A. Yousry, C. Kallis, H. R. Jager, and D. J. Werring The Microbleed Anatomical Rating Scale (MARS): Reliability of a tool to map brain microbleeds Neurology, November 24, 2009; 73(21): 1759 - 1766. Abstract Full Text PDF Home Subscribe Author Instructions Submit Online Search the AJNR Archives Feedback Help Copyright © 2010 by the American Society of Neuroradiology. Print ISSN: 0195-6108 Online ISSN: 1936-959X
The Blood Oxygen Level-Dependent Functional MR Imaging Signal Can Be Used to Identify Brain Tumors and Distinguish Them from Normal TissueFeldman, S.C.; Chu, D.; Schulder, M.; Barry, M.; Cho, E.-S.; Liu, W.-C.
2009 American Journal of Neuroradiology
doi: 10.3174/ajnr.A1326pmid: 19208905
This Article Figures Only Full Text Full Text (PDF) An erratum has been published Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Citation Map Services Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Citing Articles Citing Articles via CrossRef Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Feldman, S.C. Articles by Liu, W.-C. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Feldman, S.C. Articles by Liu, W.-C. Hotlight (NEW!) What's Hotlight? American Journal of Neuroradiology 30:389-395, February 2009 © 2009 American Society of Neuroradiology FUNCTIONAL The Blood Oxygen Level–Dependent Functional MR Imaging Signal Can Be Used to Identify Brain Tumors and Distinguish Them from Normal Tissue S.C. Feldman a , D. Chu a , M. Schulder b , M. Barry a , E.-S. Cho c and W.-C. Liu a a Departments of Radiology, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ b Departments of Neurosurgery, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ c Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ Please address correspondence to Susan C. Feldman, PhD, Department of Radiology, UMDNJ-New Jersey Medical School, 185 South Orange Ave, Newark, NJ 07103; e-mail: [email protected] BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: In neuro-oncology, a major problem is clear identification of tumor from the surrounding normal tissue. We hypothesized that we could use the blood oxygen level–dependent functional MR imaging (BOLD fMRI) signals from tumors and normal brain to identify the tumors and distinguish them from the surrounding brain. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fourteen patients with meningiomas, gliomas, and metastatic tumors were scanned before surgery. All subjects performed a motor task; 2 subjects were also scanned while in a resting state. The BOLD signals were taken from selected points within the tumor and from the surrounding normal brain and were analyzed by using correlation analysis to determine how closely they were related. RESULTS: The BOLD signals from all of the tumors were significantly different from those in the surrounding normal tissue. In meningiomas and gliomas, selection of a voxel in the tumor for signal-intensity analysis highlighted the entire tumor mass while excluding the normal tissue. The BOLD signal intensity was the same whether the subjects were motionless or finger tapping. CONCLUSIONS: Analysis of the BOLD signal intensity provides a relatively simple and straightforward method for identifying brain tumors and distinguishing them from normal tissue. This approach may be of use in neurosurgery. Home Subscribe Author Instructions Submit Online Search the AJNR Archives Feedback Help Copyright © 2010 by the American Society of Neuroradiology. Print ISSN: 0195-6108 Online ISSN: 1936-959X
MR Imaging Characteristics and Neuropathology of the Spinal Cord in Adult-Onset Autosomal Dominant Leukodystrophy with Autonomic SymptomsSundblom, J.; Melberg, A.; Kalimo, H.; Smits, A.; Raininko, R.
2009 American Journal of Neuroradiology
doi: 10.3174/ajnr.A1354pmid: 18945794
This Article Free to Access Figures Only Full Text Full Text (PDF) All Versions of this Article: ajnr.A1354v1 30/2/328 most recent Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Citation Map Services Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Citing Articles Citing Articles via CrossRef Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Sundblom, J. Articles by Raininko, R. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Sundblom, J. Articles by Raininko, R. Hotlight (NEW!) What's Hotlight? American Journal of Neuroradiology 30:328-335, February 2009 © 2009 American Society of Neuroradiology SPINE MR Imaging Characteristics and Neuropathology of the Spinal Cord in Adult-Onset Autosomal Dominant Leukodystrophy with Autonomic Symptoms J. Sundblom a , A. Melberg a , H. Kalimo b ,d , A. Smits a and R. Raininko c a Department of Neuroscience, Section of Neurology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden b Department of Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden c Department of Radiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden d Department of Pathology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland Please address correspondence to Jimmy Sundblom, MD, Department of Neuroscience, Neurology, Uppsala University Hospital, SE-75185 Uppsala, Sweden; e-mail: [email protected] BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: MR imaging findings in adult-onset autosomal dominant leukodystrophy (ADLD) with autonomic symptoms have been described in the brain, but no descriptions of MR imaging findings in the spinal cord have been published. Here, we describe MR imaging findings in the spinal cord in adult-onset ADLD with autonomic symptoms and histopathologic investigations of the spinal cord. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twelve subjects from 2 families with adult-onset ADLD with autonomic symptoms identified by clinical investigation underwent MR imaging examination of the spinal cord. Sagittal and transverse sections were obtained. MR imaging examination of the brain was performed in 11 patients. One of the patients underwent postmortem examination, and the spinal cord was subjected to histopathologic analysis. RESULTS: In all family members with adult-onset ADLD with autonomic symptoms, even in the asymptomatic person, the spinal cord was thin. All examined family members also had a slight general white matter signal intensity (SI) increase in the whole spinal cord, mainly visible in T2-weighted transverse images. The pathologic examination revealed a discrete demyelination in the spinal cord. Brain MR imaging also showed increased T2 SI in the white matter. CONCLUSIONS: The spinal cord is affected in adult-onset ADLD with autonomic symptoms. Findings consist of atrophy and a diffuse T2 SI increase in the white matter. Transverse images are needed to assess these findings. The typical SI changes of the spinal cord are also present in subjects without clinical symptoms of the disease and with very limited changes in the brain. Home Subscribe Author Instructions Submit Online Search the AJNR Archives Feedback Help Copyright © 2010 by the American Society of Neuroradiology. Print ISSN: 0195-6108 Online ISSN: 1936-959X
Efficacy of Percutaneous Vertebroplasty for Multiple Synchronous and Metachronous Vertebral Compression FracturesGray, L.A.; Rad, A. Ehteshami; Gaughen, J.R., Jr.; Kaufmann, T.J.; Kallmes, D.F.
2009 American Journal of Neuroradiology
doi: 10.3174/ajnr.A1328pmid: 18854440
This Article Figures Only Full Text Full Text (PDF) All Versions of this Article: ajnr.A1328v1 30/2/318 most recent Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Citation Map Services Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via CrossRef Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Gray, L.A. Articles by Kallmes, D.F. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Gray, L.A. Articles by Kallmes, D.F. Hotlight (NEW!) What's Hotlight? American Journal of Neuroradiology 30:318-322, February 2009 © 2009 American Society of Neuroradiology SPINE Efficacy of Percutaneous Vertebroplasty for Multiple Synchronous and Metachronous Vertebral Compression Fractures L.A. Gray a , A. Ehteshami Rad a , J.R. Gaughen, Jr. b , T.J. Kaufmann a and D.F. Kallmes a a Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn b Department of Radiology, University of Virginia Health Services, Charlottesville, Va Please address correspondence to David F. Kallmes, MD, Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St, SW, Rochester, MN 55905; e-mail: [email protected] BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Limited data exists regarding the efficacy of percutaneous vertebroplasty for multiple synchronous and metachronous vertebral compression fractures. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether the number of vertebral levels treated during percutaneous vertebroplasty procedures or the number of separate vertebroplasty procedures performed on a given patient affect clinical outcomes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We defined 3 patient populations in our retrospective study. Group 1 included 328 patients who underwent 1 single-level vertebroplasty procedure. Group 2 included 226 patients who underwent a single procedure in which 2 or more vertebral levels were treated. Group 3 included 101 patients who underwent 2 or more separate vertebroplasty procedures. Follow-up was performed between 1 week and 2 years postoperatively. Clinical outcomes were assessed through analysis of quantitative measurements of pre- and postoperative levels of pain with and without activity (0–10) as well as mobility improvement. The Kruskal-Wallis rank sum test was used to evaluate the differences among groups. Univariate and 2 analyses were performed to show the proportion of underlying diseases in each group. RESULTS: Mean pain improvement with/without activity at 2-year follow-up was 5.8/3, 4.9/3.7, and 5.4/3.1 in groups 1, 2, and 3, respectively; and mean mobility improvement in 2-year follow-up was 0.67, 0.63, and 0.65 for groups 1, 2, and 3, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: There was no significant difference in pain relief and mobility improvement in patients treated for multiple synchronous or metachronous vertebral compression fractures in comparison with those treated for solitary isolated fractures. This article has been cited by other articles: D. F. Kallmes, J. G. Jarvik, R. H. Osborne, B. A. Comstock, M. P. Staples, P. J. Heagerty, J. A. Turner, and R. Buchbinder Clinical Utility of Vertebroplasty: Elevating the Evidence Radiology, June 1, 2010; 255(3): 675 - 680. Full Text PDF Home Subscribe Author Instructions Submit Online Search the AJNR Archives Feedback Help Copyright © 2010 by the American Society of Neuroradiology. Print ISSN: 0195-6108 Online ISSN: 1936-959X
Fluorodeoxyglucose-Positron-Emission Tomography, Single-Photon Emission Tomography, and Structural MR Imaging for Prediction of Rapid Conversion to Alzheimer Disease in Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Meta-AnalysisYuan, Y.; Gu, Z.-X.; Wei, W.-S.
2009 American Journal of Neuroradiology
doi: 10.3174/ajnr.A1357pmid: 19001534
This Article Free to Access Figures Only Full Text Full Text (PDF) All Versions of this Article: ajnr.A1357v1 30/2/404 most recent Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Citation Map Services Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via CrossRef Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Yuan, Y. Articles by Wei, W.-S. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Yuan, Y. Articles by Wei, W.-S. Hotlight (NEW!) What's Hotlight? American Journal of Neuroradiology 30:404-410, February 2009 © 2009 American Society of Neuroradiology FUNCTIONAL Fluorodeoxyglucose–Positron-Emission Tomography, Single-Photon Emission Tomography, and Structural MR Imaging for Prediction of Rapid Conversion to Alzheimer Disease in Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Meta-Analysis Y. Yuan a , Z.-X. Gu a and W.-S. Wei b a Department of Nuclear Medicine, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China b Department of Neurology, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China Please address correspondence to Zhao-Xiang Gu, PhD, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, 221 W Yan'an Rd, Shanghai, China; e-mail: [email protected] BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) are at risk for developing Alzheimer disease (AD). To diagnose AD at an early stage, one must develop highly specific and sensitive tools to identify it among at-risk subjects. The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the ability of fluorodeoxyglucose–positron-emission tomography (FDG-PET), single-photon emission tomography (SPECT), and structural MR imaging to predict conversion to AD in patients with MCI. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Relevant studies were identified with MEDLINE from January 1990 to April 2008. Meta-analysis and meta-regression were done on the diagnostic performance data for each technique from eligible studies. We estimated and compared the weighted summary sensitivities, specificities, likelihood ratios (LRs), and summary receiver operating characteristic curves of each imaging technique. RESULTS: Twenty-four eligible studies were included, with a total of 1112 patients. FDG-PET performed statistically better in LR+ and odds ratio (OR), whereas no statistical difference was found in pooled sensitivity, specificity, and LR– for each technique. No statistical difference was confirmed between SPECT and MR imaging. The Q * index estimates for FDG-PET, SPECT, and structural MR imaging were respectively 0.86, 0.75, and 0.76. In meta-regression, statistical significance was found only between technique and log OR, with a regression coefficient of –0.575. CONCLUSIONS: This meta-analysis showed that FDG-PET performs slightly better than SPECT and structural MR imaging in the prediction of conversion to AD in patients with MCI; parallel performance was found between SPECT and MR imaging. This article has been cited by other articles: R. Mayeux Early Alzheimer's Disease N. Engl. J. Med., June 10, 2010; 362(23): 2194 - 2201. Full Text PDF P. J. Visser and D. S. Knopman Amyloid imaging in the prediction of Alzheimer-type dementia in subjects with amnestic MCI Neurology, September 8, 2009; 73(10): 744 - 745. Full Text PDF Home Subscribe Author Instructions Submit Online Search the AJNR Archives Feedback Help Copyright © 2010 by the American Society of Neuroradiology. Print ISSN: 0195-6108 Online ISSN: 1936-959X